CN110773817A - Device for machining high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline - Google Patents
Device for machining high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110773817A CN110773817A CN201911068106.4A CN201911068106A CN110773817A CN 110773817 A CN110773817 A CN 110773817A CN 201911068106 A CN201911068106 A CN 201911068106A CN 110773817 A CN110773817 A CN 110773817A
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- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- arm
- grinding arm
- profile
- diameter
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005552 hardfacing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010862 gear shaping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
Abstract
The device is used for machining the internal spline of the output shaft, the internal spline of the output shaft comprises a first spline part and a second spline part, the maximum distance L1 between the second spline part and the large-diameter end face of the output shaft is greater than or equal to 140mm, and the small diameter D1 of the second spline part is smaller than 32 mm. The grinding arm is of a cylindrical structure formed by combining an upper grinding arm and a lower grinding arm, the diameter of the profile grinding wheel is not larger than that of the grinding arm, a rotating shaft of the profile grinding wheel and the rotating shaft of the driving mechanism are on the same plane, an included angle is formed between the axis of the grinding arm and the plane where the rotating shaft of the profile grinding wheel is located, and the profile grinding wheel is only exposed on the front end face and one side face of the grinding arm. The device for processing the high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline greatly improves the processing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a device for machining a high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline of an output shaft of an aircraft engine.
Background
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an output shaft of an aircraft engine, and as shown in fig. 1, the output shaft 100 is an output shaft for a small and medium-sized aircraft engine, and has a stepped shaft-shaped structure, an installation step portion is arranged outside the output shaft, and two internal splines, including a first spline portion with a large diameter and a second spline portion with a small diameter, are arranged in an internal through hole. The maximum distance L1 between the second spline section and the large-diameter end surface of the output shaft 100 is 140mm or more, and the dimension of the minor diameter D1 of the second spline section is less than 32 mm.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the tooth shapes of the first spline portion and the second spline portion of fig. 1. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, since the internal splines (i.e., the first spline portion and the second spline portion) of the output shaft 100 play a role in transmitting torque, in order to reduce wear and increase the safety factor of the engine, the tooth profiles of the first spline portion and the second spline portion need to be carburized and quenched, the hardness HRC is greater than 58, the tooth profile tolerance requirement is 0.0076, the tooth profile tolerance requirement is 0.01, and all index requirements are strict. In order to meet the precision requirement, in the existing production process, the process flow of firstly gear shaping, then carburizing and quenching and finally gear grinding is adopted for processing.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a conventional grinding machine for grinding work; referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the process of processing the output shaft 100, the mounting stepped portion is usually used as a clamping reference, and as described above, since the maximum distance L1 between the second spline portion and the large-diameter end surface of the output shaft 100 is long, in the conventional processing process, two sets of jigs are usually required to be provided for processing the first spline portion and the second spline portion of the output shaft 100, that is, one set of jig is required to be used for each of the first spline portion and the second spline portion, so that the grinding arm of the grinding machine can extend into a processing position from the nearest end surface of the output shaft 100, and thus, the processing efficiency is low. Referring to fig. 3, in a grinding structure of a conventional grinding machine, a grinding wheel rotating shaft and a driving mechanism rotating shaft are in the same plane, and are in the same plane with an axis of a grinding arm, that is, a diameter of a grinding wheel needs to be larger than that of the grinding arm, the grinding wheel grinds an inner wall of a workpiece by moving the grinding arm in a horizontal plane during the grinding process, and a cooling oil spraying device needs to be separately arranged during the grinding process to spray oil and cool a grinding processing position from a relative position or a side surface of the grinding arm. The existing grinding arm is usually made of a whole metal bar stock, and the working positions of a chain or a belt for directly driving a driving mechanism and a grinding wheel are usually processed on two sides of the grinding arm.
