CN110777525B - Novel efficient desizing agent for chemical fiber fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel efficient desizing agent for chemical fiber fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
- D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
- D06L1/14—De-sizing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-35% of cationic surfactant; 10-35% of nonionic surfactant; 1-5% of penetrant; 7-16% of desizing agent; 2-6% of a chelating dispersant; 1-2.5% of bacteriostatic agent; 1-2.5% of pH regulator and the balance of water; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a penetrating agent and a chelating dispersant, adding water of 1/3-1/2, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a solution A; (2) mixing the desizing agent with the rest water, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding the bacteriostatic agent and the pH regulator, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a solution A; (3) and slowly adding the solution A into the solution B, and stirring to obtain the water-soluble organic silicon dioxide. The desizing agent has wide application range, good desizing and oil removing effects, no damage to fabrics, and good emulsifying, dispersing, permeating and refining effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries, and particularly relates to a novel efficient desizing agent for chemical fiber fabrics and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the manufacturing of fabrics, warp yarns are repeatedly subjected to the action of friction and tension in the weaving process to cause fuzzing and yarn breakage of the yarns, and in order to improve the wear resistance of the yarns and improve the weavability of the yarns, the weaving process is smoothly performed, and the warp yarns are generally subjected to sizing treatment before the manufacturing. However, the size affects the wettability of the fabric during the dyeing and finishing process, prevents chemicals from contacting the fibers, and directly affects the quality of the printing and dyeing process, so desizing must be performed before printing and dyeing.
The methods for desizing various fabrics vary depending on the size used for slashing, and the following four methods are commonly used:
hot water desizing method: after the fabric is padded with hot water, the fabric is kept warm and piled in a desizing pool for more than ten hours, so that the size is swelled and is easy to wash away with water. The method has good desizing effect on the fabrics taking water-soluble sodium alginate, cellulose derivatives and the like as sizing agents. For the fabric which is sized by starch, the fabric is piled for a long time at the temperature of 25-40 ℃, and is allowed to naturally ferment and degrade, and the desizing effect can also be obtained.
Alkali liquor desizing method: the starch can be swelled under the action of sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) solution, the polyacrylic acid polymer is easy to dissolve in alkali liquor, and excess high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution can be used as a desizing agent, and the concentration is usually 10-20 g/L. After the fabric is padded with alkali liquor, the fabric is piled up for 6 to 12 hours at the temperature of between 60 and 80 ℃; the cotton fabric may be further desized with alkali or acid, and the process includes alkali solution desizing, water washing, padding with 4-6g/L dilute sulfuric acid for several hr to promote the hydrolysis of starch and eliminate inorganic salt impurity in cotton fiber.
③ enzyme desizing method: the method is mainly used for decomposing starch size on the fabric, and has high desizing efficiency. Amylase is a biochemical catalyst, commonly used are pancreatic amylase and bacterial amylase. The two enzymes are both alpha-amylase, which can promote the break of the glycoside bond of starch long-chain molecule to generate dextrin and maltose, so that the starch is easy to wash off from the fabric. Amylase desizing liquid is preferably near neutral, and sodium chloride, calcium chloride and the like are usually added as activators in use to improve the activity of the amylase. After the fabric is padded with amylase liquid, the fabric is piled up for 1 to 2 hours at the temperature of between 40 and 50 ℃ so that the starch can be fully hydrolyzed. The bacterial amylase is more heat-resistant than the amylopsin, so that a rapid process of steaming for 3-5 minutes can be adopted after the fabric is padded with the enzyme solution, and conditions are created for a continuous desizing process.
Oxidizing agent desizing method: a variety of oxidizing agents are suitable. The fabric is padded in hydrogen peroxide alkaline solution with the concentration of 3-5g/L, and then is steamed for 2-3 minutes, so that the starch and the polyvinyl alcohol can be promoted to be degraded, and meanwhile, the fabric has a certain bleaching effect. When sodium bromite is used for desizing, the fabric is padded by a sodium bromite solution with the pH of 9.5-10.5 and the effective bromine concentration of 0.5-1.5g/L and piled for about 20 minutes at normal temperature, and the fabric has good desizing effect on the fabric sized by carboxymethyl cellulose, starch or polyvinyl alcohol. Ammonium or potassium persulfate salts also have good desizing action but tend to embrittle the cellulose fibers.
