CN110779417A - Special-shaped part detection tool and detection method - Google Patents
Special-shaped part detection tool and detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special-shaped part detection tool and a detection method, and belongs to the technical field of workpiece detection. It includes that first detection piece and second detect the piece, first detection piece detects the piece and meets with the second detection piece is perpendicular, is provided with first working face on the first detection piece, the second detects and is provided with the second working face on the piece, be provided with circular arc spare on first working face and the second working face respectively. The tool is simple in structure, good in structural rigidity and convenient to manufacture and use, complex machine parts are not needed in the detection method, existing detection equipment is utilized, position of a dial indicator or a dial indicator is not needed to be changed in the detection process, and the detection method is simple and convenient to apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece detection, and particularly relates to a special-shaped workpiece detection tool and a detection method.
Background
The single continuous casting machine constituting the continuous casting line in the continuous casting production is generally called a sector section, and is generally divided into an arc section (or a bending section), a straightening section, a horizontal section and the like. According to different casting blanks, the steel can be divided into slab sector, square billet sector, round billet sector, special-shaped billet sector and the like. The most common in production are slab and billet sectors. The work piece of fan-shaped section is influenced by continuous casting billet heat radiation, cooling water spray, hot corrosive gas erosion, casting blank gravity, casting blank pressure etc. factor in the work, and fan-shaped section work piece work is continuous and has not had the intermittence in the continuous casting process, just carries out the change of corresponding work piece and the maintenance of inserting the production line of work piece when corresponding work piece appears unusually or fan-shaped section reaches certain excess steel volume. The sector section has the characteristics of severe working environment and no intermittence in working, so that the sector section needs to be frequently replaced and maintained. The maintenance comprises off-line maintenance and factory precision recovery: the offline maintenance (in an off-inspection workshop on a continuous casting site) is used for replacing a roller set, replacing a nozzle of a cooling system, replacing parts of a lubricating system, performing pressure test, arc correction, calibration and the like, and the above contents only can be used for replacing a simple workpiece and cannot completely recover the precision influence of large workpieces caused by factors such as abrasion and the like. And (4) recovering the precision of the factory (a professional manufacturing factory) to further disassemble the roller set, replace parts such as a bearing, a seal and the like, manufacture the scrapped parts and recover the precision of the fan-shaped section frame. The Chinese patent application numbers are: 200520078968.2, filing date: 2005.06.24 which discloses the construction of a segmental frame.
And the accuracy recovery of the fan-shaped section frame requires that the fan-shaped section frame is detected on a processing machine tool, the deviation of the sizes of all parts and a design drawing is detected and recorded, which is a basic link for formulating an accuracy recovery scheme of the fan-shaped section frame, and after the accuracy recovery scheme of the fan-shaped section frame is formulated, the accuracy sizes are recovered by the processing machine tool after repair welding repair. In the process of detecting the sector, because the working surface on the sector frame is worn and changed, and a reference cannot be found or is difficult to find relative to the working surface (because the sector frame is in a frame structure, the design origin is generally located at the center of the sector frame, and when the external part of the sector frame is measured, the design origin cannot be selected as a reference point to determine the coordinates of the working surface due to the wear and change of the working surface, and the difference between the worn working surface and the worn working surface is determined), the detection by using a general machine tool or a coordinate measuring instrument or a laser tracker is difficult, and the detection work is difficult to complete.
In the prior art, the Chinese patent application numbers are: 200710025010.0, filing date: 2007.07.10, which comprises a casing, a cover, a horizontal water column, two dial indicators or a dial indicator arranged in the casing according to the vertical position of the upper contact in the extension direction, the cover arranged on the upper side of the casing and connected with the casing, and the horizontal water column fixed on the casing. The detection of various motion precision of the machine tool in the X, Z direction can be completed by clamping once, and the stability is good, so that the detection result is more accurate; but a new dial indicator or dial indicator needs to be designed and manufactured, which is not beneficial to use in the detection process.
The Chinese patent application numbers are: 201910077488.0, application number: 2019.01.28, which comprises a reference plate as a working platform, a transverse detection mechanism, a longitudinal detection mechanism, a vertical detection mechanism, a large-hole mandrel and a small-hole mandrel for positioning a workpiece to be tested, and a cylinder device for clamping the workpiece to be tested, wherein the transverse detection mechanism, the longitudinal detection mechanism and the vertical detection mechanism are fixed on the reference plate; the transverse detection mechanism comprises a left-right sliding mechanism, a support, a small hole mandrel and a left-right dial indicator, the vertical detection mechanism comprises two side short shafts, a spring in suspension connection with the side short shafts and the support, and an upper-lower dial indicator, and the longitudinal detection mechanism comprises a front-back sliding mechanism, a large hole heightening pad, a large hole mandrel and a front-back dial indicator. The problem that a three-coordinate measuring instrument is usually adopted to cooperate with a customized measuring program and a clamp for measuring the distance, the angle and the like of the special-shaped part in the three-dimensional space direction is solved; but a special three-dimensional measuring instrument needs to be established, so that the economic expenditure is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem that the existing special-shaped part is difficult to detect, the invention provides a special-shaped part detection tool which is simple in structure, good in structural rigidity and convenient to manufacture and use.
