CN110761958B - Blade stall diagnosis method and device of wind generating set - Google Patents
Blade stall diagnosis method and device of wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN110761958B CN110761958B CN201810846887.4A CN201810846887A CN110761958B CN 110761958 B CN110761958 B CN 110761958B CN 201810846887 A CN201810846887 A CN 201810846887A CN 110761958 B CN110761958 B CN 110761958B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The disclosure provides a blade stall diagnosis method and device of a wind generating set. The blade stall diagnosis method includes: acquiring operating state data and operating environment data of the wind generating set; determining whether the acquired running state data and running environment data meet a first preset condition; when the acquired running state data and the running environment data meet a first preset condition, determining whether an actual power curve meets a second preset condition or not by using a design power curve and an actual power curve of the wind generating set; and when the actual power curve meets a second preset condition, determining whether the wind generating set blade is in a stalling state or not by changing the pitch angle of the wind generating set blade. The present disclosure can improve the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosing blade stall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a method and a device for diagnosing blade stall of a wind generating set.
Background
The blades of the wind driven generator are important parts for absorbing wind energy, and the performance of the blades directly influences the absorption of the wind driven generator on the wind energy, so that the overall output condition of the wind driven generator set is influenced. In the actual operation process of the wind generating set, under a certain working condition, the situation of blade stall may exist, wherein the blade stall causes that the lift force of the blade becomes smaller, the resistance becomes larger, and the capability of the blade for absorbing wind energy is sharply reduced, so that the output power of the wind generating set is greatly different from the power design value. For wind farms, blade stall will result in a large loss of power generation after it occurs.
At this stage, it is generally determined whether the blade is in a stall condition simply by way of a power curve comparison (i.e., comparing the actual power curve to the design power curve). However, existing diagnostic methods may lead to erroneous diagnostic conclusions due to the complexity of the blade stall causes (e.g., blade design defects themselves; blade manufacturing process defects; external environmental factors such as high temperature, high humidity, low air density; blade surface contamination leading to changes in blade profile, etc.), and furthermore, simply attributing a wind turbine generator set output reduction to blade stall is also inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide a method for blade stall diagnosis of a wind turbine generator system and an apparatus thereof, which solve at least the above technical problems and other technical problems not mentioned above and provide the following advantageous effects.
An aspect of the present invention provides a blade stall diagnosis method of a wind turbine generator system, which may include: acquiring operating state data and operating environment data of the wind generating set; determining whether the acquired running state data and running environment data meet a first preset condition; when the acquired running state data and the running environment data meet a first preset condition, determining whether an actual power curve meets a second preset condition or not by using a design power curve and an actual power curve of the wind generating set; and when the actual power curve meets a second preset condition, determining whether the wind generating set blade is in a stalling state or not by changing the pitch angle of the wind generating set blade.
The operating state data of the wind turbine generator set may include impeller speed, wind speed, output power, and the operating environment data of the wind turbine generator set may include ambient temperature, air density, altitude.
The first preset condition may include that the obtained air density is less than or equal to the sum of the air density at which the blade is in a stall state under ideal conditions and a certain air density margin and that the obtained impeller rotation speed is greater than or equal to the product of the maximum rotation speed of the wind turbine generator set impeller and a certain generator rotation speed coefficient.
And when the acquired operating state data and the acquired operating environment data do not meet the first preset condition, determining that the blade of the wind generating set is not in the stalling state.
The step of determining whether the actual power curve satisfies the second preset condition using the design power curve and the actual power curve of the wind turbine generator set may include: obtaining an actual power curve having the same air density as the design power curve by converting the obtained wind speed; comparing the converted actual power curve with the design power curve; and selecting a wind speed section according to the comparison result to determine whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition, wherein the wind speed section is a wind speed section in which the difference between the power design value and the actual power value of the design power curve in the same wind speed section is greater than or equal to a preset value.
The step of determining whether the actual power curve satisfies the second preset condition may further include: dividing the selected wind speed section into a plurality of sub-wind speed sections by taking the preset wind speed as a step length; respectively calculating a first difference percentage of an actual power average value and a corresponding power design average value of each of the plurality of sub-wind speed sections; calculating the difference percentage mean value of the selected wind speed sections according to the first difference percentage in each sub-wind speed section; and determining whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition by comparing the calculated difference percentage mean value with a first preset threshold value.
The step of determining whether the actual power curve satisfies the second preset condition may include: when the calculated difference percentage mean value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, determining that an actual power curve meets a second preset condition; and when the calculated difference percentage mean value is smaller than a first preset threshold value, determining that the actual power curve does not meet a second preset condition.
The step of determining whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition by changing the pitch angle of the wind park blade may comprise: gradually changing the pitch angle of the blade of the wind generating set from a theoretical optimal pitch angle to a theoretical maximum pitch angle which enables the blade to get rid of a stall state by taking a preset angle as a step length according to a preset period; and determining whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition by comparing a second difference percentage of the average of the output power over said predetermined period and the corresponding design average of the power over said predetermined period with a second preset threshold each time the blade pitch angle is changed.
