CN110771510B - Method for preparing artificial clove seeds - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/005—Methods for micropropagation; Vegetative plant propagation using cell or tissue culture techniques
- A01H4/006—Encapsulated embryos for plant reproduction, e.g. artificial seeds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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Abstract
A method for preparing clove artificial seeds belongs to the technical field of plant artificial seed production. The production method comprises the steps of firstly, putting bud stem sections of the clove aseptic tissue culture seedlings into artificial endosperm on a super-clean workbench, uniformly mixing, sucking a propagule one time by a suction pipe, dripping the propagule into artificial seed coats for ion exchange reaction for 15min, rinsing with sterile water for 20min, stopping reaction, taking out, airing, transplanting and hardening the seedlings by using a transplanting matrix, keeping the matrix wet, spraying water for 4-5 times every day, and transplanting indoor hardening the seedlings. The clove artificial seed technology system established by the invention has good stability, simple and convenient manufacture and high emergence rate, and meanwhile, the clove used by the invention is a rare ornamental tree species in China, has novel resources, and establishes the artificial seed technology system for the first time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant artificial seed production, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing clove artificial seeds.
Background
Plant Artificial seeds (Artificial seeds) or Synthetic seeds (Synthetic seeds) are seeds produced artificially. The artificial seed technology is a new technology developed on the basis of the in vitro plant culture technology. The artificial seed is an artificial capsule containing plant embryoid or bud, nutrient, hormone and other components. The concept of artificial seeds was first proposed by Murashige in 1978 at the 4 th International society for plant tissue cell culture. Murashige considers that with the continuous development of plant tissue culture technology, a plurality of embryoids can be synchronously cultured by a small amount of explants, and the embryoids are embedded in certain capsules to have the function of seeds and can be directly used for field sowing. In 1985, Kamada, a Japanese scholar, extended the concept of artificial seeds, and he thought that granules produced by tissue culture with meristematic tissue (shoots, callus, embryoid and growing point, etc.) developing into whole plants, which can be used as substitutes for natural seeds for sowing, were all called artificial seeds, using an appropriate method for embedding. In 1995, Chinese scientists Chendeffu et al further extended the concept of artificial seeds, and they thought that somatic embryos produced in vitro culture of plants or meristematic tissues (such as embryoid bodies, buds, stem segments, etc.) capable of developing into whole plants were embedded in a shell containing nutrients and having a protective function, and that granules formed under appropriate conditions capable of germinating and emerging were all called artificial seeds. In recent years, this concept has been developed from the coating of somatic embryos in the narrow sense to the coating of any suitable plant propagules, such as adventitious buds, tubers, axillary buds, shoot tips, protocorms, callus and hairy roots.
Clove is deciduous shrub or arborvitae of Syzygium of Oleaceae, also called clove and Eugenia caryophyllata, and is a famous garden flower because of its slender and fragrant flower cylinder. The method has the advantages of large inflorescence, luxuriant flowering, elegant and fragrant flower color, strong habit and simple cultivation, thereby being widely applied to gardens. The clove native to north China has been cultivated in China for over 1000 years, and is a rare flower in China. The clove is mainly sown and propagated by the seedling, the offspring has large variation, the management is not facilitated, and the ornamental value of the clove is also influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the method for preparing the clove artificial seeds, and the established clove artificial seed technical system has the advantages of good stability, simple and convenient preparation and high emergence rate.
The invention relates to a method for preparing clove artificial seeds, which comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the bud stem sections of the clove aseptic tissue culture seedlings into artificial endosperm on a superclean bench, and uniformly mixing;
(2) sucking up one propagule each time by a suction pipe, and dripping the propagule into the artificial seed coat for ion exchange reaction for 15 min. The reaction was then stopped by rinsing with sterile water for 20 min. Fishing out and drying. Transplanting and hardening seedlings by using a transplanting matrix during transplanting, keeping the matrix moist, spraying water for 4-5 times every day, and hardening seedlings indoors.
