CN110763421A - Double-piston shock tube - Google Patents
Double-piston shock tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN110763421A CN110763421A CN201911284616.5A CN201911284616A CN110763421A CN 110763421 A CN110763421 A CN 110763421A CN 201911284616 A CN201911284616 A CN 201911284616A CN 110763421 A CN110763421 A CN 110763421A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-piston shock tube, which comprises an experimental section, a low-pressure section and a high-pressure section which are connected in sequence; the high-pressure section comprises a high-pressure cylinder and a vacuum cylinder, a high-pressure resisting pipe is arranged in the high-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure resisting pipe is arranged in the vacuum cylinder, one end of the low-pressure resisting pipe is communicated with one end of the high-pressure resisting pipe, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the other end of the low-pressure resisting pipe, the low-pressure resisting pipe is also connected with a gas driving cylinder outside the vacuum cylinder, and the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder is also connected with a gas pump; the other end of the high-pressure resistant pipe is provided with a main piston, the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant pipe is also provided with an auxiliary piston to divide the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant pipe into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated through a pipeline, the second cavity is provided with a through hole to be communicated with the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder, and the second cavity is also communicated with the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder; the inner wall of one end of the high-pressure cylinder, which is connected with the low-pressure section, is provided with a impacted block, the impacted block is opposite to the main piston, and the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder is also connected with a high-pressure air pressure meter. The shock wave generated by the shock wave tube is pure, the cooling time is short, and the experimental efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerodynamics or hydromechanics, in particular to a double-piston shock tube.
Background
The gas shock wave is an important physical phenomenon in supersonic airflow, the shock wave is generated by the pressure difference formed by a high-pressure section and a low-pressure section of the gas shock wave, the shock wave is generated by adopting a membrane-breaking type shock wave mostly at home and abroad, such as the shock waves of single-membrane breaking, double-membrane structure, needle-punched membrane and other types, although the Mach number range of the incident shock wave generated by the shock wave is wider, membrane-breaking fragments can be generated in the process of generating the shock wave and breaking the membrane by the shock wave to interfere a flow field, and the membrane needs to be replaced every time an experiment is performed, so that the experiment efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a double-piston shock tube which can generate purer shock waves, has shorter cooling time and higher experimental efficiency.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a double-piston shock tube comprises an experimental section, a low-pressure section and a high-pressure section which are sequentially connected from left to right;
the high-pressure section comprises a high-pressure cylinder and a vacuum cylinder, a high-pressure resisting pipe is arranged in the high-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure resisting pipe is arranged in the vacuum cylinder, one end of the low-pressure resisting pipe is communicated with one end of the high-pressure resisting pipe, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the other end of the low-pressure resisting pipe, the low-pressure resisting pipe is further connected with a first air driving cylinder outside the vacuum cylinder through a pipeline, a first valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the low-pressure resisting pipe and the first air driving cylinder outside the vacuum cylinder, the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder is further connected with a first air pump through a pipeline, and a second valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the inner cavity of; the other end of the high-pressure resistant pipe is provided with a main piston, the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant pipe is also provided with an auxiliary piston to divide the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant pipe into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated through a pipeline, the second cavity is provided with a through hole to be communicated with the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder, and the second cavity is also communicated with the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder through a pipeline; the inner wall of one end of the high-pressure cylinder, which is connected with the low-pressure section, is provided with a impacted block, the impacted block is opposite to the main piston, and the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder is also connected with a high-pressure air pressure meter through a third valve;
one end of the low-pressure section is connected with the high-pressure cylinder, the other end of the low-pressure section is connected with the experimental section, an inner cavity of the low-pressure section is connected with the second gas driving cylinder, the low-pressure barometer and the waste gas cylinder through pipelines respectively, a fourth valve and a fifth valve are arranged on the pipelines connected with the low-pressure section, the second gas driving cylinder and the low-pressure barometer respectively, the waste gas cylinder is further connected with the air pump, and a sixth valve is arranged on the pipeline connected with the air pump by the waste gas cylinder.
The main piston and the auxiliary piston can axially move in the second cavity.
The main piston and the auxiliary piston are made of nylon materials.
The electromagnetic valve is a normally open electromagnetic valve, so that the vacuum cylinder can conveniently fan heat when being in a vacuum state.
The experimental section is provided with a perspective window and is used for observing the generated shock waves and carrying out measurement and research.
The high-pressure cylinder and the vacuum cylinder are connected through a flange.
