CN110766291A - A method for acquiring daily total radiation data on the horizontal plane based on solar radiation partitions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for acquiring daily total radiation data on a horizontal plane based on solar radiation partitions. Based on meteorological data, a cluster analysis partitioning method is used to obtain solar radiation partitions, which increases the amount of data involved in partitioning and improves partitioning results. Therefore, the accuracy of solar radiation data acquisition is improved; the zoning method combining clustering algorithm and geographic distribution is adopted, and the zoning results take into account both objectivity and practicability, thus improving the accuracy of solar radiation data acquisition; A calculation model of the total daily radiation for the radiation area is proposed, and a method for determining the constant coefficient of the regional model is proposed, which provides a new acquisition method for generating the daily total radiation in areas without radiation observation data in my country, and improves the acquisition of solar radiation data. accuracy.

Description

A method for acquiring daily total radiation data on the horizontal plane based on solar radiation partitions

technical field

The invention relates to a method for acquiring solar daily total radiation data, in particular to a method for acquiring horizontal surface daily total radiation data based on solar radiation partitions.

Background technique

Solar radiation is a key meteorological element that affects the indoor thermal environment of buildings, human thermal comfort and building energy consumption, and its data is an important basis for formulating building thermal environment design strategies. With the continuous deepening of my country's urbanization process and the increasingly prominent demand for refined and precise construction, higher requirements for radiation data have been put forward.

Generally, solar radiation data is obtained through direct observation by solar radiation observation stations. However, due to issues such as funding and maintenance, there are only 98 solar radiation ground observation stations in my country. The solar radiation data in the area where the solar radiation observation station is set cannot be obtained by measurement, and the lack of solar radiation data greatly restricts the depth of building energy-saving design.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for acquiring solar radiation zone-based total daily radiation data on a horizontal plane, so as to solve the problem that solar radiation data cannot be obtained in some areas without solar radiation observation stations in the prior art.

In order to realize the above-mentioned tasks, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A method for acquiring daily total solar radiation data on a horizontal plane based on solar radiation partitions, which is used to obtain the daily total solar radiation in a target area according to meteorological data collected by a meteorological observation site, where the target area has no radiation observation site, and is performed according to the following steps:

Step 1. Obtain meteorological data of multiple meteorological observation sites within a geographic range, and obtain an observation data matrix according to the meteorological data;

Clustering the observed data matrix to obtain multiple labels;

Divide the geographic range according to the label, and obtain a plurality of solar radiation subregions, wherein the solar radiation subregions include at least one region, and one solar radiation subregion includes a target region;

Step 2. Obtain the daily average clear sky index of the solar radiation zone where the target area is located;

Step 3. According to the daily average clear sky index of the solar radiation zone where the target area is located, select a calculation model for the total daily radiation, specifically including:

If the daily average clear sky index over the years is less than or equal to 0.4, the calculation model of the daily total solar radiation is as follows: where G is the total daily solar radiation, the unit is MJ/m ² , G ₀ is the daily astronomical total radiation, the unit is MJ/m ² , T _max is the daily maximum temperature obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is °C, T _min is the daily minimum temperature obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is °C, S is the sunshine hours obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is h, S ₀ is the available sunshine hours obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is h; a, b and c are constant coefficients;

其中E为气象观测站点获得的平均气压，单位为hPa，d为常数系数；If the daily average clear sky index over the years is greater than 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.55, the calculation model of daily total solar radiation is

Among them, E is the mean air pressure obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is hPa, and d is the constant coefficient;

If the daily average clear sky index over the years is greater than 0.55, the calculation model of the daily total solar radiation is as follows:

Step 4: Obtain the daily total solar radiation of the target area according to the daily total radiation calculation model.

