CN110773960A

CN110773960A - Automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process method and auxiliary process device thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110773960A
Application number: CN201911058684.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李伟; 肖耘亚; 马文乾; 神翠楠; 张晓红; 任莹晖
Original assignee: Hunan University
Current assignee: Hunan University
Priority date: 2019-11-01
Filing date: 2019-11-01
Publication date: 2020-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-01
Also published as: CN110773960B

Abstract

The invention relates to a riveting assembly process method of an automobile hub bearing and an auxiliary process device thereof, wherein the auxiliary process device comprises a prepressing device, a displacement measuring device and a workbench auxiliary device, and specifically, all parts of a hub bearing 15 are combined and placed in an installation sleeve 3 on a workbench, the workbench 1 is fed to enable the hub bearing 15 to be prepressed through the prepressing device firstly, gaps among all components in the hub bearing 15 are eliminated, then riveting is carried out through a riveting head 10, after the stroke requirement measured by the displacement measuring device is met, pressure maintaining is carried out for 0.1-0.5 s, the workbench 1 returns, and workpieces are taken back. The riveting assembly process method can realize precise riveting of each hub bearing by combining with the corresponding auxiliary process device, ensures that the hub bearing obtains the required axial working clearance and clamping force, greatly improves the reliability and safety of the hub bearing, prolongs the service life of the hub bearing and has high production efficiency.

Description

Automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process method and auxiliary process device thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a swing rolling riveting assembly manufacturing method for an automobile hub bearing and an auxiliary process device thereof, belonging to the field of mechanical manufacturing processes and equipment.

Background

The hub bearing is one of key parts of an automobile, and has important influence on the safety, comfort, economy and the like of the automobile. With the increasing requirements of light weight, safety, energy conservation and emission reduction of automobiles, the hub bearing is continuously updated. The third generation hub bearing widely used at present integrates components such as an outer ring, an inner ring, a rolling body and a retainer together and integrates an ABS sensor, and the traditional assembly mode adopts a nut to clamp. However, with the increasingly outstanding requirements on energy conservation, reliability, cost and the like, the shaft end riveting type assembly gradually replaces the nut clamping type assembly. The reason is that the rivet assembly mode of the shaft end can remove the nut, reduce weight and size, have more compact structure and greatly improve service life and reliability. Some famous bearing manufacturing enterprises abroad successively and successfully develop a hub bearing shaft riveting assembly process and machine tool equipment, and promote a shaft end riveting type hub bearing product. Some domestic units transform the original spinning machine tool into wheel hub bearing riveting assembly machine tool equipment or directly purchase foreign machine tool equipment, but because the core riveting process technology is not mastered, the quality of the wheel hub bearing manufactured in a trial mode is unstable, the wheel hub bearing is difficult to apply to the host market, and the wheel hub bearing is basically used for later-stage maintenance of the automobile. Therefore, the invention aims to design a riveting assembly process capable of accurately controlling the working clearance of the automobile hub bearing and an auxiliary process device thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a riveting assembly process and an auxiliary process device thereof, which can accurately control the working clearance of an automobile hub bearing, realize the precise control of the pretightening force of the automobile hub bearing, improve the reliability of the automobile hub bearing and prolong the service life of the automobile hub bearing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process method and an auxiliary process device thereof are characterized in that:

step 1, prepressing: the device is characterized in that parts of a hub bearing are combined firstly and then placed on a workbench auxiliary device, the workbench auxiliary device comprises a pressure sensor and a mounting sleeve, the pressure sensor is mounted on a workbench, the mounting sleeve is mounted on the pressure sensor, the combined hub bearing is placed on the mounting sleeve and is pre-pressed through a pre-pressing device, the pre-pressing device comprises a transition sleeve, a top iron, a strong iron fixing sleeve, a strong iron, an armature, a guide sleeve, an additional device mounting fixing plate and fixing screws, the transition sleeve is placed on an upper inner ring end face B of the hub bearing, the workbench is fed to enable the transition sleeve to firstly contact the top iron, the top iron is clamped by the strong iron fixing sleeve and the armature through self-convex edges, the strong iron is mounted on the periphery of the strong iron fixing sleeve and is mounted on the guide sleeve through the fixing screws, and the armature is sleeved on the guide sleeve through holes uniformly distributed on the periphery of the, before riveting, the armature can be tightly attached to the strong magnet under the action of magnetic force and gravity, the guide sleeve is arranged on an additional device mounting fixing plate through a fixing screw, the additional device mounting fixing plate can be connected with a machine tool body and mounted, the top iron can apply pressure to the hub bearing through a transition sleeve to carry out prepressing in the feeding process of the workbench, the clearance of a hub bearing assembly is eliminated, namely, the initial clearance is ensured to be 0, the prepressing is measured by a pressure sensor fixed on the workbench, the displacement is measured by a displacement measuring device which is a grating ruler, the grating reading head of the grating ruler is arranged on the workbench, a scale grating is arranged on the machine tool body, when the prepressing reaches the specific threshold value, namely, the suction force of the strong magnet, the reading in the grating reading head is obtained, the axial position of the end face B of the upper inner ring is determined, and when the workbench continues to, the prepressing force is larger than the attraction force of the armature iron and the strong magnet, so that the armature iron is separated from the strong magnet, and the prepressing of the hub bearing is cancelled.

Step 2, riveting: the workbench continuously feeds, an inner shaft end face D of the hub bearing is contacted with a rivet head, the rivet head inclines by a certain angle and rolls on the inner shaft end face, the pressure sensor measures axial riveting force, when the axial riveting force reaches a specific threshold value, reading in the grating reading head is obtained, the axial position of the inner shaft end face D is determined, the axial position of the upper inner ring end face B measured in the step 1 and the axial position of the inner shaft end face D measured in the step are fed back to the control system, the distance between the upper inner ring end face B and the inner shaft end face D is obtained in real time, the distance is the basis of controlling the riveting assembly stroke of the hub bearing, the workbench continuously feeds the required stroke distance, the shaft end of the inner shaft is continuously subjected to local pressure of the rivet head to gradually generate plastic deformation, and finally, a flanging is buckled on the upper inner ring end face B.

Step 3, pressure maintaining: and stopping feeding after the workbench is fed to the required stroke distance, continuously rolling the shaft end of the inner shaft by the rivet head for 0.1-0.5 s, reducing the elastic recovery of the material of the shaft end, so that the hub bearing obtains the required axial working clearance and clamping force, then withdrawing the workbench, taking down the hub bearing, and completing riveting assembly. In the invention, the upper surface of the top iron in the pre-pressing device is an outer convex arc surface and is closely matched with the inner concave arc surface of the armature, so that the top iron can be automatically centered in the process of attracting the strong magnet and the armature.

In the invention, 4 guide sleeves in the pre-pressing device, through holes of corresponding armatures, fixing screws and through holes in the additional device mounting fixing plate are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, but not limited to 4.

In the invention, 8 strong magnets are uniformly distributed in the pre-pressing device in the circumferential direction, but not limited to 8 strong magnets.

In the invention, the displacement measuring device is not limited to a grating ruler, and can also adopt a laser micrometer and the like, and the specific installation structure needs to be designed according to the requirements of the displacement measuring device.

Compared with the prior art, the automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process method and the auxiliary process device thereof can not only automatically eliminate the preassembly clearance of each hub bearing on line in the assembly process, but also accurately measure and control the riveting amount of each hub bearing, even if the height difference distribution range of the inner shaft and the inner ring of the hub bearing caused by the manufacturing error is relatively large, the hub bearing products produced in batches can be ensured to obtain relatively consistent axial working clearance and clamping force, and the reliability, safety and service life of the hub bearing products are greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a riveting assembly process method of an automobile hub bearing and an auxiliary process device thereof.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of riveting step 2 in the automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of step 3-pressure maintaining in the riveting assembly process of the automobile hub bearing according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-workbench, 2-pressure sensor, 3-mounting sleeve, 4-strong magnet, 5-fixing screw, 6-strong magnet fixing sleeve, 7-armature, 8-guide sleeve, 9-additional device mounting fixing plate, 10-rivet, 11-top iron, 12-transition sleeve, 13-upper inner ring, 14-inner shaft, 15-hub bearing, 16-scale grating, 17-grating reading head, 18-machine tool body, 19-lower inner ring.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Referring to the attached

drawings

1, 2, 3 and 4, the riveting assembly process method of the automobile hub bearing comprises three steps of prepressing, riveting and pressure maintaining, and the related auxiliary process device comprises a prepressing device, a displacement measuring device and a workbench auxiliary device.