The invention also aims to provide a special-shaped piece detection method, which does not need to use complex machine parts, utilizes the existing detection equipment, does not need to change the position of a dial indicator or a dial indicator in the detection process, is simpler and is convenient to apply.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the special-shaped part detection tool comprises a first detection block and a second detection block, wherein the first detection block is vertically connected with the second detection block, a first working surface is arranged on the first detection block, a second working surface is arranged on the second detection block, and arc parts are respectively arranged on the first working surface and the second working surface.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the arc piece is an arc-shaped groove or an arc-shaped protrusion.
As a further explanation of the invention, the number of the first detection blocks is two, the number of the second detection blocks is one, the first detection blocks are respectively arranged at two ends of the second detection block, and the special-shaped piece detection tool is in an i shape as a whole.
As a further explanation of the present invention, a positioning surface is disposed on an adjacent surface or an opposite surface of the first working surface of the first detection block, and a fastening structure is disposed on the positioning surface.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the engaging structure is a positioning groove.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the first detecting block or the second detecting block is provided with a positioning hole.
The invention discloses a special-shaped piece detection method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the workpiece to be detected on detection equipment, correcting the horizontal reference plane, and enabling a design reference plane of the workpiece to be detected to be coincident with or parallel to the horizontal reference plane;
s2, selecting or processing an initial detection surface on the workpiece to be detected, and manufacturing a special-shaped part detection tool according to the initial detection surface;
s3, clamping and fixing the special-shaped part detection tool on the initial detection surface, and mounting a dial indicator or a dial indicator on the detection equipment;
s4, controlling the detection equipment to drive the dial indicator or the dial indicator to move on the arc piece of the first detection block of the special-shaped piece detection tool, and recording position data of the dial indicator or the dial indicator by the detection equipment when the measuring rod reaches the maximum elongation or the minimum elongation, wherein the position data is recorded as zero point in the X direction, and the X coordinate of the detection equipment is zero;
s5, controlling the detection equipment to drive the dial indicator or the dial indicator to move on the arc piece of the second detection block of the special-shaped piece detection tool, and recording position data of the dial indicator or the dial indicator by the detection equipment when the measuring rod reaches the maximum elongation or the minimum elongation, wherein the position data is recorded as a zero point in the Z direction, and the Z coordinate of the detection equipment is zero;
s6, controlling the detection equipment to move to a horizontal reference surface, recording as a zero point in the Y direction, and aligning the Y coordinate of the detection equipment to zero to obtain a new space coordinate origin (0, 0, 0);
and S7, moving the detection equipment according to the new space coordinate origin (0, 0, 0), measuring the plane data to be measured on the surface of the workpiece to be measured by the dial indicator or the dial indicator, comparing the measured value with the design value of the drawing, and analyzing the deviation.
As a further illustration of the invention, the detection device comprises one of a machine tool, a coordinate measuring machine or a laser tracker.
As a further description of the present invention, in the step S1, the horizontal datum is corrected by checking the design drawing of the workpiece to be detected, selecting one design datum plane in the design drawing to be coincident with or parallel to the horizontal datum plane, where the distance between the design datum plane and the horizontal datum plane is known, and selecting four points on the horizontal datum plane to place on the equal-height sizing blocks of the detection device, so that the four points are coplanar.
