CN110761820B - Yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock - Google Patents
Yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN110761820B CN110761820B CN201911080878.XA CN201911080878A CN110761820B CN 110761820 B CN110761820 B CN 110761820B CN 201911080878 A CN201911080878 A CN 201911080878A CN 110761820 B CN110761820 B CN 110761820B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0006—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by the bolt material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0013—Protection against corrosion
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
Abstract
The invention relates to a yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, manufacturing a yielding component with adjustable yielding load: the yielding component consists of a cavity shell and a force transmission shaft, wherein a piston at one end of the force transmission shaft is positioned in the cavity shell, and the cavity shell is filled with hydraulic oil and provided with a pressure limiting valve; secondly, determining the relation between the yielding load and the regulating quantity of the pressure limiting valve; thirdly, when the yielding component is applied to a roadway or a tunnel, assembling the yielding component and the anchor rod body according to the designed yielding load, the maximum yielding amount and the yielding position; and fourthly, punching holes in the surrounding rock, anchoring the anchor rod into the surrounding rock by using an anchoring agent, installing a limiting supporting plate, and fixing the anchor rod by using a limiting bolt. Based on the structural characteristics of the invention, the three yielding anchor rod design parameters of yielding load, yielding position and maximum yielding amount can be adjusted at any time and any place, and the method has the characteristic of meeting the design requirements of the surrounding rock yielding anchor rod support of different soft rock tunnels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bolt supporting structure for a large-deformation roadway or tunnel, in particular to a yielding bolt design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock.
Background
In deep-buried roadways and tunnels, weak surrounding rocks often undergo aging and large deformation after excavation. The traditional rigid supporting system (common anchor rod and steel arch) has the problems that the proportion of the supporting system for bearing the released load of the surrounding rock excavation is too large at the initial deformation stage of the surrounding rock, the self-bearing capacity of the rock mass is not fully exerted, and the supporting structure has over-limit yield failure due to the fact that the rigidity of the whole supporting structure is too large. Therefore, for deep-buried roadways and tunnels which are easy to deform greatly, the traditional rigid supporting system is not applicable any more, and a corresponding flexible supporting system is adopted. The supporting structure has small rigidity, can bear part of surrounding rock excavation release load but is not over-limited by the load in the deformation process of the surrounding rock, and plays the roles of providing reliable supporting resistance for rock mass and fully exerting the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock.
The existing common anchor rod has low elongation rate and is not suitable for the condition of large deformation of surrounding rock; the existing yielding anchor rod has fixed yielding load, yielding amount and yielding position during processing and forming, and cannot be freely adjusted on the construction site.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock comprises the following steps:
firstly, manufacturing a yielding component with adjustable yielding load:
the yielding component with the adjustable yielding load comprises a force transmission shaft and a cavity shell, the force transmission shaft comprises a force transmission rod and a piston with a fixedly connected end, the piston is positioned in the cavity of the cavity shell and divides the cavity of the cavity shell into a compression cavity and a backflow cavity, the compression cavity is filled with hydraulic oil, an overflow channel for connecting the compression cavity and the backflow cavity is arranged in the shell wall of the cavity shell, and a pressure limiting valve is arranged at the joint of the overflow channel and the compression cavity; the pressure limiting valve comprises a prestress adjusting bolt, a spring and a marble;
secondly, determining the relation between the yielding load and the regulating quantity of the pressure limiting valve:
firstly, according to the elasticity law, the adjustment amount of the prestress adjusting bolt, namely the adjustment spring deformation amount delta l and the spring internal force F are determined through experiments0Functional relationship of
F0＝f1(Delta l) formula 1
Secondly, it was determined by experiment that a load F acted on the force transmission shaft1When the ball is pressed, the oil pressure P of the hydraulic oil in the compression cavity is corresponding, and the resultant force of the oil pressure P acting on the marble through the overflow inlet and upward along the adjusting spring is F2，F2And F1Functional relationship of
F2＝f2(F1) Formula 2
Finally, by letting the pressure member be in a critical letting state, i.e. when F2＝F0Then, F is derived from the equations 1 and 21Functional relationship with Δ 1
Δl＝f3(F1) Formula 3
When the required yielding load is F1Then, the prestress adjusting bolt adjusting amount Δ 1 can be determined by equation 3;
wherein: f. of1Shows the adjusting quantity delta 1 of the prestressed adjusting bolt and the internal force F of the spring0The functional relationship of (a) is determined through experiments; f. of2Indicating that a load F is acting on the anchor1Resultant force F of hydraulic oil to spring2The functional relationship of (a) is determined through experiments; f. of3Indicating that a load F is acting on the anchor1The function relation between the adjusting quantity delta 1 of the prestress adjusting bolt;
thirdly, when the pressure relief valve is applied to a roadway or a tunnel, according to the designed pressure relief load, the maximum pressure relief amount and the pressure relief position, the threshold value of the pressure limiting valve is adjusted by adjusting a prestress adjusting bolt, the maximum pressure relief amount is adjusted by selecting pressure relief members with different types and sizes or connecting different numbers of pressure relief members in series, the pressure relief position is adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the inner anchor section rod body and the outer anchor section rod body, and the pressure relief members and the anchor rod bodies are assembled after all items are adjusted;
and fourthly, punching holes in the surrounding rock, anchoring the anchor rod into the surrounding rock by using an anchoring agent, installing a limiting supporting plate, and fixing the anchor rod by using a limiting bolt.