The step of determining whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition by comparing the second difference percentage with a second preset threshold may comprise: if the calculated second difference percentage is smaller than a second preset threshold value, determining that the wind generating set blade is in a stall state; and determining that the wind park blade is not in a stall condition if a second difference percentage calculated until the blade pitch angle is changed to said maximum pitch angle is still greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a blade stall diagnosis apparatus of a wind turbine generator system, which may include: the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the operating state data and the operating environment data of the wind generating set; and the blade stall determining module is used for determining whether the acquired operating state data and the acquired operating environment data meet a first preset condition, determining whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition by using the design power curve and the actual power curve of the wind generating set when the acquired operating state data and the acquired operating environment data meet the first preset condition, and determining whether the wind generating set blade is in a stall state by changing the pitch angle of the wind generating set blade when the actual power curve meets the second preset condition.
The operating state data of the wind turbine generator set may include impeller speed, wind speed, output power, and the operating environment data of the wind turbine generator set may include ambient temperature, air density, altitude.
The first preset condition may include that the obtained air density is less than or equal to the sum of the air density at which the blade is in a stall state under ideal conditions and a certain air density margin and that the obtained impeller rotation speed is greater than or equal to the product of the maximum rotation speed of the wind turbine generator set impeller and a certain generator rotation speed coefficient.
When the acquired operating state data and the acquired operating environment data do not meet the first preset condition, the blade stall determination module can determine that the blade of the wind generating set is not in a stall state.
The blade stall determination module can be further used for obtaining an actual power curve with the same air density as the design power curve by converting the obtained wind speed, comparing the converted actual power curve with the design power curve, and selecting a wind speed section with the difference value between the power design value and the actual power value of the design power curve being larger than or equal to a preset value in the same wind speed section according to the comparison result.
The blade stall determination module may be further configured to divide the selected wind speed segment into a plurality of sub-wind speed segments by taking the predetermined wind speed as a step length, calculate a first difference percentage between an actual power mean value of each of the plurality of sub-wind speed segments and a corresponding power design mean value, and calculate a difference percentage mean value of the selected wind speed segment according to the first difference percentage in each of the sub-wind speed segments.
The blade stall determination module may be further configured to compare the calculated difference percentage average with a first preset threshold, determine that the actual power curve satisfies a second preset condition when the calculated difference percentage average is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, and determine that the actual power curve does not satisfy the second preset condition when the calculated difference percentage average is less than the first preset threshold.
The blade stall determination module may be configured to gradually change the pitch angle of the wind park blade from a theoretical optimum pitch angle to a theoretical maximum pitch angle that frees the blade from a stall condition in predetermined angular steps according to a predetermined period. The blade stall determination module may determine whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition each time the blade pitch angle is changed as a result of comparing a second percentage difference between the average of the output power over the predetermined period and a corresponding power design average over the predetermined period with a second preset threshold.
The blade stall determination module may be further operable to compare the calculated second difference percentage to a second preset threshold. The blade stall determination module may determine that the wind park blade is in a stall condition if the calculated second percentage of difference is less than a second preset threshold, and the blade stall determination module may determine that the wind park blade is not in a stall condition if the calculated second percentage of difference is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold until the blade pitch angle is changed to the maximum pitch angle.
An aspect of the invention is to provide a computer readable storage medium storing a program, characterized in that the program may comprise instructions for performing the above described method for blade stall diagnosis of a wind park.
An aspect of the invention is a computer comprising a readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that the computer program comprises instructions for performing the above-described method for blade stall diagnosis of a wind park.
Based on the method for diagnosing the blade stall of the wind generating set and the device thereof, whether the blade has the stall condition or not is determined by comprehensively considering the operating condition and the output condition of the wind generating set, and whether the blade is in the stall state is determined by changing the blade pitch angle, so that the efficiency and the accuracy of diagnosing the blade stall can be improved.