As a further description of the present invention, in the step S2, the initial detection surface should be a horizontal surface or a non-use surface corrected by the horizontal reference surface of the workpiece to be detected, and the initial detection surface is parallel to or perpendicular to the horizontal reference surface.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a special-shaped piece detection tool, which needs to determine corresponding position coordinates by the special-shaped piece detection tool in the special-shaped piece detection process, in the daily use process, a cartesian coordinate system (rectangular coordinate system) is generally used, the coordinates of one point in space in the rectangular coordinate system are (x, y, z), when the special-shaped piece is placed in detection equipment (generally, common digital detection equipment such as machine tool and coordinate measuring machine), the measuring head of the dial indicator or dial indicator touches the horizontal reference, a coordinate direction '0' point can be determined, if the other two coordinate direction '0' points are determined, the first detection block and the second detection block are needed to be used for respectively determining, and the dial indicator measuring head can be conveniently positioned at a certain original point in space by using the special-shaped part detection tool without changing the position of the dial indicator, so that the subsequent detection of other points is facilitated;
(2) according to the special-shaped piece detection tool, in the detection process, the circular arc piece is used for determining the origin of the unknown direction coordinate in the rectangular coordinate system, the use mode is simple, the circular arc piece is a circular arc groove or a circular arc bulge, the distance relation between one point in a plane and a circle is utilized, the structure is simple, and the use is convenient;
(3) according to the special-shaped piece detection tool, in order to detect the coordinates in different directions in the rectangular coordinate system, the first detection block needs to be connected with the second detection block, in order to ensure the stability of the tool, the tool is more stable and firm in the shape of an I-shaped whole, is convenient to fix on a special-shaped piece, and is simple in structure, good in rigidity and convenient to manufacture and use;
(4) according to the special-shaped part detection tool, in order to fix the tool on a special-shaped part conveniently, the tool needs to be provided with the positioning surface, the positioning surface is provided with the clamping structure, the tool can be clamped on the special-shaped part conveniently, the tool cannot deviate in position when pins are used for positioning holes in the subsequent process, and the stability of clamping the tool on the special-shaped part is further enhanced;
(5) according to the special-shaped piece detection method, on the basis of a special-shaped piece manufacturing tool, only ordinary detection equipment is used, a dial indicator and a position relation between one point in a plane and a circumference are utilized, a rectangular coordinate system and a coordinate of a space virtual origin are determined, subsequent measurement is carried out according to the newly established rectangular coordinate system, complex machine parts do not need to be used, and the detection method is simple and convenient to apply;
(6) according to the method for detecting the special-shaped part, when one design reference surface of a design drawing is coincident with a horizontal reference surface, the design zero point of the design drawing is on the horizontal plane, when the design reference surface is parallel to the horizontal reference surface, the design zero point is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the distance between the design zero point and the horizontal plane is known, so that subsequent calculation is facilitated;
(7) the invention relates to a special-shaped piece detection method, wherein height data of an initial detection surface can be moved to a detection device to obtain the distance between the initial detection surface and a horizontal plane (obtained through a Y coordinate difference value of the detection device), the distance between the initial detection surface and a design zero point can be obtained because the distance between the design zero point and the horizontal plane is known, when a tool is made according to the initial detection surface, the structural dimension data of the tool is known, and the vertical distance between the lowest point or the highest point of an arc piece and the initial detection surface can be obtained, in the process of establishing a coordinate system by using the tool, a rectangular coordinate system is actually established on a plane which passes through the lowest point or the highest point of the arc piece of the tool and is parallel to a horizontal reference, and the rectangular coordinate system is parallel to a X, Z axis and is coincident to a Y axis with the coordinate system of a design drawing, and the distance between the arc piece and the, the rectangular coordinate system is translated along the Y-axis (as embodied on the sensing device, at the Y-coordinate, to zero).
Drawings
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but it should be understood that these drawings are designed for illustrative purposes only and thus do not limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, unless otherwise indicated, the drawings are intended to be illustrative of the structural configurations described herein and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a special-shaped part detection tool according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a positioning surface direction of a special-shaped part detection tool in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a special-shaped part detection tool according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous casting segment frame for detecting a special-shaped piece by using a special-shaped piece detecting method in embodiment 4 of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a special-shaped member detection method according to embodiment 4 of the present invention, in which a special-shaped member detection tool is used to determine a zero point X in a coordinate direction;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a state of detecting a side slope plane after a rectangular coordinate system is established according to the method for detecting a special-shaped part in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a state where another side slope plane detection is performed, which is different from the state of fig. 6, in a special-shaped member detection method according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the combination of the states of FIGS. 5-8;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a special-shaped member detection method according to embodiment 4 of the present invention, in which a special-shaped member detection tool is used to determine a zero point Z "in a coordinate direction;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the state diagram of FIG. 6;
fig. 11 is a combined overall structure diagram of fig. 9 and 10.
In the drawings: 1. a first detection block; 2. a second detection block; 3. a first working surface; 4. a second working surface; 5. a circular arc member; 6. positioning the surface; 7. positioning holes; 8. a machine tool; 9. and (4) a dial indicator.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration exemplary embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. Although these exemplary embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that various changes to the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The following more detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is presented for purposes of illustration only and not limitation to describe the features and characteristics of the invention, to set forth the best mode of carrying out the invention, and to sufficiently enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be limited only by the following claims.
The detailed description and exemplary embodiments of the invention will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings, where the elements and features of the invention are identified by reference numerals.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the special-shaped piece detecting tool of the present embodiment is set based on an initial detecting surface on a continuous casting segment frame.