(refer to the attached drawings 1 and 2) during riveting assembly, all parts of the hub bearing 15 are combined firstly and then placed on a workbench auxiliary device, the workbench auxiliary device comprises a pressure sensor 2 and a mounting sleeve 3, the pressure sensor 2 is mounted on a workbench 1, the mounting sleeve 3 is mounted on the pressure sensor 2, the combined, namely pre-assembled hub bearing 15 is placed on the mounting sleeve 3 and pre-pressed through a pre-pressing device, the pre-pressing device comprises a transition sleeve 12, a top iron 11, a strong iron fixing sleeve 6, a strong iron 4, an armature 7, a guide sleeve 8, an additional device mounting fixing plate 9 and a fixing screw 5, the transition sleeve 12 is placed on an end face B of an upper inner ring 13 of the hub bearing 15, the workbench 1 is fed to enable the transition sleeve 12 to contact the top iron 11 firstly, and the top iron 11 is clamped by the strong iron fixing sleeve 6 and the armature 7 through a self-protruded edge, the periphery of the strong magnet fixing sleeve 6 is provided with a strong magnet 4 and is arranged on a guide sleeve 8 through a fixing screw 5, the armature 7 is arranged on the guide sleeve 8 through holes uniformly distributed on the periphery of the armature 7, before riveting, the armature 7 can be tightly attached to the strong magnet 4 under the action of magnetic force and gravity, the guide sleeve 8 is arranged on an additional device mounting and fixing plate 9 through a fixing screw 5, the additional device mounting and fixing plate 9 can be connected with a machine tool body 18 for mounting, the top iron 11 can apply pressure to a hub bearing 15 through a transition sleeve 12 for prepressing in the feeding process of the workbench 1, the gap of a hub bearing assembly is eliminated, namely, the initial gap is ensured to be 0, the prepressing pressure is measured by a pressure sensor 2 fixed on the workbench 1, the displacement is measured by a displacement measuring device which is a grating ruler, and a grating reading head 17 of the grating ruler is arranged on the workbench, the scale grating 16 is arranged on a machine tool body 18, when the pre-pressure reaches a specific threshold value, namely the attraction force of the strong magnet 4, the reading in the grating reading head 17 is obtained, the axial position of the end face B of the upper inner ring 13 is determined, and when the workbench 1 continues to feed, the pre-pressure is larger than the attraction force of the armature 7 and the strong magnet 4, so that the armature 7 is separated from the strong magnet 4, and the pre-pressure on the hub bearing 15 is cancelled.

(see the attached figure 3) with the continuous feeding of the workbench 1, the end face D of the inner shaft 14 of the hub bearing 15 is contacted with the rivet head 10, the rivet head 10 inclines by a certain angle and rolls on the end face of the inner shaft 14, the pressure sensor 2 measures the axial riveting force, when the axial riveting force reaches a specific threshold value, the reading in the grating reading head 17 is obtained, the axial position of the end face D of the inner shaft 14 is determined, the axial position of the end face B of the upper inner ring 13 measured in the step 1 and the axial position of the end face D of the inner shaft 14 measured in the step are fed back to the control system, the distance between the end face B of the upper inner ring 13 and the end face D of the inner shaft 14 is obtained in real time, the distance is the basis of the riveting assembly stroke control of the hub bearing 15, the stroke distance required by the continuous feeding of the workbench 1, and the plastic deformation gradually generated by the continuous local pressure of the rivet head 10, and finally, the flanging is buckled on the end surface B of the upper inner ring 13.

(see the attached figure 4) when the workbench 1 is fed to the required stroke distance, the feeding is stopped, the riveting head 10 continuously rolls the shaft end of the inner shaft 14 for 0.1-0.5 s to perform pressure maintaining, the elastic recovery of the shaft end material is reduced, so that the hub bearing 15 obtains the required axial working clearance and clamping force, then the workbench 1 retracts, the hub bearing 15 is removed, and the riveting assembly is completed.

(refer to the attached figure 1), the upper surface of the top iron 11 in the pre-pressing device is an outer convex arc surface and is closely matched with an inner concave arc surface of the armature 7, so that the top iron 11 can be automatically centered in the suction process of the strong magnet 4 and the armature 7.