Furthermore, each component structure of the yielding component is made of high-strength metal materials.
Furthermore, the dowel bar is subjected to antiseptic treatment.
The anchor rod can generate large deformation in surrounding rock, when the load of the rod body of the anchor rod is increased to the preset yielding load, the yielding component generates constant force sliding, the partial stress strain of the rod body of the anchor rod keeps constant, the whole anchor rod keeps constant force elongation, the yielding load can be adjusted at any time by adjusting the threshold value of the pressure limiting valve, and the position of the yielding component on the rod body of the anchor rod can be adjusted at any time according to actual needs to adjust the lengths of the rod body at the inner anchor section and the rod body at the outer anchor section.
The invention also has the following advantages: the pressure-yielding load can be adjusted by adjusting the threshold value of the pressure-limiting valve at any time and any place, the pressure-yielding position of the anchor rod can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the inner anchor section rod body and the outer anchor section rod body at any time and any place, the maximum pressure-yielding amount of the anchor rod can be freely increased by serially connecting different numbers of pressure-yielding components, and the maximum pressure-yielding amount can be adjusted by adjusting the axial size of a compression cavity of a cavity shell during the design of the pressure-yielding components, so that the pressure-yielding device can adapt to roadway deformation of various degrees. The invention has the advantages of simple manufacture of each component, convenient assembly of the device and little influence on the aperture of the drilled hole compared with the common prestressed anchor rod.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may choose from the various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the invention as a matter of case. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the components of the yielding member in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the cavity housing and the force transmission shaft in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure limiting valve in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the yielding process of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the opened state of the pressure limiting valve in fig. 5, and the direction of the arrow is the flow direction of the hydraulic oil.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of pressure limiting valve let-down load adjustment.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating adjustment of the cavity housing compression chambers to increase the maximum amount of yield.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of series process increasing maximum let-down.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the pressure adjusting position.
In the figure: 1-inner anchor section rod body, 2-pressure yielding member, 3-outer anchor section rod body, 4-connecting bolt, 5-limiting supporting plate, 6-limiting bolt, 21-cavity shell, 22-force transmission shaft, 23-pressure limiting valve, 24-stop valve, 25-hydraulic oil, 2101-shell wall, 2102-force transmission shaft through hole, 2103-through hole sealing ring, 2104-stop valve mounting hole, 2105-pressure limiting valve mounting hole, 2106-overflow inlet, 2107-overflow channel, 2108-overflow outlet, 2109-rod body connecting base, 2110-compression cavity, 2111-reflux cavity 2201-force transmission rod, 2202-piston, 2203-piston sealing ring, 2301-prestress adjusting bolt, 2302-spring, 2303-positioning supporting plate, 2304-supporting plate hole, 2305-marble, 21051-ball seat, 21052-first chamber, 21053-second chamber.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a single embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for designing a yielding anchor rod suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
firstly, manufacturing a yielding component with adjustable yielding load:
the yielding component 2 with the adjustable yielding load consists of a force transmission shaft 22 and a cavity shell 21, wherein the force transmission shaft 22 consists of a force transmission rod 2201 and a piston 2202 with the end head fixedly connected, the piston 2202 is positioned in the cavity of the cavity shell 21 and divides the inner cavity of the cavity shell 21 into a compression cavity 2110 and a return cavity 2111, the compression cavity 2110 is filled with hydraulic oil 25, an overflow channel 2107 for connecting the compression cavity 2110 and the return cavity 2111 is arranged in the shell wall of the cavity shell 21, and a pressure limiting valve 23 is arranged at the connection part of the overflow channel 2107 and the compression cavity 2110; the pressure limiting valve 23 comprises a prestress adjusting bolt 2301, a spring 2302 and a marble 2305;
