CN108505318B - Desizing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Desizing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108505318B CN108505318B CN201810246271.3A CN201810246271A CN108505318B CN 108505318 B CN108505318 B CN 108505318B CN 201810246271 A CN201810246271 A CN 201810246271A CN 108505318 B CN108505318 B CN 108505318B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
- D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
- D06L1/14—De-sizing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic System
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic System; Zincates; Cadmates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
- D06M13/2243—Mono-, di-, or triglycerides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
- D06M13/463—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from monoamines
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/356—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/53—Polyethers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/50—Modified hand or grip properties; Softening compositions
Abstract
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a desizing agent which has the advantages of good desizing effect, small damage to fabrics, good capillary effect, good hand feeling and good whiteness of the treated fabrics, good permeability and dispersibility and refining effect. The invention provides a desizing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium hydroxide: 2-8, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether: 15-20, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride: 5-10, glyceryl cocoate: 5-10, coconut mono-isopropanolamide: 2-7, isocetyl stearate: 6-12, polydimethylsiloxane: 1-3, sodium laurate: 2-6, ethylene glycol: 4-8, polyvinylpyrrolidone: 1-4, ammonium persulfate: 2-6, potassium chloride: 1-4, nano zinc oxide: 1-4, ethylhexyl palmitate: 2-5, propanol: 8-15, water: 25-35. The desizing rate of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the invention is more than 96.1%, and the fabric is not damaged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries, and particularly relates to a desizing agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the manufacturing of fabrics, warp yarns are repeatedly subjected to the action of friction and tension in the weaving process to cause fuzzing and yarn breakage of the yarns, and in order to improve the wear resistance of the yarns and improve the weavability of the yarns, the weaving process is smoothly performed, and the warp yarns are generally subjected to sizing treatment before the manufacturing. However, the presence of the sizing agent on the warp yarns brings troubles to the subsequent dyeing and finishing processing of the fabric, not only stains dyeing and finishing working solution, but also consumes dye, even hinders the contact of the dye and fibers, directly influences the quality of the printing and dyeing processing, and therefore desizing is required before printing and dyeing. Desizing is the basis of fabric pretreatment, and most of size on the original fabric must be removed for subsequent processing.
The common traditional desizing methods include alkaline, acid, enzyme and oxidant desizing. In the actual production process, alkaline oxidation and enzyme methods are mostly adopted in factories to desize cotton fabrics. The alkali desizing is widely used, has desizing effect on various sizing agents, can utilize mercerized or boiled waste alkali liquor, has low desizing cost, and can be washed away by hot water after starch and chemical pulp are violently swelled and the solubility is improved under the action of hot alkali. Its disadvantages are long stacking time and low productivity. The slurry does not play a chemical degradation role during alkali desizing, the viscosity of the aqueous solution in the hydrolysis tank is high, and the slurry easily stains fabrics again, so that the fabric needs to be fully washed after desizing. Under certain conditions, the dilute sulfuric acid can hydrolyze starch and other sizing agents to a certain degree into water-soluble products to be removed. However, cellulose is also hydrolyzed under acidic conditions, which damages cotton fibers, so that acid desizing is generally rarely used alone and needs to be combined with enzyme desizing and alkali desizing. Under the action of an oxidant, starch and other sizing agents can be oxidized and degraded until molecular chains are broken, the solubility is increased, and the sizing agents are removed through water washing. The oxidation method has the advantages that the pulp and natural impurities on the fabric are completely removed, but a large amount of water and chemical substances are consumed, the reaction temperature is high, the fabric is damaged and the color is faded, the alkali concentration in the discharged waste liquid is high, the COD value is high, and the environment is greatly polluted. Enzymes have a high degree of catalytic specificity. Although starch and cellulose are both high polymers of glucose, the molecular structures of the starch and the cellulose are very different, so that the starch can be catalyzed into a soluble state by selecting amylase with high catalytic specificity, and the starch is easy to wash away, namely, the aim of efficiently desizing the cellulose fiber is fulfilled without damaging the cellulose fiber. The enzyme desizing process is a great reform of the textile industry, but the enzyme treatment has limitations, high cost, high requirements on working condition parameters, strong enzyme specificity and heavy smell, and salt activation is also required, so that manufacturers adopting the enzyme desizing process are still few. The surfactant has outstanding emulsifying performance, so that the biodegradability is better than that of alkali, the cost is far lower than that of enzyme, the wetting, dispersing and cleaning effects of the surfactant are utilized to remove the slurry, and the mixture of the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant is generally adopted. When desizing, the wetting action of the surfactant is utilized to fully wet the slurry, then the slurry is quickly swelled and dissolved in water for removal. However, the existing desizing agents have many problems, such as single performance and poor desizing effect of conventional products.
