CN110776630A - Low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110776630A
CN110776630A CN201911174203.1A CN201911174203A CN110776630A CN 110776630 A CN110776630 A CN 110776630A CN 201911174203 A CN201911174203 A CN 201911174203A CN 110776630 A CN110776630 A CN 110776630A
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silicon
alkyd resin
acid
parts
containing modified
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CN110776630B (en
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史芳沅
孙学军
苏凯
李华明
雍涛
肖菲
杨敬霞
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NORTHWEST YONGXIN PAINT & COATINGS Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/91Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08G63/914Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/918Polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/46Polyesters chemically modified by esterification
    • C08G63/48Polyesters chemically modified by esterification by unsaturated higher fatty oils or their acids; by resin acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/78Preparation processes

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the field of fine chemical engineering, and aims to solve the problems of slow drying, low hardness, poor weather resistance and the like of the existing common waterborne alkyd series products. The low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of vegetable oleic acid, 19-24 parts of polyhydric alcohol, 22-25 parts of monobasic and polybasic acid, 0.2-0.3 part of organic silicon and 16.7-25 parts of neutralizing agent. The low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin disclosed by the invention has the excellent characteristics of alkyd resin, the compactness of a paint film is increased, the permeability is reduced, the shielding effect of the paint film is improved, the comprehensive anti-corrosion performance has obvious advantages, and the water resistance of the prepared primer can be more than half a year.