CN103422337A discloses a composite desizing aid, which comprises, by weight, 20-25 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 10-18 parts of silicate, 5-7 parts of chelating dispersant and 6-10 parts of sodium salt, wherein the chelating agent is combined with the hydroxypropyl acrylate, the silicate and the like, so that metal ions generated in the desizing process can be consumed, and the formation of precipitates can be avoided; pectin in the desized liquid can also be removed. The desizing rate and the capillary effect of the fabric are improved, and the fabric has a good treatment effect.
CN108505318A discloses a novel desizing agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the desizing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium hydroxide: 2-8, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether: 15-20, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride: 5-10, glyceryl cocoate: 5-10, coconut acid monoisopropanolamide: 2-7, isocetyl stearate: 6-12, polydimethylsiloxane: 1-3, sodium laurate: 2-6, ethylene glycol: 4-8, polyvinylpyrrolidone: 1-4, ammonium persulfate: 2-6, potassium chloride: 1-4, nano zinc oxide: 1-4, ethylhexyl palmitate: 2-5, propanol: 8-15, water: 25-35, the desizing rate of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the invention is more than 96.1%, the treated fabric has high capillary effect, good hand feeling, good whiteness and good hydrogen peroxide resistance stability, and the damage of hydrogen peroxide to the fabric can be reduced.
Along with people's standard of living constantly improves, requirement and the required quality to the fabrics are also higher and higher, however desizing agent ubiquitous function singleness among the prior art, and application range receives the great scheduling problem of influence of temperature and pH, and simultaneously, in the chemical fiber fabric pretreatment process, the desizing often appears unevenly, thick liquids are anti-stained with, the deoiling is uneven, thereby produce the thick liquid spot in the processing such as leading to follow-up dyeing, the dyeing is colored flower, the cloth cover dyeing is uneven, the quality of fabrics has seriously been influenced, therefore, need urgently to provide a novel high-efficient desizing agent of chemical fiber fabric.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a novel chemical fiber fabric efficient desizing agent which has the advantages of wide application range, good desizing and oil removing effects, no damage to fabrics and good emulsifying, dispersing, penetrating and refining effects and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a novel chemical fiber fabric efficient desizing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
10-35% of cationic surfactant;
10-35% of nonionic surfactant;
1-5% of a penetrating agent;
7-16% of desizing agent;
2-6% of a chelating dispersant;
1-2.5% of bacteriostatic agent;
1-2.5% of pH regulator;
and the balance water.
Preferably, the chelating dispersant is a combination of a polyphosphate complex and a cyclodextrin; further preferably, the mass ratio of the polyphosphate complex to the cyclodextrin is 2-6: 1.
Preferably, the cationic surfactant is a combination of dodecylpyridine chloride and sodium lauryl sulfate; further preferably, the mass ratio of the dodecyl pyridine chloride to the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 1: 3-5.
Preferably, the nonionic surfactant is a combination of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether, polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether and alkyl glycoside; further preferably, the mass ratio of the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether, the polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether and the alkyl glycoside is 1:1: 2-5.
Preferably, the penetrant is sodium di-sec-octyl maleate sulfonate.
Preferably, the pH adjusting agent is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the bacteriostatic agent is a quaternary ammonium salt bacteriostatic agent.
Preferably, the desizing agent is soda ash.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a penetrating agent and a chelating dispersant in a formula amount, adding water in a formula amount of 1/3-1/2, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-20min to obtain a solution A;
(2) mixing the desizing agent with the rest amount of water, ultrasonically dispersing for 8-15min, adding the bacteriostatic agent and the pH regulator with the amount of the formula, and ultrasonically dispersing for 2-5min to obtain a solution B;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solution A obtained in the step (1) into the solution B obtained in the step (2), and stirring to obtain the efficient composite desizing agent.
Preferably, the conditions of the ultrasonic dispersion in step (1) and step (2) are as follows: frequency 20kHz and temperature 20-35 ℃.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring in the step (3) is 250r/min, and the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent is obtained after stirring for 30 min.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the novel chemical fiber fabric efficient desizing agent has excellent removal effect on various sizing agents on fabrics, and avoids the dyeing problem caused by incomplete desizing;
(2) the dispersing agent has excellent dispersing performance, can effectively avoid the back staining of the pulp fabric, and reduces the risk of staining the fabric due to the coagulation of the pulp in the working solution;
(3) the oil removing effect is good, and the problems of color flowers, strip flowers and the like caused by incomplete oil removal of the fabric can be effectively avoided;
(4) the wetting and penetrating functions are excellent, and the serosa can be well wetted and quickly penetrated;
(5) the application range is wide, and the use is effective under the conditions of different pH values;
(6) is environment-friendly, has good biodegradability and does not contain APEO.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments is only intended to aid in the understanding of the method of the invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The following description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods and materials are now described.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The invention does not limit the source of the raw materials, and can be used as common commercial products.
