CN110775164B

CN110775164B - Lower structure of vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN110775164B
Application number: CN201910625435.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 富泽义仁; 土门义典; 西野章
Original assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Current assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date: 2018-07-13
Filing date: 2019-07-11
Publication date: 2022-05-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-11
Also published as: JP6787373B2; JP2020011534A; CN110775164A

Abstract

The invention provides a lower structure of a vehicle, which can restrain the backward movement of a front suspension component when a front collision occurs. A suspension member (14) is attached to a side member (20) of a lower body (12). A partition (28) is present between the suspension member (14) and the underbody (12) at the rear of the suspension member (14). The spacer (28) includes a bracket (46) and a collar (48), and the bracket (46) has an extension (46b) extending forward. A front end surface (46f) of the extension portion (46b) faces a rear wall surface (22a) of the suspension member body (22). The corner (46h) of the front end surface (46f) of the extension (46b) is rounded.

Description

Lower structure of vehicle

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a lower structure of a vehicle, and more particularly, to control of a distance between components in a collision.

Background

The lower structure of the vehicle includes a lower vehicle body and a suspension member mounted on the lower vehicle body and movably supporting a movable member of a suspension. Patent document 1 listed below shows a suspension member (35) fixed to a front side member (1). The suspension member (35) is fixed to the front side member (1) at the rear end portion thereof by a rear connecting portion (37) via another member. Patent document 1 below describes that an underfloor unit (17) including a fuel cell stack (13) is mounted under a floor. The above-mentioned symbols in parentheses are those used in patent document 1 below, and are not related to those used in the description of the embodiments of the present application.

Prior art documents

Patent literature

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2006- (19) A

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

In the event of a frontal collision, such as a full overlap or an offset frontal collision, the front suspension member moves relatively rearward with respect to the underbody. There is still room for improvement in suppression of the backward movement of the front suspension member.

The purpose of the present invention is to suppress the backward movement of a front suspension member with respect to a lower vehicle body in the event of a frontal collision.

Means for solving the problems

The present invention relates to a vehicle lower structure comprising: a lower body having a frame member extending in a front-rear direction of the vehicle; a front suspension member that is positioned below a front portion of the lower body and that is attached to the frame member of the lower body; a partition interposed between the lower body and the front suspension member. At least one bolt hole through which a bolt for fixing to the frame member passes is formed in the spacer. The spacer has an extension portion extending toward the vehicle front side from a portion where a bolt hole positioned closest to the vehicle front side is formed, and the extension portion has a front end surface facing the rear wall surface of the front suspension member. At least a part of the periphery of the front end face is chamfered. In the event of a frontal collision, the rear wall surface of the front suspension member will abut the front end surface.

Further, the cross section of the extending portion of the spacer orthogonal to the extending direction can be formed in an Contraband-shaped configuration with the opening facing downward, and the lower ends of two parallel sides of Contraband-shaped configuration with the opening facing downward can be chamfered.

Effects of the invention

The spacer is prevented from sticking into the rear wall surface of the front suspension member by providing a chamfer on at least a part of the periphery of the front end surface of the spacer opposed to the rear wall surface of the front suspension member.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a lower structure of a vehicle in a bottom view from below.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a suspension member in a plan view.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the partitioning member.

Fig. 4 is a side view showing the partitioning member.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the separator at the line a-a shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a side view schematically showing the relationship of the suspension member and the partitioning member.

Fig. 7 is a side view schematically showing the relationship of the suspension member to the power line.

Fig. 8 is a side view schematically showing deformation of the lower structure at the time of a frontal collision.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, terms indicating directions and directions such as front, rear, left, right, up and down, indicate directions and directions relating to the vehicle. In each drawing, the direction of arrow FR is the front, the direction of arrow UP is the upper, and the direction of arrow LH is the left.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a lower structure 10 of a vehicle, particularly, a main part of a front portion of the lower structure 10, in a bottom view from below. The lower structure 10 includes a lower body 12 and a front suspension member 14 (hereinafter, referred to as a suspension member 14) positioned below a front portion of the lower body 12. The lower body 12 includes a floor 16 of a passenger compartment, a dash wall 18 defining a front edge of the passenger compartment, and a pair of left and right side members 20 extending in the front-rear direction and further extending forward below the floor 16. The dash panel 18 is a partition wall between the passenger compartment and a prime mover compartment located in front of the passenger compartment and accommodating a prime mover such as an electric motor. The left and right side members 20 are curved inward so that their front ends approach each other below the floor panel 16, and their left and right intervals are narrowed toward the front. Further, a portion of the side member 20 that is forward of a portion below the floor 16 is curved upward along the dash panel 18 toward the front, and extends substantially horizontally in the engine compartment toward the front at a predetermined height. The pair of side members 20 function as frame members extending in the front-rear direction on the left and right of the lower body 12. The suspension member 14 is made of a metal plate, and is formed by combining and joining a plurality of members formed into a predetermined shape. In addition, the suspension member 14 may be made of other materials and manufacturing methods. For example, an aluminum extruded part, an aluminum casting, or the like may be used.

