CN110767734A - Display panel, display device and manufacturing method of display panel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a display panel, a display device and a manufacturing method of the display panel. The density of the pixel units in the first display area in the display panel is less than that of the pixel units in the second display area; in the first display area, a plurality of image acquisition units are arranged between the substrate and the film layer where the pixel units are located, and the vertical projection of the image acquisition units on the substrate is not overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units on the substrate; a light ray adjusting layer is arranged on one side of the pixel unit, which is far away from the substrate; the light ray adjusting layer comprises a plurality of first light ray converging units; the first light converging units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel units in the first display area, and the vertical projection of the first light converging units on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the vertical projection of the corresponding pixel units on the substrate, so that the effect of increasing the screen area ratio is realized on the premise of ensuring that the display panel has a longer service life.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel, a display device, and a method for manufacturing the display panel.
Background
At present, the smart phone is developed to a full screen stage, and full screen generally means that four frame positions of the smart phone are designed without frames, and the screen occupation ratio close to 100% is strived. The full-screen mobile phone faces various design and manufacturing difficulties, such as the position of the front camera. The solutions for the front camera include the following:
the first is a wide "forehead" design that reduces screen duty, preserves the top of the screen, such as the samsung Galaxy Note 9; the second is to adopt a special-shaped screen design with a display on the top of the screen, including Liuhai screen, water drop screen, beauty tip and other design schemes, such as iPhone X, millet 8 and the like; the third is to put the front camera at the bottom of the screen to make the screen occupy the top interval as much as possible, such as millet MIX 2S; the fourth is to adopt the mechanical lifting mode of the front camera, the inside of the front camera adopts mechanical transmission, and the camera is lifted when taking pictures, such as vivo NEX, OPPO Find X and the like. The screen occupation ratios of the first display screen, the second display screen and the third display screen are still large, and the requirements of users cannot be met. The fourth scheme is easy to appear in the using process, and the mechanical transmission device and the camera are damaged due to the fact that the mobile phone is collided, so that the bad phenomenon that the service life of the mobile phone is short occurs.
Therefore, the existing solutions cannot make the mobile phone have better performance on the premise of well complying with the development trend of increasing the screen ratio.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a display panel, a display device and a manufacturing method of the display panel, aiming at increasing the screen occupation ratio on the premise of ensuring that the display panel has longer service life.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel, including:
a substrate including a first display area and a second display area surrounding the first display area; a plurality of pixel units are arranged in the first display area and the second display area; the density of the pixel units in the first display area is smaller than that of the pixel units in the second display area;
in the first display area, a plurality of image acquisition units are arranged between the substrate and the film layer where the pixel units are located, and the vertical projection of the image acquisition units on the substrate is not overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units on the substrate;
a light ray adjusting layer is arranged on one side of the pixel unit, which is far away from the substrate; the light ray adjusting layer comprises a plurality of first light ray converging units; the first light converging units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel units in the first display area, and the vertical projection of the first light converging units on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units corresponding to the first light converging units on the substrate, so that the divergence angle of the pixel units in the first display area is smaller than that of the pixel units in the second display area.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, including the display panel provided in any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a manufacturing method of a display panel, where the manufacturing method of the display panel is used to manufacture any one of the display panels provided in the embodiments of the present invention;
the manufacturing method of the display panel comprises the following steps:
providing a substrate including a first display area and a second display area surrounding the first display area;
forming a plurality of image acquisition units in the first display area on the substrate;
forming pixel units on the substrate in the first display area and the second display area; the density of the pixel units in the first display area is smaller than that of the pixel units in the second display area, and the vertical projection of the image acquisition unit on the substrate is not coincident with that of the pixel units on the substrate;
forming a light adjusting layer on one side, away from the substrate, of the pixel unit in the first display area; the light ray adjusting layer comprises a plurality of first light ray converging units; the first light converging units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel units in the first display area, and the vertical projection of the first light converging units on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units corresponding to the first light converging units on the substrate, so that the divergence angle of the pixel units in the first display area is smaller than that of the pixel units in the second display area.