(refer to the attached figures 1 and 2) in the pre-pressing device of the invention, 4 guide sleeves 8, corresponding through holes of the armatures 7, the fixing screws 5 and the through holes of the additional device mounting fixing plates 9 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, but the number of the through holes is not limited to 4. 8 strong magnets in the pre-pressing device are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, but not limited to 8 strong magnets, and the number of the strong magnets can be set according to the required pre-pressing force.

In addition, the displacement measuring device is not limited to a grating ruler, a laser micrometer and the like can be adopted, and the specific installation structure needs to be designed according to the requirements of the displacement measuring device.

The specific working principle of the invention is as follows: after a preassembled hub bearing 15 is placed on the mounting sleeve 3, the workbench 1 is fed for riveting assembly, the top iron 11 can apply pressure to the hub bearing 15 through the transition sleeve 12 in the feeding process of the workbench 1, so that the gap of each component in the hub bearing 15 is eliminated, namely, the initial gap is ensured to be 0, the applied pressure, namely, prepressing force is measured by the pressure sensor 2 fixed on the workbench 1, the displacement of the workbench 1 is measured through the grating reading head 17 of the grating ruler, when the prepressing force reaches a specific threshold value, namely, the attraction force of the strong magnet 4, the reading in the grating reading head 17 is obtained, so that the axial position of the end face B of the upper inner ring 13 is determined, and when the workbench 1 is continuously fed, the prepressing force is larger than the attraction force of the armature 7 and the strong magnet 4, so that the armature 7 is separated from the strong magnet 4, and the prepressing of the hub bearing 15 is cancelled. This completes the pre-pressing.

The workbench 1 is continuously fed, the end surface D of the inner shaft 14 of the hub bearing 15 is contacted with the rivet head 10, the rivet head 10 inclines for a certain angle, rolling on the axial end of the inner shaft 14, the pressure sensor 2 measures the axial riveting force which, when it reaches a certain threshold value, reading in the grating reading head 17 is obtained, the axial position of the end face D of the inner shaft 14 is determined, the measured axial position of the end face B of the upper inner ring 13 and the measured axial position of the end face D of the inner shaft 14 are fed back to a control system, the distance between the end face B of the upper inner ring 13 and the end face D of the inner shaft 14 is obtained in real time, the distance is the basis of controlling the riveting assembly stroke of the hub bearing 15, the workbench 1 continuously feeds the required stroke distance, the shaft end of the inner shaft 14 is continuously subjected to the local pressure of the riveting head 10 to gradually generate plastic deformation, and finally the flanging is buckled on the end face B of the upper inner ring 13. This completes the riveting. And stopping feeding after the workbench 1 feeds to the travel distance fed back by the control system, continuously rolling the shaft end of the inner shaft 14 by the rivet head 10 for 0.1-0.5 s, reducing the elastic recovery of the material at the shaft end of the inner shaft 14, so that the hub bearing 15 obtains the required axial working clearance and clamping force, then withdrawing the workbench 1, taking down the hub bearing 15, and completing riveting assembly.

The technical scheme of the invention mainly aims at the hub bearing products with two inner rings (namely the upper inner ring 13 and the lower inner ring 19) not in contact, ensures that the axial working clearance and the clamping force of batch products are better consistent, and greatly improves the reliability and the service life of the hub bearing.

Claims

1. A automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process method and an auxiliary process device thereof are characterized in that:

step 1, prepressing: the method is characterized in that parts of a hub bearing (15) are combined firstly and then placed on a workbench auxiliary device, the workbench auxiliary device comprises a pressure sensor (2) and a mounting sleeve (3), the pressure sensor (2) is mounted on a workbench (1), the mounting sleeve (3) is mounted on the pressure sensor (2), the combined hub bearing (15) is placed on the mounting sleeve (3) and pre-pressed through a pre-pressing device, the pre-pressing device comprises a transition sleeve (12), a top iron (11), a strong-magnet fixing sleeve (6), a strong magnet (4), an armature (7), a guide sleeve (8), an additional device mounting fixing plate (9) and a fixing screw (5), the transition sleeve (12) is placed on an upper inner ring (13) end face B of the hub bearing (15), the workbench (1) is fed to enable the transition sleeve (12) to contact the top iron (11) firstly, the top iron (11) is clamped by a strong magnet fixing sleeve (6) and an armature (7) through the self convex edge, the strong magnet (4) is installed at the periphery of the strong magnet fixing sleeve (6) and is installed on a guide sleeve (8) through a fixing screw (5), the armature (7) is sleeved on the guide sleeve (8) through a through hole uniformly distributed at the periphery of the armature (7), the armature (7) can be tightly attached to the strong magnet (4) due to the action of magnetic force and gravity before riveting, the guide sleeve (8) is installed on an additional device installation fixing plate (9) through the fixing screw (5), the additional device installation fixing plate (9) can be connected with a machine tool body (18) for installation, the top iron (11) can apply pressure to a hub bearing (15) through a transition sleeve (12) for prepressing in the feeding process of the workbench (1), and the gap of a hub bearing assembly is eliminated, the initial clearance is guaranteed to be 0, the prepressing force is measured by a pressure sensor (2) fixed on a workbench (1), the displacement is measured by a displacement measuring device which is a grating ruler, a grating reading head (17) of the grating ruler is installed on the workbench (1), a scale grating (16) is installed on a machine tool body (18), when the prepressing force reaches a specific threshold value, namely the attraction force of a strong magnet (4), the reading in the grating reading head (17) is obtained, the axial position of the end surface B of an upper inner ring (13) is determined, and when the workbench (1) continues to feed, the prepressing force is larger than the attraction force of an armature (7) and the strong magnet (4), so that the armature (7) is separated from the strong magnet (4), and the prepressing of a hub bearing (15) is cancelled;

step 2, riveting: the workbench (1) continues to feed, the end face D of the inner shaft (14) of the hub bearing (15) is contacted with the rivet head (10), the rivet head (10) inclines for a certain angle and rolls on the end face of the inner shaft (14), the pressure sensor (2) measures axial riveting force, when the axial riveting force reaches a specific threshold value, reading in a grating reading head (17) is obtained, the axial position of the end face D of the inner shaft (14) is determined, the axial position of the end face B of the upper inner ring (13) measured in the step (1) and the axial position of the end face D of the inner shaft (14) measured in the step are fed back to a control system, the distance between the end face B of the upper inner ring (13) and the end face D of the inner shaft (14) is obtained in real time, the distance is the basis of controlling the riveting assembly stroke of the hub bearing (15), and the workbench (1) continues to feed for the required stroke distance, the shaft end of the inner shaft (14) is continuously subjected to local pressure of the rivet head (10) to gradually generate plastic deformation, and finally the flanging is buckled on the end face B of the upper inner ring (13);

step 3, pressure maintaining: and stopping feeding after the workbench (1) is fed to a required stroke distance, continuously rolling the shaft end of the inner shaft (14) by the rivet head (10) for 0.1-0.5 s, reducing the elastic recovery of the material at the shaft end, so that the hub bearing (15) obtains a required axial working clearance and clamping force, then withdrawing the workbench (1), taking down the hub bearing (15), and completing riveting assembly.

2. The automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process method and the auxiliary process device thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface of the top iron (11) in the pre-pressing device is an outer convex arc surface and is in close fit with an inner concave arc surface of the armature (7), so that the top iron (11) can be automatically centered in the attraction process of the strong magnet (4) and the armature (7).

3. The automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process method and the auxiliary process device thereof according to claim 2, characterized in that: 4 groups of guide sleeves (8) in the pre-pressing device, through holes of corresponding armatures (7), fixing screws (5) and through holes in an additional device mounting fixing plate (9) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction correspondingly, but the pre-pressing device is not limited to 4 groups, and 3 groups or more than 4 groups can be arranged according to the mounting strength requirement.

4. The automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process method and the auxiliary process device thereof according to claim 3, characterized in that: 8 strong magnets (4) in the pre-pressing device are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, but the number of strong magnets is not limited to 8, and the strong magnets can be reduced or increased according to the size of the pre-pressing force.

5. The automobile hub bearing riveting assembly process method and the auxiliary process device thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: the displacement measuring device is not limited to a grating ruler, and can also adopt displacement measuring instruments such as a laser micrometer and an optical fiber sensor, and the specific installation structure needs to be designed according to the requirements of the displacement measuring instruments.