Further, obtain the constant coefficient of the calculation model of the total daily radiation in the step 2, which specifically includes:

From all the regions included in the solar radiation zone where the target region is located, at least one sample region is selected, and the sample region is a region that has both a meteorological observation site and a radiation observation site;

Obtain the meteorological observation data and radiation observation data in each sample area, and obtain the sample data, wherein the meteorological observation data includes the number of hours of sunshine S ₀ and the number of sunshine hours S obtained by the meteorological observation station, and also includes the number of hours of sunshine obtained by the meteorological observation station. The daily maximum temperature T _max and the daily minimum temperature T _min obtained by the meteorological observation station and/or the average air pressure E obtained by the meteorological observation station, the radiation observation data includes the daily total solar radiation G of the sample area;

The selected calculation model of total daily radiation is regressed by using the sample data, and the constant coefficient of the calculation model of total daily radiation is obtained.

Further, the step 1 specifically includes:

Step 1.1. Obtain the observation data between the years t1 and t2 in N areas with surface meteorological observation stations within the geographic range, and obtain the cumulative annual and monthly average data of sunshine hours and the cumulative daily average temperature of each area with meteorological observation stations. Annual and monthly mean data, N is the number of ground meteorological observation stations, N is a positive integer;

其中

表示第m个月日照时数累年月均值；任一个有气象观测站点地区的日平均气温累年月均值数据包括

其中

表示第m个月平均气温累年月均值；The annual monthly mean data of sunshine hours in any one of the areas with meteorological observation stations include:

in

Indicates the cumulative annual monthly average of sunshine hours in the mth month; the daily average temperature in any area with a meteorological observation station includes the cumulative annual monthly average data

in

Represents the cumulative annual monthly average temperature of the mth month;

Step 1.2, filling the annual monthly mean data and the annual monthly mean data of the average temperature in each of the regions with meteorological observation stations into an N×25 matrix to obtain an observation data matrix;

Each row in the observed data matrix represents an observation site, the first column represents the number of the observation site, the second to thirteenth columns represent the monthly average of sunshine hours from the first month to the 12th month, the The fourteenth to twenty-fifth columns represent the annual average temperature from the first month to the 12th month;

Step 1.3, normalize the values in the second column to the twenty-fifth column in the observed data matrix to obtain a normalized observed data matrix;

Step 1.4, perform hierarchical clustering on the normalized observation data matrix to obtain the number of label classes;

Assign a label to each area with a meteorological observation station according to the number of label classes;

Step 1.5. According to the label, divide the map corresponding to the geographic range, including:

Divide the area corresponding to the same label that contains at least one meteorological observation station into one solar radiation partition to obtain multiple solar radiation partitions.

Further, in the step 1.4, hierarchical clustering is performed on the normalized observation data matrix to obtain the number of label classes, which specifically includes:

Perform hierarchical clustering on the normalized observation data matrix to obtain the inflection point of the squared deviation curve in the hierarchical clustering;

Take the value of the number of inflection points of the sum of squared deviations as the number of label classes.

Further, at least one area with a meteorological observation site corresponding to the same label is divided into one solar radiation partition, and multiple solar radiation partitions are obtained, and the specific steps are as follows:

Step 1.5.1. Divide the same-labeled areas with meteorological observation stations into the same category, take the same category of areas as one area, and obtain multiple areas, each of which includes at least one area with meteorological observation stations;

Step 1.5.2, map the multiple areas to the map corresponding to the geographic range to obtain a zoning map;

Step 1.5.3. Find two adjacent areas in the partition map, and obtain the boundary between the two adjacent areas. The specific steps are as follows:

Step 1.5.3.1. Find two adjacent areas in the zoning map, namely area A and area B, respectively, and obtain the location point sets of areas with meteorological observation stations on the edge of area A and area B respectively;

Among them, the area location point set with meteorological observation stations on the edge of area A includes one area A edge point, and the area location point set with meteorological observation stations on the edge of area B includes J area B area edge points, and I and J are both positive integers;

Step 1.5.3.2. Calculate the geodetic distance between the i-th edge point of A area and the J edge points of B area, and calculate the geodetic distance between the j-th B-area edge point with the nearest geodetic distance and the i-th A-area edge point The midpoint of , as a boundary point, where i≤I, j≤J;

Step 1.5.3.3, repeat step 1.5.3.2 until all boundary points are obtained, connect all boundary points into a line, and obtain the boundary line between two adjacent areas;

Step 1.5.4, repeat step 1.5.3 until all the dividing lines are obtained, divide the geographic range according to the dividing lines, and obtain a plurality of solar radiation divisions.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