In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of image acquisition units are arranged between the substrate and the film layer where the pixel units are located in the first display area, and the vertical projection of the image acquisition units on the substrate is not overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units on the substrate; a light ray adjusting layer is arranged on one side of the pixel unit, which is far away from the substrate; the light ray adjusting layer comprises a plurality of first light ray converging units; the first light converging units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel units in the first display area, and the vertical projection of the first light converging units on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units corresponding to the first light converging units on the substrate, so that the divergence angle of the pixel units in the first display area is smaller than that of the pixel units in the second display area, the problem that an existing display panel cannot meet the development trend of increasing the screen occupation ratio is solved, the display panel has better performance, and the effect of increasing the screen occupation ratio on the premise of ensuring that the display panel has longer service life is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first light converging unit and a corresponding pixel unit in FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first display area of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pyramid structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a prism table according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a first display area of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a first display area of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic top view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second light converging unit shown in FIG. 11;
fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first light converging unit and a corresponding pixel unit in fig. 2. Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the display panel includes: a substrate 1, the substrate 1 including a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2 surrounding the first display area AA 1; a plurality of pixel units P are disposed in each of the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA 2; the density of the pixel units P in the first display area AA1 is less than that of the pixel units P in the second display area AA 2; in the first display area AA1, a plurality of image acquisition units 2 are arranged between the substrate 1 and the film layer where the pixel units P are located, and the vertical projection of the image acquisition units 2 on the substrate 1 is not coincident with the vertical projection of the pixel units P on the substrate 1; a light ray adjusting layer 3 is arranged on one side of the pixel unit P, which is far away from the substrate 1; the light ray adjusting layer 3 includes a plurality of first light ray converging units 31; the first light converging units 31 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel cells P located in the first display area AA1, and the vertical projection of the first light converging unit 31 on the substrate 1 and the vertical projection of the pixel cell P corresponding thereto on the substrate 1 at least partially coincide such that the divergence angle of the pixel cell P located in the first display area AA1 is smaller than the divergence angle of the pixel cell P located in the second display area AA 2.
The image capturing unit 2 refers to a device having basic functions such as video shooting/transmission and still image capturing, and may be a camera, for example.
Alternatively, the area of the first display area AA1 except for the area where the pixel unit P is disposed is defined as a semi-transmissive area. The semi-transparent area comprises a plurality of scattered transmission areas, and the vertical projection of any transmission area on the substrate 1 is positioned between the vertical projections of two adjacent pixel units P on the substrate 1. The image acquisition unit 2 is disposed in the transmission region. Alternatively, the display panel includes a plurality of image capturing units 2, and only one image capturing unit 2 is provided in each transmissive region. Such that the plurality of image capturing units 2 together constitute a moth-eye structure.
With reference to fig. 2, in the above technical solution, "in the first display area AA1, a plurality of image capturing units 2 are disposed between the substrate 1 and the film layer where the pixel units P are located, and the vertical projection of the image capturing units 2 on the substrate 1 is not overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units P on the substrate 1" means that the image capturing units 2 are disposed in the first display area AA1 instead of being disposed at specific positions reserved for disposing the image capturing units 2 separately in the non-display area. This may enable first display area AA1 to have an image capture function in addition to a display function. The area of the non-display area can be greatly reduced, and the screen occupation ratio of the display panel is improved. In addition, the position of the image acquisition unit 2 does not need to be adjusted by a mechanical transmission device, and even if a display device (such as a mobile phone) comprising the display panel is collided, the image acquisition unit 2 can be well protected, so that the service life of the display device comprising the display panel is prolonged.
With continued reference to fig. 2, when image acquisition is performed, external light needs to pass through a film layer located on a side of the image acquisition unit 2 away from the substrate 1 and enter the image acquisition unit 2. In the organic light emitting display panel, the pixel unit generally includes a metal electrode having a strong light reflection characteristic, and the metal electrode blocks external light, so that the external light cannot pass through the metal electrode and is incident into the image capturing unit 2. The less the luminous flux of the external light incident into the image pickup unit 2, the poorer the image pickup effect of the image pickup unit 2.
In order to make the external light have high light transmittance, the number of the pixel units P in the first display area AA1 needs to be reduced, so that a sufficiently large area (i.e., a transmission area) for allowing the external light to pass through is reserved in the first display area AA1, and the light flux of the external light incident into the image capturing unit 2 is increased.
For this reason, the above technical solution increases the area of the region (i.e., the transmissive region) allowing the external light to pass therethrough in such a manner that the number of pixel cells P per unit area in the first display region AA1 is reduced with respect to the second display region AA 2. Thus, since the density of the pixel units P in the first display area AA1 is less than that of the pixel units P in the second display area AA2, the luminance of the first display area AA1 is darker than that of the second display area AA2 during image display.
For this purpose, the above technical solution is to provide a light adjusting layer 3 on one side of the pixel unit P away from the substrate 1; the light ray adjusting layer 3 includes a plurality of first light ray converging units 31; the first light converging units 31 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel cells P located in the first display area AA1, and a vertical projection of the first light converging unit 31 on the substrate 1 and a vertical projection of the pixel cell P corresponding thereto on the substrate 1 at least partially coincide. The divergence angle is the maximum included angle between the transmission direction of the light emitted from the pixel unit and the direction perpendicular to the display panel. The light emitted from the pixel unit P in the first display area AA1 may undergo optical phenomena such as refraction, total reflection, and light accumulation at the first light converging unit 31 corresponding thereto, and finally, the light originally transmitted in each direction may be concentrated toward the central viewing angle, that is, the divergence angle of the light emitted from the pixel unit P in the first display area AA1 is reduced after the light passes through the first light converging unit 31. The light emitted from the pixel unit P in the second display area AA2 will continue to transmit according to the original transmission direction because it does not pass through the first light converging unit 31, i.e. the divergence angle of the light emitted from the pixel unit P in the second display area AA2 remains unchanged. The divergence angle of the pixel cell P positioned within the first display area AA1 is finally made smaller than the divergence angle of the pixel cell P positioned within the second display area AA 2. Since the light emitted from the pixel unit P in the first display area AA1 and originally transmitted in each direction is concentrated toward the central viewing angle, the effect of brightening the first display area AA1 is achieved, so that the luminance of the first display area AA1 and the luminance of the second display area AA2 tend to be consistent, and the display panel has a better display effect.