Description

Low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fine chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The alkyd resin is prepared by polycondensation of polyfunctional alcohol, polybasic acid and vegetable oil or vegetable oleic acid. The polyfunctional alcohols commonly used for the production of alkyd resins are glycerol, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, etc.; commonly used polybasic acids are phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, etc.; the solvent used is toluene, xylene, 200# solvent oil, etc.
The traditional solvent-type alkyd resin contains a large amount of organic solvent, and the resin has the biggest defects of environmental pollution, flammability and explosiveness and great harm to human health. Therefore, the development of alkyd resins is in the direction of the waterborne alkyd resins. The low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin product takes water as a dispersion medium, replaces an organic solvent in the traditional solvent-based alkyd resin, greatly reduces the VOC content of the product, and is the most effective environment-friendly resin for reducing pollution and saving energy.
The alkyd resin has the advantages of easily available raw materials, simple process, good comprehensive performance of paint films and the like. However, certain disadvantages exist, such as slow drying of the coating, low hardness, unsatisfactory water resistance, etc., and the improvement of the properties thereof must be achieved by modification. By using the alkyd resin modified by the organic silicon through a cold splicing method, various performances of the product are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin, which solves the problems of slow drying, low hardness, poor weather resistance and the like of the existing common waterborne alkyd series products.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin, so as to solve the problems of multiple steps, complexity, energy waste and the like of the existing preparation method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of vegetable oleic acid, 19-24 parts of polyhydric alcohol, 22-25 parts of monobasic and polybasic acid, 0.2-0.3 part of organic silicon and 16.7-25 parts of neutralizing agent.
Further, the vegetable oil acid is one of soya oil acid, linoleic acid and tall oil acid.
Further, the polyalcohol is one or more of pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol and neopentyl glycol.
Further, the monobasic acid and the polybasic acid are one or more of benzoic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and trimellitic anhydride.
Further, the organic silicon is one of vinyl trimethoxy silane and vinyl triethoxy silane.
Further, the water-carrying agent is xylene.
Further, the amount of the water-carrying agent added is 5 parts of the total mass of the total reaction raw materials.
Further, the neutralizing agent is at least one of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether and butanol.
A preparation method of a low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing reaction raw materials:
according to the mass portion: 30-50 parts of vegetable oleic acid, 19-24 parts of polyhydric alcohol, 22-25 parts of monobasic and polybasic acid, 0.2-0.3 part of organic silicon and 16.7-25 parts of neutralizing agent;
(2) preparing organic silicon modified alkyd resin by a solvent method:
adding vegetable oleic acid, polyalcohol, monobasic acid and polybasic acid into a reaction flask with a water separator, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, adding a certain amount of water-carrying agent into the reaction flask, stirring and heating to 200-220 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen to perform esterification reaction for 4.5-5 hours, cooling to 90-100 ℃ until the acid value is reduced to below 60, adding organosilicon, heating to 140-150 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5-3 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction solution;
(3) preparing water-based organic silicon modified alkyd resin:
and distilling under reduced pressure at the temperature of 140-150 ℃ to remove the water-carrying agent, adding a certain amount of neutralizing agent into the reaction solution, cooling and filtering to obtain the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin.
The method comprises the steps of taking a water-carrying agent as a reflux solvent, preparing the alkyd resin by a solvent method, removing the water-carrying agent by reduced pressure distillation after the acid value of a reaction solution is lower than 40, adding a neutralizing agent into the reaction solution, and filtering to obtain the water-based alkyd resin.
The product of the invention is diluted by taking water as a solvent, the VOC content of the prepared coating is greatly reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, meanwhile, the invention also meets various national mandatory standards and technical requirements, the operation method is simple, the cost is lower, and the industrial production, popularization and use of the product are facilitated.
Compared with the existing preparation method of the water-based alkyd, the invention adopts a method of one-step modification and water-based treatment of organic silicon, simplifies the operation process, reduces the cost and improves the conversion rate of the product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin provided by the invention has the excellent characteristics of alkyd resin, the compactness of a paint film is increased, the permeability is reduced, the shielding effect of the paint film is improved, the comprehensive corrosion resistance has obvious advantages, and the water resistance of the prepared primer can reach more than half a year.
2. The low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin provided by the invention has excellent fullness, gloss, hardness and weather resistance, and does not change color or turn yellow when being baked at high temperature.
3. The low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin provided by the invention has the advantages that the hardness, the medium resistance, the gloss and the anti-fouling capability of a paint film are obviously improved by introducing the silicon-containing monomer.
4. The low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin provided by the invention reduces the VOC content, greatly reduces the VOC emission in production and construction engineering, is safe and environment-friendly, and can be widely applied to the coating of steel structures, pipelines, automobile parts and the like.
5. The invention selects the soya-bean oil acid with higher iodine value as fatty acid, which is subjected to esterification reaction with trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid and trimellitic anhydride, the phthalic anhydride is combined with non-conjugated double bonds in unsaturated fatty acid, and the addition reaction of conjugated double bonds is formed through double bond shift, so that enough oxidative crosslinking groups are provided for later coating drying, and of course, the etherification reaction among pentaerythritol hydroxyl groups is also carried out in the reaction.
6. In the alkyd resin structure, benzoic acid is used for replacing part of fatty acid, so that the oil content of the resin is reduced; when the resin is formed into a coating film and is subjected to oxidative crosslinking, the resin can play a role in shortening the surface drying time and improving the water resistance of the coating film, so that the drying rate, the hardness, the gloss and the water resistance of the finished coating film are improved. However, too large a quantity will affect the flexibility, impact resistance and oxidative crosslinking of the paint film. In comprehensive consideration, when the dosage of the benzoic acid in the resin formula is 4%, various performances of a paint film are optimal.