The dysmorphism piece of this embodiment detects the frock includes that first detecting block 1 and second detect piece 2, and first detecting block 1 quantity is two, and the second detects 2 quantity of piece and is one, and the second detects 2 both ends of piece and is provided with first detecting block 1 respectively, and dysmorphism piece detects that the frock is whole to be "worker" font, and in the in-service use process, to first detecting block 1 and second detect the material of piece 2 and select to be that the coefficient of elasticity is little and surface friction is not big. In the process of measuring by using the special-shaped part detection tool, the dial indicator 9 or the dial indicator magnetic base is required to be attracted (generally, magnetic attraction is used, and other mounting modes such as clamping, fixed connection and the like can also be adopted) to be attached to the detection equipment, the detection equipment is controlled to drive the dial indicator 9 or the dial indicator to move, the dial indicator 9 or a measuring head (free end of a measuring rod) of the dial indicator is lightly pressed on the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2, and in order to reduce errors, the elasticity of the materials of the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2 cannot be too large; in order to reduce wear of the dial gauge 9 or the micrometer gauge head, it is necessary to reduce surface friction. The steel is easy to obtain and convenient to process, and is a better choice. The first detection block 1 needs to be vertically connected with the second detection block 2, and because the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2 need to detect two coordinates in one plane, in the rectangular coordinate system, two coordinates in a plane are perpendicular, so a portion where coordinate detection is performed should also be perpendicular, in order to vertically arrange the portions for detection on the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2, the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2 should be vertically arranged, however, the heights of the circular arc pieces 5 on the first detection block 1 and the second detection block 2 have no influence on the test result, and in this embodiment, the dial indicator 9 is conveniently moved from the circular arc piece 5 on the first detection block 1 to the circular arc piece 5 on the second detection block 2, so that the height of the second detection block 2 is lower than the height of the first detection block 1, and in the using process, the dial indicator 9 does not need to be lifted, and the translation can be directly performed.
Set up first working face 3 on the first detection piece 1, set up second working face 4 on the second detection piece 2, set up circular arc piece 5 on first working face 3 and the second working face 4 respectively, the circular arc piece 5 of this embodiment is circular arc recess, and circular arc recess mutually perpendicular on first working face 3 and the second working face 4. In the subsequent detection process, two coordinates on the same plane in the rectangular coordinate system can be directly measured.
The opposite face of the first 1 working face that detects is locating surface 6, locating surface 6 lies in realizing and the block relation between the dysmorphism piece, so can select according to the initial detection face of dysmorphism piece, can realize forming the block relation with the initial detection face can, the dysmorphism piece of this embodiment detects the frock and makes to continuous casting fan-shaped section frame, because the initial detection face is for having bellied part, so set up the block structure on the locating surface 6 and be the constant head tank, the difference of choosing according to the initial detection face can adopt different block structures, but generally should select the part of easy block.
In order to achieve a further positioning effect, the first detection block 1 or the second detection block 2 is provided with the positioning hole 7, a pin passes through the positioning hole 7 and is fastened by a fastening bolt, the special-shaped piece detection tool and the special-shaped piece can be further fixed, the positioning holes 7 of the embodiment are arranged on the two first detection blocks 1, and the function of further fixing is achieved through the plurality of positioning holes 7. The number of the positioning holes 7 is not limited, and the special-shaped part detection tool can be fixed.
Example 2
The special-shaped piece detection tool in the embodiment has basically the same structure as that in the embodiment 1, and is directed to a continuous casting fan-shaped section frame, and the initial detection surface is convex, and the difference is that the arc piece 5 is a circular arc-shaped protrusion.
Example 3
The special-shaped part detection tool is basically the same as the special-shaped part detection tool in structure in embodiment 1, and is different in that a positioning surface 6 is adjacent to a first working surface 3 and a second working surface 4, an initial detection surface is a groove, and a clamping structure on the surface of the positioning surface 6 is a protrusion.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a specific implementation example of a special-shaped member detection method according to a continuous casting segment frame and the special-shaped member detection tool in embodiment 1.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing a horizontal reference (reference A in figure 4, the reference A in this embodiment is a design reference surface in a design drawing, and the design reference surface coincides with the horizontal reference surface) of a continuous casting segment frame on a sizing block of a machine tool 8 (the reference A should be machined horizontally in a newly manufactured segment frame), detecting whether the reference A of the segment frame meets the requirement of an operation maintenance manual (namely the requirement which should be met by actual operation) or the requirement of the design drawing by using a feeler gauge (the reference A is used as the horizontal reference in the detection process, the four points of the reference A placed on the sizing block are required to be coplanar, the reference A can be regarded as the horizontal reference, the reference A is placed on the sizing block in the use or detection process, the reference A is coplanar and is likely to be coplanar but not coplanar due to stress deformation, at this time, the shim with known thickness is required to be used for tamping leveling, or the A datum is machined horizontally, and the A datum is designed to be used for placing the fan-shaped section frame on the detection equipment at the beginning, so that the machining removal amount is complemented by a corresponding gasket even if the fan-shaped section frame is machined, subsequent use is not influenced), the fan-shaped section frame is straightened according to the side vertical datum of the fan-shaped section frame, and the correction process of the machine tool 8 is completed. In the process of correcting the machine tool 8, the embodiment selects a proper reference a as a horizontal reference only for a specific sector frame, and in the actual detection process, the horizontal reference is the equal-height sizing block of the machine tool 8, which is convenient for subsequent detection.