Further, the formula of the artificial endosperm is as follows: MS, 1/2MS, 1/4MS and 1/8MS are used as basic culture media, the concentration of 6-BA is set to be 0.3-1.0 mg/L, the concentration of NAA is set to be 0.5-2.0 mg/L, the concentration of banana puree is set to be 0.5-4.0%, the concentration of active carbon is set to be 0.5-4%, the concentration of sucrose is set to be 3% and the concentration of agar is set to be 7%.
Further, the formula of the artificial seed coat is as follows: sodium alginate with the concentration of 1-5%, CaCl2 with the concentration of 1-3%, cellulose with the concentration of 1-5% and hemicellulose solution with the concentration of 1-5%.
Furthermore, the transplanting substrate is one of wood chips, humus soil and perlite.
Has the advantages that: the clove artificial seed technology system established by the invention has good stability, simple and convenient manufacture and high emergence rate, and meanwhile, the clove used by the invention is a rare ornamental tree species in China, has novel resources and is established for the first time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the artificial seeds of Eugenia caryophyllata manufactured in example 4.
FIG. 2 is the germination chart of the clove artificial seeds prepared in example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, in which the starting materials are all commercially available.
Example 1 screening of Artificial endosperm
Firstly, screening the most suitable rooting culture medium, and removing agar from the most suitable rooting culture medium to obtain the artificial endosperm. Taking MS, 1/2MS, 1/4MS and 1/8MS as basic culture media, setting the concentration of 6-BA as follows: 0.3-1.0 mg/L; the NAA concentration is: 0.5-2.0 mg/L; the concentration of the banana puree is as follows: 0.5-4.0%; the concentration of the active carbon is as follows: 0.5-4%; the sucrose concentration was 3% and the agar concentration was 7%. And (5) performing a factor 4 horizontal orthogonal design, and screening the artificial endosperm formula through an orthogonal test without considering interaction. The stem rooting rate was used as a screening index (see Table 1-1).
Experiment design: the artificial endosperm contains basic culture medium MS (A1), 1/2MS (A2), 1/4MS (A3) and 1/8MS (A4); 6-BA concentrations were designed to be 0.3mg/L (B1), 0.5mg/L (B2), 0.8mg/L (B3) and 1.0mg/L (B4); NAA concentration was designed to be 0.5% mg/L (C1), 1.0% mg/L (C2), 1.5mg/L (C3) and 2.0mg/L (C4); concentrations of banana puree were designed at 0.5% (D1), 1.0% (D2), 2.0% (D3) and 4.0% (D4); the activated carbon concentrations were designed to be 0.5% (E1), 1.0% (E2), 2.0% (E3) and 4.0% (E4). The orthogonal design method is adopted, the experimental treatment combinations are 16, and each treatment is provided with 5 times of repetition. Namely:
A1B1C1D1E1 treatment 1
A1B2C2D2E2 treatment 2
A1B3C3D3E3 Process 3
A1B4C4D4E4 treatment 4
A2B1C2D3E4 treatment 5
A2B2C3D4E3 treatment 6
A2B3C4D1E2 treatment 7
A2B4C1D2E1 treatment 8
A3B1C3D4E2 Process 9
A3B2C4D3E1 Process 10
A3B3C1D2E4 Process 11
A3B4C2D1E3 treatment 12
A4B1C4D2E3 treatment 13
A4B2C3D1E4 Process 14
A4B3C2D4E1 Process 15
A4B4C1D3E2 Process 16
TABLE 1-1 rooting percentage (%)
TABLE 1-2 analysis of variance of the results of TABLE 1-1
| Source of variation | Degree of freedom | Sum of squares | Mean square | F value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
| Treatment room | 15 | 5835.00 | 389.00 | 2.36** | 1.83 | 2.33 |
| Error of the measurement | 64 | 11520.00 | 180.00 | |||
| Total variation | 79 | 17355.00 |
Tables 1-3 test for significance of differences between the data of Table 1-1
The experimental results are as follows: the treatment combination A2B2C3D4E3 (i.e.: 1/2MS +6-BA0.5mg/L + NAA 1.5mg/L + sucrose 3.0% + agar 7% + banana puree 4% + activated charcoal 2%) was the most suitable rooting medium on which the rooting rate was the greatest.
