CN110762087A - Novel connecting mode and local reinforcing mode of component or plate - Google Patents
Novel connecting mode and local reinforcing mode of component or plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110762087A CN110762087A CN201911034016.3A CN201911034016A CN110762087A CN 110762087 A CN110762087 A CN 110762087A CN 201911034016 A CN201911034016 A CN 201911034016A CN 110762087 A CN110762087 A CN 110762087A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
The patent refers to the field of 'constructional elements or structures, or details thereof'. This patent has following advantage: 1: the connection performance of the steel structural members is enhanced, the existing high-strength bolt friction type connection is changed into extrusion and occlusion between the plates as main connection when the structural members or the plates are connected (such as high-strength bolt connection), and meanwhile, the material of the material body attached to the surfaces of the plates can be optimized or strengthened according to needs, so that the fastening connection is more reliable and the bearing capacity is higher than that of a conventional connection mode. 2: the stress of the stress concentration positions of the structural member or the plate is improved, wherein the stress concentration positions comprise plate openings, folding angles, sharp corners, plate variable cross sections and rigid constraint positions. 3: the strength, ductility, rigidity, fatigue strength, weather resistance, durability, corrosion resistance and high and low temperature resistance of local weak parts of the plate are improved, wherein the parts comprise a steel beam midspan or a part with larger internal force of a support, a part where the plate is easy to lose stability, a part where a column base and a support joint are easy to corrode, and a component under the action of dynamic load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel connecting mode and a local reinforcing mode of a component or a plate. On the existing member or plate, local material adding or reducing mode is adopted to add or strengthen the local parts of the member and plate so as to reduce the local stress of the member and plate or change the stress state of the connecting part of the member or plate, and meanwhile, the local material performance of the member or plate is optimized or improved by selecting the material characteristics of the additive body. The invention belongs to the technical field of structural engineering.
Background
At present, structural stressed members are mostly composed of plates with equal sections, but internal forces on the members are different under most conditions at different sections, for example, for a beam member composed of a plurality of plates with equal sections, the section size and material characteristics at each position are generally the same, but the internal forces at each position are generally different, so that for one member with equal sections, the stress of a part of the section is large, the stress of a part of the section is small, the stress of the part of the section is large, the bearing capacity at the position of the section of the member is possibly insufficient, the member is in an unsafe state, and the internal force at the position of the section of the member is small due to the small stress of the part of the section, so that the material at the position of the section of the member is in a low stress. At present, in order to solve the problem, the bearing capacity of each section of the whole member is generally larger than the maximum internal force generated by external action, or a reinforcing member or a plate is additionally arranged at the section part with large stress, and the two methods cause local material waste because the internal force at the section part of the member is small, or increase of cost is caused because the reinforcing member or the plate is required to be added. The invention enables the component or the plate to change the local geometric dimension by locally adding materials on the component or the plate, such as thickening and enlarging the local section and optimizing or strengthening the material characteristics of the additive body, thereby improving the bearing capacity, the stability, the performance and the deformability under the action of dynamic load of the component, and improving the strength, the ductility, the rigidity, the fatigue resistance, the durability, the weather resistance, the high and low temperature resistance and the fastening reliability of the component or the plate.
The local weak part of the plate formed due to various reasons, such as a plate opening (such as a bolt opening and a pipeline opening), a local weak part of the plate, a variable cross section of the plate, a plate folding angle, a rigid constraint part, a cross pipe joint, a self-tapping nail or a rivet joint for cold-bending thin-wall section steel, and a plate stress concentration part, is often a key part for damaging a structure, a component or a plate at present or a part for controlling the cross section. According to the invention, the local weak part of the plate is optimized or enhanced in a local material increase mode, so that the bearing capacity, the stability and the deformability of the stress concentration part of the member, the fatigue performance under the action of dynamic load, the strength, the ductility, the rigidity, the durability, the weather resistance and the high and low temperature resistance are improved.