S2, selecting or processing an initial detection surface on the workpiece to be detected, and manufacturing a special-shaped part detection tool according to the initial detection surface; as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a sector frame is detected, a point a7 on a design drawing of the sector frame is a coordinate origin, but a point a7 is located at a spatial center of the sector frame, specific information of the point cannot be obtained, a rectangular coordinate system test cannot be performed to obtain used state data, and the original design drawing size of the sector frame and the used state data are compared. So a new rectangular coordinate system is established. An initial detection surface is required to be selected, and the special-shaped part detection tool is manufactured according to the initial detection surface. In the process of selecting the initial detection surface, an existing plane parallel to the horizontal reference is generally selected, or a surface parallel to the horizontal reference is machined on the non-working surface of the special-shaped piece. In the six surfaces a1-a6 in fig. 4 in this embodiment, the surface A3 and the surface a4 are both surfaces parallel to the reference a (because the two selected surfaces in this embodiment are coplanar and need to be repaired by build-up welding subsequently, the use of the device is not affected even if the surfaces are not parallel to the horizontal reference), and after the initial detection surface is selected, if the surface is not horizontal, the initial detection surface can be processed to be horizontal with reference to the horizontal reference. The surfaces a1, a2, a5 and a6 are all surfaces with a certain inclination angle and are surfaces which need to be detected subsequently. The special-shaped part detection tool is manufactured according to the special-shaped part initial detection surface, the clamping structure of the tool positioning surface 6 is mainly changed, and the clamping of the tool and the initial detection surface is the prior art. The special-shaped piece detection tool applied in this embodiment has a structure as shown in fig. 1 to 3, that is, the special-shaped piece detection tool shown in embodiment 1.
S3, the special-shaped piece detection tool shown in embodiment 1 is clamped on the A3 and a4 surfaces in fig. 4 to form the states as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 9, the groove of the tool positioning surface 6 is clamped on the A3 surface a4 to form a clamping structure, and the pin passes through the positioning hole 7 to stabilize the clamping relationship between the special-shaped piece detection tool and the initial detection surface, so that the tool does not move in the using process. The dial indicator 9 is arranged on the machine tool 8, the dial indicator can also be applied to the machine tool 8 in the same way, and the dial indicator 9 or the dial indicator arranged on the machine tool 8 does not move any more in the subsequent use process. In this embodiment, the A3 surface and the a4 surface are not changed, and as in the design drawing, if the change occurs, milling processing can be performed, the height data of the initial detection surface can be moved by the detection device to obtain the distance between the initial detection surface and the horizontal plane (which can be obtained by the Y coordinate difference of the detection device), and since the distance between the design zero point and the horizontal plane is known, the distance between the initial detection surface and the design zero point can be obtained.
S4, controlling the machine tool 8 to drive the dial indicator 9 to move on the arc-shaped groove of the first detection block 1 of the special-shaped part detection tool (the dial indicator 9 does not rotate in the moving process, the moving direction is the X-axis direction), the arc-shaped groove is located in the middle of the first detection block 1, calculation is facilitated, when the measuring rod reaches the maximum elongation of the dial indicator 9, the machine tool 8 records position data of the point, the position data are recorded as the zero point in the X direction, and the X coordinate on the machine tool 8 is subjected to zero alignment. The dial indicator 9 of this embodiment is located directly over the symmetrical plane of the circular arc piece 5 (there is a certain included angle between the dial indicator 9 and the vertical plane not to affect the measurement), and the elongation of the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 is the largest, and reaches the lowest point of the circular arc groove of the first detecting block 1 at this time.
S5, controlling the machine tool 8 to drive the dial indicator 9 to move on the arc-shaped groove of the second detection block 2 of the special-shaped part detection tool (the moving direction is the Z-axis direction), when the pointer of the dial indicator 9 points to the minimum, the elongation of the measurement rod of the dial indicator 9 is the maximum, the position of the measurement head of the dial indicator 9 is the lowest point of the arc-shaped groove, recording the position data of the point by the machine tool 8 as the zero point of the Z direction, and performing zero alignment on the Z coordinate on the machine tool 8 (the zero alignment of the Z coordinate is basically equal to the zero alignment of the X coordinate), so that the zero point on the X, Z-axis direction and the corresponding axis is obtained, namely, a plane rectangular coordinate system is established, and a Y axis perpendicular to the plane rectangular coordinate system is needed to establish a.