secondly, determining the relation between the yielding load and the regulating quantity of the pressure limiting valve 23:
first, the amount of deformation Δ l of the adjusting spring 2302 and the spring are determined experimentally according to the law of elasticityInternal force F0Functional relationship of
F0＝f1(Delta l) formula 1
Secondly, it is experimentally determined that a load F acts on the force transmission shaft 221When the pressure P of the hydraulic oil 25 in the compression chamber 2110 is equal to the pressure P of the hydraulic oil, the resultant force of the pressure P acting on the ball 2305 through the overflow port 2106 is F2，F2And F1Functional relationship of
F2＝f2(F1) Formula 2
Finally, by letting the pressure member be in a critical letting state, i.e. when F2＝F0Then, F is derived from the equations 1 and 21Functional relationship with Δ 1
Δl＝f3(F1) Formula 3
When the required yielding load is F1Then, the adjustment amount Δ 1 of the prestress adjusting bolt 2301 can be determined by equation 3;
thirdly, when the pressure limiting valve is applied to a roadway or a tunnel, according to the designed yielding load, the maximum yielding amount and the yielding position, the threshold value of the pressure limiting valve is adjusted by adjusting the prestress adjusting bolt 2301, the maximum yielding amount is adjusted by selecting yielding members 2 with different types and sizes or connecting the yielding members 2 with different numbers in series, the yielding position is adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the inner anchor section rod body 1 and the outer anchor section rod body 3, and the yielding members 2 and the anchor rod bodies are assembled after all items are adjusted;
and fourthly, punching holes in the surrounding rock, anchoring the anchor rod into the surrounding rock by using an anchoring agent, installing a limiting supporting plate 5, and fixing the anchor rod by using a limiting bolt 6.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a yielding bolt with adjustable yielding parameters, which may include: interior anchor section body of rod 1 lets pressure component 2, outer anchor section body of rod 3, connecting bolt 4, spacing layer board 5, spacing bolt 6.
As shown in fig. 3, the pressure relief member 2 is composed of a cavity housing 21, a force transmission shaft 22, a pressure limiting valve 23, a stop valve 24 and hydraulic oil 25.
As shown in fig. 4, the cavity housing 21 is composed of a housing wall 2101, a force transmission shaft through hole 2102, a through hole sealing ring 2103, a stop valve mounting hole 2104, a pressure limiting valve mounting hole 2105, an overflow inlet 2106, an overflow channel 2107, an overflow outlet 2108, a rod body connecting base 2109, a compression chamber 2110, and a return chamber 2111.
The force transmission shaft 22 is composed of a force transmission rod 2201, a piston 2202 and a piston sealing ring 2203.
As shown in fig. 5, the pressure-limiting valve 23 is composed of a prestressed adjusting bolt 2301, a spring 2302, a positioning plate 2303, a plate hole 2304 and a marble 2305.
As shown in fig. 4, an external thread is provided at one end of the inner anchor section rod 1, an external thread is provided at the end of the dowel 2201 and the rod connection base 2109 of the pressure member 2, an external thread is provided at both ends of the outer anchor section rod 3, and an internal thread is provided inside the connection bolt 4.
The inner anchor section rod body 1 is connected with a dowel steel 2201 in the yielding member 2 through a connecting bolt 4, and the outer anchor section rod body 3 is connected with a rod body connecting base 2109 in the yielding member 2 through a connecting bolt 4.
An overflow inlet 2106 is arranged at the upper left corner of the compression cavity 2110, an overflow channel 2107 is arranged in the wall of the shell wall 2101, an overflow outlet 2108 is arranged at the upper right corner of the backflow cavity 2111, and the overflow inlet 2106 and the overflow channel 2107 are respectively communicated with a pressure limiting valve mounting hole 2105 and respectively used as an inlet and a pressure relief opening of the pressure limiting valve 23. The stop valve 24 is fixedly mounted in the stop valve mounting hole 2104, and the pressure limiting valve 23 is mounted in the pressure limiting valve mounting hole 2105.