Example 2 screening of Artificial seed coat
Taking a clove sterile tissue culture seedling with a bud stem section as a propagule, taking 1/2MS +6-BA0.5mg/L + NAA 1.5mg/L + sucrose 3.0% + banana puree 4% + active carbon 2% as artificial endosperm, and screening appropriate artificial seed coats. The artificial seed coat is made of sodium alginate with the concentration of 1-5 percent and CaCl with the concentration of 1-3 percent 2 The cellulose with the concentration of 1-5 percent and the hemicellulose solution with the concentration of 1-5 percent are matched with each other. 4, a factor 3 horizontal orthogonal design is made, and the artificial seed coat is screened by an orthogonal test without considering the interaction. The germination rate of the artificial seeds on 1/2MS + 4% banana puree culture medium is used as a screening index (see table 2-1).
Experiment design: in the artificial seed coat, the concentration of sodium alginate is 1% (A1), 3% (A2) and 5% (A3); CaCl 2 Concentrations were 1% (B1), 2% (B2), 3% (B3); the cellulose concentration is 1% (C1), 3% (C2), 5% (C3); the hemicellulose concentration was 1% (D1), 3% (D2), 5% (D3). The orthogonal design method is adopted, the experimental treatment combinations are 9, and each treatment is provided with 5 times of repetition. Namely:
A1B1C1D1 treatment 1
A1B2C2D2 treatment 2
A1B3C3D3 Process 3
A2B1C2D3 treatment 4
A2B2C3D1 treatment 5
A2B3C1D2 treatment 6
A3B1C3D2 treatment 7
A3B2C1D3 treatment 8
A3B3C2D1 Process 9
TABLE 2-1 Germination ratio (% of different treatments)
TABLE 2-2 analysis of variance of the results of TABLE 2-1
| Source of variation | Degree of freedom | Sum of squares | Mean square | F value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
| Treatment room | 8 | 2720.00 | 340.00 | 3.47** | 2.21 | 3.05 |
| Error of the measurement | 36 | 4960.00 | 137.78 | |||
| Total variation | 44 | 7680.00 |
Tables 2-3 test for significance of differences between the data of Table 2-1
| Treatment of | Mean number of | Difference of 5% | 1% difference |
| Treatment 5 | 92.00 | a | A |
| Treatment 6 | 84.00 | ab | AB |
| Treatment 4 | 80.00 | ab | AB |
| Treatment 7 | 76.00 | ab | AB |
| Treatment 8 | 76.00 | ab | AB |
| Process 1 | 72.00 | b | AB |
| Treatment 2 | 68.00 | b | B |
| Treatment 3 | 68.00 | b | B |
| Process 9 | 68.00 | b | B |
The experimental results are as follows: treatment combination A2B2C3D1 (i.e., 3% sodium alginate + 2% CaCl) 2 + 5% cellulose + 1% hemicellulose) is the most suitable artificial seed coat formulation.
Example 3 screening of the transplantation substrate
Three substrates of wood chip, humus soil and perlite are adopted for transplanting and hardening seedlings, the substrates are kept moist, the air humidity is 70% -90%, water is sprayed for 4-5 times every day, indoor hardening seedling transplanting is carried out, 10 seeds are transplanted in each pot after each treatment, and 5 times of repetition is set. The appropriate substrate was selected using the survival rate of transplantation as an index (see Table 3-1).
TABLE 3-1 survival rate (%) on different substrates
TABLE 3-2 analysis of variance of TABLE 3-1
| Source of variation | Degree of freedom | Sum of squares | Mean square | F value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
| Treatment room | 2 | 2333.33 | 1166.67 | 38.89** | 3.89 | 6.93 |
| Error of the measurement | 12 | 360.00 | 30.00 | |||
| Total variation | 14 | 2693.33 |
TABLE 3-3 significance of differences test for the data of TABLE 3-1
| Treatment of | Mean number of | Difference of 5% | 1% difference |
| Treatment 2 | 76.00 | a | A |
| Treatment 3 | 56.00 | b | B |
| Process 1 | 46.00 | c | B |
The experimental results are as follows: humus soil is the best substrate on which the survival rate of the cultivated plants is the largest.