Drawings
The above features and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a blade stall diagnostic method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a graph of wind turbine generator set actual output power compared to design power, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of a relationship between wind turbine generator set blade angle of attack and pitch angle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a blade stall diagnostic method according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a blade stall diagnostic apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. The embodiments are described below in order to explain the present invention by referring to the figures. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a subset of the disclosed embodiments and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the present disclosure, terms including ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", etc., may be used to describe various elements, but these elements should not be construed as being limited to only these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and vice-versa, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
Before setting forth the inventive concepts of the present disclosure, a related description is made of terms employed in the present disclosure. The design power curve refers to a relation curve of wind speed and output power of the wind generating set in each wind speed section (from cut-in wind speed to cut-out wind speed, and divided into one bin every 0.5 m/s) under ideal conditions (the actual wing profile of the blade is consistent with the design wing profile, and the surface of the blade is clean) and certain external wind resource conditions (air density, turbulence intensity and inflow angle) in the design process of the wind generating set. The blade stall refers to the phenomenon that when the rotating speed of an impeller reaches the maximum rotating speed and the output power of the wind generating set does not reach the rated power in the operation process of the wind generating set, the lift force of the blade is sharply reduced along with the increase of the wind speed, and then the output power of the wind generating set is reduced along with the increase of the wind speed.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a blade stall diagnostic method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, in step S101, operation state data and operation environment data of a wind turbine generator set are acquired. The operating state data of the wind turbine generator set may include an impeller rotation speed, a wind speed, an output power, etc., and the operating environment data of the wind turbine generator set may include an ambient temperature, an air density, an altitude, etc. Data such as impeller speed, wind speed, output power, ambient temperature, altitude, etc. may be obtained directly from the anemometer tower data or directly during operation of the wind turbine generator system. However, since a general wind turbine generator set is not equipped with a barometer or an air density sensor, the air density cannot be directly acquired in general, but the present application may indirectly acquire the air density using the ambient temperature and the altitude.
In step S102, it is determined whether the acquired operation state data and the operation environment data satisfy a first preset condition. When the wind generating set is operated under the condition of low air density, the rated wind speed of the wind generating set is increased, so that when the rotating speed of the wind generating set reaches the maximum rotating speed, the wind generating set is still not fully started, and in this case, the stalling phenomenon of the blades can be caused along with the increase of the wind speed. Therefore, it is necessary to first determine whether the operating environment data and the operating condition data of the wind park satisfy the condition of blade stall.
According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the first preset condition may include that the obtained air density is less than or equal to the sum of the air density at which the blade is in a stall state under ideal conditions and a certain air density margin and that the obtained impeller rotational speed is greater than or equal to the product of the maximum rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set impeller and a certain generator rotational speed coefficient. Here, the air density at which the blade is in a stall condition under ideal conditions may be obtained using simulation software (e.g., Bladed), namely: after the model data of the blades and the model data of other components of the wind generating set are input into the Bladed, the ambient temperature is increased while the air density under the simulation condition is gradually reduced, whether the blades stall or not is observed in the process, and the blades stall due to the fact that an air density critical value exists for a certain blade, and the air density critical value is the air density of the blades in the stall state under the ideal condition. And when the acquired operation state data and the acquired operation environment data meet the first preset condition, the step S103 is carried out, otherwise, the blade of the wind generating set is determined not to be in the stall state.
When the acquired operation state data and the acquired operation environment data satisfy the first preset condition, in step S103, it is determined whether the actual power curve satisfies the second preset condition by using the design power curve and the actual power curve of the wind turbine generator set. In step S103, it is first necessary to obtain an actual power curve having the same air density as the design power curve by converting the acquired wind speed, and then compare the converted actual power curve with the design power curve to determine a wind speed segment for determining whether the actual power curve satisfies the second prediction condition. How the actual power curve is compared with the design power curve can be explained with reference to fig. 2.
FIG. 2 is a graph of wind turbine generator set actual output power compared to design power, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, before comparing the actual output power of the wind turbine generator set with the design power curve, the actual wind speed needs to be first converted to the wind speed under the design power curve to ensure that the actual output power curve is compared with the design power curve within the same wind speed segment under the same air density condition. The actual power curve shown in fig. 2 is the actual power curve that would have been obtained by converting the captured wind speed to have the same air density as the design power curve.
As shown in FIG. 2, under the condition of blade stall, when the wind speed is lower than 8m/s, the actual output power curve of the wind generating set is basically consistent with the design power curve, which indicates that the power generation amount of the wind generating set basically meets the design requirement, and when the wind speed is higher than 8m/s, especially in the wind speed range of 9-13m/s, the actual output power of the wind generating set is far lower than the design value of the design power curve, i.e. the phenomenon of 'collapse' of the actual output power curve of the wind generating set is shown.
According to the result of the comparison, a wind speed section can be selected to determine whether the actual power curve meets the second preset condition, wherein the wind speed section is a wind speed section in which the difference between the power design value and the actual power value of the design power curve is greater than or equal to a preset value in the same wind speed section, for example, the wind speed section can be a wind speed section (9-13 m/s) in which the "collapse" phenomenon occurs in fig. 2. Wherein the preset value may be set according to the experience of a designer, for example, the preset value may be 10% or more of a power design value for designing a power curve, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
After the wind speed segment is determined, the selected wind speed segment may be divided into a plurality of sub-wind speed segments with a predetermined wind speed as a step length. For example, the selected wind speed segment may be divided into a plurality of sub-wind speed segments in steps of 0.5 m/s. And after the selected whole wind speed section is divided according to the preset wind speed step length, respectively calculating a first difference percentage of the actual power average value of each sub-wind speed section and the corresponding power design average value. The first percentage difference is the ratio of the power design mean minus the actual power mean to the power design mean. Here, the first difference percentage is calculated using the power design average and the actual output power average for each sub-wind speed segment.