Has the advantages that: according to the double-piston shock tube provided by the invention, the shock tube can generate a relatively pure shock wave, the cooling time is relatively short, the experimental efficiency is relatively high, and the electromagnetic valve is a normally open electromagnetic valve, so that the heat dissipation of a vacuum cylinder in a vacuum state is facilitated; in the selection of the piston, the main piston and the auxiliary piston are made of nylon materials, the nylon has lighter weight than metal, and meanwhile, the high strength of the piston can be ensured, the piston can bear load for a long time, and the piston has good rebound resilience, keeps toughness and resists repeated impact; the impacted block is fixed on the inner wall of the high-pressure cylinder, so that the impact of the quick movement of the piston on the cylinder is reduced, and the service life of the shock tube is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-piston shock tube in an inflated state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a double-piston shock tube in a deflated state;
in the figure: 1. the experimental section 2, the perspective window 3, the low pressure section 4, the second gas driving cylinder 5, the fourth valve 6, the third valve 7, the high pressure barometer 8, the impacted block 9, the high pressure cylinder 10, the auxiliary piston 11, the vacuum cylinder 12, the normally open solenoid valve 13, the second valve 14, the first air pump 15, the first gas driving cylinder 16, the first valve 17, the low pressure resistant pipe 18, the high pressure resistant pipe 19, the first cavity 20, the second cavity 21, the through hole 22, the main piston 23, the sixth valve 24, the second air pump 25, the low pressure barometer 26 and the fifth valve.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and examples, without however being limited thereto.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, a double-piston shock tube comprises an experimental section 1, a low-pressure section 3 and a high-pressure section which are connected in sequence from left to right;
the high-pressure section comprises a high-pressure cylinder 9 and a vacuum cylinder 11, a high-pressure resisting pipe 18 is arranged in the high-pressure cylinder 9, a low-pressure resisting pipe 17 is arranged in the vacuum cylinder 11, one end of the low-pressure resisting pipe 17 is communicated with one end of the high-pressure resisting pipe 18, an electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged at the other end of the low-pressure resisting pipe 17, the low-pressure resisting pipe 17 is further connected with a first air driving cylinder 15 outside the vacuum cylinder through a pipeline, a first valve 16 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the low-pressure resisting pipe 17 with the first air driving cylinder 15 outside the vacuum cylinder 11, the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder 11 is further connected with a first air pump 14 through a pipeline, and a second valve 13 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder; the other end of the high-pressure resistant pipe 18 is provided with a main piston 22, the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant pipe 18 is also provided with an auxiliary piston 10 which divides the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant pipe 18 into a first cavity 19 and a second cavity 20, the first cavity 19 is communicated with the second cavity 20 through a pipeline, the second cavity 19 is provided with a through hole 21 which is communicated with the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 9, and the second cavity 20 is also communicated with the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder 11 through a pipeline; the inner wall of one end of the high-pressure cylinder 9, which is connected with the low-pressure section 3, is provided with an impacted block 8, the impacted block 8 is opposite to the main piston 22, and the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 9 is also connected with a high-pressure air pressure gauge 7 through a third valve 6;
one end of the low-pressure section 3 is connected with the high-pressure cylinder 9, the other end of the low-pressure section is connected with the experimental section 1, an inner cavity of the low-pressure section 3 is respectively connected with the second gas driving cylinder 4, the low-pressure air gauge 25 and the waste gas cylinder 24 through pipelines, a fourth valve and a fifth valve are respectively arranged on the pipelines connected with the low-pressure section 3, the second gas driving cylinder 4 and the low-pressure air gauge 25, the waste gas cylinder is further connected with the air pump, and a sixth valve is arranged on the pipeline connected with the air pump.
The primary piston 22 and the secondary piston 10 are axially movable within the second chamber 20.
The main piston 22 and the auxiliary piston 8 are made of nylon materials.
The electromagnetic valve 12 is a normally open electromagnetic valve, which is convenient for the vacuum cylinder 11 to fan heat when in a vacuum state.
The experimental section 1 is provided with a perspective window 2 for observing the generated shock wave and carrying out measurement and research.
The working process of the shock tube is as follows:
the required shock mach number is determined first and then the predetermined pressures required for the high and low pressure sections 3 are determined. When the shock tube works, firstly, the high-pressure section is pressurized, gas in the first gas driving cylinder 15 is driven to enter the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 9 through the first valve 16, the low-pressure resisting pipe 17 and the high-pressure resisting pipe 18 in sequence, at the moment, the normally open electromagnetic valve 16 is electrified, the valve port is closed, the sixth valve 23 is closed, when the gas enters the first cavity of the high-pressure resisting pipe 18, the main piston 22 and the auxiliary piston 10 move leftwards due to gas pressure, when the main piston 22 reaches the leftmost end, the main piston 22 collides with the impacted block to block the gas communication between the high-pressure section and the low-pressure section 3, the auxiliary piston 10 moves leftwards to open the valves on the pipelines connecting the first cavity 19 and the second cavity 20, so as to communicate the first cavity 19 and the second cavity 20, thus, the driving gas enters the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 9 from the through hole 21 on the second cavity 20, the third valve 6 is opened, and the, when the predetermined pressure is reached, the first valve 16 is closed.