The piston 2202 is fixedly connected with the force transmission rod 2201, the piston 2202 is arranged in the cavity shell 21 and divides the interior of the cavity shell 21 into a compression cavity 2110 and a return cavity 2111, a piston sealing ring 2203 is arranged on the piston 2202 to prevent hydraulic oil 25 from leaking between the compression cavity 2110 and the return cavity 2111, and the shape of the piston 2202 is set to be T-shaped to avoid blocking an overflow outlet 2108 at the initial position.
The force transmission rod 2201 is passed out of the cavity housing 21 through the force transmission shaft through hole 2102, and the hydraulic oil 25 in the compression chamber 2110 is prevented from leaking by the arrangement of the through hole sealing ring 2103.
As shown in fig. 5, the prestress adjusting bolt 2301 is threaded on the outer surface thereof, and the pressure-limiting valve mounting hole 2105 is threaded on the inner wall thereof, which are mechanically coupled to each other, so that the initial compression load of the spring 2302 can be adjusted by turning the prestress adjusting bolt 2301.
The marble 2302 is fixedly connected with the positioning support plate 2303, so that spring load finally acts on the marble 2302 along the central axis of the pressure limiting valve installation hole 2015, and the marble 2302 only moves up and down along the central axis.
The locating plate 2303 divides the pressure limiting valve mounting hole 2105 into a first cavity 21052 and a second cavity 21053, and a supporting plate hole 2304 is arranged on the locating supporting plate 2303 and used for communicating the first cavity 21052 with the second cavity 21053.
A ball seat 21051 is provided in the pressure-limiting valve mounting hole 2105 and the overflow inlet 2106, and the ball seat 21051 and the marble 2305 can be tightly fitted. The ball seat 21051 design matched with the marble 2305 can increase the contact area of the marble 2305 and the ball seat 21051 when the overflow inlet 2106 is sealed, thereby improving the sealing effect.
The ball 2105 has two working positions, when the resultant force of the oil pressure in the compression chamber 2110 on the ball 2305 is less than the compression load of the spring 2302, the ball 2305 is stationary and in close contact with the ball seat 21051, and is in a first working position (shown in fig. 5), in which the ball 2305 blocks the overflow inlet 2106 from the first chamber 21052; when the resultant force of the oil pressure in chamber 2110 on ball 2305 is greater than the compression load of spring 2302, spring 2302 compresses and ball 2305 disengages from ball seat 21051 and spill inlet 2106 communicates with first chamber 21052 in the second operating position (shown in figure 7).
In order to prevent the protruding part of the dowel 2201 extending out of the cavity housing 21 from being exposed and rusted during yielding, the dowel 2201 needs to be painted and coated with anti-corrosion grease before assembly.
In order to increase the strength of the components, the yielding member 2 meets the strength requirement when being connected with anchor rod bodies with different diameters, and the cavity shell 21, the force transmission shaft 22 and the connecting bolt 4 are made of high-strength metal materials.
The stop valve 24 is opened, and the hydraulic oil is filled in the compression chamber 2110, and then the stop valve 24 is closed.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the anchor rod is subjected to axial tensile load, the force transmission shaft 22 and the cavity housing 21 have a tendency to generate relative displacement, and the axial tensile load is transmitted to the piston 2202 through the force transmission rod 2201 and the cavity housing 21, and the piston 2202 compresses the hydraulic oil 25 in the compression cavity 2110, so that the oil pressure in the compression cavity 2110 is increased.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the oil pressure in the compression chamber 2110 exceeds the load applied to the ball 2305 by the spring 2302 of the pressure limiting valve 23, the ball 2305 moves from the first working position to the second working position, the overflow inlet 2106 is communicated with the first chamber 21052, and the hydraulic oil flows from the compression chamber 2110 to the return chamber 2111 through the overflow inlet 2106, the first chamber 21052, the pallet hole 2304, the second chamber 21053, the overflow channel 2107 and the overflow outlet 2108. As the hydraulic oil in the compression chamber 2110 overflows to the return chamber 2111, the amount of oil in the compression chamber 2110 decreases, the piston 2202 slides in the cavity housing 21, the compression member 2 is extended, and the anchor rod as a whole is compressed.