Chinese patent 201010150287.8 discloses a desizing agent used in the production process of printing and dyeing pretreatment and a preparation method thereof, wherein the desizing agent consists of alkali metal oxide, alkali metal phosphoric acid, alkali metal silicate, alkali-resistant penetrating agent and water. The desizing agent has the advantages of convenient cleaning, low wastewater yield, little pollution and capability of reducing the printing and dyeing cost.
Chinese patent 2012103458721.2 discloses a desizing agent for synthetic fibers, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium hydroxide: 3-6, alkylphenol ethoxylates: 10-20, ethanol: 10-20, sodium hexametaphosphate: 1-3 parts, potassium chloride: 1-3, fatty alcohol: 10-20 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone: 5-8, methylcellulose: 1-3, water: 120-160. The desizing effect of the invention is good, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the preparation process is simple.
Chinese patent 201210348732.0 discloses a multifunctional oxidation desizing agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: potassium persulfate: 3-5, sodium bromite: 1-3, sodium fatty alcohol sulfate: 4-6, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether: 10-20, sodium dodecyl sulfate: 1-3, zinc stearate: 1-3, polyacrylic acid: 5-8, hydroxymethyl cellulose: 1-3, phosphorous acid: 3-6, water: 80-100. The desizing agent is suitable for various sizing agents, has high desizing efficiency, has a desizing effect on a plurality of mixed sizing agents, and has good stability on strong alkali bath.
Chinese patent 201210473380.1 discloses a fabric desizing agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: amylase: 10-20, sodium persulfate: 3-5, methylcellulose: 2-6, sodium hydroxide: 0.2-0.6, butyl acetate: 10-20, isopropanol: 20-40, dibutyl phthalate: 1-3, water: 100-160. The desizing agent can fully hydrolyze sizing agent, does not damage fabrics, can remove impurities on fibers, and can improve whiteness and water absorption of semi-finished products of the fabrics.
Although the invention discloses a plurality of fabric desizing agents, the performance of the product is single, and the wool effect and the hand feeling of the fabric treated by the desizing agent are not concerned, so that the desizing agent which has good desizing treatment effect, good wool effect and hand feeling of the treated fabric and refining and other effects is required to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a multifunctional fabric desizing agent which has the advantages of good desizing effect, small damage to fabrics, excellent capillary effect, handfeel and whiteness of the treated fabrics, refining, chelating and dispersing effects and the like.
On one hand, the invention provides a desizing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
preferably, the desizing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the average grain diameter of the nano-zinc oxide is 30-50 nm.