7. The trimethylolpropane has 3 primary hydroxyl groups and 1 alkyl branched chain, the alkyl branched chain can reduce the acting force among the 3 primary hydroxyl groups, improve the miscibility of the resin and a cosolvent, obviously improve the water solubility of the alkyd resin, reduce the viscosity of the alkyd resin to a certain extent, and isolate the attack of water molecules due to the shielding effect of the alkyl branched chain on ester groups, so that the hydrolytic stability of the trimethylolpropane alkyd resin and the chemical medium resistance of a paint film are obviously improved. However, the alkyd resin made of pentaerythritol has better drying property and higher hardness than trimethylolpropane and glycerol, and can reduce the cost. The project of fixing the cost adopts trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol to participate in esterification together.
8. In order to obtain the soya oil acid-phthalic anhydride-isophthalic acid base alkyd resin, the alkyd resin is synthesized by a high polymer method, so that the synthesized alkyd resin is ensured to have a proper molecular weight and a narrow molecular weight distribution, and benzoic acid is used for replacing part of fatty acid, so that the oil content of the resin is reduced; when the resin is formed into a coating film and is subjected to oxidative crosslinking, the resin can play a role in shortening the surface drying time and improving the water resistance of the coating film, so that the drying rate, the hardness, the gloss and the water resistance of the finished coating film are improved.
9. In the preparation method of the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin provided by the invention, fatty acid or oleic acid is directly adopted as a raw material in the project, so that the step of alcoholysis is not needed, and the process is simplified. Xylene is used as a water-carrying agent in the esterification process, so that the esterification reaction temperature is reduced, the risk degree of high-temperature polymerization reaction is reduced, and the use amount of heat conduction oil and cooling media (such as cold oil) is saved. Meanwhile, the polymerization effect of the polyfunctional alcohol, the polybasic acid and the vegetable oleic acid in the reaction process is enhanced, and the water-soluble effect of the resin is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
(1) 30g of soya-bean oil acid, 11g of pentaerythritol, 8g of trimethylolpropane, 5g of benzoic acid, 11g of phthalic acid, 4g of benzoic acid and 4.8g of trimellitic anhydride are added into a reaction flask with a water separator, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, 5g of dimethylbenzene is added into the reaction flask, the mixture is stirred and heated to 200 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen to carry out esterification reaction for 5 hours, when the acid value is reduced to be below 60, 0.2g of vinyl trimethoxy silane is added after the temperature is reduced to 90 ℃, the temperature is increased to 140 ℃ and is kept for 3 hours, and when the acid value is reduced to be below 40, a reaction solution is obtained;
(2) and (3) distilling under reduced pressure at the temperature of 140 ℃ to remove xylene, adding 21g of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether into the reaction solution, cooling and filtering to obtain the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin.
Example 2
(1) Adding 30g of soya-bean oil acid, 12g of glycerol, 8g of trimethylolpropane, 12g of phthalic acid, 7g of isophthalic acid and 3g of maleic anhydride into a reaction flask with a water separator, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, adding 5g of xylene into the reaction flask, stirring and heating to 220 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen to perform esterification for 4.5 hours, cooling to 100 ℃ when the acid value is reduced to below 60, adding 0.2g of vinyltriethoxysilane, heating to 150 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours, and reducing the acid value to below 40 to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) and (3) distilling under reduced pressure at the temperature of 150 ℃ to remove xylene, adding 16g of propylene glycol monobutyl ether and 6.8g of butanol into the reaction solution, cooling and filtering to obtain the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin.
Example 3
(1) Adding 35g of linoleic acid, 7g of pentaerythritol, 13g of trimethylolpropane, 8g of benzoic acid, 2g of maleic anhydride and 12g of isophthalic acid into a reaction flask with a water separator, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, adding 5g of xylene into the reaction flask, stirring and heating to 200 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen to perform esterification for 5 hours, cooling to below 60 acid value, adding 0.3g of vinyltrimethoxysilane into the reaction flask, heating to 140 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, and obtaining a reaction solution when the acid value is reduced to below 40;
(2) and (3) distilling under reduced pressure at the temperature of 140 ℃ to remove xylene, adding 17.7g of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether into the reaction solution, cooling and filtering to obtain the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin.
Example 4
(1) Adding 36g of linoleic acid, 10g of glycerol, 9g of trimethylolpropane, 7g of benzoic acid, 6g of trimellitic anhydride and 10g of isophthalic acid into a reaction flask with a water separator, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, adding 5g of xylene into the reaction flask, stirring and heating to 220 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen to perform esterification for 4.5 hours, cooling to 100 ℃ to obtain 0.3g of vinyltriethoxysilane, heating to 150 ℃ to preserve heat for 2.5 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) and (3) distilling under reduced pressure at the temperature of 150 ℃ to remove xylene, adding 11g of propylene glycol monobutyl ether and 5.7g of butanol into the reaction solution, cooling and filtering to obtain the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin.
Example 5
(1) 31g of tall oil acid, 10g of pentaerythritol, 9g of trimethylolpropane, 5g of benzoic acid, 11g of phthalic acid, 7g of isophthalic acid and 2g of maleic anhydride are added into a reaction flask with a water separator, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, 5g of xylene is added into the reaction flask, the mixture is stirred and heated to 200 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen for esterification reaction for 5 hours, when the acid value is reduced to below 60, 0.2g of vinyl trimethoxy silane is added after the temperature is reduced to 90 ℃, the mixture is heated to 140 ℃ and is kept warm for 3 hours, and when the acid value is reduced to below 40, a reaction solution is obtained;
(2) and (3) distilling under reduced pressure at the temperature of 140 ℃ to remove xylene, adding 19.8g of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether into the reaction solution, cooling and filtering to obtain the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin.
Example 6
(1) Adding 36g of tall oil acid, 20g of neopentyl glycol, 13g of phthalic acid, 7g of trimellitic anhydride and 2g of maleic anhydride into a reaction flask with a water separator, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, adding 5g of xylene into the reaction flask, stirring and heating to 220 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen to perform esterification reaction for 4.5 hours, cooling to below 60 ℃ when the acid value is reduced, adding 0.2g of vinyltriethoxysilane into the reaction flask, heating to 150 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours, and cooling to below 40 when the acid value is reduced to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) and (3) distilling under reduced pressure at the temperature of 150 ℃ to remove xylene, adding 11g of propylene glycol monobutyl ether and 5.8g of butanol into the reaction solution, and cooling and filtering to obtain the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin.
The low VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resins prepared in examples 1-6 and their coating properties are shown in Table 1.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001