With continued reference to fig. 2 and 3, optionally, the first light converging unit 31 includes a plurality of first light converging subunits 311; the plurality of first light converging subunits 311 are arranged on a plane parallel to the substrate 1; the first light converging subunit 311 includes a converging lens 311 a; the cross-sectional area of the converging lens parallel to the substrate 1 gradually decreases in a direction pointing from the substrate 1 to the pixel cell P. Because the converging lens has a better capability of converging light, the first light converging subunit 311 is provided with a converging lens, so that the light emitted from the pixel unit P in the first display area AA1 and originally transmitted along each direction can be concentrated towards the central viewing angle, and the effect of brightening the first display area AA1 is achieved, so that the luminance of the first display area AA1 and the luminance of the second display area AA2 tend to be consistent, and the display panel has a better display effect.
Alternatively, the shape of the converging lens may be a cone, a truncated cone, a pyramid, a truncated pyramid, or a hemisphere.
It should be noted that, in fig. 2 and fig. 3, each of the first light converging units 31 includes four first light converging sub-units 311, which is only a specific example of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. Alternatively, the number of the first light converging subunits 311 included in the first light converging unit 31 is a positive integer greater than 0. In addition, the shape and size of each first light converging subunit 311 belonging to the same first light converging unit 31 may be the same, and may be different, which is not limited in the present application.
In addition, the number of the first light converging sub-units 311 corresponding to different pixel units may be the same or different, and the application does not limit this.
In view of the difference in the light emitting efficiency of the pixel units of different light emitting colors and the short lifetime of the pixel unit with low light emitting efficiency, fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first display area of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the pixel unit optionally includes a pixel unit P1 with blue light emitting color, a pixel unit P2 with red light emitting color and a pixel unit P3 with green light emitting color, the light emitted from the pixel unit P1 with blue light emitting color in the first display area AA1 has a divergence angle of α after passing through the first light converging unit 31 corresponding thereto, the light emitted from the pixel unit P2 with red light emitting color in the first display area AA1 has a divergence angle of β after passing through the first light converging unit 31 corresponding thereto, the light emitted from the pixel unit P3 with green light emitting color in the first display area AA1 has a divergence angle of 637 < γ 2 and the divergence angle of α < γ.
Since the pixel cell P1, which normally emits blue light, has a low light emission efficiency and a short lifetime, the arrangement is such that the first light converging unit 31 has a stronger converging ability for blue light than for red light. Meanwhile, the first light converging unit 31 has a stronger converging ability for blue light than for green light. Therefore, the blue light can be fully utilized, the light emitting effect and the service life of each pixel unit tend to be balanced, and the display effect of the display panel is improved.
For "the first light converging unit 31 has a stronger converging ability for blue light than for red light; meanwhile, there are various methods in which the first light converging unit 31 has a stronger converging ability for blue light than for green light. Optionally, the arrangement is targeted according to the specific shape of the converging lens.
Several specific examples are given below by way of illustration and not as a limitation of the present application.