The water used in the present invention may be pure water or deionized water, unless otherwise specified.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above desizing agent, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) taking water accounting for 50-70% of the total amount of the formula amount of water, adding nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, glyceryl cocoate, coconut oil acid monoisopropanolamide, isocetyl stearate, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylhexyl palmitate and propanol according to the formula amount of water, and then carrying out ultrasonic dispersion at the ultrasonic dispersion frequency of 50KHZ for 30 minutes to obtain a solution A;
(2) heating the solution A obtained in the step (1) to 70-90 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, cooling to 30-50 ℃, and stirring at the rotation speed of 200-400r/min to obtain a solution B;
(3) stirring and dissolving the sodium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, ammonium persulfate, potassium chloride, nano zinc oxide and the rest water according to the formula amount at room temperature to obtain a solution C;
(4) adding the solution C obtained in the step (3) into the solution B obtained in the step (2) while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 200-400r/min, stirring for 30-60 minutes at 30-50 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the desizing agent.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the desizing agent, the heating temperature in the step (2) is 75-85 ℃.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the desizing agent, the cooling temperature in the step (2) is 35-45 ℃.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the desizing agent, the stirring temperature of the step (4) is 35-45 ℃.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the desizing agent, the stirring time of the step (4) is 40-50 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the desizing agent provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the desizing agent in the prior art has single action, only has desizing effect, and the treated fabric has poor capillary effect and hand feeling and can not meet the requirements of printing and dyeing processing. The desizing agent prepared by the invention has the advantages of good desizing effect, small damage to fabrics and high process safety.
(2) The fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the invention has the advantages of high capillary effect, good hand feeling, good whiteness and good hydrogen peroxide resistance stability, and the damage of hydrogen peroxide to the fabric can be reduced.
(3) The desizing agent provided by the invention has a refining effect, good permeability, good chelating dispersibility and strong hard water resistance, reduces the influence of water quality on the treatment effect, and well meets the market demand.
(4) The desizing agent provided by the invention has good alkali resistance stability and is safe to use.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments is only intended to aid in the understanding of the method of the invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The following description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1A desizing agent
The formula comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the average grain diameter of the nano-zinc oxide is 30 nm.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) taking water accounting for 50% of the total amount of the formula amount of water, adding nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, glyceryl cocoate, coconut oil monoisopropanolamide, isocetyl stearate, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylhexyl palmitate and propanol according to the formula amount, and then carrying out ultrasonic dispersion at the frequency of 50KHZ for 30 minutes to obtain a solution A;
(2) heating the solution A obtained in the step (1) to 70 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1 hour, cooling to 50 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 400r/min to obtain a solution B;
(3) stirring and dissolving the sodium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, ammonium persulfate, potassium chloride, nano zinc oxide and the rest water according to the formula amount at room temperature to obtain a solution C;
(4) and (3) adding the solution C obtained in the step (3) into the solution B obtained in the step (2) while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, stirring for 30 minutes at 50 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the desizing agent.
Example 2A desizing agent
The formula comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the average grain diameter of the nano zinc oxide is 50 nm.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) taking water accounting for 70% of the total amount of the formula water, adding nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, glyceryl cocoate, coconut oil monoisopropanolamide, isocetyl stearate, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylhexyl palmitate and propanol according to the formula amount, and performing ultrasonic dispersion at the frequency of 50KHZ for 30 minutes to obtain a solution A;
(2) heating the solution A obtained in the step (1) to 90 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1 hour, cooling to 30 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 200r/min to obtain a solution B;
(3) stirring and dissolving the sodium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, ammonium persulfate, potassium chloride, nano zinc oxide and the rest water according to the formula amount at room temperature to obtain a solution C;
(4) and (3) adding the solution C obtained in the step (3) into the solution B obtained in the step (2) while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 400r/min, stirring for 60 minutes at 30 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the desizing agent.
Example 3A desizing agent
The formula comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the average grain diameter of the nano zinc oxide is 35 nm.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) taking water accounting for 65% of the total amount of the formula water, adding nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, glyceryl cocoate, coconut oil monoisopropanolamide, isocetyl stearate, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylhexyl palmitate and propanol according to the formula amount, and performing ultrasonic dispersion at the frequency of 50KHZ for 30 minutes to obtain a solution A;
(2) heating the solution A obtained in the step (1) to 85 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1 hour, cooling to 45 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 350r/min to obtain a solution B;
(3) stirring and dissolving the sodium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, ammonium persulfate, potassium chloride, nano zinc oxide and the rest water according to the formula amount at room temperature to obtain a solution C;
(4) and (3) adding the solution C obtained in the step (3) into the solution B obtained in the step (2) while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 250r/min, stirring for 50 minutes at 45 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the desizing agent.