The suspension member 14 is attached to the side member 20, and forms a support point of a movable component of the suspension, for example, a support point on the vehicle body side of the lower arm. The suspension member 14 has a suspension member body 22, and support points for movable parts of the suspension are formed at left and right end portions of the suspension member body 22. Mounting arms 24 are provided at the left and right of the front portion of the suspension member main body 22, and the upper ends of the mounting arms 24 are coupled to the side members 20 in the prime mover compartment. Further, tongue-shaped rear attachment portions 26 extending rearward are provided on the left and right of the rear portion of the suspension member main body 22, and the rear attachment portions 26 are coupled to the side members 20 below the floor panel 16. A spacer 28 is provided between the rear attachment portion 26 and the underbody 12, particularly the side member 20. By changing the vertical dimensions of the mounting arm 24 and the spacer 28, the vertical position of the suspension member 14 relative to the underbody 12 can be changed.

A battery 30 is mounted under the floor panel 16. The battery 30 is supported from below by a lattice-shaped support frame 32, and the support frame 32 is fixed to the left and right side members 20. The support frame 32 has a plurality of support beams 34 extending in the lateral direction and having both ends coupled to the left and right side members 20, and the battery 30 is fixed to the support beams 34. The battery 30 includes a receptacle for connecting the power line 36 and the signal line 38 to each other on a distal end surface thereof. The power line 36 supplies the electric power stored in the battery 30 to a motor for driving the vehicle, and also supplies the electric power generated by regenerative braking of the motor to the battery 30. The signal line 38 transmits a detection signal indicating a parameter for grasping the state of the battery 30, such as the current and voltage of the battery 30 and the temperature of the battery 30.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the suspension member 14 in a state in which the spacer 28 is attached. The suspension member body 22 has a rear wall surface 22a facing substantially rearward, and the rear wall surface 22a is curved in the left-right direction. The curved rear wall surface 22a has a central portion located forward and both end portions located rearward, and a rear mounting portion 26 extending rearward from a lower portion of each of the both end portions. The dimension (thickness) of the rear mounting portion 26 in the vertical direction is smaller than the thickness of the suspension member body 22. A spacer 28 is joined to the upper surface of the rear attachment portion 26 by welding or the like. The suspension member 14 is attached to the underbody 12 by coupling the attachment arm 24 to the side member 20 at the front portion and coupling the rear attachment portion 26 and the spacer 28 to the side member 20 at the rear portion. The rear attachment portion 26 is coupled to the side member 20 by a bolt 42 that penetrates both the rear attachment portion 26 and the spacer 28, and a bolt 44 that penetrates the spacer 28. The front bolt 42 clamps the rear mounting portion 26 and the collar 48 between the front bolt and the side member 20.

Fig. 3 to 5 are views showing the separator 28, fig. 3 is a perspective view, fig. 4 is a side view, and fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a shown in fig. 4. The partition 28 includes a bracket 46 extending in the front-rear direction, and a collar 48 penetrating the bracket 46 in the up-down direction. The bracket 46 has a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction) in the shape of Contraband with an opening facing downward, and is made of a metal plate. The bracket 46 is not limited to a metal plate, and may be made of an aluminum extruded member, an aluminum casting, or the like. The collar 48 penetrates the bracket 46 in the vertical direction at a position forward of the center of the bracket 46. A portion of the bracket 46 through which the collar 48 penetrates is referred to as a collar penetrating portion 46 a. The bracket 46 has an extension 46b extending forward from the collar penetration 46 a. The collar 48 is a portion that receives the coupling force generated by the bolt 42, and a portion that extends forward of the portion that receives the coupling force is an extension portion 46 b. The bracket 46 also extends rearward from the collar penetrating portion 46 a. A through hole is provided in a rear end portion 46c of the portion extending rearward, and the through hole is a rear bolt hole 28a of the spacer 28 through which the bolt 44 penetrates.

The front end surface 46f of the bracket 46 (the front end surface of the extension portion 46 b) faces the rear wall surface 22a of the suspension member main body 22 (see fig. 2 and 6). The bracket 46 is a part of the partition 28, and a front end face 46f of the bracket 46 is also a front end face of the partition 28.