For the output shaft 100 of fig. 1, because the small diameter D1 of the second spline portion is small, when machining is performed on the existing equipment, on one hand, the diameter of the grinding arm needs to be set to be small (about 15mm) to ensure that a sufficient working surface is left for a grinding wheel, which makes the rigidity of the grinding arm difficult to guarantee, and vibration may occur, and on the other hand, because the small diameter D1 of the second spline portion is smaller than 32mm, the existing cooling oil injection device is also difficult to cool the machining position, so that only small machining parameters can be set, and machining efficiency is greatly affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for high precision machining of internal splines of hard tooth surfaces to reduce or avoid the aforementioned problems.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a device for machining a high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline, which is used for machining an internal spline of an output shaft, wherein the internal spline of the output shaft comprises a first spline part and a second spline part, the maximum distance L1 between the second spline part and the large-diameter end surface of the output shaft is larger than or equal to 140mm, and the size of the small diameter D1 of the second spline part is smaller than 32 mm. The grinding arm is of a cylindrical structure formed by combining an upper grinding arm and a lower grinding arm, the diameter of the profile grinding wheel is not larger than that of the grinding arm, a rotating shaft of the profile grinding wheel and the rotating shaft of the driving mechanism are on the same plane, an included angle is formed between the axis of the grinding arm and the plane where the rotating shaft of the profile grinding wheel is located, and the profile grinding wheel is only exposed on the front end face and one side face of the grinding arm.
Preferably, the upper grinding arm is provided with a pin hole for mounting the profile grinding wheel, a cooling oil channel is arranged in the upper grinding arm, and a first oil outlet is arranged in the pin hole of the upper grinding arm.
Preferably, the upper grinding arm is provided with a second oil outlet at an inner side wall facing the profile grinding wheel.
Preferably, the lower grinding arm is provided with a chain groove for the laying and movement of a chain or belt.
Preferably, the upper grinding arm is made by casting.
Preferably, the diameter of said first oil outlet and said second oil outlet is 3-6 mm.
Preferably, the outer surface of the upper grinding arm is further provided with a groove, the cross section of the groove is a semi-circular arc surface with the diameter of 3.2mm to 4.5mm, the groove extends to one side of the driving mechanism, so that a plastic pipe can be embedded into the groove, and the plastic pipe is used for directly spraying oil to a working position of the profile grinding wheel during grinding.
Preferably, the plastic tube is a commercially available infusion tube with an outer diameter of between 3.2mm and 4.5mm and an inner diameter of between 2.1mm and 3.2 mm.
Preferably, a portion of the plastic tube exposed at the end of the groove is used to adjust the spray direction.
Preferably, an interface of the external oil supply line at one side of the driving mechanism simultaneously supplies oil to the plastic pipe and the cooling oil passage through a three-way joint.
Compared with the existing processing mode, the device for processing the high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline reduces the clamping times, effectively solves the problem of cooling the processing surface during grinding the second spline part, and greatly improves the processing efficiency.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an output shaft of an aircraft engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the tooth profiles of the first and second spline portions of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the grinding operation of a conventional grinding machine
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the operation of an apparatus for high precision hardfacing internal spline machining in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic partial perspective view of the upper grinding arm of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the alternate view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic partial perspective view of the lower grinding arm of FIG. 5;
fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the profile wheel of fig. 5.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like parts are given like reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an output shaft of an aircraft engine; FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the operation of an apparatus for high precision hardfacing internal spline machining in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 5; FIG. 7 is a schematic partial perspective view of the upper grinding arm of FIG. 5; FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the alternate view of FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is a schematic partial perspective view of the lower grinding arm of FIG. 5; fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the profile wheel of fig. 5. Wherein fig. 7, 8 and 9 are mainly used to show the structural principle of the upper and lower grinding arms 1 and 2 with the distinguishing technical features compared with the prior art, therefore, the three figures only show the partial three-dimensional structures of the upper and lower grinding arms 1 and 2.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4-10, the invention provides a device for machining a high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline, which is used for machining an internal spline of an output shaft 100, wherein the internal spline of the output shaft 100 comprises a first spline part and a second spline part, the maximum distance L1 between the second spline part and a large-diameter end surface of the output shaft 100 is greater than or equal to 140mm, and the size of a small diameter D1 of the second spline part is less than 32 mm.
The grinding arm is of a cylindrical structure formed by combining an upper grinding arm 1 and a lower grinding arm 2, the diameter of the profile grinding wheel 3 is not larger than that of the grinding arm, a rotating shaft of the profile grinding wheel 3 and a rotating shaft of the driving mechanism are in the same plane, an included angle is formed between the axis of the grinding arm and the plane where the rotating shaft of the profile grinding wheel 3 is located, and the profile grinding wheel 3 is only exposed at the front end face and one side face of the grinding arm.