Conventional fastening between steel structural members or platesOne method is to adopt high-strength bolt friction type shear connection, the high-strength bolt applies pressure outside the plane of the connecting plates, external acting force is resisted by means of friction force between the connecting plates, a calculation formula is shown in section 11.4.2 in steel structure design standard GB50017-2017, and the calculation formula is as follows: n is a radical ofb v＝0.9×k×nfThe multiplying factor mu is multiplied by P, but the anti-sliding coefficient mu of the friction surface in the calculation parameters of the shearing resistance and the bearing capacity of the high-strength bolt is a parameter which is difficult to accurately determine, and if the anti-sliding coefficient mu determined by design is larger than the value mu in the actual engineering, the structure has potential safety hazards. When the components or the plates are connected, the serrated surface is formed by locally increasing or decreasing the material bodies on the surfaces of the connecting parts of the plates or the fasteners, and meanwhile, the material of the additive body is reinforced or optimized, so that the original friction type shear-resistant tensile connection is mainly changed into the engagement extrusion shear-resistant tensile connection, and the bearing capacity, the fastening reliability and other related indexes of the connecting part of the steel structure components are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention relates to a method for locally adding or reducing material on the existent member or plate material to make local portion of the member or plate material implement reinforcement treatment so as to reduce the local stress of the member and plate material and change the stress state of connecting portion of the member or plate material, at the same time, it can optimize or raise local material property of plate material by selecting material property of additive body. This patent belongs to structural engineering technical field.
The existing component or plate is locally optimized or enhanced by adding and reducing materials, and the existing component or plate ①, an additive body ②, a plate opening or stress concentration ③, a fastener ④, a connecting plate ⑤ and a material reduction ⑥ are involved, wherein the additive body ② is in a flat plate shape, a particle shape or a linear shape, the particle shape can be a multi-pyramid shape, a pagoda shape, a twisted thread body or a pin shape ⑦⑧⑨⑩, and the component or plate ① is a component or plate in an engineering structure.
The invention provides a novel local strengthening and connecting mode of an existing member or plate, namely materials are added or reduced at local parts of the existing member or plate, the added materials change the detailed shape and the size of the local parts, and the added materials can be the same as or different from the materials of the member or plate. The purpose is that, 1: the novel connection mode is provided when structural members or plates are fastened and connected (such as high-strength bolt connection, common bolt connection, screw connection, rivet connection, nailing connection and self-tapping nail connection), materials on the surfaces of connection parts of the plates form serrated surfaces (the serrated surfaces are formed by simple or complex particle material bodies or line material bodies) through a local material increasing and decreasing mode, the existing fastening and connecting mode (such as high-strength bolt friction type connection) is changed into the engagement and connection between the plates and the plates or between the plates and the fasteners, and meanwhile, the properties of the material bodies added on the surfaces of the plates can be optimized or strengthened according to needs, so that the fastening and connection has better bearing capacity, ductility, rigidity, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, high and low temperature resistance and fastening reliability. 2: the local weak part of the plate formed due to various reasons, such as a plate opening (such as a bolt opening and a pipeline opening), a local weak part of the plate, a plate variable cross section, a plate folding angle, a sharp angle, a cross pipe joint, a rigid constraint part and a plate stress concentration part, is often a key part for the damage of a structure, a component or a plate at present, or an internal force control cross section. The plate is locally optimized or enhanced through a local material increase mode, the geometric dimension is locally changed, such as thickening and section increasing, and the material characteristics of material increase are optimized and selected to improve the bearing capacity, stability, performance and deformability of the member under the action of dynamic load, and the strength, ductility, rigidity, weather resistance, corrosion resistance and high and low temperature resistance of the plate. 3: the method is characterized in that the geometric dimension of a cross section part with larger stress of a component or a plate is locally changed, such as thickening and section enlarging, by a local material adding mode, and the material characteristics of the material adding are optimized to improve the bearing capacity, fatigue strength, stability, performance and deformability under dynamic load of the component, and improve the strength, ductility, rigidity, fatigue strength, weather resistance, durability, corrosion resistance and high and low temperature resistance of a local weak part of the plate, wherein the parts, such as a steel beam span or a part with larger stress of a support, a local easy instability part of a thin plate, a column foot, a support node easy corrosion part and the component (such as a crane beam and a track) under the action of dynamic load.
The invention provides a method for increasing and decreasing materials at local parts of an existing member or plate to change the detailed dimension and the material property of the local parts, which is characterized in that the member or plate is used as a stressed member applied to the field of structural engineering or mechanical engineering, and the section of the member or plate is various stressed sections, such as various hot-rolled sections, cold-bent sections, welded common or thin-wall sections, various combined sections, such as I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel, rectangular tubes, round tubes, plates, angle steel, channel steel and various cold-bent thin-wall section steels.