1. The method for obtaining the total daily radiation data on the horizontal plane based on the solar radiation partition provided by the present invention takes into account that the number of ground meteorological observation stations in my country is far more than the radiation observation station, and the method of obtaining the radiation partition by using the meteorological data increases the participation in the partition. The amount of data can improve the accuracy of partition results, thereby improving the accuracy of solar radiation data acquisition;

2. The method for obtaining the solar radiation zoning-based horizontal plane total daily radiation data provided by the present invention adopts a zoning method combining clustering algorithm and geographic distribution, and the zoning results take into account both objectivity and practicability, thereby improving the acquisition of solar radiation data. accuracy;

3. The method for acquiring the daily total radiation data on the horizontal plane based on the solar radiation zone provided by the present invention proposes a calculation model for the total daily radiation for the radiation area, and proposes a method for determining the constant coefficient of the regional model, so as to generate daily total radiation data for areas without radiation observation data in my country. The total radiation provides a new method of obtaining and improves the accuracy of solar radiation data.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a deviation sum-of-squares curve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a hierarchical clustering result provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of obtaining a dividing line provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a solar radiation partition provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention. It should be noted that, in the following description, when the detailed description of known functions and designs may dilute the main content of the present invention, these descriptions will be omitted here.

The definitions or concepts involved in the present invention are described below:

Total daily solar radiation: The total solar radiation in a day.

Clear sky index: The ratio of the total solar radiation incident on the horizontal plane to the astronomical radiation.

Sunshine hours: refers to the time of direct sunlight shining on the ground in a day, which is observed by meteorological observation stations.

The number of hours that can be illuminated (astronomical hours): under the condition of no shading, the time it takes for the sun's center to reach the ground from the eastern horizon to the western horizon, the daily illuminating hours for each region The number is a fixed value calculated from geographic and astronomical parameters.

Total daily astronomical radiation: the solar radiation on the earth's surface, which is determined only by the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth without considering the influence of the atmosphere. For each region, the total daily astronomical radiation is a fixed value calculated from geographical parameters and astronomical parameters.

In this embodiment, a method for acquiring daily total solar radiation data on a horizontal plane based on solar radiation partitions is disclosed, which is used to calculate the daily total solar radiation on a horizontal plane in a target area according to meteorological data obtained by a meteorological observation site, and the target area has no radiation. observation site.

Follow these steps:

Step 1. Obtain meteorological data of multiple meteorological observation sites within a geographic range, and obtain an observation data matrix according to the meteorological data;

Clustering the observed data matrix to obtain multiple labels;

Divide the geographic range according to the label, and obtain a plurality of solar radiation subregions, wherein the solar radiation subregions include at least one region, and one solar radiation subregion includes a target region;

In the present invention, the geographic scope can be the whole world, the entire Asia or the whole country, and the geographic scope can be determined according to the location of the target area. For example, if the target area is the Nyingchi area, then the geographic scope can be the entire China or the entire Asia; or The target area is Hokkaido, then the geographic scope can be all of Japan or all of Asia.

In this embodiment, the whole China (except Hong Kong and Macau) is taken as an example.

In this step, the meteorological data includes sunshine hours, daily average temperature, average air pressure, average wind speed, average relative humidity, and daily range, etc. However, in order to improve the accuracy of the final solar radiation data obtained by the method, the meteorological data are first screened .

In this example, the daily meteorology (sunshine hours, daily average temperature, average air pressure, average wind speed, average relative humidity and The partial correlation and complex correlation coefficient between each meteorological parameter and the daily total radiation are calculated one by one. The correlation test results show that the correlation between sunshine hours and daily average temperature and daily total radiation is higher than other Meteorological parameters, select sunshine hours and daily average temperature as solar radiation climate zoning indicators.