The collar 48 has a cylindrical shape, and an upper end surface 48a thereof is positioned at the same height as the upper surface 46d of the rear end portion 46c of the bracket, and a lower end surface 48b thereof is positioned at the same height as the lower edge 46e of the collar-penetrating portion 46a of the bracket. The collar 48 is joined to the bracket 46 by welding or the like. Specifically, the side surface of the collar 48 and the upper surface of the collar penetrating portion 46a of the bracket are welded together. The collar 48 forms the front bolt hole 28b of the spacer through which the bolt 42 passes. The upper end surface 48a of the collar and the upper surface 46d of the rear end of the bracket may be set to different heights so as to be suitable for the shape of the surface to be attached.

The spacer 28 is welded to the rear mounting portion 26 of the suspension member 14 at the lower edge 46e of the collar-penetrating portion 46a of the bracket. On the other hand, the lower edge 46g of the extension portion 46b and the rear mounting portion 26 are not welded together.

Further, an angle 46h formed by the front end surface 46f and the lower edge 46g of the bracket 46 is chamfered, particularly rounded. The front end surface 46f of the bracket is shaped like Contraband with the opening facing downward, and the corner 46h at the lower end of the two parallel sides of the Contraband is rounded.

Fig. 6 and 7 are schematic views of the suspension member 14, particularly, the structure around the rear mounting portion 26, as viewed from the side. In particular, the relationship of the suspension member 14 to the partition 28 is shown in fig. 6, and the relationship of the suspension member 14 to the power line 36 is shown in fig. 7. In fig. 7, the internal structure of the suspension member main body 22 is omitted.

As best shown in fig. 6, the thickness of the rear mounting portion 26 is small relative to the thickness of the suspension member body 22, so that the thickness of the suspension member 14 sharply decreases toward the rear in the vicinity of the rear wall surface 22 a. Further, as well shown in fig. 2, the dimension (width) of the rear mounting portion 26 in the left-right direction is also smaller than that of the suspension member main body 22 in the left-right direction, so that a sharp reduction in dimension can be seen. In this way, the portion having a sharply reduced size is fragile, and if a load is applied at the time of collision, deformation starts earlier than the other portions. The connection root portion of the rear attachment portion 26 and the portion around the connection root portion are weak portions that start to deform before the other portions.

The spacer 28 is interposed between the suspension member 14 and the side member 20, and determines the vertical position of the suspension member 14 with respect to the underbody 12. By changing the presence or absence of the spacer 28 or the thickness of the spacer 28, the position of the suspension member 14 in the vertical direction can be changed. The partition 28 is fixed to the side member 20 at two locations in the front-rear direction. The spacer 28 is joined to the side member 20 at the front side by bolts 42 together with the suspension member 14, and joined to the side member 20 at the rear side by bolts 44. The extending portion 46b of the bracket of the spacer 28 extends forward from the position where the spacer 28 is fixed by the bolt 42, and the front end surface 46f thereof faces the rear wall surface 22a of the suspension member. The extending portion 46b of the bracket abuts against the rear wall surface 22a of the suspension member 14 that has retreated in the event of a full overlap frontal collision or an offset frontal collision. By changing the front and rear of the extending portion 46b, the position of contact with the suspension member 14 can be changed, and the amount of retreat of the suspension member 14 can be controlled.

As shown in fig. 7, since the rear wall surface 22a of the suspension member main body 22 is curved, a portion of the rear wall surface 22a facing the power line 36 is located forward of a portion facing the partition 28.

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a state of deformation of the lower structure 10 at the time of a frontal collision under a predetermined condition. The condition at the time of the frontal collision may be, for example, a condition of a full overlap frontal collision test or an off-center frontal collision test, which has been defined. For example, in the full overlap frontal collision test, the vehicle is caused to collide with the wall surface at 55km/h, and in the offset frontal collision test, the vehicle is caused to collide at 64km/h with an overlap amount of 40% with respect to the object whose structure is determined.

The passenger compartment of a vehicle has a strong structure for protecting passengers, and a portion forward of the passenger compartment is relatively easily deformed to absorb energy of a collision. When the lower structure 10 receives the collision load F caused by a front collision, the front portion of the lower structure 10 is deformed, and the suspension member 14 is retracted in association therewith. On the other hand, since the spacer 28 is fixed to the underfloor portion of the strong side member 20, the position of the rear mounting portion 26 of the suspension member 14 does not change greatly. Therefore, the fragile portion of the rear attachment portion 26 is bent. As shown in fig. 8, the rear mounting portion 26 is bent in a V-shape so that the rear wall surface 22a of the suspension member body abuts against the front end surface 46f of the bracket. This suppresses the suspension member 14 from retreating, and thus can suppress deformation of the underbody 12 such as the floor 16 due to the suspension member 14. Further, by suppressing the backward movement of the suspension member 14, the collision of the suspension member 14 against the battery 30 is avoided. Further, it is also possible to avoid a situation in which the power line 36 is sandwiched between the suspension member 14 and the lower vehicle body 12.