When the oil pressure in the compression chamber 2110 is smaller than the load applied to the ball 2305 by the spring 2302 on the pressure limiting valve 23, the ball 2305 returns to the first working position (shown in fig. 5) from the second working position (shown in fig. 7), the overflow inlet 2106 is closed, the hydraulic oil 25 in the compression chamber 2110 does not flow out any more, at this time, the piston 2202 stops sliding in the cavity housing 21, the compression member 2 stops extending, and the whole anchor rod stops yielding.
The initial load of the spring 2302 can be adjusted by adjusting the prestress adjusting bolt 2301 to change the threshold value of the pressure limiting valve 23 at any time and any place, and then the yielding load of the yielding anchor rod is changed. As shown in FIG. 8, the adjusting spring 2302 can be loosened or compressed based on the original deformation by turning the pre-stress adjusting bolt 2301, and then the internal force of the adjusting spring 2302 is reduced or increased, and the adjustment amount (deformation of the adjusting spring 2302) delta 1 of the pre-stress adjusting bolt 2301-the internal spring force F0The relationship satisfies the expression 1, and is determined by experiments. Acting on the anchor rod with a load F1When the pressure P in the compression chamber 2110 is equal to the pressure P in the compression chamber, the resultant force of the pressure P acting on the ball 2305 through the overflow port 2106 is F2，F2-F1The relationship satisfies equation 2 and is determined by experiment. When F is present2＝F0When the yielding member is in the critical yielding state, F can be obtained by the deduction of the formula 1 and the formula 21The relation with Δ 1 is as shown in equation 3, that is, the relation between the yielding load of the yielding anchor rod and the adjustment amount Δ 1 of the prestress adjusting bolt 2301. When the required crush load is F1, the adjustment amount Δ 1 of the prestress adjusting bolt 2301 can be determined by equation 3.
F0＝f1(Delta l) formula 1
F2＝f2(F1) Formula 2
Δl＝f3(F1) Formula 3
Wherein: f. of1Shows the adjustment quantity delta l of the prestress adjusting bolt 2301 and the internal force F of the spring0The functional relationship of (a) is determined through experiments; f. of2Indicating that a load F is acting on the anchor1Resultant force F of hydraulic oil 25 to spring 2302 upwards2The functional relationship of (a) is determined through experiments; f. of3Indicating that a load F is acting on the anchor1And the adjustment amount deltal of the prestress adjusting bolt 2301.
The maximum amount of yielding of the yielding bolt can be regulated by increasing the axial length of the compression cavity 2110 of the cavity housing 21. As shown in fig. 9, by increasing the axial length of the compression cavity 2110, the maximum sliding distance of the piston 2202 inside the cavity housing 21 is increased, and then the maximum yielding amount of the yielding anchor rod is increased, which can be prefabricated according to engineering support design.
The maximum yielding amount of the yielding anchor rod can be increased by serially connecting a plurality of yielding members 2 on the yielding anchor rod at any time and any place. As shown in fig. 10, n yielding members 2 are connected in series on one anchor rod, the maximum yielding amount of the whole yielding anchor rod is increased to n1, the anchor rod body can be conveniently and quickly cut off according to actual requirements on a construction site, the yielding members 2 with corresponding quantity are connected in series, and the yielding anchor rod meeting engineering requirements is assembled.
The yielding position of the yielding anchor rod can be adjusted at any time and any place by adjusting the lengths of the inner anchor section rod body 1 and the outer anchor section rod body 3. As shown in fig. 11, by adjusting the lengths of the inner anchor section rod body 1 and the outer anchor section rod body 3, the position of the yielding member 2 on the yielding anchor rod is changed, the yielding position of the yielding anchor rod is changed, the anchor rod body can be cut off in combination with actual requirements on a construction site, the assembly yielding member 2 is assembled, and the yielding anchor rods with different yielding positions are obtained.
The connecting bolt 4 has different specifications and is used for connecting the yielding member 2 with rod bodies with different diameters.