Subsequently, the fourth valve 5 is opened to drive the gas in the second gas driving cylinder 4 to pass through the low pressure section 3, the fifth valve 26 is opened, the low pressure gauge 25 is observed, and when the preset pressure is reached, the fifth valve 26 is closed. At this time, the preparation work before generating the shock wave is completed;
and finally, opening a second valve, connecting and starting a first air pump 14, exhausting air to the vacuum cylinder 11, when the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder 11 reaches a vacuum state, powering off the normally open electromagnetic valve 12, opening the valve port, and rapidly moving the main piston 22 and the auxiliary piston 10 to the right under the action of air pressure, wherein high-pressure air in the second cavity 20 is discharged into the vacuum cylinder 11 through a pipeline, the high-pressure cylinder is communicated with the low-pressure section 3 of the high-pressure cylinder 9, the air in the high-pressure cylinder 9 can flow into the low-pressure section 3, compression waves are generated in the low-pressure section 3, shock waves are generated, and when the shock waves reach the experimental section 1, the shock waves are observed, measured and researched through the perspective window 2.
After the experiment is finished, the sixth valve 23 is opened, the second air pump 24 is started, waste gas in the shock tube is exhausted, and finally the sixth valve 23 and the second air pump 24 are closed, so that the next experiment can be carried out.
Claims (6)
1. A double-piston shock tube is characterized by comprising an experimental section, a low-pressure section and a high-pressure section which are sequentially connected from left to right;
the high-pressure section comprises a high-pressure cylinder and a vacuum cylinder, a high-pressure resisting pipe is arranged in the high-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure resisting pipe is arranged in the vacuum cylinder, one end of the low-pressure resisting pipe is communicated with one end of the high-pressure resisting pipe, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the other end of the low-pressure resisting pipe, the low-pressure resisting pipe is further connected with a first air driving cylinder outside the vacuum cylinder through a pipeline, a first valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the low-pressure resisting pipe and the first air driving cylinder outside the vacuum cylinder, the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder is further connected with a first air pump through a pipeline, and a second valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the inner cavity of; the other end of the high-pressure resistant pipe is provided with a main piston, the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant pipe is also provided with an auxiliary piston to divide the inner cavity of the high-pressure resistant pipe into a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated through a pipeline, the second cavity is provided with a through hole to be communicated with the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder, and the second cavity is also communicated with the inner cavity of the vacuum cylinder through a pipeline; the inner wall of one end of the high-pressure cylinder, which is connected with the low-pressure section, is provided with a impacted block, the impacted block is opposite to the main piston, and the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder is also connected with a high-pressure air pressure meter through a third valve;
one end of the low-pressure section is connected with the high-pressure cylinder, the other end of the low-pressure section is connected with the experimental section, an inner cavity of the low-pressure section is connected with the second gas driving cylinder, the low-pressure barometer and the waste gas cylinder through pipelines respectively, a fourth valve and a fifth valve are arranged on the pipelines connected with the low-pressure section, the second gas driving cylinder and the low-pressure barometer respectively, the waste gas cylinder is further connected with the air pump, and a sixth valve is arranged on the pipeline connected with the air pump by the waste gas cylinder.
2. A double piston shock tube according to claim 1 wherein the primary and secondary pistons are axially movable within the second chamber.
3. The double-piston shock tube of claim 1, wherein the primary piston and the secondary piston are made of nylon.
4. The double-piston shock tube according to claim 1, wherein the solenoid valve is a normally open solenoid valve.
5. The double-piston shock tube of claim 1, wherein the test section is provided with a see-through window.
6. A double piston shock tube according to claim 1, wherein said high pressure cylinder and said vacuum cylinder are connected by a flange.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911284616.5A CN110763421A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Double-piston shock tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911284616.5A CN110763421A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Double-piston shock tube |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110763421A true CN110763421A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911284616.5A Pending CN110763421A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Double-piston shock tube |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112324760A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-05 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | Large-diameter piston switch structure of high dynamic pressure shock tube |
-
2019
- 2019-12-13 CN CN201911284616.5A patent/CN110763421A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112324760A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-05 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | Large-diameter piston switch structure of high dynamic pressure shock tube |
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