First, when the convergent lens is in the shape of a cone, the front view of the cone is a triangle, and the waist of the triangle is the generatrix of the cone. When the convergent lens is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, the front view of the circular truncated cone is in a trapezoid shape, and the waist of the trapezoid is the generatrix of the circular truncated cone. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a pyramid provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, when the shape of the condensing lens is a pyramid, a line segment m, which passes through the vertex O of the cone and is perpendicular to a line segment n, is a generatrix of the pyramid. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a prism table according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, when the shape of the condensing lens is a frustum, a line segment m is a generatrix of the frustum. Specifically, in the prism table, the upper base includes a line segment q, the lower base includes a line segment n, and the line segment q and the line segment n are located on the same side, the line segment m is perpendicular to the line segment n, and the line segment m is perpendicular to the line segment q.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a first display area of another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. Alternatively, referring to fig. 7, the converging lens 311a is shaped as a cone, a truncated cone, a pyramid, or a frustum of a pyramid (exemplarily, the converging lens is shaped as a cone in fig. 7); an included angle between a bus of the condensing lens 311a corresponding to the pixel cell P1 with the blue emission color and the plane of the substrate 1 is a first included angle a; an included angle between a bus of the converging lens 311a corresponding to the pixel cell P2 with the red emission color and the plane of the substrate 1 is a second included angle B; an included angle between a bus of the converging lens 311a corresponding to the pixel unit P3 with the green emission color and the plane of the substrate 1 is a second included angle C; a is less than B and A is less than C. This arrangement makes it possible to make the first light converging unit 31 have a stronger converging ability for blue light than for red light. Meanwhile, the first light converging unit 31 has a stronger converging ability to the blue light than to the green light, so that the blue light can be fully utilized, and the light emitting effect and the service life of each pixel unit tend to be balanced, thereby improving the display effect of the display panel.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a first display area of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 8, alternatively, the converging lens 311a is shaped as a hemisphere; the radius of curvature of the condensing lens 311a corresponding to the pixel cell P1 whose emission color is blue is larger than the radius of curvature of the condensing lens 311a corresponding to the pixel cell P2 whose emission color is red; the radius of curvature of the condenser lens 311a corresponding to the pixel cell P1 whose emission color is blue is larger than the radius of curvature of the condenser lens 311a corresponding to the pixel cell P3 whose emission color is green. This arrangement makes it possible to make the first light converging unit 31 have a stronger converging ability for blue light than for red light. Meanwhile, the first light converging unit 31 has a stronger converging ability to blue light than to green light, so that the blue light can be fully utilized, the light emitting effect and the service life area of each pixel unit can be balanced, and the display effect of the display panel can be improved.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 9, optionally, the first light converging subunit 311 further includes a diverging lens 311 b; the diverging lens 311b is disposed on a side of the converging lens 311a facing away from the pixel unit P. The advantage of setting up like this is, and the light that guarantees the wide-angle is concentrated to central visual angle, when increasing luminance, guarantees certain light-emitting angle, avoids all being the light of small angle. Thus, the half-width peak of the light can be increased, and the light is softer. In actual manufacturing, optionally, two mask processes are used to manufacture and form the first light converging subunit 311. For example, the converging lens 311a is manufactured by using a first mask, and the diverging lens 311b is manufactured by using a second mask. Because all organic materials have photosensitive characteristics, a mask (mask) process includes, first, coating organic materials such as photosensitive glue; secondly, aligning a mask plate (mask) with the photosensitive adhesive for exposure; finally, development is performed.
On the basis of the above technical solutions, with continuing reference to fig. 2, optionally, the pixel unit P includes a first electrode E1 and a light-emitting layer E2; the first electrode E1 is positioned between the luminescent layer E2 and the substrate 1, and the first electrodes E1 of different pixel units P are electrically insulated; the vertical projection of the first light converging unit 31 on the substrate 1 is located within the vertical projection of the first electrode E1 of the pixel cell P corresponding thereto on the substrate 1. The essence of this arrangement is that, in the direction perpendicular to the display panel, the first light converging unit 31 is aligned with the corresponding pixel unit P, so that the first light converging unit 31 concentrates the light originally transmitted in each direction to the central viewing angle as much as possible, thereby achieving the effect of brightening the first display area AA1, and making the luminance of the first display area AA1 and the luminance of the second display area AA2 approach to the same luminance, thereby making the display panel have a better display effect.
Optionally, in the display panel, the pixel unit P may further include a second electrode E3, and the second electrode E3 is located at a side of the light-emitting layer E2 facing away from the first electrode E1. When an image is displayed, a bias voltage is applied between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E3, and holes and electrons break through the interface energy barrier and migrate to the light-emitting layer E2. In the light-emitting layer E2, electrons and holes are recombined to generate excitons, which are unstable and release energy, and the energy is transferred to molecules of the organic light-emitting substance in the light-emitting layer E2 to transit from a ground state to an excited state. The excited state is unstable, and excited molecules return to the ground state from the excited state, and radiation transitions to produce a light emission phenomenon.
Alternatively, the first electrode E1 may be provided as an anode, and the second electrode E3 as a cathode; alternatively, the first electrode E1 is set to be a cathode, and the second electrode E3 is set to be an anode.
In practice, there is a part of the light emitted from the light-emitting layer E2 that has a transmission direction directed from the light-emitting layer E2 to the first electrode E1. In order to make the partial light fully utilized and to function as an image display, the first electrode E1 is usually provided as a reflective electrode. This may cause the external light incident to the first electrode E1 to be reflected by it, so that the external light cannot be incident into the image pickup unit 2 through the first electrode E1. The vertical projection of the first light converging unit 31 on the substrate 1 is located in the vertical projection of the first electrode E1 of the corresponding pixel unit P on the substrate 1, that is, the first light converging unit 31 only exists right above the first electrode E1, and the first electrode E1 itself is opaque, so that the arrangement of the first light converging unit 31 does not affect the external light to enter the image collecting unit 2 through the region (i.e., the transmission region) between two adjacent first electrodes E1.