Optionally, the step 1 specifically includes:

Step 1.1. Obtain the observation data between the years t1 and t2 in N areas with surface meteorological observation stations within the geographic range, and obtain the cumulative annual and monthly average data of sunshine hours and the cumulative daily average temperature of each area with meteorological observation stations. Annual and monthly mean data, N is the number of ground meteorological observation stations, N is a positive integer;

其中

表示第m个月日照时数累年月均值；任一个有气象观测站点地区的平均气温累年月均值数据包括

其中

表示第m个月平均气温累年月均值；The annual monthly mean data of sunshine hours in any one of the areas with meteorological observation stations include:

in

Indicates the cumulative annual monthly average of sunshine hours in the mth month; the cumulative annual monthly average data of the average temperature in any area with a meteorological observation station include:

in

Represents the cumulative annual monthly average temperature of the mth month;

In this embodiment, the clustering data comes from the daily value dataset of China's ground climate data. We selected 641 observation sites whose meteorological observation data from January 1, 1984 to December 31, 2013 had been continuously recorded for more than 20 years.

The cumulative monthly average values of sunshine hours and daily average temperature of 641 stations from 1984 to 2013 were calculated respectively.

第m月日照时数累年月均值，m＝1,2……,12。单位：小时(h)。

The monthly mean value of sunshine hours in the mth month, m=1,2...,12. Unit: hour (h).

S _y(m) : the monthly average value of sunshine hours in the mth month of the yth year, y=1, 2...,n, 20<n≤30. Unit: hour (h).

第m月日平均气温累年月均值，m＝1,2……,12。单位：℃。

The daily average temperature of the mth month is the cumulative annual monthly average, m=1,2...,12. Unit: °C.

T _y(m) : the monthly average temperature of the mth month in the yth year, y=1,2...,n, 20<n≤30. Unit: °C.

Step 1.2, filling the annual monthly mean data and the annual monthly mean data of the average temperature in each of the regions with meteorological observation stations into an N×25 matrix to obtain an observation data matrix;

Each row in the observed data matrix represents an observation site, the first column represents the number of the observation site, the second to thirteenth columns represent the monthly average of sunshine hours from the first month to the 12th month, the The fourteenth to twenty-fifth columns represent the annual average temperature from the first month to the 12th month;

In this embodiment, a 641×25 observation matrix is established, the number of rows in the matrix is 641, each row represents an observation site, the number of columns in the matrix is 25, the first column is the station number, and the second to 13th columns are January The cumulative annual monthly average of sunshine hours from December to December, and the 14th to 25th columns are the cumulative annual monthly average of the daily average temperature from January to December.

Step 1.3, normalize the values in the second column to the twenty-fifth column in the observed data matrix to obtain a normalized observed data matrix;

In this embodiment, the data in the 2nd to 25th columns of the observation data matrix is normalized to eliminate the dimensional difference between the sunshine hours and the daily average temperature.

Step 1.4, perform hierarchical clustering on the normalized observation data matrix to obtain the number of label classes;

Assign a label to each area with a meteorological observation station according to the number of label classes;

Optionally, in the step 1.4, hierarchical clustering is performed on the normalized observation data matrix to obtain the number of label classes, specifically including:

Perform hierarchical clustering on the normalized observation data matrix to obtain the number of inflection points of the sum of squared deviations in the hierarchical clustering;

Take the value of the number of inflection points of the sum of squared deviations as the number of label classes.

In this embodiment, the bottom-up agglomerative classification method in hierarchical clustering is used to complete the solar radiation zoning. At the beginning of the clustering, each sample belongs to a class, and the Ward algorithm is used for merging the classes, and the distance between the samples is Squared Euclidean distance. When the classes are merged successively, a new sum of squares of dispersion will be generated. The curve of the sum of squares of dispersion is shown in Figure 1. According to the inflection point of the curve, it is judged that the optimal number of solar radiation classifications in my country is 8, and the clustering results are shown in Figure 2.

Step 1.5. According to the label, at least one area with a meteorological observation station corresponding to the same label is divided into one solar radiation zone, and multiple solar radiation zones are obtained.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , most of the site areas contained in the same type of label are concentrated in one geographical area in terms of spatial distribution, but some site areas are far away from the concentrated area of this type of label and are located in the concentrated area of other types of labels , and call it an outlier. For example, the geographic location of the third type of outlier is in the aggregation area of the second type of label. When dividing the solar radiation partition, the outlier is not considered, and the geographical area in the same type of label set is divided into a radiation Area.