Example 4A desizing agent
The formula comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the average grain diameter of the nano zinc oxide is 45 nm.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) taking water accounting for 55% of the total amount of the water used in the formula, adding nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, glyceryl cocoate, coconut oil monoisopropanolamide, isocetyl stearate, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylhexyl palmitate and propanol used in the formula, and then carrying out ultrasonic dispersion at the frequency of 50KHZ for 30 minutes to obtain a solution A;
(2) heating the solution A obtained in the step (1) to 75 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1 hour, cooling to 35 ℃, and stirring at the rotation speed of 250r/min to obtain a solution B;
(3) stirring and dissolving the sodium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, ammonium persulfate, potassium chloride, nano zinc oxide and the rest water according to the formula amount at room temperature to obtain a solution C;
(4) and (3) adding the solution C obtained in the step (3) into the solution B obtained in the step (2) while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 350r/min, stirring for 40 minutes at 35 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the desizing agent.
Example 5A desizing agent
The formula comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the average grain diameter of the nano zinc oxide is 40 nm.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) taking water accounting for 60% of the total amount of the formula amount of water, adding nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, glyceryl cocoate, coconut oil monoisopropanolamide, isocetyl stearate, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylhexyl palmitate and propanol according to the formula amount, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion at the frequency of 50KHZ for 30 minutes to obtain a solution A;
(2) heating the solution A obtained in the step (1) to 80 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1 hour, cooling to 40 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 300r/min to obtain a solution B;
(3) stirring and dissolving the sodium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, ammonium persulfate, potassium chloride, nano zinc oxide and the rest water according to the formula amount at room temperature to obtain a solution C;
(4) and (3) adding the solution C obtained in the step (3) into the solution B obtained in the step (2) while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 300r/min, stirring for 45 minutes at 40 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the desizing agent.
Comparative example 1 a desizing agent
The formulation is substantially the same as example 5 except that it does not contain glyceryl cocoate.
The preparation method is basically the same as example 5.
Comparative example 2 a desizing agent
The formulation is essentially the same as in example 5, except that the formulation does not contain isocetyl stearate, as in example 5.
The preparation method is basically the same as example 5.
Comparative example 3 a desizing agent
The formulation is essentially the same as example 5, except that no coconut monoisopropanolamide is present as in example 5.
The preparation method is basically the same as example 5.
Comparative example 4 a desizing agent
The formulation was substantially the same as in example 5, except that ethylhexyl palmitate was not present in the formulation in example 5.
The preparation method is basically the same as example 5.
Comparative example 5 a desizing agent
The formulation was substantially the same as in example 5, except that ethylhexyl palmitate and isocetyl stearate were absent from the formulation in example 5.
The preparation method is basically the same as example 5.
Comparative example 6A novel desizing agent
The formulation was essentially the same as in example 5, except that no mono-isopropanolamide cocoate and no ethylhexyl palmitate were present as in example 5.
The preparation method is basically the same as example 5.
Comparative example 7 a desizing agent
The formulation is essentially the same as in example 5, except that it does not contain cocamide monoisopropanolamide and isocetyl stearate.
The preparation method is basically the same as example 5.
Comparative example 8 a desizing agent
The formulation was essentially the same as in example 5, except that the formulation did not contain isocetyl stearate, monoisopropanolamide cocoate and ethylhexyl palmitate.
Comparative example 9
The desizing agent provided in example 1 of chinese patent 201010150287.8.
Comparative example 10
The desizing agent provided in example 1 of chinese patent 201210348732.0.
Comparative example 11
The desizing agent provided in example 1 of chinese patent 201210473380.1.
The performance test was performed on the fabrics treated with the desizing agents of examples 1 to 5 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 9:
putting 20x16 all-cotton grey cloth into working solution for refining, treating at 98 ℃ for 60min at the bath ratio of 1:10, wherein the content of sodium hydroxide in the working solution is 4g/L, the content of hydrogen peroxide (100%) is 2g/L, the content of desizing agent is 2g/L, and after the treatment is finished, washing with hot water at 80 ℃ for 5min, washing with cold water and drying to obtain the desized fabric.