Basic embodiment
A novel chemical fiber fabric efficient desizing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
10-35% of cationic surfactant;
10-35% of nonionic surfactant;
1-5% of a penetrating agent;
7-16% of desizing agent;
2-6% of a chelating dispersant;
1-2.5% of bacteriostatic agent;
1-2.5% of pH regulator;
and the balance water;
the chelating dispersant is polyphosphate complex and cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 2-6: 1.
The cationic surfactant is dodecyl pyridine chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in a mass ratio of 1: 3-5;
the nonionic surfactant is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether, polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether and alkyl glycoside with the mass ratio of 1:1: 2-5;
the penetrating agent is sodium di-sec-octyl maleate sulfonate;
the pH regulator is potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
the bacteriostatic agent is quaternary ammonium salt bacteriostatic agent;
the desizing agent is soda ash.
The preparation method of the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a penetrating agent and a chelating dispersant in a formula amount, adding water in a formula amount of 1/3-1/2, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-20min under the conditions that the frequency is 20-25kHz and the temperature is 20-35 ℃ to obtain a solution A;
(2) mixing the desizing agent with the rest amount of water, ultrasonically dispersing for 8-15min at the frequency of 20-25kHz and the temperature of 20-35 ℃, adding the bacteriostatic agent and the pH regulator with the amount of the formula, and ultrasonically dispersing for 2-5min to obtain a solution B;
(3) slowly adding the solution A obtained in the step (1) into the solution B obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 15-28min under the condition that the rotating speed is 200-250r/min to obtain the chemical fiber fabric desizing agent.
Table 1 table of raw material components of examples 1 to 6
The preparation method of examples 1 to 6 was: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a penetrating agent and a chelating dispersant in a formula amount, adding water in a formula amount of 1/3-1/2, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-20min under the conditions that the frequency is 20-25kHz and the temperature is 20-35 ℃ to obtain a solution A;
(2) mixing the desizing agent with the rest amount of water, ultrasonically dispersing for 8-15min at the frequency of 20-25kHz and the temperature of 20-35 ℃, adding the bacteriostatic agent and the pH regulator with the amount of the formula, and ultrasonically dispersing for 2-5min to obtain a solution B;
(3) slowly adding the solution A obtained in the step (1) into the solution B obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 15-28min under the condition that the rotating speed is 200-250r/min to obtain the novel chemical fiber fabric efficient desizing agent.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is different from example 6 in that the cationic surfactant is dodecylpyridinium chloride and sodium lauryl sulfate in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 1 is different from example 6 in that the cationic surfactant is dodecylpyridine chloride and sodium lauryl sulfate in a mass ratio of 1: 6.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example 1 is different from example 6 in that the nonionic surfactants are polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether and polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether at a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Comparative example 4
The difference between the comparative example 1 and the example 6 is that the non-ionic surfactant is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 1:6 polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether and alkyl glycoside.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example 1 differs from example 6 in that the chelating dispersant does not contain cyclodextrin.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example 1 differs from example 6 in that the polyphosphate complex/cyclodextrin mass ratio is 1: 1.
Comparative example 7
This comparative example differs from example 6 in that: mixing the cationic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant, the penetrating agent, the chelating dispersant, the desizing agent, the bacteriostatic agent and the pH regulator according to the formula amount, adding the water according to the formula amount, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 40min under the conditions of the frequency of 30kHz and the temperature of 33 ℃.
Comparative example 8
CN103422337A, example 1 discloses a composite desizing assistant.
Comparative example 9
CN108505318A, example 5 discloses a novel desizing agent.