The plate and the additive body can be made of the following materials: various metal materials (such as high-strength steel, aluminum materials and composite metals), composite engineering plastics, polymers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers, ceramics and wood.
The material adding and reducing part: the single-side or double-side fastening connection part (such as a high-strength bolt connection part, a common bolt connection part, a rivet connection part, a shooting nail connection part and a self-tapping nail connection part) of the component or the plate, the connection surface part of the fastener, the section with larger stress of the component, the weakened part (such as a hole) of the section, the stress concentrated part (such as a folded angle of the component) of the component or the plate, a sharp angle of the plate, a rigid constraint part, various complex nodes (such as a support node) and the component under the action of dynamic load.
The precursor state of the additive body raw material is as follows: powder, liquid, filament, gas or formed granule.
The material increase and decrease mode comprises the following steps: laser, electron beam, chemical, physical, plasma, various welds.
The material adding and reducing method comprises the following steps: melting and accumulating, manufacturing a fuse wire, melting by laser, overlaying, cladding, spraying, electrophoresis and electroplating, rolling, stamping, cutting and embedding.
The structural shape of the additive body particles is as follows: arrow cluster-shaped enlarged heads, bolt shapes, multi-pyramid shapes, twist-shaped guide grooves, barbed angle edge bar grids and various drill bit shapes.
The additive material: the material addition and the optimization or strengthening of the material property of the additive body are carried out on the part of the existing member or plate in a certain way, the initial state of the additive body can be liquid, gas, solid (such as powder or thread shape or formed particle shape), and the arrangement of the additive body on the plate can be point-shaped, linear, cross-linear or flat.
The benefits that can be achieved with the present invention in practical engineering applications are as follows:
1: the connection of the reinforced metal structural members is changed from conventional friction surface shear connection to conventional friction surface shear connection at the fastening (such as friction type high-strength bolts) joint of the existing members or plates, and saw-toothed occlusal surface extrusion occlusion shear connection is formed on the surfaces of the members and connecting plates or fasteners at the joint after material increase and decrease, and the material property of the material increase is enhanced. So as to improve the high strength, effectiveness, reliability, accuracy, economy and fastening reliability of the connection.
2: the stress concentration part is strengthened, and the stress concentration part of the existing component or plate of the structure is stressed, such as: the notches, sharp corners, holes, grooves, rigid constraint parts, bent corners, cold-formed thin-wall section steel connecting parts and the intersected connecting parts of the main pipe and the branch pipes are subjected to material increase and then locally form geometric section increase and material strengthening areas at stress concentration parts so as to reduce stress concentration and further improve the safety performance of the component.
3: the material is added at the position where the stress or deformation of the component (or the plate or the node) is larger or the environment is poorer, such as the middle span of a steel beam or the position where the stress of a support is larger, the position where the stable stress of the component or the thin plate is larger (the position where the stable stress is easy to lose), a column base and the support node are easy to corrode, and the component (such as a crane beam and a track) under the action of dynamic load is locally provided with a geometric section increase and the optimization or high reinforcement of the material bulk property, so that the integral bearing capacity, the fatigue strength, the stability, the deformability, the corrosion resistance, the weather resistance and the high and low temperature resistance of the component or the plate or the node are improved, and the material consumption of the component can be reduced to obtain good economic performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a panel or member fastening connection node with an additive body
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a conventional fastening connection (high strength bolt) joint of plates or members without an additive body
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a plate or member fastening connection (high-strength bolt) node of an additive body
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional exploded view of a plate or member fastening connection (high-strength bolt connection) node of an additive body
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a fastening joint (high-strength bolt connection, ordinary bolt connection, rivet connection, nail-shooting connection, self-tapping connection) of a plate with an additional (or additional) material body
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the fastening connection points (high strength bolt connection, ordinary bolt connection, screw connection, rivet connection, nail-shooting connection, self-tapping connection) of the plate members with the arc surface increasing (decreasing) material bodies