Optionally, in the step 1.5, according to the label, at least one area with a meteorological observation site corresponding to the same label is divided into a solar radiation zone, and multiple solar radiation zones are obtained, and the specific steps are as follows:

Step 1.5.1. Divide the same-labeled areas with meteorological observation stations into the same category, take the same category of areas as one area, and obtain multiple areas, each of which includes at least one area with meteorological observation stations;

Step 1.5.2. Map the multiple areas to the map corresponding to the geographic range to obtain a zoning map;

Step 1.5.3. Find two adjacent areas in the partition map, and obtain the boundary between the two adjacent areas. The specific steps are as follows:

Step 1.5.3.1. Find two adjacent areas in the zoning map, namely area A and area B, and obtain the location point set of the area with meteorological observation stations on the edge of area A and area B respectively;

Among them, the area location point set with meteorological observation stations on the edge of area A includes one area A edge point, and the area location point set with meteorological observation stations on the edge of area B includes J area B area edge points, and I and J are both positive integers;

Step 1.5.3.2. Calculate the geodetic distance between the i-th edge point of A area and the J edge points of B area, and calculate the geodetic distance between the j-th B-area edge point with the nearest geodetic distance and the i-th A-area edge point The midpoint of , as a boundary point, where i≤I, j≤J;

Step 1.5.3.3, repeat step 1.5.3.2 until all boundary points are obtained, connect all boundary points into a line, and obtain the boundary line between two adjacent areas;

Step 1.5.4. Repeat step 1.5.3 until all the dividing lines are obtained, and divide the geographic range according to the dividing lines to obtain a plurality of solar radiation divisions.

In this embodiment, several points in the 5-type and 6-type edge regions are randomly selected, as shown in Figure 3, i, i+1, i+2, ... are the edge points of the fifth category, j, j+1, j+2, j+3,... are the edge points of the sixth category. According to the latitude and longitude of the edge points, the inverse calculation formula of the Gaussian average argument is used to calculate the geodetic distance between the two points.

Taking point i as an example, its distance from point _{j is represented by Si,j} , and the similar distances from point j+1,j+2,j+3,... are represented by Si _,j+1 , Si _{, j+2} , S _i,j+3 . . . Take Min(S _i,j ,S _i,j+1 ,S _i,j+2 ,S _i,j+3 ,…), assuming the result is S _i,j , then calculate the geodetic distance between point i and point j The midpoint is taken as a boundary point, and the calculation for the i+1, i+2, ... until the first point is completed according to the above steps, and multiple boundary points are obtained, and these points are connected with a smooth curve as the fifth Class and Class 6 boundary lines.

In this embodiment, 8 solar radiation partitions are finally obtained, as shown in FIG. 4 .

Step 2. Obtain the annual average clear sky index of the solar radiation zone where the target area is located;

K_t：日晴空指数(无量纲)，G为日总辐射量(MJ/m²)，G₀为日天文总辐射量(MJ/m²)。In this embodiment,

K _t : daily clear sky index (dimensionless), G is the daily total radiation (MJ/m ² ), and G ₀ is the daily astronomical total radiation (MJ/m ² ).

In the formula, I _SC is the solar constant, which is 4.921MJ/m ² ; E ₀ is the eccentricity correction factor of the earth's orbit.

累年日平均晴空指数，

第y年日平均晴空指数，n:辐射观测数据记录年限。

Average daily clear sky index over the years,

The daily average clear sky index in year y, n: the record year of radiation observation data.

Taking the target area Nenjiang as an example, the target area belongs to the 4th solar radiation area, which contains 7 sample areas with solar radiation observation data, namely Mohe, Aihui, Hailar, Fuyu, Jiamusi, Harbin and Yanji. Using the above formula to calculate the annual average clear sky index of the seven sample regions in turn, as shown in Table 1, and take the average value as the annual average clear sky index of the region.