And calculating the difference percentage mean value of the selected wind speed section according to the first difference percentage in each sub-wind speed section, and comparing the calculated difference percentage mean value with a first preset threshold value to determine whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition. Here, the first preset threshold may be set according to the experience of a designer, for example, the first preset threshold may be set to the sum of a constant value and a specific margin value, for example, the constant value may be set to 0.1 and the specific margin value may be set to 0.05, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
When the calculated difference percentage mean value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, it may be determined that the actual power curve satisfies a second preset condition, and when the calculated difference percentage mean value is less than the first preset threshold value, it may be determined that the blade of the wind turbine generator system is not in a stall state.
When the actual power curve meets the second preset condition, proceeding to step S104, it is determined whether the wind turbine generator set blade is in a stall state by changing the pitch angle of the wind turbine generator set blade. In the following, the relation between the angle of attack and the pitch angle of a wind park blade may be explained with reference to fig. 3.
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of a relationship between wind park blade angle of attack and pitch angle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes the relative wind velocity direction acting on the blade, reference numeral 2 denotes the chord line of the blade section, and reference numeral 3 denotesShowing the plane of rotation of the impeller. Blade inflow angle of wind generating set
Is the angle between the relative wind speed direction of the blade and the plane of rotation of the impeller. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，
the angle of attack of the blade section, i.e. the angle between the relative wind speed direction of the blade and the chord line of the blade section,
representing the optimum pitch angle. Generally speaking, before full-time of the wind generating set, the optimal pitch angle of the blade
Is stationary. In the same wind field, because the arrangement positions of the fans are different, the wind speed, the turbulence intensity and the inflow angle of the blades at the positions of the fans are different to a certain extent at the same moment.
When the blade stalls, the optimum pitch angle of the blade may be increased
And reducing the angle of attack of the blade
To bring the blade out of the stall condition and thereby improve the aerodynamic performance of the blade. B in fig. 3 represents the blade pitch angle that needs to be adjusted.
Returning to the step S104, when changing the blade pitch angle, the pitch angle of the blade of the wind generating set is gradually changed from the theoretical optimal pitch angle to the theoretical maximum pitch angle which enables the blade to get rid of the stalling state by taking the preset angle as a step length according to a preset period.
Determining whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition by comparing a second percentage difference between the mean value of the output power over said predetermined period and the corresponding mean value of the power design over said predetermined period with a second preset threshold value each time the blade pitch angle is changed. If the calculated second percentage of difference is smaller than a second preset threshold value, it is determined in step S105 that the wind park blade is in a stall condition, and if the calculated second percentage of difference is still larger than or equal to the second preset threshold value until the blade pitch angle is changed to said maximum pitch angle, it is determined in step S106 that the wind park blade is not in a stall condition. In the following, how to diagnose whether a wind park blade is in a stall condition will be explained in detail with reference to fig. 4.
FIG. 4 is a detailed flow diagram of a method of blade stall diagnosis according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 4, in step S401, the operating state data and the operating environment data of the wind turbine generator set are acquired. Specifically, the operation state data may include impeller rotation speed, wind speed, output power, and the like, and the operation environment data may include ambient temperature, air density, altitude, and the like, wherein the impeller rotation speed, wind speed, output power, ambient temperature, altitude, and the like may be directly obtained from the anemometer tower data or directly obtained during the operation of the wind turbine generator system. If no barometer or air density meter is installed on the wind turbine generator set, the air density of the wind turbine generator set can be obtained using equation (1):
wherein, the air density is represented by,
which is indicative of the temperature of the environment,
indicating the altitude of the site where the wind turbine is located. When calculating the air density, can beThe calculation was made with an ambient temperature average of 10 minutes, however, the disclosure is not so limited.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the obtained impeller rotation speed, wind speed and output power value are all averaged in a short time period (for example, 30 seconds or 60 seconds).
In step S402, it is determined whether the acquired operation state data and operation environment data satisfy a first preset condition. Specifically, it is determined whether the acquired air density and the blade rotational speed satisfy a first preset condition, i.e., whether the acquired air density is less than or equal to the sum of the air density at which the blades are in a stall state under ideal conditions and a certain air density margin, and whether the acquired impeller rotational speed is greater than or equal to the product of the maximum rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set impeller and a certain generator rotational speed coefficient.