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the connection point of the two-sided board with the material body
FIG. 8 shows the edge of a hole in a plate with an additive body
FIG. 9 is a polygonal pyramid shape of additive body particles
FIG. 10 is a pagoda-shaped enlarged head arrow cluster shape of additive body particles
FIG. 11 shows a partially installed additive body of an existing plate
FIG. 12 optimized shape example of additive body particles
The pagoda-shaped enlarged head in fig. 13 has the effect that the particles of the additive body are mutually engaged under the pressure
FIG. 14 is a view of the multi-pyramid twist-like guide grooves for eccentrically twisting the additive particles into engagement with each other under pressure
FIG. 15 shows a stepped grid of barbed corner strips with additive body particles engaging each other under pressure
FIG. 16 is a fragmentary view of an existing plate member formed by rolling, cutting, extruding, and etching
FIG. 17 is a view showing the formation of a relief profile of an existing plate member by rolling, cutting, pressing, and etching
FIG. 18 shows the arrangement of additive particles by embedding the plates
FIG. 19 shows the placement of additive bodies at the junction of the cross tubes
FIG. 20 shows the additive bodies disposed at the corners of the panels
FIG. 21 shows the placement of plate additive bodies where plate or member stresses (e.g., strength, stability) are greater, e.g., at beam spans, pedestals
FIG. 22 is a single or double sided tooth like particle additive (subtractive) material body stamped on one or both sides to form a web
Fig. 23 is an example diagram of an additive body particle optimized shape with complex features: the main characteristics are as follows: a polygonal pyramid, an arrow-shaped enlarged head, a twist-shaped guide groove and a barbed angle edge strip ladder grid.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawings
As shown in fig. 1-23:
1-an existing component or plate, 2-an additive body (an additional reinforced or optimized material body), 3-a hole, 4-a fastener (such as a high-strength bolt, a common bolt, a screw, a rivet, a nail, a self-tapping nail), 5-a connecting plate, 6-a material reduction treatment structure, 7-a multi-pyramid structure of additive body particles, 8-a pagoda-shaped enlarged head structure of the additive body particles, 9-a twisted guide groove structure of the additive body particles, and 10-a barbed angle edge strip step grid structure of the additive body particles.
The invention provides a novel reinforcing and fastening connection mode of a component or a plate, which consists of an existing component or plate 1, an additive body 2, fasteners (such as high-strength bolts, common bolts, screws, rivets, shooting nails and self-tapping nails) 4, holes 3, a material reducing treatment structure 6 and a connecting plate 5, wherein the additive body is made of the following materials: various metal materials (such as high-strength steel, aluminum materials and various alloys), composite engineering plastics, carbon fibers, basalt fibers, wood, polymer materials and ceramic materials. The raw material state of the additive body is as follows: powdered, filamentous, liquid or formed granular. Material increase and decrease mode: laser, chemical, physical, plasma, various welding. The additive method comprises the following steps: melting and stacking, fuse wire manufacturing, laser melting, cladding, spraying, electrophoresis and electroplating, rolling, stamping and embedding. The arrangement of the additive bodies on the plate elements can be punctiform, linear, cross-linear, planar. The structural shape of the additive body particles is as follows: bolt-shaped, arrow-cluster-shaped enlarged heads, multi-pyramids, twist-shaped guide grooves, barbed angle edge bar grids and various drill bit shapes. The member or plate is used as a stressed member applied to the field of structural engineering or mechanical engineering, and the section of the member or plate is various stressed sections, such as various hot-rolled sections, cold-formed sections, welded common or thin-wall sections and various combined section forms, such as I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel, rectangular tubes, round tubes, plates, angle steel, channel steel and cold-formed thin-wall section steel. The structural member or the plate member can be provided with holes with various shapes.
The calculation formula of section 11.4.2 in steel structure design Standard GB50017-2017 is as follows: n is a radical ofb v＝0.9×k×nfThe invention can improve the hole shape coefficient k in the calculation formula by the local thickening and squeezing effect of the additive body, the additive body changes the local stress state, the friction stress is mainly changed into the occlusion squeezing stress, the anti-sliding coefficient mu of the friction surface can be improved, and the shearing bearing capacity N of the high-strength bolt is ensuredb vIs improved.
Section 11.4.1 calculation formula in steel structure design Standard GB50017-2017 is as follows: n is a radical ofb c＝d×∑t×fc b、
Nr c＝d0×∑t×fc rThe invention can improve local sigma t and f by local thickening of the additive body and local optimization and enhancement of the materialc r、fc bSo that the shearing and bearing capacity and the corrosion resistance of the fastener are improved.