Table 1 The daily average clear sky index of the sample area over the years

Step 3. According to the daily average clear sky index of the solar radiation zone where the target area is located, select a calculation model for the total daily solar radiation, specifically including:

其中G为日太阳总辐射量，单位为MJ/m²，G₀为日天文总辐射量，单位为MJ/m²，T_max为气象观测站点获得的日最高气温，单位为℃，T_min为气象观测站点获得的日最低气温，单位为℃，S为气象观测站点获得的日照时数，单位为h，S₀为气象观测站点获得的可照时数，单位为h；a、b以及c均为常数系数；If the daily average clear sky index over the years is less than or equal to 0.4, the calculation model of the daily total solar radiation is as follows:

where G is the total daily solar radiation, the unit is MJ/m ² , G ₀ is the daily astronomical total radiation, the unit is MJ/m ² , T _max is the daily maximum temperature obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is °C, T _min is the daily minimum temperature obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is °C, S is the sunshine hours obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is h, S ₀ is the available sunshine hours obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is h; a, b and c are constant coefficients;

其中E为气象观测站点获得的平均气压，单位为hPa，d为常数系数；If the daily average clear sky index over the years is greater than 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.55, the calculation model of daily total solar radiation is

Among them, E is the mean air pressure obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is hPa, and d is the constant coefficient;

If the daily average clear sky index over the years is greater than 0.55, the calculation model of the daily total solar radiation is as follows:

Optionally, obtaining the constant coefficients of the daily total radiation calculation model in the step 2, specifically including:

From all the regions included in the solar radiation zone where the target region is located, at least one sample region is selected, and the sample region is a region that has both a meteorological observation site and a radiation observation site;

Obtain the meteorological observation data and radiation observation data in each sample area, and obtain the sample data, wherein the meteorological observation data includes the number of hours of sunshine S ₀ and the number of sunshine hours S obtained by the meteorological observation station, and also includes the number of hours of sunshine obtained by the meteorological observation station. The daily maximum temperature T _max and the daily minimum temperature T _min obtained by the meteorological observation station and/or the average air pressure E obtained by the meteorological observation station, the radiation observation data includes the daily total solar radiation G in the sample area;

The selected calculation model of total daily radiation is regressed by using the sample data, and the constant coefficient of the calculation model of total daily radiation is obtained.

In this embodiment, taking each solar radiation subarea as an example, the constant coefficients of the daily total radiation calculation model are obtained by regression using the data of the stations with both meteorological and solar radiation observation data in the region from 2000 to 2013, as shown in Table 2.

Table 2 The model of solar radiation area

纬度(deg)。In the table, the daily total radiation G (MJ/m ² ); the daily astronomical total radiation G ₀ (MJ/m ² ); the sunshine hours S (h); the available hours S ₀ (h); the average air pressure E ( 0.1hPa); daily minimum and maximum temperature T _min , T _max (0.1°C); δ: declination angle (deg),

Latitude (deg).

Step 4: Obtain the daily total solar radiation of the target area according to the daily total radiation calculation model.

Use the calculation model provided by the present invention to obtain the daily total solar radiation of the target area, with the help of the sunshine hours S (h) of the meteorological stations in the area; the average air pressure E (0.1hPa); the daily minimum and maximum temperatures Tmin, Tmax (0.1°C ) observation data to generate the daily total radiation from 2000 to 2013 in the area without radiation observation stations.

即丽江地区在2017年5月18日的日总辐射量为15.57MJ/m²。In this embodiment, taking the Lijiang area as an example, the sunshine hours in this area on May 18, 2017 are S=4.5h, the number of hours that can be illuminated is S ₀ =13.4h, and the total daily astronomical radiation G ₀ =40.04MJ /m ² . This area belongs to radiation VII area, so a=0.208, b=0.517, then

That is, the daily total radiation in Lijiang area on May 18, 2017 was 15.57MJ/m ² .

Embodiment 2

In order to prove that the method provided by this patent can be used for the calculation of the daily total radiation in areas without radiation observation stations, verification is carried out from the two aspects of the estimation error and the distribution of the national daily total radiation.