When the invention is applied to a roadway or a tunnel, firstly, according to the designed yielding load, the maximum yielding amount and the yielding position, the threshold value of a pressure limiting valve is adjusted by adjusting a prestress adjusting bolt 2301, the maximum yielding amount is adjusted by selecting yielding members 2 with different types and sizes or connecting different numbers of yielding members 2 in series, the yielding position is adjusted by adjusting the lengths of an inner anchor section rod body 1 and an outer anchor section rod body 3, the yielding members 2 and an anchor rod body are assembled after all the adjustment is finished, then holes are drilled in the surrounding rock, then the anchor rod is anchored in the surrounding rock by using an anchoring agent, then a limiting supporting plate 5 is installed, and finally the anchor rod is fixed by using a limiting bolt 6.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, manufacturing a yielding component with adjustable yielding load:
the pressure yielding component (2) with the adjustable pressure yielding load is composed of a force transmission shaft (22) and a cavity shell (21), the force transmission shaft (22) is composed of a force transmission rod (2201) and a piston (2202) with a fixedly connected end head, the piston (2202) is located in the cavity of the cavity shell (21) and divides the inner cavity of the cavity shell (21) into a compression cavity (2110) and a return cavity (2111), the compression cavity (2110) is filled with hydraulic oil (25), an overflow channel (2107) connected with the compression cavity (2110) and the return cavity (2111) is arranged in the shell wall of the cavity shell (21), and a pressure limiting valve (23) is arranged at the connection part of the overflow channel (2107) and the compression cavity (2110); the pressure limiting valve (23) comprises a prestress adjusting bolt (2301), a spring (2302) and a marble (2305);
secondly, determining the relation between the yielding load and the regulating quantity of the pressure limiting valve (23):
firstly, according to the law of elasticity, the adjustment amount of the prestress adjusting bolt (2301), namely the deformation amount delta 1 of the adjusting spring (2302) and the internal spring force F are determined through experiments0Functional relationship of
F0＝f1(Delta l) formula 1
Secondly, it is determined by tests that a load F acts on the force transmission shaft (22)1When the pressure of the hydraulic oil (25) in the compression chamber (2110) is equal to the pressure P of the hydraulic oil (25), the resultant force of the pressure P acting on the ball (2305) through the overflow port (2106) and moving upward along the adjustment spring (2302) is F2，F2And F1Functional relationship of
F2＝f2(F1) Formula 2
Finally, by letting the pressure member be in a critical letting state, i.e. when F2＝F0Then, F is derived from the equations 1 and 21Functional relationship with Δ 1
Δl＝f3(F1) Formula 3
When the required yielding load is F1Then, the adjustment amount Δ 1 of the prestress adjusting bolt (2301) can be determined by equation 3;
wherein: f. of1Shows the adjustment quantity delta 1 of the prestress adjusting bolt (2301) and the internal force F of the spring0The functional relationship of (a) is determined through experiments; f. of2Indicating that a load F is acting on the anchor1Resultant force F of hydraulic oil (25) to spring (2302) in the upward direction2The functional relationship of (a) is determined through experiments; f. of3Indicating that a load F is acting on the anchor1As a function of the adjusting quantity delta 1 of the prestressed adjusting bolt (2301)A relationship;
thirdly, when the pressure limiting valve is applied to a roadway or a tunnel, according to the designed yielding load, the maximum yielding amount and the yielding position, the threshold value of the pressure limiting valve is adjusted by adjusting a prestress adjusting bolt (2301), the maximum yielding amount is adjusted by selecting yielding members (2) with different types and sizes or connecting different numbers of yielding members (2) in series, the yielding position is adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the inner anchor section rod body (1) and the outer anchor section rod body (3), and the yielding members (2) and the anchor rod body are assembled after all items are adjusted;
and fourthly, punching holes in the surrounding rock, anchoring the anchor rod into the surrounding rock by using an anchoring agent, installing a limiting supporting plate (5), and fixing the anchor rod by using a limiting bolt (6).
2. The yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: each component structure of the yielding component (2) is made of high-strength metal materials.
3. The yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dowel bar (2201) is subjected to antiseptic treatment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911080878.XA CN110761820B (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock |
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| CN201911080878.XA CN110761820B (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Yielding anchor rod design method suitable for large deformation of weak surrounding rock |
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| CN110761820A CN110761820A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
| CN110761820B true CN110761820B (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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| CN111271108B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-07-06 | 防灾科技学院 | Anchor rod cable series-parallel coordination support system capable of realizing load transfer |
| CN113339033B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-05-20 | 南通理工学院 | Recoverable hydraulic pressure of long stroke valve accuse lets pressure stock |
| CN113417682A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-09-21 | 安徽理工大学 | non-Newtonian fluid lets presses and struts stock |
| CN113417681A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-09-21 | 安徽理工大学 | non-Newtonian fluid yielding support anchor rod and use method thereof |
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