Claims (9)

1. The low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of vegetable oleic acid, 19-24 parts of polyhydric alcohol, 22-25 parts of monobasic and polybasic acid, 0.2-0.3 part of organic silicon and 16.7-25 parts of neutralizing agent.
2. The low VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin of claim 1, wherein: the vegetable oil acid is one of soya oil acid, linoleic acid and tall oil acid.
3. The low VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin of claim 1, wherein: the polyalcohol is one or more of pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol and neopentyl glycol.
4. The low VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin of claim 1, wherein: the monobasic acid and the polybasic acid are one or more of benzoic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and trimellitic anhydride.
5. The low VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin of claim 1, wherein: the organic silicon is one of vinyl trimethoxy silane and vinyl triethoxy silane.
6. The low VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin of claim 1, wherein: the water-carrying agent is dimethylbenzene.
7. The low VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin of claim 1, wherein: the amount of the water-carrying agent added is 5 parts of the total mass of the total reaction raw materials.
8. The low VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin of claim 1, wherein: the neutralizing agent is at least one of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether and butanol.
9. The preparation method of the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing reaction raw materials:
according to the mass portion: 30-50 parts of vegetable oleic acid, 19-24 parts of polyhydric alcohol, 22-25 parts of monobasic and polybasic acid, 0.2-0.3 part of organic silicon and 16.7-25 parts of neutralizing agent;
(2) preparing organic silicon modified alkyd resin by a solvent method:
adding vegetable oleic acid, polyalcohol, monobasic acid and polybasic acid into a reaction flask with a water separator, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, adding a certain amount of water-carrying agent into the reaction flask, stirring and heating to 200-220 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen to perform esterification reaction for 4.5-5 hours, cooling to 90-100 ℃ until the acid value is reduced to below 60, adding organosilicon, heating to 140-150 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5-3 hours, and cooling to below 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction solution;
(3) preparing water-based organic silicon modified alkyd resin:
and distilling under reduced pressure at the temperature of 140-150 ℃ to remove the water-carrying agent, adding a certain amount of neutralizing agent into the reaction solution, cooling and filtering to obtain the low-VOC silicon-containing modified waterborne alkyd resin.
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Cited By (2)

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CN112724386A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-30 深圳市安品有机硅材料有限公司 Wood wax oil resin, preparation method thereof and composition containing resin
CN114213639A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-03-22 广东衡光新材料科技有限公司 Polyaldehyde modified alkyd resin, water-based paint and preparation method thereof

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CN102898629A (en) * 2012-10-26 2013-01-30 合众(佛山)化工有限公司 Method for preparing anti-scratch matt alkyd resin
CN103554379A (en) * 2013-10-29 2014-02-05 西北永新涂料有限公司 Aqueous acrylic acid-modified alkyd resin and preparation method thereof
CN104086761A (en) * 2014-06-05 2014-10-08 华南理工大学 Aqueous organosilicone-modified alkyd resin and preparing method thereof
CN106590371A (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-04-26 帝斯曼先达合成树脂(佛山)有限公司 Low-VOC matte alkyd resin and synthesis method thereof

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CN102898629A (en) * 2012-10-26 2013-01-30 合众(佛山)化工有限公司 Method for preparing anti-scratch matt alkyd resin
CN103554379A (en) * 2013-10-29 2014-02-05 西北永新涂料有限公司 Aqueous acrylic acid-modified alkyd resin and preparation method thereof
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112724386A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-30 深圳市安品有机硅材料有限公司 Wood wax oil resin, preparation method thereof and composition containing resin
CN114213639A (en) * 2021-12-29 2022-03-22 广东衡光新材料科技有限公司 Polyaldehyde modified alkyd resin, water-based paint and preparation method thereof
CN114213639B (en) * 2021-12-29 2023-11-10 广东衡光新材料科技有限公司 Polyaldehyde modified alkyd resin, water-based paint and preparation method thereof

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