For example, whether the acquired data satisfies the first preset condition may be determined according to inequalities (2) and (3):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the simulated critical value of the air density at blade stall, referred to as the air density at blade stall under ideal conditions,
indicating the air density margin. Equation (2) can ensure
<1.225, i.e. the air density at blade stall is less than the standard air density.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure,
the software may be implemented by simulation software (e.g.,bladed). For example, after model data of the Blade and model data of other components of the wind turbine are input into the Blade simulation software, the ambient temperature is raised while the air density is gradually reduced, and during this process it is observed in the software whether the Blade stalls, and for a particular Blade there is an air density threshold that causes the Blade to stall, i.e. while reducing the air density to a level that is below the air density threshold
The blade is in a stall condition, and the critical air density value is the air density at which the blade is in the stall condition under ideal conditions.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the rotation speed coefficient of the generator, the value range is 0.9-1.0,
the maximum rotational speed of the impeller (for a direct-drive wind power generator, the maximum rotational speed or rated rotational speed of the generator) is indicated.
When the acquired data meet the first preset condition, it indicates that the wind generating set has the condition for performing power curve comparative analysis, and the process may proceed to step S403, otherwise, the process proceeds to step S413, and it is determined that the wind generating set blade is not in a stall state.
In step S403, an actual power curve having the same air density as the design power curve is obtained by converting the acquired wind speed. According to the IEC61400-12-1 specification, the obtained wind speed may be scaled according to equation (4):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the average wind speed over a preset time period,
which represents the density of the reference air,
representing the average air density over a preset time period. Here, the preset time period may be set to 10 minutes, that is, the wind speed data and the air density data for ten minutes may be selected to calculate the average wind speed and the average air density for the preset time period. However, the preset time period is not limited thereto. The actual wind speed is converted into the wind speed at the design power curve using equation (4) so that the actual output power curve and the design power curve are compared within the same wind speed section under the same air density condition.
After converting the acquired wind speed, the method proceeds to step S404, and compares the converted actual power curve with the designed power curve to see whether the actual power curve has a "collapse" phenomenon.
In step S405, a wind speed segment in which a difference between a power design value and an actual power value of a designed power curve in the same wind speed segment is greater than or equal to a preset value is selected according to the comparison result, and the selected wind speed segment is divided into a plurality of sub-wind speed segments with a preset wind speed as a step length. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the actual power value in the wind speed range of 9-13m/s is significantly smaller than the power design value, and the wind speed range can be selected as the research object, and then the wind speed is segmented into a plurality of sub-wind speed ranges with the step size of 0.5 m/s.
In step S406, a first difference percentage of the actual power mean value of each of the plurality of sub-wind speed segments and the corresponding power design mean value is respectively calculated, and a difference percentage mean value of the selected wind speed segment is calculated based on the first difference percentage in each of the sub-wind speed segments. Can be based onEquation (5) to calculate the mean percentage difference value of the selected wind speed segments
：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
expressed in a reference air density of
At a wind speed of
First of time
The mean value of the power is designed,
is shown as
The average value of the actual output power is,
indicating the number of sub-wind speed segments into which the intercepted wind speed segment is divided by a predetermined step size.
In step S407, the percentage mean value of the calculated difference values is calculated
A comparison is made with a first preset threshold to determine whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition. The percent mean of difference may be determined according to inequality (6)
Whether it is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing constants which can be set based on the experience of the designer
The size, which is generally 0.1,
indicating the margin, which can be set according to the experience of the designer
The size is generally 0-0.05.
When inequality (6) is satisfied, that is, the calculated difference percentage average M is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, it is determined that the actual power curve satisfies the second preset condition, and then, the process proceeds to step S408. When equation (6) is not satisfied, that is, the calculated percentage mean difference value is smaller than the first preset threshold value, it is determined that the actual power curve does not satisfy the second preset condition, and then the process proceeds to step S413, and it may be directly determined that the blade of the wind turbine generator system is not in the stall state.
In step S408, the blade pitch angle is changed in steps of a predetermined angle according to a predetermined cycle. For example, the blade pitch angle may be increased stepwise in 0.5 degrees in one step with a predetermined period of 10 minutes.
In step S409, a second percentage difference between the average of the output power over the predetermined period and the corresponding power design average over the predetermined period is calculated each time the blade pitch angle is changed. The second difference percentage may be calculated using equation (7)
：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
expressed in a reference air density of
At a wind speed of
First of time
The average value of the output power is designed,
is shown as
Actual output power average.
At step S410, each time the blade pitch angle is changed, the calculated second difference percentage is compared with a second preset threshold, and it may be determined whether the second difference percentage is less than the second preset threshold according to inequality (8):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing constants which can be set based on the experience of the designer
The size, generally takes the value of 0.1.
Under the condition of satisfying inequality (8), it shows that the wind generating set changes the pitch angle of the blade by changing the pitch angle in advance, so that the power generation performance of the wind generating set is obviously improved, and it can be determined that the blade of the wind generating set is in a stall state before changing the pitch angle in advance, if inequality (8) is not satisfied, step S411 is performed to determine whether the current blade pitch angle reaches the theoretical maximum pitch angle enabling the blade to get rid of the stall state.