Experimental example 1 desizing Effect test
1. Desizing effect research on starch and polyacrylic acid sizing agent
Putting 20 × 16/128 × 60 all-cotton twill grey cloth and polyester grey cloth into working solution, wherein the working solution contains 2g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1g/L of hydrogen peroxide (100%) and 1g/L of desizing agent, and the desizing bath ratio is 1: 10, treating at 80 ℃ for 30min, washing at 65 ℃ for 2 times after the treatment is finished, and drying to obtain the desized fabric. The desizing rate is determined by referring to dyeing and finishing process test course, and GB/T3923.1-1997 part 1 of tensile property of textile fabrics: bar method for determination of breaking strength and elongation at break "(wherein 3 measurements of the sample are averaged) the results are shown in tables 2-3.
TABLE 2 starch size test Properties (20X 16/128X 60 cotton twill greige)
| Desizing rate% | Fabric breaking strength (N/m) | |
| Example 1 | 95.8 | 657 |
| Example 2 | 96.1 | 655 |
| Example 3 | 96.9 | 654 |
| Example 4 | 98.7 | 660 |
| Example 5 | 96.4 | 651 |
| Example 6 | 99.8 | 668 |
| Comparative example 1 | 73.2 | 636 |
| Comparative example 2 | 71.2 | 632 |
| Comparative example 3 | 65.2 | 627 |
| Comparative example 4 | 64.8 | 609 |
| Comparative example 5 | 62.3 | 629 |
| Comparative example 6 | 74.8 | 634 |
| Comparative example 7 | 76.5 | 638 |
| Comparative example 8 | 60.4 | 607 |
| Comparative example 9 | 66.4 | 623 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the desizing rate of the fabric treated by the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent is higher than 95.8-99.8%, the breaking strength of the fabric is higher than 651-668N/m, and the desizing rate and breaking strength of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the comparative example are obviously lower than those of the present invention, so that the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent provided by the present invention has high desizing rate to starch-based sizing agents, and the desized fabric has high strength and does not damage the fabric. Meanwhile, as can be seen from the examples 4 and 6, the novel efficient desizing agent for the chemical fiber fabrics, which is prepared when the mass ratio of the chelating dispersant to the desizing agent is 3.6:1, has a good desizing effect.
TABLE 3 acrylic size test Properties (Terylene Grey Fabric)
| Desizing rate% | Fabric breaking strength (N/m) | |
| Example 1 | 97.1 | 856 |
| Example 2 | 97.5 | 859 |
| Example 3 | 98.5 | 860 |
| Example 4 | 99.0 | 863 |
| Example 5 | 98.2 | 861 |
| Example 6 | 99.9 | 867 |
| Comparative example 1 | 69.5 | 845 |
| Comparative example 2 | 68.4 | 844 |
| Comparative example 3 | 60.4 | 843 |
| Comparative example 4 | 59.2 | 842 |
| Comparative example 5 | 72.1 | 843 |
| Comparative example 6 | 74.4 | 848 |
| Comparative example 7 | 76.8 | 839 |
| Comparative example 8 | 50.2 | 840 |
| Comparative example 9 | 56.4 | 841 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the desizing rate of the fabric treated by the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent is higher than 97.1-99.9%, and the breaking strength of the fabric is higher than 856-867N/m, while the desizing rate and the breaking strength of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the comparative example are obviously lower than those of the invention, so that the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent provided by the invention has high desizing rate to acrylic sizing agent, and the desized fabric has high strength and does not damage the fabric. Meanwhile, as can be seen from the examples 4 and 6, the novel efficient desizing agent for the chemical fiber fabrics, which is prepared when the mass ratio of the chelating dispersant to the desizing agent is 3.6:1, has a good desizing effect.
In order to further verify the technical effect of the invention relative to the prior art, the removal effect of different desizing agents on the slurry under the conditions of different temperatures and pH values is investigated.
2. Starch size removal effect under different temperature conditions
Putting 20 multiplied by 16/128 multiplied by 60 all-cotton twill grey cloth into working solution, wherein the working solution contains 2g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1g/L of hydrogen peroxide (100%), and Xg/L of efficient chemical fabric desizing agent, and the desizing bath ratio is 1: 10, treating for 30-60min at different temperatures, washing for 2 times at 65 ℃ after the treatment is finished, and drying to obtain the desized fabric. As can be seen from Table 4, compared with the existing desizing agent, the novel efficient desizing agent for chemical fiber fabrics has a wider temperature range, and has excellent desizing effect under different temperature conditions.