Example 4
Placing the bud stem segment of the clove aseptic tissue culture seedling into artificial endosperm (the formula of the artificial endosperm is 1/2MS +6-BA0.5mg/L + NAA 1.5mg/L + sucrose 3.0% + banana puree 4% + active carbon 2%) on a superclean bench, mixing uniformly, and sucking one by a suction pipe each timeAdding the propagules into artificial seed coat (artificial seed coat, formula is 3% sodium alginate + 2% CaCl) 2 + 5% cellulose + 1% hemicellulose) for 15 min. The reaction was then stopped by rinsing with sterile water for 20 min. Fishing out and drying. During transplanting, humus soil is used as a transplanting matrix, transplanting and hardening seedlings are carried out, the matrix is kept moist, the air humidity is 80%, water is sprayed for 4-5 times every day, and indoor hardening seedling transplanting is carried out.
Example 5
Placing the bud stem segment of the clove aseptic tissue culture seedling into artificial endosperm (the formula of the artificial endosperm is MS +6-BA0.3mg/L + NAA 0.5mg/L + sucrose 3.0% + banana mud 0.5% + active carbon 0.5%), mixing uniformly, sucking one propagule each time by a suction pipe, and dripping the propagule onto artificial seed coat (the formula of the artificial seed coat is 1% sodium alginate + 1% CaCl) 2 + 1% cellulose + 3% hemicellulose) for 5 min. The reaction was then stopped by rinsing with sterile water for 10 min. Fishing out and drying. During transplanting, wood chips are used as a transplanting matrix, transplanting and hardening seedlings are carried out, the matrix is kept moist, the air humidity is 90%, water is sprayed for 4-5 times every day, and indoor hardening seedling transplanting is carried out.
Example 6
Placing the bud stem segment of the sterilized tissue culture seedling of clove into artificial endosperm (the formula of artificial endosperm is 1/8MS +6-BA1.0mg/L + NAA 2.0mg/L + sucrose 3.0% + banana mud 2.0% + active carbon 4.0%), mixing uniformly, sucking one propagule each time with a suction pipe, and dripping into artificial seed coat (the formula of artificial seed coat is 5% sodium alginate + 3% CaCl) 2 + 3% cellulose + 5% hemicellulose) for 10 min. The reaction was then stopped by rinsing with sterile water for 15 min. Fishing out and drying. During transplanting, perlite is used as a transplanting matrix, transplanting and hardening seedlings are carried out, the matrix is kept moist, the air humidity is 70%, water is sprayed for 4-5 times every day, and indoor hardening seedling transplanting is carried out.
The foregoing examples are provided for illustration and description of the invention only and are not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described examples. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (1)
1. The method for preparing the clove artificial seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, putting the bud stem sections of the clove aseptic tissue culture seedlings into artificial endosperm on a superclean workbench, and uniformly mixing;
s2, sucking one propagule each time by using a suction pipe, dripping the propagule into the artificial seed coat to perform ion exchange reaction for 15min, then rinsing the propagule with sterile water for 20min, stopping the reaction, fishing out and drying the propagule in the air;
s3, transplanting and hardening seedlings by using a transplanting matrix, keeping the matrix wet, spraying water for 4-5 times every day with the air humidity of 70% -90%, and transplanting indoor hardening seedlings;
the formula of the artificial endosperm in step S1 is as follows: MS or 1/2MS or 1/4MS or 1/8MS is used as a basic culture medium, the concentration of 6-BA is set to be 0.3-1.0 mg/L, the concentration of NAA is set to be 0.5-2.0 mg/L, the concentration of banana puree is set to be 0.5-4.0%, the concentration of active carbon is set to be 0.5-4%, the concentration of sucrose is set to be 3%, and the concentration of agar is set to be 7%;
the formula of the artificial seed coat in step S2 is as follows: sodium alginate with the concentration of 1-5 percent and CaCl with the concentration of 1-3 percent 2 Cellulose with the concentration of 1-5 percent and hemicellulose solution with the concentration of 1-5 percent;
in the step S3, the transplanting substrate is one of wood chips, humus soil and perlite.
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