When the calculated second difference percentage is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold (i.e., inequality (8) is not satisfied), proceed to step S411, and determine whether the current blade pitch angle reaches a theoretical maximum pitch angle that frees the blade from the stall condition. Therein, the theoretical maximum pitch angle for bringing the blade out of the stall condition may be obtained by simulation software (e.g. Bladed), i.e. by setting parameters like blade surface roughness, air density etc. to simulate the theoretical maximum pitch angle for bringing the blade out of the stall condition.
If the current pitch angle has reached the maximum pitch angle, indicating that the second difference percentage calculated until the blade pitch angle is changed to the maximum pitch angle is still greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, proceeding to step S413, it may be determined that the blade is not in a stalled state. If the current pitch angle does not reach the maximum pitch angle, returning to step S408, the blade pitch angle continues to be changed by a predetermined angle step by a predetermined period.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a second difference percentage is calculated every time the blade pitch angle is changed before the blade pitch angle is increased to the simulated maximum pitch angle, and then the calculated second difference percentage is compared with a second preset threshold, and if equation (8) is not satisfied, the process returns to step S408, i.e., the steps S408 to S410 are cycled.
In step S412, it is determined that the wind park blade is in a stall condition if the calculated second percentage of difference is smaller than a second preset threshold value, and it is determined that the wind park blade is not in a stall condition if the calculated second percentage of difference is still larger than or equal to the second preset threshold value until the blade pitch angle is changed to the maximum pitch angle.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a blade stall diagnostic apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 5, the blade stall diagnosis apparatus 500 of a wind park according to the present disclosure may comprise a data acquisition module 501, a blade stall determination module 502502. Each module of the blade stall diagnosis device 500 according to the present disclosure may be implemented by one or more modules, and names of the corresponding modules may vary according to types of devices. In various embodiments, the blade stall diagnostic apparatus 500 may be omitted from the apparatus, or additional modules may also be included. Furthermore, modules according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined to form a single entity, and thus the functions of the respective modules before combination may be equivalently performed.
The data obtaining module 501 may obtain the operating state data and the operating environment data of the wind turbine generator system. The operating state data of the wind turbine generator set may include impeller speed, wind speed, output power, and the operating environment data of the wind turbine generator set may include ambient temperature, air density, altitude. The data acquisition module 501 may perform the processing in step S401.
After obtaining the operating condition data and the operating environment data of the wind turbine generator set, the blade stall determination module 502 may be used to determine whether the obtained operating condition data and the obtained operating environment data satisfy a first preset condition. As an example, the first preset condition may comprise that the obtained air density is less than or equal to the sum of the air density at which the blade is in a stall state under ideal conditions and a certain air density margin and that the obtained impeller rotation speed is greater than or equal to the product of the maximum rotation speed of the wind park impeller and a certain generator rotation speed coefficient. Here, the process of the blade stall determination module 502 determining whether the acquired data satisfies the first preset condition is the same as the process of step S402, and is not described here again.
When the acquired operating state data and operating environment data satisfy a first preset condition, the blade stall determination module 502 determines whether the actual power curve satisfies a second preset condition using the design power curve and the actual power curve of the wind turbine generator set. When the obtained operating condition data and the operating environment data do not satisfy the first preset condition, the blade stall determination module 502 may determine that the blade of the wind turbine generator system is not in a stall condition.
In determining whether the actual power curve satisfies the second preset condition, the blade stall determination module 502 may obtain the actual power curve having the same air density as the design power curve by converting the obtained wind speed. For example, the blade stall determination module 502 may utilize equation (4) to translate the captured wind speed to compare the actual power curve to the design power curve under the same air density conditions.
The blade stall determination module 502 compares the converted actual power curve with the design power curve, and selects a wind speed segment according to the comparison result to determine whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition, wherein the wind speed segment is a wind speed segment in which a difference between a power design value and an actual power value of the design power curve in the same wind speed segment is greater than or equal to a preset value. The blade stall determination module 502 may divide the selected wind speed segment into a plurality of sub-wind speed segments in steps of a predetermined wind speed, and calculate a first percentage difference between an actual power mean of each of the plurality of sub-wind speed segments and a corresponding power design mean, and calculate a percentage difference mean of the selected wind speed segment according to the first percentage difference in each of the sub-wind speed segments, respectively. Here, the process of calculating the mean percentage difference value of the selected wind speed segments is the same as step S406, and is not described herein again.
The calculated percent mean difference value is compared to a first preset threshold by the blade stall determination module 502 to determine whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition. When the calculated difference percentage mean value is larger than or equal to a first preset threshold value, it is determined that the actual power curve meets a second preset condition, and when the calculated difference percentage mean value is smaller than the first preset threshold value, it is determined that the actual power curve does not meet the second preset condition, that is, it can be determined that the blade of the wind generating set is not in a stall state.