TABLE 4 desizing Rate (%) of starch size at different temperatures
3. Removal of starch slurries at different pH
Putting 20 × 16/128 × 60 all-cotton twill grey cloth into working solution, wherein the working solution contains 1g/L of hydrogen peroxide (100%) and Xg/L of desizing agent, and the ratio of desizing bath to desizing bath is 1: 10, treating at 80 ℃ for 30min, washing for 2 times at 65 ℃ after the treatment is finished, and drying to obtain the desized fabric. As can be seen from Table 5, compared with the existing desizing agent, the novel efficient desizing agent for the chemical fiber fabrics has wider pH range and has excellent desizing effect under different pH conditions.
TABLE 5 desizing Rate (%)' of starch slurries at various pH conditions
Example 2 capillary test
Cutting a 20cm x2.5cm cloth sample on the desized fabric, controlling the temperature to be 15-20 ℃, testing for 30min, recording the climbing height of 0.2% potassium dichromate solution, if the climbing heights are uneven, taking the lowest point to record the capillary effect with the unit of cm, and grading the hand feeling, wherein the results are shown in the following table 6:
TABLE 6
| Index of cloth cover | Capillary effect cm/30min |
| Grey fabric (non desizing) | 0 |
| Example 1 | 7.4 |
| Example 2 | 7.5 |
| Example 3 | 7.8 |
| Example 4 | 7.9 |
| Example 5 | 7.6 |
| Example 6 | 8.0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 3.0 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1.9 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1.6 |
| Comparative example 5 | 4.8 |
| Comparative example 6 | 5.0 |
| Comparative example 7 | 5.2 |
| Comparative example 8 | 2.4 |
| Comparative example 9 | 3.0 |
From the above experimental results, it can be seen that: the refining capillary effect of the fabric treated by the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent provided by the invention is obviously better than that of a proportional desizing agent, and the technical effect of the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent provided by the invention on better refining capillary effect is shown.
Experimental example 3 Permeability test
The desizing agent solutions of the examples and the comparative examples were placed in a 100mL beaker by a canvas sedimentation method at a rate of 2g/L, wherein the diameter of the cloth piece was 30mm and the mass was 0.38 to 0.39g, the cloth piece for the sedimentation test was placed flat on the surface of the desizing agent solution, the counting was started by a stopwatch immediately after the cloth piece completely contacted the liquid surface and stopped when the cloth piece sedimented to the bottom of the cup, the wetting time of the cloth piece was recorded, five parallel tests were performed, the average value was recorded, the smaller the value was, the stronger the permeability was, and the test results were shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 penetration test results
| Permeability s | |
| Example 1 | 41 |
| Example 2 | 39 |
| Example 3 | 38 |
| Example 4 | 32 |
| Example 5 | 36 |
| Example 6 | 29 |
| Comparative example 1 | 93 |
| Comparative example 2 | 90 |
| Comparative example 3 | 94 |
| Comparative example 4 | 96 |
| Comparative example 5 | 101 |
| Comparative example 6 | 86 |
| Comparative example 7 | 84 |
| Comparative example 8 | 112 |
| Comparative example 9 | 105 |
From the above experimental results, it can be seen that: the permeability of the fabric treated by the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent provided by the invention is good, only 29-41s, and the permeability provided by the comparative example is lower than that provided by the invention, thus the permeability of the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent provided by the invention is good.
Experimental example 4 degreasing rate
Firstly, drying the nylon ammonia gray fabric to constant weight, and weighing the nylon ammonia gray fabric, and testing the oil content W0 of the nylon ammonia gray fabric by using a tetrachloroethylene extraction method. Then, the nylon/polyurethane cloth dried to constant weight with the same weight is subjected to dipping treatment (98 ℃ for 30min, bath ratio of 1:20) by using different desizing agents, and the treated fabric is washed and dried, and then is subjected to tetrachloroethylene extraction treatment to test the oil content W1 of each fabric.
Degreasing and deoiling rate (W) 0 -W 1 )÷W 0 X 100%, the higher the degreasing rate, the better the degreasing effect of the desizing agent.
TABLE 8 degreasing and deoiling rates
| Degreasing oil removal rate/%) | |
| Example 1 | 80.5 |
| Example 2 | 81.9 |
| Example 3 | 84.3 |
| Example 4 | 82.1 |
| Example 5 | 81.8 |
| Example 6 | 85.1 |
| Comparative example 1 | 65.4 |
| Comparative example 2 | 64.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 62.2 |
| Comparative example 4 | 61.4 |
| Comparative example 7 | 62.2 |
| Comparative example 8 | 60.8 |
| Comparative example 9 | 61.7 |
From the above experimental results, it can be seen that: compared with the prior art, the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent provided by the invention has a good oil removing effect, and meanwhile, the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 6 find that the oil removing effect of the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent is good when the mass ratio of the cationic surfactant to the nonionic surfactant is 0.72.