S6, controlling the machine tool 8 to move the dial indicator 9 to enable the tip of the measuring rod to be located on a horizontal reference surface (the embodiment is the position of the sizing block with the same height as the machine tool 8), recording the tip as a zero point in the Y direction, carrying out zero alignment on a Y coordinate on the machine tool 8, and enabling the vertical direction to be the Y-axis direction. The cartesian coordinate system is thus established, and the origin of the spatial coordinates and the X, Y, Z coordinate axes can be determined from the data recorded by the machine tool 8.
S7, after determining a new coordinate system, the new spatial coordinate origin (0, 0, 0) in this embodiment is the design zero point of the design drawing, the machine tool 8 moves at the position shown in fig. 6-8 (the overall structure schematic diagram is shown in fig. 10 and fig. 11), the dial indicator 9 measures the plane data to be measured on the surface of the workpiece to be measured, the difference between the actually measured data and the design drawing data can be obtained by comparing the actually measured plane data with the corresponding plane data on the design drawing, and the repairing scheme is designed according to the difference.
The method aims to establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system outside a special-shaped part by using a special-shaped part detection tool under the condition of digital detection equipment such as a dial indicator 9 or a dial indicator and a machine tool 8, and the like, and transfer the spatial rectangular coordinate system to a coordinate origin of a design drawing, wherein the dial indicator 9 or the dial indicator does not need to move in the whole process, the use is convenient, and data is measured according to the established rectangular coordinate system subsequently, so that the method belongs to the prior art and does not belong to the creation range of the invention.
The following description will be made about the detection process, since the flatness of a1-a6 needs to be detected during the detection process of the continuous casting segment frame, regardless of the Z value of the rectangular coordinate system, only the measurement of the center point X and the Y value is performed, and during the measurement process, the actual value Y is first detected according to the theoretical value X, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 center point values for planes A1-A6
After coordinates of center points of planes A1-A6 are measured, the X axis of a machine tool 8 is adjusted according to the inclination angles of planes A1-A6 of design drawings, the X axis of the machine tool 8 is enabled to be parallel to the plane A1 of the design drawings, then a dial indicator 9 is enabled to reciprocate on the plane A1 along the X axis direction, the flatness of the plane can be obtained according to the change degree of a dial indicator in the movement process of the dial indicator 9, the measurement of the planes A2-A6 is sequentially carried out according to the mode, the flatness measurement of the planes A1-A6 is completed, and specific results are as shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 flatness A1-A6
And (4) according to the measured planeness of each plane, making the next measure. The flatness measurement process may be performed by other methods.
Example 5
The present embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 4, except that the arc piece 5 of the special-shaped piece detection tool is an arc-shaped protrusion as described in embodiment 2, and the specific steps are as follows:
s1, placing a horizontal reference (reference A in figure 4, the reference A in this embodiment is a design reference surface in a design drawing, and the design reference surface coincides with the horizontal reference surface) of a continuous casting segment frame on a sizing block of a machine tool 8 (the reference A should be machined horizontally in a newly manufactured segment frame), detecting whether the reference A of the segment frame meets the requirement of an operation maintenance manual (namely the requirement which should be met by actual operation) or the requirement of the design drawing by using a feeler gauge (the reference A is used as the horizontal reference in the detection process, the four points of the reference A placed on the sizing block are required to be coplanar, the reference A can be regarded as the horizontal reference, the reference A is placed on the sizing block in the use or detection process, the reference A is coplanar and is likely to be coplanar but not coplanar due to stress deformation, at this time, the shim with known thickness is required to be used for tamping leveling, or the A datum is machined horizontally, and the A datum is designed to be used for placing the fan-shaped section frame on the detection equipment at the beginning, so that the subsequent use is not influenced even if the fan-shaped section frame is machined and the corresponding gasket is used for complementing the machining removal amount), and the fan-shaped section frame is straightened according to the side vertical datum of the fan-shaped section frame, and the correction process of the machine tool 8 is completed. In the process of correcting the machine tool 8, the embodiment selects a proper reference a as a horizontal reference only for a specific sector frame, and in the actual detection process, the horizontal reference is the equal-height sizing block of the machine tool 8, which is convenient for subsequent detection.