Select stations in each radiation area for verification. The selection of verification stations in each area is repeated three times. The selected verification stations are distributed in different directions at the edge of the area each time. The verification stations have radiation observation data and do not participate in The regression of the model coefficients, 8 radiation areas, and a total of 24 verification stations. Calculate the mean absolute error percentage MAE% and root mean square error percentage RMSE% of the regional model and the self-built model of the verification station for the daily total radiation of the verification station respectively. The mean value of the regional model MAE% was 11.9%, the RMSE% was 15.9%, and the corresponding results for the station model were 11.4% and 15.3%, respectively. The estimation error of the regional model is slightly higher than that of the station model by less than 1%.

Using the method provided by this patent to calculate the daily total radiation of 819 stations without radiation observation data in China from 2000 to 2013, the results show that the highest center of solar radiation occurs in the Shiquan River and the Yarlung Zangbo River in southwestern Tibet, and its annual total radiation The average radiation amount is above 7500MJ/m ² ; the second highest area appears in the Qaidam Basin in Qinghai and extends to the northeast, reaching the junction of the three provinces of northwestern Gansu, western Inner Mongolia and eastern Xinjiang, with an average annual total radiation amount of up to 6500 MJ/m ² or more; followed by the Tarim Basin and Turpan Basin, with an average annual total radiation of about 6000 MJ/m ² ; the Irtysh River Basin, north of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, is the low-value area of western solar radiation, with an average annual total radiation of 6000 MJ/m2. 5000MJ/m ² to 5500MJ/m ² . The eastern region has the highest annual total solar radiation in North China, while the southeastern and northeastern regions have relatively low solar radiation. The Sichuan Basin is the region with low solar radiation in China, with an average annual total radiation below 4000 MJ/m ² . Comparing the above results with the mid-year solar total irradiance distribution map of the Building Climate Zoning Standard (GB50178-93), it is found that the distribution law and changing trend of total radiation are completely consistent with the standard. There are slight differences. To sum up, the method for obtaining the total daily radiation data on the horizontal plane based on the solar radiation partition provided by this patent is fully applicable in my country.

Claims (5)

1. a method for obtaining the horizontal surface daily total radiation data based on the solar radiation subregion, for obtaining the daily total solar radiation amount of the target area according to the meteorological data collected by the meteorological observation site, and the described target area does not have a radiation observation site, it is characterized in that , follow these steps: Step 1. Obtain meteorological data of multiple meteorological observation sites within a geographic range, and obtain an observation data matrix according to the meteorological data; Clustering the observed data matrix to obtain multiple labels; Divide the geographic range according to the label, and obtain a plurality of solar radiation subregions, wherein the solar radiation subregions include at least one region, and one solar radiation subregion includes a target region; Step 2. Obtain the daily average clear sky index of the solar radiation zone where the target area is located; Step 3. According to the daily average clear sky index of the solar radiation zone where the target area is located, select a calculation model for the total daily radiation, specifically including: If the daily average clear sky index over the years is less than or equal to 0.4, the calculation model of the daily total solar radiation is as follows:

where G is the total daily solar radiation, the unit is MJ/m ² , G ₀ is the daily astronomical total radiation, the unit is MJ/m ² , T _max is the daily maximum temperature obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is °C, T _min is the daily minimum temperature obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is °C, S is the sunshine hours obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is h, and S ₀ is the sunshine time, the unit is h; a, b and c are all constant coefficients ; If the daily average clear sky index over the years is greater than 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.55, the calculation model of daily total solar radiation is