Experimental example 1 capillary effect test:
cutting a 20cm x2.5cm cloth sample on the desized fabric, controlling the temperature to be 15-20 ℃, testing for 30min, recording the climbing height of 0.2% potassium dichromate solution, if the climbing heights are uneven, taking the lowest point to record the capillary effect, wherein the unit is cm, and grading the hand feel, wherein the results are shown in the following table:
from the above experimental results, it can be seen that: the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the invention has better wool effect which is 8.1-10.5cm and is obviously higher than that before treatment, while the fabric treated by the desizing agent has lower wool effect than that before treatment, which shows that the desizing agent provided by the invention has better desizing effect and good hand feeling on the fabric.
Experimental example 2 desizing ratio test and fabric breaking strength test
The desizing rates in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 11 were used after the above desizing treatment were measured according to the method for measuring the desizing rate specified in the dyeing and finishing Process test course.
The breaking strength of the fabrics treated with different desizing agents is according to GB/T3923.1-1997 part 1 of tensile Properties of textile fabrics: bar method for determination of breaking strength and elongation at break determination (wherein the average of 3 measurements of the test specimen is taken), the results are shown in the following table:
from the above experimental results, it can be seen that: the desizing rate of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the invention is high and is 96.1-97.8%, and the desizing rate of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the comparative example is obviously lower than that of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the invention. Moreover, the strength of the fabric desized by the desizing agent provided by the invention is higher, while the strength of the fabric desized by the comparative example is lower and is not greatly different from that before treatment, so that the desizing agent provided by the invention has high desizing rate, and the strength of the fabric after desizing is high without damaging the fabric.
Experimental example 3 whiteness test
The whiteness of the fabrics treated by different desizing agents is measured according to GB/T8424.2-2001, Instrument evaluation method of relative whiteness of textiles, and the results are shown in the following table:
| index of cloth cover | Whiteness degree |
| Example 1 | 81.5 |
| Example 2 | 82.1 |
| Example 3 | 83.2 |
| Example 4 | 82.0 |
| Example 5 | 84.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 70.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 72.2 |
| Comparative example 3 | 71.1 |
| Comparative example 4 | 71.2 |
| Comparative example 5 | 65.6 |
| Comparative example 6 | 69.3 |
| Comparative example 7 | 68.4 |
| Comparative example 8 | 60.8 |
| Comparative example 9 | 52.1 |
| Comparative example 10 | 50.1 |
| Comparative example 11 | 45.5 |
From the above test results, it can be seen that: the whiteness of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the invention is good, reaches 81.5-84.5%, and is obviously higher than that before treatment, while the whiteness of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the comparative example is only 72.2%, so that the whiteness of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the invention is higher.
Example 4 Hydrogen peroxide resistance stability
10mL of hydrogen peroxide and 4g of sodium hydroxide, 3g of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer in the embodiments 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-11 are selected and prepared into 1000mL of solution by using distilled water for later use.
Removing 250mL of the above solution, placing in a 250mL conical flask, adding 1g of desized fabric, placing in a constant temperature water bath, and sampling at 60min for determination of H2O2Content, calculating each sampling time H2O2The results of the decomposition rate (c) are shown in the following table:
| sample (I) | H2O2Decomposition rate of (C) (%) |
| Example 1 | 59.5 |
| Example 2 | 57.5 |
| Example 3 | 60.6 |
| Example 4 | 61.8 |
| Example 5 | 59.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 91.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 92.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 95.3 |
| Comparative example 4 | 97.6 |
| Comparative example 5 | 91.9 |
| Comparative example 6 | 95.1 |
| Comparative example 7 | 95.6 |
| Comparative example 8 | 98.0 |
| Comparative example 9 | 100 |
| Comparative example 10 | 99.2 |
| Comparative example 11 | 96.3 |
The experimental results show that the desizing agent provided by the invention has good H2O2The stability of the desizing agent is basically not the stability of hydrogen peroxide, so the desizing agent provided by the invention has good hydrogen peroxide stability.