Reference is made to fig. 5, 6 and 10, wherein fig. 10 only schematically shows the position relationship of the profile grinding wheel 3 and the transmission gear 31. The profile grinding wheel 3 is provided with a transmission gear 31, the transmission gear 31 is connected with the driving mechanism through a chain or a belt (not shown in the figure),
the transmission gear 31 is fixedly connected with the profile grinding wheel 3 through interference fit.
The transmission gear 31 is clamped at the front ends of the upper grinding arm 1 and the lower grinding arm 2 through a pin and a bearing.
Referring to fig. 5-7, the upper grinding arm 1 is provided with a pin hole 11 for mounting the profile grinding wheel 3, a cooling oil channel 12 is provided in the upper grinding arm 1, the upper grinding arm 1 is provided with a first oil outlet 121 in the pin hole 11, a second oil outlet 122 is provided on the inner side wall facing the profile grinding wheel 3,
the lower grinding arm 2 is provided with a chain groove 21 for the laying and movement of a chain or belt.
The upper and lower arms 1, 2 may be fixedly connected by means of screws or bolts (not shown) as long as the assembly holes (not shown) for assembling the screws or bolts do not affect the profiles of the upper and lower arms 1, 2. Of course, adhesive can also be used on the bonding surface to increase the bonding strength.
The upper grinding arm 1 may be made by casting, which facilitates the manufacture of the cooling oil passage 12 and the first and second oil outlets 121 and 122. The cooling oil passage 12 is provided with a port (not shown) for communicating with an external oil supply line in a cavity on a side close to the driving mechanism, so that oil can be supplied from the driving mechanism side.
The dimensions of the cooling oil channel 12, the first oil outlet 121 and the second oil outlet 122 can be made as large as possible without affecting the strength and rigidity of the upper grinding arm 1, which ensures as large an oil supply as possible. Typically, the diameter of said first oil outlet 121 and said second oil outlet 122 may be 3-6 mm.
The cooling oil injected from the first oil outlet 121 can lubricate the pin hole 11 on one hand, and can flow to the surface of the profile grinding wheel 3 on the other hand, so as to lubricate the profile grinding wheel 3 and the working surface under the action of centrifugal force. The cooling oil sprayed from the second oil outlet 122 is directly sprayed on the surface of the profile grinding wheel 3, and most of the cooling oil can be guaranteed to be scattered near the working surface under the action of centrifugal force under the rotation of the profile grinding wheel 3, so that the heat dissipation of the workpiece around the working surface and the profile grinding wheel 3 is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 8, in a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the upper grinding arm 1 may be further processed with a groove 13, the cross section of the groove 13 may be a semicircular arc surface with a diameter of 3.2mm to 4.5mm, that is, the cross section of the groove 13 may be an arc surface with a circumference of 2/3, the groove 13 may extend to one side of the driving mechanism, so that a plastic tube (for example, a commercially available infusion tube with an outer diameter of 3.2mm to 4.5mm and an inner diameter of 2.1mm to 3.2 mm) may be embedded in the groove 13, and due to the flexibility of the plastic tube, a portion may be exposed at the end of the groove 13 to adjust the injection direction, so that the oil injection operation may be performed directly to the working position of the profile grinding wheel 3 through the embedded plastic tube (not shown), thereby more effectively reducing the temperature of the working surface. That is, when the plastic tube is deployed, the interface of the external oil supply line on the driving mechanism side can supply oil to the plastic tube and the cooling oil passage 12 simultaneously through a three-way joint.
The driving mechanism is used for transmitting the rotation torque of the grinding machine to the profile grinding wheel 3 through a chain or a belt, so that the driving mechanism in the prior art can be adopted for realizing the rotation torque, and the details are not repeated in the application.
The biggest difference between the invention and the prior art is that:
the profile grinding wheel 3 is offset and only exposed out of the front end face and one side face of the grinding arm, so that the grinding arm has a larger diameter (for example, the diameter can reach 23mm), the grinding arm has enough rigidity, the output shaft 100 only needs to be clamped once, and then the first spline part and the second spline part can be machined from one side of the large-diameter end face of the output shaft 100.
In addition, because the upper grinding arm 1 is not only provided with the first oil outlet 121 and the second oil outlet 122, but also can be externally provided with the plastic pipe capable of adjusting the spraying angle to directly spray oil to the working position of the profile grinding wheel 3 during grinding, the cooling problem of the processing surface during grinding of the second spline part can be effectively solved, and thus, the processing parameters with higher efficiency can be adopted, and the processing speed is improved.