Among them, E is the mean air pressure obtained by the meteorological observation station, the unit is hPa, and d is the constant coefficient; If the daily average clear sky index over the years is greater than 0.55, the calculation model of the daily total solar radiation is as follows: Step 4: Obtain the daily total solar radiation of the target area according to the daily total radiation calculation model. 2. The method for acquiring daily total radiation data on a horizontal plane based on solar radiation partitions as claimed in claim 1, wherein obtaining the constant coefficients of the daily total radiation calculation model in the step 2, specifically comprising: From all the regions included in the solar radiation zone where the target region is located, at least one sample region is selected, and the sample region is a region that has both a meteorological observation site and a radiation observation site; Obtain the meteorological observation data and radiation observation data in each sample area, and obtain the sample data, wherein the meteorological observation data includes the number of hours of sunshine S ₀ and the number of sunshine hours S obtained by the meteorological observation station, and also includes the number of hours of sunshine obtained by the meteorological observation station. The daily maximum temperature T _max and the daily minimum temperature T _min obtained by the meteorological observation station and/or the average air pressure E obtained by the meteorological observation station, the radiation observation data includes the daily total solar radiation G of the sample area; The selected calculation model of total daily radiation is regressed by using the sample data, and the constant coefficient of the calculation model of total daily radiation is obtained. 3. The method for acquiring total daily radiation data on a horizontal plane based on solar radiation partitions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises: Step 1.1. Obtain the observation data between the years t1 and t2 in N areas with surface meteorological observation stations within the geographic range, and obtain the cumulative annual and monthly average data of sunshine hours and the cumulative daily average temperature of each area with meteorological observation stations. Annual and monthly mean data, N is the number of ground meteorological observation stations, N is a positive integer; The annual monthly mean data of sunshine hours in any one of the areas with meteorological observation stations include:

in

Indicates the cumulative annual monthly average of sunshine hours in the mth month; the daily average temperature in any area with a meteorological observation station includes the cumulative annual monthly average data

in

Represents the cumulative annual monthly average temperature of the mth month; Step 1.2, filling the annual monthly mean data and the annual monthly mean data of the average temperature in each of the regions with meteorological observation stations into an N×25 matrix to obtain an observation data matrix; Each row in the observed data matrix represents an observation site, the first column represents the number of the observation site, the second to thirteenth columns represent the monthly average of sunshine hours from the first month to the 12th month, the The fourteenth to twenty-fifth columns represent the annual average temperature from the first month to the 12th month; Step 1.3, normalize the values in the second column to the twenty-fifth column in the observed data matrix to obtain a normalized observed data matrix; Step 1.4, perform hierarchical clustering on the normalized observation data matrix to obtain the number of label classes; Assign a label to each area with a meteorological observation station according to the number of label classes; Step 1.5. According to the label, divide the map corresponding to the geographic range, including: Divide the area corresponding to the same label that contains at least one meteorological observation station into one solar radiation partition to obtain multiple solar radiation partitions. 4. The method for acquiring daily total radiation data on a horizontal plane based on solar radiation partitions as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step 1.4, hierarchical clustering is performed on the normalized observation data matrix to obtain The number of label classes, including: Perform hierarchical clustering on the normalized observation data matrix to obtain the inflection point of the squared deviation curve in the hierarchical clustering; Take the value of the number of inflection points of the sum of squared deviations as the number of label classes. 5. The method for obtaining the total daily radiation data on a horizontal plane based on solar radiation partitions as claimed in claim 3, wherein at least one area with a meteorological observation site corresponding to the same label is divided into a solar radiation partition, and a plurality of solar radiations are obtained. Partition, follow the steps below: Step 1.5.1. Divide the areas with meteorological observation stations with the same label into the same category, take the same category of areas as one area, and obtain multiple areas, each of which includes at least one area with meteorological observation stations; Step 1.5.2. Map the multiple areas to the map corresponding to the geographic range to obtain a zoning map; Step 1.5.3. Find two adjacent areas in the partition map, and obtain the boundary between the two adjacent areas. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1.5.3.1. Find two adjacent areas in the zoning map, namely area A and area B, respectively, and obtain the location point sets of areas with meteorological observation stations on the edge of area A and area B respectively; Among them, the area location point set with meteorological observation stations on the edge of area A includes one area A edge point, and the area location point set with meteorological observation stations on the edge of area B includes J area B area edge points, and I and J are both positive integers; Step 1.5.3.2. Calculate the geodetic distance between the i-th edge point of A area and the J edge points of B area, and calculate the geodetic distance between the j-th B-area edge point with the nearest geodetic distance and the i-th A-area edge point The midpoint of , as a boundary point, where i≤I, j≤J; Step 1.5.3.3, repeat step 1.5.3.2 until all boundary points are obtained, connect all boundary points into a line, and obtain the boundary line between two adjacent areas; Step 1.5.4, repeat step 1.5.3 until all the dividing lines are obtained, divide the geographic range according to the dividing lines, and obtain a plurality of solar radiation divisions.

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