On the basis of the above technical solution, optionally, the display panel provided in the embodiment of the present invention may include a driving circuit layer (not shown in the figure). The driving circuit layer is located between the substrate 1 and the pixel unit P. The driving circuit layer is formed with a plurality of driving circuits, and the driving circuits are electrically connected with the corresponding pixel units P to drive the pixel units P to emit light. Specifically, the driving circuit layer may include an active layer, a gate insulating layer, a gate layer, an interlayer insulating layer, and a source-drain electrode layer in this order on the substrate 1. The gate layer can form a gate electrode, a scanning line and a first electrode of the storage capacitor in the driving circuit; the source-drain electrode layers may form a source electrode, a drain electrode, a data line, and a power signal line in the driving circuit. The material of the gate insulating layer and the interlayer insulating layer may include silicon oxide or silicon nitride, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The driving circuit may further include an intermediate insulating layer and an intermediate metal layer stacked in a direction away from the substrate 1 between the gate electrode layer and the interlayer insulating layer. Wherein the intermediate metal layer is typically used to form the second pole of the storage capacitor and the reference voltage line.
It should be noted that there are various methods for realizing that the vertical projection of the first light converging unit 31 on the substrate 1 is located within the vertical projection of the first electrode E1 of the pixel unit P corresponding thereto on the substrate 1. Two methods are given below by way of example and not as a limitation of the present application.
In the first method, during the manufacturing, an alignment mark is formed on the film layer where the first electrode E1 is located, and during the manufacturing of the first light converging unit 31, the first light converging unit 31 is formed based on the alignment mark on the film layer where the first electrode E1 is located.
In the second method, during manufacturing, an alignment layer may be selected from a gate layer, a source/drain electrode layer, and an intermediate metal layer in the driver circuit layer, an alignment mark is formed on the alignment layer, and when the first electrode E1 and the first light converging unit 31 are manufactured, the first electrode E1 and the first light converging unit 31 are formed based on the alignment mark on the alignment layer. That is, the first electrode E1 and the first light converging unit 31 are formed based on the same alignment mark.
The first electrode E1 is usually formed by wet etching, and the manufacturing precision is low; and the gate layer, the source drain electrode layer and the middle metal layer in the driving circuit layer are formed by dry etching, so that the manufacturing precision is high. Compared with the first method, the second method is beneficial to improving the alignment precision of the first light converging unit 31 and the pixel unit P corresponding to the first light converging unit in the direction vertical to the display panel.
On the basis of the above technical solution, optionally, fig. 10 is a schematic top view structure diagram of another display panel provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 10, the vertical projection of the first light converging unit 31 on the substrate 1 is a first projection; the perpendicular projection of the first electrode E1 on the substrate 1 is a second projection; the minimum value of the minimum distance d between any edge point of the edge of the first projection and the edge point of the edge of the second projection corresponding to the edge point of the first projection is greater than or equal to 2 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm.
In actual manufacturing, there are process errors, so that the film layer on which the first electrode E1 cannot be formed is strictly aligned (i.e. not bad) with the alignment mark on the alignment layer. Usually the absolute value of the process error is less than 1 um. Setting the minimum value of d to be greater than or equal to 2 μm can make d greater than twice the process error to ensure that the first projection is within the second projection, thereby making the alignment accuracy of the first light converging unit 31 and the pixel unit P corresponding thereto.
In addition, in practice, a part of the light emitted from the light-emitting layer E2 has a transmission direction directed from the light-emitting layer E2 to the first electrode E1. In order to make the partial light fully utilized and to function as an image display, the first electrode E1 is usually provided as a reflective electrode. This may cause the external light incident to the first electrode E1 to be reflected by it, so that the external light cannot be incident into the image pickup unit 2 through the first electrode E1. The larger the first electrode E1 is, the stronger the shielding effect thereof against the outside light is, the smaller the amount of the outside light that can be received by the image pickup unit 2 is, and the worse the image pickup result by the image pickup unit 2 is. The minimum value of d is set to be 5 μm or less in order to minimize the area of the first electrode E1, increase the area of a region through which external light is allowed to pass (i.e., a light-transmitting region), and increase the light flux of the external light incident into the image pickup unit 2.
Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 11, optionally, the light ray adjustment layer 3 further includes a second light ray converging unit 32; the second light converging unit 32 is located in the first display area AA1, and a vertical projection of the second light converging unit 32 on the substrate 1 is not coincident with a vertical projection of the pixel unit P on the substrate 1; so that a divergence angle of the external light incident between adjacent two of the pixel cells of the first display area AA1 is smaller than a divergence angle of the external light incident between adjacent two of the pixel cells of the second display area AA 2. The external light changes from a large viewing angle to a small viewing angle under the action of the second light converging unit 32, so that the external light passing through the second light converging unit 32 is concentrated toward the central viewing angle. This arrangement can reduce the light spot formed by the external light on the plane of the light-sensing surface of the image capturing unit 2. The smaller the light spot formed by the external light on the plane of the photosensitive surface of the image acquisition unit 2 is, the smaller the photosensitive surface of the image acquisition unit 2 can be made, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the image acquisition unit 2; on the other hand, assuming that the areas of light spots formed by the external light on the plane where the light sensing surface of the image capturing unit 2 is located are equal, for the case where the second light converging unit 32 is not provided, the second light converging unit 32 is provided, which can converge more light on the light sensing surface of the image capturing unit 2, so that the light flux perceivable by the image capturing unit 2 is increased, which is beneficial to improving the image capturing effect of the image capturing unit 2.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a second light converging unit in fig. 11. Referring to fig. 12, optionally, the second light converging unit 32 includes a plurality of second light converging subunits 321 (for example, the second light converging unit 32 includes five second light converging subunits 321 in fig. 12); the plurality of second light converging subunits 321 are arranged on a plane parallel to the substrate 1; the second light converging subunit 321 is a planar structure, and a light converging groove 321a is arranged on the planar structure; the light condensing groove 321a gradually increases in a cross-sectional area parallel to the substrate 1 in a direction directed from the substrate 1 to the pixel unit P. The characteristic of the convergent light of the light converging groove 321a can be utilized to change the large-view-angle light in the external light into a small-view-angle light, so that the light passing through the second light converging unit 32 is concentrated to the central view angle, and the light spot formed by the external light on the plane where the light sensing surface of the image collecting unit 2 is located is reduced. The smaller the light spot formed by the external light on the plane of the light sensing surface of the image acquisition unit 2 is, the smaller the light sensing surface of the image acquisition unit 2 can be made, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the image acquisition unit 2.
Alternatively, the light condensing groove 321a may have a shape of a cone, a truncated cone, a pyramid, a truncated pyramid, a triangular prism, or a hemisphere. The shapes are simple in structure and easy to realize on the premise of meeting the function of converging light.
It should be noted that the second light converging unit 32 in fig. 12 includes five second light converging sub-units 321, which is only a specific example of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. Alternatively, the number of the second light converging subunits 321 included in the second light converging unit 32 is a positive integer greater than 0. In addition, the shapes and sizes of the second light converging subunits 321 belonging to the same second light converging unit 32 may be the same, and may be different, which is not limited in the present application.
Optionally, the light regulating layer 3 is an organic layer located on the side of the pixel cell P facing away from the substrate 1. Since the organic material has a light-sensitive property, the light-adjusting layer 3 is provided as an organic layer, and the light-adjusting layer 3 having a specific shape can be formed by using the light-sensitive property of the organic material in cooperation with a halftone mask plate. When the halftone mask is manufactured, the specific shape on the light adjusting layer 3 is formed by adjusting the light transmittance at different positions of the halftone mask, and the method is mature, simple and easy to implement.
It should be noted that in each of the above technical solutions, optionally, the organic material in the same layer as the light ray adjustment layer may be formed in the second display region, or the organic material in the same layer as the light ray adjustment layer may not be provided. This is not limited by the present application. If the organic material in the same layer as the light adjusting layer is formed in the second display region, the organic layer in the same layer as the light adjusting layer in the second display region has a planar structure.
In the actual installation, there are various specific installation methods of the light ray adjusting layer 3. For example, an organic layer for serving as the light adjusting layer 3 may be additionally added to the display panel.
Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 13, the organic light emitting display panel optionally further includes a thin film encapsulation layer TFE, a touch layer TP, a planarization layer OC, a polarizer POL, and a Cover plate Cover. Wherein the thin film encapsulation layer TFE is located at a side of the pixel unit P facing away from the substrate 1. The thin film encapsulation layer TFE has a laminated structure of an inorganic layer D1, an organic layer D2, and an inorganic layer D3. The touch layer TP is located on a side of the film encapsulation layer TFE facing away from the pixel unit P, and the planarization layer OC is located on a side of the touch layer TP facing away from the film encapsulation layer TFE. The polarizer POL is located on a side of the planarization layer OC facing away from the touch layer TP. The Cover board Cover is located on a side of the polarizer POL facing away from the touch layer TP.
Since the thin film encapsulation layer TFE includes the organic layer D2, alternatively, referring to fig. 13, the organic layer D2 in the thin film encapsulation layer is multiplexed into the light ray adjustment layer 3. Compared with a method for additionally adding an organic layer serving as the light adjusting layer 3 in the display panel, the method can reduce the thickness of the display panel, and is favorable for following the development trend of thinning the display panel.
Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 14, since the material of the planarization layer OC is an organic material. Optionally, the planarization layer OC is selected to fabricate the light adjusting layer 3. Compared with a method for additionally adding an organic layer serving as the light adjusting layer 3 in the display panel, the method can reduce the thickness of the display panel, and is favorable for following the development trend of thinning the display panel.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a display device. Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 15, the display device 101 includes any one of the display panels 201 according to the embodiments of the present invention.