Example 5 penetration testing of desizing agent
2g/L of the desizing agent solutions of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 11 are placed in a 800mL beaker by a canvas sedimentation method, wherein the diameter of a cloth piece is 30mm, the mass of the cloth piece is 0.38 to 0.39g, the cloth piece for the sedimentation test is flatly placed on the surface of the desizing agent solution, the timing is started by a stopwatch immediately after the cloth piece is completely contacted with the liquid surface, the timing is stopped when the cloth piece is settled to the bottom of the cup, the wetting time of the cloth piece is recorded, five parallel tests are carried out, the average value is recorded, the smaller the numerical value is, the stronger the permeability is, and the test results are shown as follows:
| sample (I) | Permeability (S) |
| Example 1 | 45 |
| Example 2 | 42 |
| Example 3 | 41 |
| Example 4 | 36 |
| Example 5 | 35 |
| Comparative example 1 | 65 |
| Comparative example 2 | 71 |
| Comparative example 3 | 61 |
| Comparative example 4 | 59 |
| Comparative example 5 | 64 |
| Comparative example 6 | 65 |
| Comparative example 7 | 75 |
| Comparative example 8 | 78 |
| Comparative example 9 | 113 |
| Comparative example 10 | 154 |
| Comparative example 11 | 214 |
From the above experimental results, it can be seen that: the penetration force of the fabric treated by the desizing agent provided by the invention is good and is only 35-45s, while the penetration force provided by the comparative example is lower than that provided by the invention, which shows that the desizing agent provided by the invention has good penetration force.
Experimental example 6 testing of dispersibility of desizing agent
5mL of sodium oleate solution with the concentration of 5g/L is taken and placed in a measuring cylinder, the aqueous solution of the desizing agent with the concentration of 2.5g/L in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-11 is respectively added, then 10mL of 1g/L calcium carbonate hard water is added, 30mL of distilled water is added, the shaking is carried out for 20 times, the dispersion condition is observed, if the flocculation precipitation exists, the dosage of the dispersing agent is insufficient, the aqueous solution of the desizing agent is continuously added, the operation is repeated until the solution is in a semitransparent state, and no large flocculate exists, namely the end point. The volume of solution added, V (mL), was recorded, and the dispersion index was given by the following formula:
the dispersion index LSDP [ (V × 2.5.5)/(5 × 5) ] × 100 is 100%, the smaller the dispersion index is, the better the dispersibility is, and the test results are shown in the table below:
| sample (I) | Index of dispersion |
| Example 1 | 10.6 |
| Example 2 | 10.4 |
| Example 3 | 11.0 |
| Example 4 | 11.2 |
| Example 5 | 10.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 13.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 13.2 |
| Comparative example 3 | 14.2 |
| Comparative example 4 | 14.1 |
| Comparative example 5 | 15.3 |
| Comparative example 6 | 16.3 |
| Comparative example 7 | 17.2 |
| Comparative example 8 | 19.1 |
| Comparative example 9 | 21.2 |
| Comparative example 10 | 24.2 |
| Comparative example 11 | 22.3 |
From the above experimental results, it can be seen that: the dispersion index of the desizing agent provided by the invention is 10.2-11.2, and the dispersion index of the desizing agent provided by the comparative example is 13.2-24.2, which is obviously higher than that of the desizing agent provided by the invention, so that the desizing agent provided by the invention has good dispersion performance.
Experimental example 7 chelating Properties of desizing agent
Experimental method, the desizing agents in experimental examples 1-5 and examples 1-11 were prepared into 2g/L working solution with tap water, solutions of calcium ions and iron ions with different concentrations of ions were added, and the solution state change was observed after shaking up and refining. The results of the experiments are shown in the following table:
from the above experimental results, it can be seen that: the desizing agent provided by the invention has good chelation on iron ions and calcium ions and good hard water resistance, and the desizing agent provided by the embodiment 5 of the invention has good tolerance on 800ppm of calcium ions and 400ppm of iron ions.