Through set up the increase material body on plate and fastener, make it interlock each other when the atress, can prevent that the fastener is not hard up, improve the reliability that the fastener is connected.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The reinforcement treatment relates to the existing member or plate ①, the additive ②, the plate opening or stress concentration ③, the fastener connection ④, the connecting plate ⑤ and the material reduction ⑥, the additive ② is in the shape of a flat plate, a wire or a particle, the particle is in the shape of a polygon cone, a pagoda, a twisted thread, a barbed angle strip grid or a pin ⑦⑧⑨⑩, the arrangement of the additive on the plate can be point-shaped, linear, crossed linear and planar, and the member or plate ① is the member or plate in an engineering structure.
2. The present invention relates to a method for improving the strength of a structural member or panel, wherein the strength of the structural member or panel is increased or decreased locally, and the increased material changes the detailed dimensions of the local regions, and the increased material may be homogeneous or heterogeneous with the material of the structural member or panel, and the object is to provide a novel connection method for forming a serrated surface of the material of the panel connection region surface (the serrated surface is composed of simple or complex linear or granular material ⑦⑧⑨⑩) by increasing or decreasing the material locally, when the structural member or panel is fastened (such as high strength bolting, normal bolting, riveting, nailing, self-tapping), which is changed from the existing fastening connection method (such as high strength bolting friction type connection) to the interlocking connection between the panel and the panel or panel and the fastener, and the properties of the material added to the panel surface can be optimized or strengthened as required, so that the fastening connection has better ductility, stiffness, fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, high or low resistance, such as local stress-increasing strength, local stress-increasing characteristics, such as increased strength of the structural member or beam, and increasing the strength of the cross-increasing the strength of the structural member or panel (such as high stress-increasing cross-resisting structural member, high strength, increasing cross-resisting strength, increasing material).
3. The existing member or plate according to claim 1 is a stressed member, and its cross section is in various hot-rolled, cold-bent, welded common or thin-walled type, and various combined cross section forms, such as i-steel, H-steel, rectangular pipe, round pipe, angle steel, channel steel, various cold-bent thin-walled steel, various combined cross section, and the material of the plate and the additive body may be: various metal materials (such as high-strength steel, aluminum materials and various alloys), composite engineering plastics, carbon fibers, basalt fibers, ceramics, wood and polymer materials. The local part of the material is increased or decreased: the single-side or double-side fastening connection part (such as a high-strength bolt connection part, a common bolt connection part, a rivet connection part, a shooting nail connection part and a self-tapping nail connection part) of the component or the plate, the connection surface part of the fastener, the section with larger stress of the component, the weakened part (such as a hole) of the section, the stress concentrated part (such as a folded angle part of the component) of the component or the plate, the sharp angle part of the plate, the easy corrosion part of the plate, the rigid constraint part and the stable stress ratio of the thinner component or the plate are larger.
4. The additive body raw material state of claim 1 is powder, thread, liquid, gas or formed particle, and the additive body particles are structured in shapes of arrow cluster-shaped enlarged heads, pintle-shaped, multi-pyramid, twist-shaped guide grooves, barb angle small edge strip grids, and various drill bit shapes ⑦⑧⑨⑩.
5. The material addition/subtraction method according to claim 1: laser, chemical, physical, plasma, various welding, the material increase and decrease method: melting and accumulating, manufacturing a fuse wire, melting by laser, overlaying, cladding, spraying, electrophoresis and electroplating, rolling, stamping, cutting and embedding.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911034016.3A CN110762087A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Novel connecting mode and local reinforcing mode of component or plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911034016.3A CN110762087A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Novel connecting mode and local reinforcing mode of component or plate |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112196869A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江中车电车有限公司 | Bolt mounting structure for car roof battery |
| CN112620182A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 杨安龙 | Sheet metal part |
| CN113236639A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-10 | 东南大学 | Stainless steel plate bolt connecting device and connecting method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN113236639A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-10 | 东南大学 | Stainless steel plate bolt connecting device and connecting method |
| CN113236639B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-07-22 | 东南大学 | A kind of stainless steel plate bolt connection device and connection method |
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