After determining that the actual power curve satisfies the second preset condition, the blade stall determination module 502 may determine whether the wind turbine generator system blade is in a stall state by changing a pitch angle of the wind turbine generator system blade.
As an example, the blade stall determination module 502 may gradually change the pitch angle of the wind park blade from a theoretical optimal pitch angle to a theoretical maximum pitch angle that frees the blade from a stall condition in predetermined angular steps according to a predetermined period. The blade stall determination module 502 may determine whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition by comparing a second percentage difference between the average of the output power over the predetermined period and the corresponding power design average over the predetermined period with a second preset threshold each time the blade pitch angle is changed.
The blade stall determination module 502 compares the calculated second difference percentage to a second preset threshold. If the calculated second percentage of difference is less than a second preset threshold, the blade stall determination module may determine that the wind park blade is in a stall condition, and if the calculated second percentage of difference is still greater than or equal to the second preset threshold until the blade pitch angle is changed to the maximum pitch angle, the blade stall determination module 502 may determine that the wind park blade is not in a stall condition. Here, the process of determining whether the blade is in the stall state by changing the blade pitch angle is the same as the process of step S410, and is not described here again.
The method for blade stall diagnosis of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure may be implemented as computer readable instructions on a computer readable recording medium or may be transmitted over a transmission medium. The computer readable recording medium is any data storage device that can store data which can be thereafter read by a computer system. Examples of the computer readable recording medium include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), compact discs (CD-ROMs), Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs), magnetic tapes, floppy disks, and optical data storage devices. The transmission medium may include a carrier wave transmitted over a network or various types of communication channels. The computer readable recording medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable instructions are stored and executed in a distributed fashion.
According to the method for diagnosing the stall of the blade of the wind generating set, the operating environment condition and the operating state of the wind generating set are analyzed, the output condition of the wind generating set under different environments and different working condition conditions is fully considered, a comparison algorithm of an actual power curve and a designed power curve of the wind generating set is provided, finally, a hypothesis verification method is adopted, the generated energy condition of the wind generating set is detected by executing the advanced pitch variation operation on the blade, if the generated energy of the wind generating set is obviously improved after the pitch angle of the blade is changed, the blade is proved to be in the stall state, and if not, the blade is not in the stall state. By using the method and the device disclosed by the invention, whether the blade is in a stall state can be effectively and accurately diagnosed, meanwhile, a solution for the problem of blade stall is provided, and the generated energy of the wind generating set is improved.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (18)
1. A method of diagnosing blade stall of a wind park, the method comprising:
acquiring operating state data and operating environment data of the wind generating set;
determining whether the acquired running state data and running environment data meet a first preset condition;
when the acquired running state data and the running environment data meet a first preset condition, determining whether an actual power curve meets a second preset condition or not by using a design power curve and an actual power curve of the wind generating set;
and when the actual power curve meets a second preset condition, determining whether the wind generating set blade is in a stalling state or not by changing the pitch angle of the wind generating set blade.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating condition data of the wind park comprises impeller speed and wind speed, and the operating environment data of the wind park comprises air density.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first preset condition comprises that the acquired air density is less than or equal to the sum of the air density at which the blades are in the stall condition under ideal conditions and a certain air density margin and that the acquired impeller rotation speed is greater than or equal to the product of the maximum rotation speed of the wind turbine generator set impeller and a certain generator rotation speed coefficient,
and when the acquired operating state data and the acquired operating environment data do not meet the first preset condition, determining that the blade of the wind generating set is not in a stalling state.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of using the design power curve and the actual power curve of the wind park to determine whether the actual power curve meets the second preset condition comprises:
obtaining an actual power curve having the same air density as the design power curve by converting the obtained wind speed;
comparing the converted actual power curve with the design power curve;
selecting a wind speed section according to the comparison result to determine whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition,
and the wind speed section is a wind speed section in which the difference value between the power design value and the actual power value of the design power curve in the same wind speed section is greater than or equal to a preset value.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of determining whether the actual power curve satisfies a second preset condition further comprises:
dividing the selected wind speed section into a plurality of sub-wind speed sections by taking the preset wind speed as a step length;
respectively calculating a first difference percentage of an actual power average value and a corresponding power design average value of each of the plurality of sub-wind speed sections;
calculating the difference percentage mean value of the selected wind speed sections according to the first difference percentage in each sub-wind speed section;
and determining whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition by comparing the calculated difference percentage mean value with a first preset threshold value.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of determining whether the actual power curve satisfies a second preset condition comprises:
when the calculated difference percentage mean value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, determining that an actual power curve meets a second preset condition;
and when the calculated difference percentage mean value is smaller than a first preset threshold value, determining that the blade of the wind generating set is not in a stalling state.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition by changing a pitch angle of the wind park blade comprises:
gradually changing the pitch angle of the blade of the wind generating set from a theoretical optimal pitch angle to a theoretical maximum pitch angle which enables the blade to get rid of a stall state by taking a preset angle as a step length according to a preset period;
determining whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition by comparing a second percentage difference between the mean value of the output power over said predetermined period and the corresponding mean value of the power design over said predetermined period with a second preset threshold value each time the blade pitch angle is changed.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step of determining whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition by comparing the second difference percentage with a second preset threshold value comprises:
if the calculated second difference percentage is smaller than a second preset threshold value, determining that the wind generating set blade is in a stall state;
determining that the wind park blade is not in a stall condition if a second difference percentage calculated until the blade pitch angle is changed to said maximum pitch angle is still greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.