Experimental example 8 static alkali resistance stability test of desizing agent
In the range of 10mL-80mL, 500g/L sodium hydroxide solution is taken to be put into a 100mL glass beaker, water is added to 80mL and stirred, 20.0g of 1% solution to be detected is added after the solution is clarified, a glass rod is used for stirring uniformly, the appearance state of the solution is observed and recorded, the prepared mixed solution needs to be placed for 4 hours, the phenomenon is observed and recorded once every half hour, whether floating oil or layering phenomenon exists or not, if layering exists, the corresponding sodium hydroxide concentration is recorded and converted, and the experimental result is shown in the following table:
from the above experimental results, it can be seen that: the static alkali-resistant concentration of the desizing agent provided by the invention is 90-100g/L, the desizing agent is stable under 90-100g/L caustic soda, no obvious layering exists, no obvious condensation and layering exist, the static alkali-resistant concentration of the comparative example is 40-70g/L, and the alkali-resistant stability of the desizing agent provided by the invention is better.
However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all the modifications and equivalents of the claims and the specification. In addition, the abstract and the title are provided to assist the patent document searching and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A desizing agent, which is characterized in that: the desizing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
2. the desizing agent of claim 1, wherein: the desizing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
3. the desizing agent of claim 1, wherein: the desizing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
4. the desizing agent according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the average grain diameter of the nano zinc oxide is 30-50 nm.
5. A process for the preparation of a desizing agent according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) taking water accounting for 50-70% of the total amount of the formula amount of water, adding nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, glyceryl cocoate, coconut oil acid monoisopropanolamide, isocetyl stearate, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylhexyl palmitate and propanol according to the formula amount of water, and then carrying out ultrasonic dispersion at the frequency of 50KHz for 30 minutes to obtain a solution A;
(2) heating the solution A obtained in the step (1) to 70-90 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, cooling to 30-50 ℃, and stirring at the rotation speed of 200-400r/min to obtain a solution B;
(3) stirring and dissolving the sodium hydroxide, the sodium laurate, the ammonium persulfate, the potassium chloride, the nano zinc oxide and the rest water according to the formula amount at room temperature to obtain a solution C;
(4) adding the solution C obtained in the step (3) into the solution B obtained in the step (2) while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 200-400r/min, stirring for 30-60 minutes at 30-50 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the desizing agent.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the heating temperature of the step (2) is 75-85 ℃.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: the cooling temperature of the step (2) is 35-45 ℃.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein: the stirring temperature of the step (4) is 35-45 ℃.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein: the stirring time of the step (4) is 45 minutes.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) taking water accounting for 60% of the total amount of the formula amount of water, adding nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, glyceryl cocoate, coconut oil monoisopropanolamide, isocetyl stearate, polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylhexyl palmitate and propanol according to the formula amount, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion at the frequency of 50KHz for 30 minutes to obtain a solution A;
(2) heating the solution A obtained in the step (1) to 80 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1 hour, cooling to 40 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 300r/min to obtain a solution B;
(3) stirring and dissolving the sodium hydroxide, the sodium laurate, the ammonium persulfate, the potassium chloride, the nano zinc oxide and the rest water according to the formula amount at room temperature to obtain a solution C;
(4) and (3) adding the solution C obtained in the step (3) into the solution B obtained in the step (2) while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 300r/min, stirring for 45 minutes at 40 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the desizing agent.
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| CN109652998A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-04-19 | 苏州工业园区职业技术学院 | A kind of dyeing method that colour developing degree is high |
| CN110777525B (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2022-09-13 | 多恩生物科技有限公司 | Novel efficient desizing agent for chemical fiber fabric and preparation method thereof |
| CN111535009B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2022-05-03 | 杭州美高华颐化工有限公司 | Preparation method of polyamine type efficient desizing agent |
| CN113897773A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-07 | 吴江德伊时装面料有限公司 | Liquid caustic soda desizing process of fabric pretreatment equipment |
| CN115613343B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-11-03 | 杭州传化精细化工有限公司 | Chemical fiber slurry dispersing agent based on symmetrical block polymer and preparation method thereof |
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