S2, selecting or processing an initial detection surface on the workpiece to be detected, and manufacturing a special-shaped part detection tool according to the initial detection surface; as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a sector frame is detected, a point a7 on a design drawing of the sector frame is a coordinate origin, but a point a7 is located at a spatial center of the sector frame, specific information of the point cannot be obtained, a rectangular coordinate system test cannot be performed to obtain used state data, and the original design drawing size of the sector frame and the used state data are compared. So a new rectangular coordinate system is established. An initial detection surface is required to be selected, and the special-shaped part detection tool is manufactured according to the initial detection surface. In the process of selecting the initial detection surface, an existing plane parallel to the horizontal reference is generally selected, or a surface parallel to the horizontal reference is machined on the non-working surface of the special-shaped piece. In the six surfaces a1-a6 in fig. 4 in this embodiment, the surface A3 and the surface a4 are both surfaces parallel to the reference a (because the two selected surfaces in this embodiment are coplanar and need to be repaired by build-up welding subsequently, the use of the device is not affected even if the surfaces are not parallel to the horizontal reference), and after the initial detection surface is selected, if the surface is not horizontal, the initial detection surface can be processed to be horizontal with reference to the horizontal reference. The surfaces a1, a2, a5 and a6 are all surfaces with a certain inclination angle and are surfaces which need to be detected subsequently. The special-shaped part detection tool is manufactured according to the special-shaped part initial detection surface, the clamping structure of the tool positioning surface 6 is mainly changed, and the clamping of the tool and the initial detection surface is the prior art.
S3, the special-shaped piece detection tool shown in the embodiment 2 is clamped on the A3 surface and the A4 surface in the picture 4, the groove of the tool positioning surface 6 is clamped on the A3 surface A4 to protrude to form a clamping structure, and then the pin penetrates through the positioning hole 7 to stabilize the clamping relation between the special-shaped piece detection tool and the initial detection surface, so that the tool cannot move in the using process. The dial indicator 9 is arranged on the machine tool 8, the dial indicator can also be applied to the machine tool 8 in the same way, and the dial indicator 9 or the dial indicator arranged on the machine tool 8 does not move any more in the subsequent use process. In this embodiment, the A3 surface and the a4 surface are not changed, and as in the design drawing, if the change occurs, milling processing can be performed, the height data of the initial detection surface can be moved by the detection device to obtain the distance between the initial detection surface and the horizontal plane (which can be obtained by the Y coordinate difference of the detection device), and since the distance between the design zero point and the horizontal plane is known, the distance between the initial detection surface and the design zero point can be obtained.
S4, controlling the machine tool 8 to drive the dial indicator 9 to move on the circular arc-shaped bulge of the first detection block 1 of the special-shaped part detection tool (the dial indicator 9 does not rotate in the moving process, the moving direction is the X-axis direction), the circular arc-shaped bulge is arranged in the middle of the first detection block 1, calculation is convenient, when the measuring rod reaches the minimum elongation of the dial indicator 9, the machine tool 8 records the position data of the point, the position data are recorded as the zero point in the X direction, and the X coordinate on the machine tool 8 is subjected to zero alignment. The dial indicator 9 of this embodiment is located directly above the symmetrical plane of the circular arc member 5 (the dial indicator 9 and the vertical plane have a certain included angle therebetween, which does not affect the measurement), and the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 has the smallest extension amount (the largest compression amount), and reaches the highest point of the circular arc protrusion of the first detecting block 1.
S5, controlling the machine tool 8 to drive the dial indicator 9 to move on the arc-shaped bulge of the second detection block 2 of the special-shaped part detection tool (the moving direction is the Z-axis direction), when the pointer of the dial indicator 9 points to the maximum, the elongation of the measuring rod of the dial indicator 9 is minimum, the measuring head position of the dial indicator 9 is the highest point of the arc-shaped bulge at the moment, recording the position data of the point by the machine tool 8 as the zero point of the Z direction, and carrying out zero alignment on the Z coordinate on the machine tool 8 (the zero alignment of the Z coordinate is basically equal to the zero alignment of the X coordinate), so that the zero point on the X, Z-axis direction and the corresponding axis is obtained, namely, a plane rectangular coordinate system is already established, and a Y axis perpendicular to the plane rectangular coordinate system is also needed.
S6, controlling the machine tool 8 to move the dial indicator 9 to enable the tip of the measuring rod to be located on a horizontal reference surface (the embodiment is the position of the sizing block with the same height as the machine tool 8), recording the tip as a zero point in the Y direction, carrying out zero alignment on a Y coordinate on the machine tool 8, and enabling the vertical direction to be the Y-axis direction. The cartesian coordinate system is thus established, and the origin of the spatial coordinates and the X, Y, Z coordinate axes can be determined from the data recorded by the machine tool 8.
S7, after determining a new coordinate system, the new spatial coordinate origin (0, 0, 0) in this embodiment is the design zero point of the design drawing, the machine tool 8 moves on the workpiece to be measured, the dial indicator 9 measures the plane data to be measured on the surface of the workpiece to be measured, the difference between the actually measured plane data and the design drawing data can be obtained by comparing the actually measured plane data with the corresponding plane data on the design drawing, and the repairing scheme is designed according to the difference.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a dysmorphism detects frock, its characterized in that detects piece (2) including first detection piece (1) and second, first detection piece (1) is met with second detection piece (2) is perpendicular, is provided with first working face (3) on first detection piece (1), the second is provided with second working face (4) on detecting piece (2), be provided with circular arc piece (5) on first working face (3) and second working face (4) respectively.