By appropriately setting the front and rear of the extending portion 46b of the bracket, the position at which the suspension member 14 abuts against the bracket 46 and the amount of retreat of the suspension member 14 can be controlled.

By rapidly deforming the rear mounting portion 26 at the time of a frontal collision, the spacer 28 is prevented from being deformed or detached first, and the reliability of the suspension member 14 that has retracted can be improved. Further, since the extending portion 46b of the bracket is not joined to the rear mounting portion 26, the deformation of the rear mounting portion 26 into the V-shape is not hindered. Further, since the extending portion 46b does not receive a force generated along with the deformation of the rear mounting portion 26, the deformation thereof is suppressed, and the facing state with the rear wall surface 22a of the suspension member body can be maintained.

Further, by chamfering a part of the peripheral edge of the front end surface 46f of the bracket, it is possible to suppress the bracket 46 from sticking into the rear wall surface 22a of the suspension member main body. If the bracket 46 pierces thereinto, the bracket 46 may not sufficiently support the suspension member 14 that has retreated, and the effect of suppressing the retreating may be small. By providing the chamfered portion on the front end surface 46f, penetration of the bracket 46 can be suppressed, and the rearward movement of the suspension member 14 can be efficiently suppressed. Further, when the bracket 46 penetrates the rear wall surface 22a, downward movement of the suspension member 14 is inhibited, and therefore, it is not possible to dissipate the collision load so that the collision load is not transmitted to the underbody 12. By providing the chamfered portion on the front end surface 46f, the collision load can be dissipated so as not to be transmitted to the underbody 12 and the battery 30.

The spacer is not limited to the structure having two members, that is, the bracket 46 and the collar 48, and may be an integral member. The shape of the front end face of the separator is not limited to the Contraband-shape, and may be, for example, a solid quadrangle shape or a quadrangular frame shape. The chamfer may be provided on the entire periphery of the distal end surface, may be provided on a part of the periphery, or may be provided only on the corner.

Other embodiments of the present invention are as follows.

(1) A lower structure of a vehicle is provided with:

a lower body having a frame member extending in a front-rear direction of the vehicle;

a front suspension member that is located below a front portion of the lower vehicle body and is attached to the frame member of the lower vehicle body;

a spacer interposed between the underbody and the front suspension member and having at least one bolt hole through which a bolt for fixing to the frame member is inserted, the spacer having an extension portion that extends toward the front of the vehicle from a portion where a bolt hole positioned at the most front of the vehicle among the bolt holes is formed, the extension portion having a front end surface that faces a rear wall surface of the front suspension member,

At least a part of a peripheral edge of the front end face of the separator is chamfered.

Description of the symbols

10 … substructure; 12 … lower body; 14 … (front) suspension member; 16 … floor panel; 18 … front wall of the compartment; 20 … side members (frame members); 22 … suspension member body; 22a … rear wall; 24 … mounting arms; 26 … rear mounting portion; 28 … a divider; 28a … rear bolt holes; 28b … front bolt hole; 30 … storage battery; 32 … support frame; 34 … support beams; 36 … power lines; 38 … signal lines; 42. 44 … bolt; 46 … bracket; 46a … collar penetration; 46b … extension; 46e … lower edge of collar penetration; 46f … front face; 46g … lower edge; 46h … (rounded) corner; 48 … collar.

Claims

1. A lower structure of a vehicle is provided with:

a front suspension member that is located below a front portion of the lower vehicle body and that is attached to the frame member of the lower vehicle body;

a spacer that is interposed between the front suspension member and the frame member when the front suspension member is attached, that defines a distance between the front suspension member and the frame member, that has at least one bolt hole through which a bolt for fixing the spacer and the front suspension member to the frame member together is inserted, that has an extension portion that extends toward the front of the vehicle from a portion where the bolt hole located closest to the front of the vehicle among the bolt holes is formed, that has a front end surface that is smaller in area than a rear wall surface of the front suspension member and that faces the rear wall surface over the entire surface, and that, when a frontal collision occurs, the rear wall surface of the front suspension member abuts against the front end surface,

At least a part of a peripheral edge of the front end face of the spacer is chamfered.

2. The lower structure of the vehicle according to claim 1,

the section of the extension part of the separator, which is orthogonal to the extension direction, is in the shape of Contraband with the opening facing downwards, and the lower ends of two parallel sides of Contraband with the opening facing downwards are chamfered.