Since the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes any one of the display panels provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the display device has the same or corresponding beneficial effects as the display panel included therein, and details are not repeated herein.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the display panel. Fig. 16 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. The manufacturing method of the display panel is used for manufacturing the display panel provided by any one of the embodiments of the invention. Referring to fig. 16, the method for manufacturing the display panel includes:
s1, providing a substrate 1, the substrate 1 including a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2 surrounding the first display area AA 1;
s2, forming a plurality of image pickup units 2 in the first display area AA1 on the substrate 1;
s3, forming a pixel cell P in both the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 on the substrate 1; the density of the pixel units P in the first display area AA1 is less than that of the pixel units P in the second display area AA2, and the vertical projection of the image acquisition unit 2 on the substrate 1 is not coincident with the vertical projection of the pixel units P on the substrate 1;
s4, forming a light adjusting layer 3 on a side of the pixel cell P in the first display area AA1 away from the substrate 1; the light ray adjusting layer 3 includes a plurality of first light ray converging units 31; the first light converging units 31 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel cells P located in the first display area AA1, and the vertical projection of the first light converging unit 31 on the substrate 1 and the vertical projection of the pixel cell P corresponding thereto on the substrate 1 at least partially coincide such that the divergence angle of the pixel cell P located in the first display area AA1 is smaller than the divergence angle of the pixel cell P located in the second display area AA 2.
The manufacturing method of the display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for manufacturing any display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention, and has the same or corresponding beneficial effects of the display panel which can be manufactured.
Optionally, the material of the light ray adjusting layer 3 is an organic material; the specific implementation manner of S4 includes:
the light ray adjustment layer 3 is formed on the side of the pixel cell P within the first display area AA1 facing away from the substrate 1 using a halftone mask.
Alternatively, the pixel unit P includes a first electrode and a light emitting layer; the first electrode is positioned between the light-emitting layer and the substrate 1, and the first electrodes of different pixel units P are electrically insulated; in performing S3, a mask plate for forming the first electrode is aligned with the first alignment mark;
in the process of performing S4, a halftone mask used to form the light adjusting layer 3 is aligned with the first alignment mark.
The essence of this arrangement is that the first electrode E1 and the first light converging unit 31 are formed based on the same alignment mark. In order to improve the alignment accuracy between the first light converging unit 31 and the pixel unit P corresponding to the first light converging unit 31 in the direction perpendicular to the display panel, the first light converging unit 31 is used to concentrate the light originally transmitted in each direction to the central viewing angle as much as possible, and the effect of brightening the first display area AA1 is achieved on the premise that the external light entering the image acquisition unit 2 through the area between the two adjacent first electrodes E1 is not affected, so that the luminance of the first display area AA1 is consistent with the luminance of the second display area AA2, and the display panel has a better display effect.
Optionally, before S3, the method further includes:
a driving circuit layer including a first metal layer on which the first alignment marks are located is formed on the substrate 1.
The first metal layer may be any one of a gate layer, a source/drain electrode layer, and an intermediate metal layer. Because the gate layer, the source drain electrode layer and the middle metal layer in the driving circuit layer are formed by dry etching, the manufacturing precision is higher. This arrangement is advantageous in improving the alignment accuracy of the first light converging unit 31 and the pixel unit P corresponding thereto in the direction perpendicular to the display panel.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (17)
1. A display panel, comprising:
a substrate including a first display area and a second display area surrounding the first display area; a plurality of pixel units are arranged in the first display area and the second display area; the density of the pixel units in the first display area is smaller than that of the pixel units in the second display area;
in the first display area, a plurality of image acquisition units are arranged between the substrate and the film layer where the pixel units are located, and the vertical projection of the image acquisition units on the substrate is not overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units on the substrate;
a light ray adjusting layer is arranged on one side of the pixel unit, which is far away from the substrate; the light ray adjusting layer comprises a plurality of first light ray converging units; the first light converging units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel units in the first display area, and the vertical projection of the first light converging units on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units corresponding to the first light converging units on the substrate, so that the divergence angle of the pixel units in the first display area is smaller than that of the pixel units in the second display area.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first light converging unit comprises a plurality of first light converging subunits;
the first light converging subunits are arranged on a plane parallel to the substrate;
the first light converging subunit comprises a converging lens;
the cross-sectional area of the converging lens parallel to the substrate gradually decreases in a direction pointing from the substrate to the pixel unit.
3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the pixel units include a pixel unit emitting light of blue color, a pixel unit emitting light of red color, and a pixel unit emitting light of green color;
in the first display area, the divergence angle of the light emitted from the pixel unit with the blue light emitting color after passing through the corresponding first light converging unit is α;
in the first display area, the divergence angle of the light emitted from the pixel unit with the red light emitting color after passing through the corresponding first light converging unit is β;
in the first display area, the divergence angle of the light emitted from the pixel unit with the green light emitting color is gamma after passing through the corresponding first light converging unit;
α < β, and α < γ.