9. A blade stall diagnosis apparatus of a wind park, the apparatus comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the operating state data and the operating environment data of the wind generating set;
and the blade stall determining module is used for determining whether the acquired operating state data and the acquired operating environment data meet a first preset condition, determining whether the actual power curve meets a second preset condition by using the design power curve and the actual power curve of the wind generating set when the acquired operating state data and the acquired operating environment data meet the first preset condition, and determining whether the wind generating set blade is in a stall state by changing the pitch angle of the wind generating set blade when the actual power curve meets the second preset condition.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the operating condition data of the wind turbine generator system includes impeller speed and wind speed, and the operating environment data of the wind turbine generator system includes air density.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first predetermined condition includes the captured air density being less than or equal to the sum of the air density at which the blades are in a stall condition under ideal conditions and a specified air density margin and the captured impeller speed being greater than or equal to the product of the maximum speed of the wind turbine generator system impeller and a specified generator speed coefficient,
and when the acquired operating state data and the acquired operating environment data do not meet the first preset condition, the blade stall determination module determines that the blade of the wind generating set is not in a stall state.
12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the blade stall determination module is to:
obtaining an actual power curve having the same air density as the design power curve by converting the obtained wind speed;
comparing the converted actual power curve with the design power curve;
and selecting the wind speed section in which the difference value between the power design value and the actual power value of the design power curve in the same wind speed section is greater than or equal to a preset value according to the comparison result.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the blade stall determination module is further to:
dividing the selected wind speed section into a plurality of sub-wind speed sections by taking the preset wind speed as a step length;
respectively calculating a first difference percentage of an actual power average value and a corresponding power design average value of each of the plurality of sub-wind speed sections;
and calculating the mean difference percentage of the selected wind speed sections according to the first difference percentage in each sub-wind speed section.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the blade stall determination module is further to:
comparing the calculated difference percentage mean value with a first preset threshold value;
when the calculated difference percentage mean value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, determining that an actual power curve meets a second preset condition;
and when the calculated difference percentage mean value is smaller than a first preset threshold value, determining that the actual power curve does not meet a second preset condition.
15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the blade stall determination module is further to:
gradually changing the pitch angle of the blade of the wind generating set from a theoretical optimal pitch angle to a theoretical maximum pitch angle which enables the blade to get rid of a stall state by taking a preset angle as a step length according to a preset period;
determining whether the wind park blade is in a stall condition according to a result of comparing a second difference percentage of the output power mean value within the predetermined period and the corresponding power design mean value within the predetermined period with a second preset threshold value each time the blade pitch angle is changed.
16. The apparatus of claim 15,
if the calculated second difference percentage is less than a second preset threshold, the blade stall determination module determines that the wind generating set blade is in a stall condition,
the blade stall determination module determines that the wind park blade is not in a stall condition if a second difference percentage calculated until the blade pitch angle is changed to the maximum pitch angle is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold.
17. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program, the program comprising instructions for performing the method of any one of claims 1-8.
18. A computer comprising a readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program comprises instructions for performing the method according to any one of claims 1-8.
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| CN112343776A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-09 | 北京汉风测控技术有限公司 | Wind turbine generator blade efficiency diagnosis method based on field operation data |
| CN114607555A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-06-10 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Control method and device for wind generating set |
| CN113638851B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-11-11 | 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 | Stall monitoring method for wind generating set |
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| US4427897A (en) * | 1982-01-18 | 1984-01-24 | John Midyette, III | Fixed pitch wind turbine system utilizing aerodynamic stall |
| CN102116257B (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-12-26 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Method for improving stability of wind power generator set at high-altitude area |
| US9689374B2 (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2017-06-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for reduction of fatigue and gust loads on wind turbine blades |
| WO2016066170A1 (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-06 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Turbulence sensor for wind turbines |
| CN104675621B (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2017-07-14 | 中船重工(重庆)海装风电设备有限公司 | Determine the method and system of speed-changing oar-changing wind power generation unit blade control parameter |
| CN105257475B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-11-07 | 北京科诺伟业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of control method of Stall Type wind power generating set |
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