Compared with the existing processing mode, the device for processing the high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline reduces the clamping times, effectively solves the problem of cooling the processing surface during grinding the second spline part, and greatly improves the processing efficiency.
It should be appreciated by those of skill in the art that while the present invention has been described in terms of several embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment. The description is given for clearness of understanding only, and it is to be understood that all matters in the embodiments are to be interpreted as including technical equivalents which are related to the embodiments and which are combined with each other to illustrate the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent alterations, modifications and combinations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The device for machining the high-precision hardened tooth surface internal spline is used for machining the internal spline of the output shaft, and is characterized in that the internal spline of the output shaft comprises a first spline part and a second spline part, the maximum distance L1 between the second spline part and the large-diameter end face of the output shaft is greater than or equal to 140mm, and the small diameter D1 of the second spline part is smaller than 32 mm. The grinding arm is of a cylindrical structure formed by combining an upper grinding arm and a lower grinding arm, the diameter of the profile grinding wheel is not larger than that of the grinding arm, a rotating shaft of the profile grinding wheel and the rotating shaft of the driving mechanism are on the same plane, an included angle is formed between the axis of the grinding arm and the plane where the rotating shaft of the profile grinding wheel is located, and the profile grinding wheel is only exposed on the front end face and one side face of the grinding arm.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said upper grinding arm is provided with a pin hole for mounting said profile wheel, said upper grinding arm having a cooling oil passage therein, said upper grinding arm having a first oil outlet therein.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the upper grinding arm is provided with a second oil outlet at an inner side wall facing the profile wheel.
4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower grinding arm is provided with chain grooves for the laying and movement of a chain or belt.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the upper grinding arm is made by casting.
6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first oil outlet and the second oil outlet have a diameter of 3-6 mm.
7. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer surface of the upper grinding arm is further provided with a groove, the cross-section of which is an over-semicircular arc surface with a diameter of 3.2mm to 4.5mm, said groove extending to the side of the drive means, so that a plastic tube can be inserted in the groove, said plastic tube being used for spraying oil directly to the working site of the profile grinding wheel during grinding.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the plastic tube is a commercially available infusion tube having an outer diameter of between 3.2mm and 4.5mm and an inner diameter of between 2.1mm and 3.2 mm.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein a portion of the plastic tube is exposed at the end of the groove for adjusting the spray direction.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the interface of the external oil supply line on the side of the driving mechanism simultaneously supplies oil to the plastic tube and the cooling oil passage through a three-way joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911068106.4A CN110773817A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Device for machining high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911068106.4A CN110773817A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Device for machining high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110773817A true CN110773817A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911068106.4A Pending CN110773817A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Device for machining high-precision hard tooth surface internal spline |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110773817A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1073621A (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-06-30 | 森南产品公司 | Positive retracting honing mandrel |
| JPH07276224A (en) * | 1994-04-05 | 1995-10-24 | Nisshin Seisakusho:Kk | Honing tool for thin groove flat face and honing machine |
| CN201261147Y (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2009-06-24 | 钟洪 | Internal circle grinding tool |
| CN102294658A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2011-12-28 | 陕西秦川机械发展股份有限公司 | Grinding wheel device filled with cooling liquid |
| CN107971843A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 卡普机床有限公司 | The grinding arm being ground using emery wheel to the workpiece with Internal periphery |
| CN208409560U (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-01-22 | 无锡市明鑫机床有限公司 | Elongated deep hole bias inner circle mill bar |
-
2019
- 2019-11-05 CN CN201911068106.4A patent/CN110773817A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1073621A (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-06-30 | 森南产品公司 | Positive retracting honing mandrel |
| JPH07276224A (en) * | 1994-04-05 | 1995-10-24 | Nisshin Seisakusho:Kk | Honing tool for thin groove flat face and honing machine |
| CN201261147Y (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2009-06-24 | 钟洪 | Internal circle grinding tool |
| CN102294658A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2011-12-28 | 陕西秦川机械发展股份有限公司 | Grinding wheel device filled with cooling liquid |
| CN107971843A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 卡普机床有限公司 | The grinding arm being ground using emery wheel to the workpiece with Internal periphery |
| CN208409560U (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-01-22 | 无锡市明鑫机床有限公司 | Elongated deep hole bias inner circle mill bar |
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Application publication date: 20200211 |