2. A profile detection tool according to claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped part (5) is an arc-shaped groove or an arc-shaped protrusion.
3. The special-shaped piece detection tool according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first detection blocks (1) is two, the number of the second detection blocks (2) is one, the first detection blocks (1) are respectively arranged at two ends of the second detection blocks (2), and the special-shaped piece detection tool is I-shaped as a whole.
4. A profile detection tool according to claim 1, wherein a positioning surface (6) is arranged on the adjacent surface or the opposite surface of the first working surface (3) on the first detection block (1), and a clamping structure is arranged on the positioning surface (6).
5. The profile detection tool according to claim 1, wherein the engaging structure is a positioning groove.
6. A profile detection tool according to claim 1, wherein the first detection block (1) or the second detection block (2) is provided with a positioning hole (7).
7. A special-shaped piece detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, placing the workpiece to be detected on detection equipment, correcting the horizontal reference plane, and enabling a design reference plane of the workpiece to be detected to be coincident with or parallel to the horizontal reference plane;
s2, selecting or processing an initial detection surface on the workpiece to be detected, and manufacturing a special-shaped part detection tool according to the initial detection surface;
s3, clamping and fixing the special-shaped part detection tool on the initial detection surface, and mounting a dial indicator (9) or a dial indicator on the detection equipment;
s4, controlling the detection equipment to drive the dial indicator (9) or the dial indicator to move on the arc piece (5) of the first detection block (1) of the special-shaped piece detection tool, recording position data of the dial indicator (9) or the dial indicator by the detection equipment when the measuring rod reaches the maximum elongation or the minimum elongation, recording the position data as zero point in the X direction, and aligning the X coordinate of the detection equipment to zero;
s5, controlling the detection equipment to drive the dial indicator (9) or the dial indicator to move on the arc piece (5) of the second detection block (2) of the special-shaped piece detection tool, and recording position data of the dial indicator (9) or the dial indicator by the detection equipment when the measuring rod reaches the maximum elongation or the minimum elongation as Z-direction zero point and detecting the Z coordinate of the detection equipment to zero;
s6, controlling the detection equipment to move to a horizontal reference surface, recording as a zero point in the Y direction, and aligning the Y coordinate of the detection equipment to zero to obtain a new space coordinate origin (0, 0, 0);
and S7, moving the detection equipment according to the new space coordinate origin (0, 0, 0), measuring the plane data to be measured on the surface of the workpiece to be measured by the dial indicator (9) or the dial indicator, comparing the measured value with the design value of the drawing, and analyzing the deviation.
8. The profile detection method according to claim 7, wherein: the detection equipment comprises one of a machine tool (8), a coordinate measuring instrument or a laser tracker.
9. The profile detection method according to claim 7, wherein: in the step S1, the horizontal reference is corrected, the design drawing of the workpiece to be detected is checked, one design reference plane in the design drawing is selected to coincide with or be parallel to the horizontal reference plane, the distance between the design reference plane and the horizontal reference plane is known, and four points on the horizontal reference plane are selected to be placed on the equal-height sizing blocks of the detection device, so that the four points are coplanar.
10. The profile detection method according to claim 7, wherein: in the step S2, the initial detection surface should be a horizontal surface or a non-use surface corrected by the horizontal reference surface of the workpiece to be detected, and the initial detection surface is parallel to or perpendicular to the horizontal reference surface.
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| CN201911201414.XA CN110779417A (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Special-shaped part detection tool and detection method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111750760A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-10-09 | 中国航发北京航科发动机控制系统科技有限公司 | Device and method for measuring arc size |
| CN113102811A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-13 | 中钢集团西安重机有限公司 | Machining and measuring method for continuous casting fan-shaped section frame space hole |
| CN115556096A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-01-03 | 广州市阳普机电工程有限公司 | Automatic calibration method for joint zero point of multi-axis robot and robot |
-
2019
- 2019-11-29 CN CN201911201414.XA patent/CN110779417A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111750760A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-10-09 | 中国航发北京航科发动机控制系统科技有限公司 | Device and method for measuring arc size |
| CN113102811A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-13 | 中钢集团西安重机有限公司 | Machining and measuring method for continuous casting fan-shaped section frame space hole |
| CN113102811B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-05-10 | 中钢集团西安重机有限公司 | Machining and measuring method for continuous casting fan-shaped section frame space hole |
| CN115556096A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-01-03 | 广州市阳普机电工程有限公司 | Automatic calibration method for joint zero point of multi-axis robot and robot |
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