Experimental example 5 dispersibility test
5mL of sodium oleate solution with the concentration of 5g/L is taken and placed in a measuring cylinder, the aqueous solution of the desizing agent with the concentration of 2.5g/L in examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-9 is respectively added, then 10mL of 1g/L calcium carbonate hard water is added, 30mL of distilled water is added, the shaking is carried out for 20 times, the dispersion condition is observed, if the flocculation precipitation exists, the dosage of the dispersing agent is insufficient, the aqueous solution of the desizing agent is continuously added, the operation is repeated until the solution is in a semitransparent state, and no large flocculate exists, namely the end point. The volume of solution added, V (mL), was recorded, and the dispersion index was given by the following formula:
the dispersion index LSDP ═ [ (V × 2.5)/(5 × 5) ] × 100%, and the smaller the dispersion index, the better the dispersibility, and the test results are shown in table 9.
TABLE 9 Dispersion index test results
As can be seen from Table 9, the dispersion index of the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent is 9.6-10.8, which is obviously lower than that of the comparative example of 12.5-19.6, and the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent has better dispersion performance. Meanwhile, the examples 4 and 6 show that when the mass ratio of the polyphosphate complex compound to the cyclodextrin is 4:1 and the mass ratio of the chelating dispersant to the desizing agent is 3.6:1, the novel chemical fiber fabric efficient desizing agent has better dispersing performance.
Experimental example 6 emulsification force test
Weighing 0.5g of sample in a 100ml measuring cylinder with a plug, adding 20ml of distilled water and 20ml of liquid paraffin, and keeping the temperature at normal temperature for 5 min; after shaking vigorously for 10 times and standing for one minute, the shaking process was repeated 5 times and the time was counted, and the time taken for the water level to reach 15ml of the stoppered cylinder was recorded. The longer the time taken, the better the emulsifying power representing the sample.
TABLE 10 emulsifying power
As can be seen from Table 10, the novel efficient desizing agent for chemical fiber fabrics of the present invention has good emulsifying properties. Meanwhile, the examples 3 and 6 show that the novel chemical fiber fabric high-efficiency desizing agent has better emulsifying property when the mass ratio of the cationic surfactant to the nonionic surfactant is 0.72.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The chemical fiber fabric desizing agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
10-35% of cationic surfactant;
10-35% of nonionic surfactant;
1-5% of a penetrating agent;
7-16% of desizing agent;
2-6% of a chelating dispersant;
1-2.5% of bacteriostatic agent;
1-2.5% of pH regulator;
and the balance water;
the chelating dispersant is a combination of a polyphosphate complex and cyclodextrin; the mass ratio of the polyphosphate complex to the cyclodextrin is 2-6: 1;
the mass ratio of the chelating dispersant to the desizing agent is 1:3.6;
the cationic surfactant is a combination of dodecyl pyridine chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate; the mass ratio of the chlorinated dodecyl pyridine to the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 1: 3-5;
the nonionic surfactant is a combination of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether, polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether and alkyl glycoside; the mass ratio of the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether, the polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether and the alkyl glycoside is 1:1: 2-5;
the desizing agent is sodium carbonate;
the chemical fiber fabric desizing agent is suitable for the desizing process of polyacrylic acid sizing agent.
2. A method for preparing the desizing agent for the chemical fiber fabrics of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a penetrating agent and a chelating dispersant according to the formula amount, adding water according to the formula amount of 1/3-1/2, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-20min to obtain a solution A;
(2) mixing the desizing agent with the rest amount of water, ultrasonically dispersing for 8-15min, adding the bacteriostatic agent and the pH regulator with the amount of the formula, and ultrasonically dispersing for 2-5min to obtain a solution B;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solution A obtained in the step (1) into the solution B obtained in the step (2), and stirring to obtain the chemical fiber fabric desizing agent.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the conditions of the ultrasonic dispersion in the steps (1) and (2) are: the frequency is 20-25kHz, and the temperature is 20-35 ℃.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotation speed of the stirring in step (3) is 200-250r/min for 15-28min, thereby obtaining the desizing agent for chemical fiber fabrics.
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