4. The display panel of claim 3, wherein the converging lens is in the shape of a cone, a truncated cone, a pyramid, or a frustum of a pyramid;
an included angle between a bus of the convergent lens corresponding to the pixel unit with the blue light-emitting color and a plane where the substrate is located is a first included angle A;
the included angle between the bus of the convergent lens corresponding to the pixel unit with the red light-emitting color and the plane where the substrate is located is a second included angle B;
the included angle between the bus of the convergent lens corresponding to the pixel unit with the green light-emitting color and the plane where the substrate is located is a second included angle C;
a is less than B and A is less than C.
5. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the condensing lens has a hemispherical shape;
a radius of curvature of the condensing lens corresponding to the pixel unit whose light emission color is blue is larger than a radius of curvature of the condensing lens corresponding to the pixel unit whose light emission color is red;
the radius of curvature of the condensing lens corresponding to the pixel unit whose emission color is blue is larger than the radius of curvature of the condensing lens corresponding to the pixel unit whose emission color is green.
6. The display panel according to claim 2,
the first light converging subunit further comprises a diverging lens;
the divergent lens is arranged on one side of the convergent lens, which is far away from the pixel unit.
7. The display panel according to claim 1,
the pixel unit comprises a first electrode and a light-emitting layer;
the first electrode is positioned between the light-emitting layer and the substrate, and the first electrodes of different pixel units are electrically insulated;
the vertical projection of the first light converging unit on the substrate is positioned in the vertical projection of the first electrode of the pixel unit corresponding to the first light converging unit on the substrate.
8. The display panel according to claim 7,
the vertical projection of the first light converging unit on the substrate is a first projection;
the vertical projection of the first electrode on the substrate is a second projection;
the minimum value of the minimum distance between any edge point of the edge of the first projection and the corresponding edge point of the edge of the second projection is greater than or equal to 2 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm.
9. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the light ray adjustment layer further comprises a second light ray converging unit;
the second light converging unit is positioned in the first display area, and the vertical projection of the second light converging unit on the substrate is not coincident with the vertical projection of the pixel unit on the substrate; so that a divergence angle of the external light incident between adjacent two of the pixel units of the first display area is smaller than a divergence angle of the external light incident between adjacent two of the pixel units of the second display area.
10. The display panel according to claim 9, wherein the second light converging unit comprises a plurality of second light converging sub-units;
the plurality of second light converging subunits are arranged on a plane parallel to the substrate;
the second light converging subunit is a planar structure, and a light converging groove is formed in the second light converging subunit; the cross-sectional area of the light-gathering groove parallel to the substrate gradually increases along the direction from the substrate to the pixel unit.
11. The display panel according to claim 10, wherein the light condensing groove has a shape of a cone, a truncated cone, a pyramid, a truncated pyramid, a triangular prism, or a hemisphere.
12. The display panel according to claim 1,
the light ray adjusting layer is an organic layer located on one side, away from the substrate, of the pixel unit.
13. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. A method for manufacturing a display panel is characterized in that,
the manufacturing method of the display panel is used for manufacturing the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 12;
the manufacturing method of the display panel comprises the following steps:
providing a substrate including a first display area and a second display area surrounding the first display area;
forming a plurality of image acquisition units in the first display area on the substrate;
forming pixel units on the substrate in the first display area and the second display area; the density of the pixel units in the first display area is smaller than that of the pixel units in the second display area, and the vertical projection of the image acquisition unit on the substrate is not coincident with that of the pixel units on the substrate;
forming a light adjusting layer on one side, away from the substrate, of the pixel unit in the first display area; the light ray adjusting layer comprises a plurality of first light ray converging units; the first light converging units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pixel units in the first display area, and the vertical projection of the first light converging units on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the vertical projection of the pixel units corresponding to the first light converging units on the substrate, so that the divergence angle of the pixel units in the first display area is smaller than that of the pixel units in the second display area.
15. The method of manufacturing according to claim 14,
the light ray adjusting layer is made of an organic material;
the side, away from the substrate, of the pixel unit in the first display area is provided with a light regulation layer, and the light regulation layer comprises:
and forming a light adjusting layer on one side, away from the substrate, of the pixel unit in the first display area by using a half-tone mask.
16. The method of manufacturing according to claim 15,
the pixel unit comprises a first electrode and a light-emitting layer;
the first electrode is positioned between the light-emitting layer and the substrate, and the first electrodes of different pixel units are electrically insulated;
in the process of forming pixel units in the first display area and the second display area on the substrate, aligning a mask plate for forming the first electrode with a first alignment mark;
in the process of forming the light adjusting layer on the side, away from the substrate, of the pixel unit in the first display area, a half-tone mask plate for forming the light adjusting layer is aligned with the first alignment mark.
17. The method of manufacturing according to claim 16,
before forming pixel units in the first display area and the second display area on the substrate, the method further comprises the following steps:
and forming a driving circuit layer on the substrate, wherein the driving circuit layer comprises a first metal layer, and the first alignment mark is positioned on the first metal layer.
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