CN110760658B - Method for shot peening strengthening of tooth surface of spiral bevel gear - Google Patents
Method for shot peening strengthening of tooth surface of spiral bevel gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN110760658B CN110760658B CN201911206804.6A CN201911206804A CN110760658B CN 110760658 B CN110760658 B CN 110760658B CN 201911206804 A CN201911206804 A CN 201911206804A CN 110760658 B CN110760658 B CN 110760658B
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- bevel gear
- shot
- spiral bevel
- shot blasting
- gear part
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for shot peening strengthening of the tooth surface of a spiral bevel gear, which comprises the following steps: pretreating the spiral bevel gear part to remove surface impurities; simulating a shot blasting experiment by using a test piece to obtain an arc height value of the test piece and determine a shot blasting strength value; protecting a non-shot blasting area of the spiral bevel gear part by using a protection device; carrying out primary shot blasting on the tooth surface of the spiral bevel gear part, wherein the air pressure is 2.5 +/-0.25 Bar during primary shot blasting, carrying out secondary shot blasting on the tooth surface of the spiral bevel gear part, wherein the air pressure is 1.3 +/-0.25 Bar during secondary shot blasting, dismounting the protection device, and cleaning the spiral bevel gear part. The roughness of the tooth surface of the gear wheel meets the requirement after two times of shot blasting treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of surface treatment of gears, in particular to a method for shot peening strengthening of the tooth surface of a spiral bevel gear.
Background
The 18Cr2Ni4WA spiral bevel gear steel has high surface strength and fatigue performance, and needs to be shot-peening strengthened, wherein the shot peening strengthening process is a process of continuously jetting shot flow moving at high speed to the surface of a part to generate extremely strong plastic deformation on the surface layer of the metal to form a thin cold-work hardening layer (the depth of the cold-work hardening layer is about 0.07 mm-0.5 mm) with countless smooth hemispherical pits, namely a surface strengthening layer. After shot peening, the tooth surface roughness of the spiral bevel gear is reduced, and the reduction weakens the beneficial effect of shot peening to a certain extent, so how to fully exert the strengthening factors (optimizing the residual compressive stress and the distributed structure), and effectively avoiding the weakening factors (increasing the roughness and the like) is the key for obtaining the optimal shot peening effect.
The tooth part of the spiral bevel gear of some aviation products is shot blasting strengthened, the shot is required to be cast steel shot, the shot blasting strength is 0.20-0.25A, the coverage rate is 200%, and the tooth surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.4 after shot blasting. The surface roughness value is increased after the shot blasting strengthening by adopting the existing one-time shot blasting method, and the requirement of roughness cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for strengthening the tooth surface shot blasting of the spiral bevel gear with satisfactory tooth surface roughness after shot blasting.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for shot peening strengthening of the tooth surface of a helical bevel gear comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing the spiral bevel gear part to remove surface impurities;
s2, simulating a shot blasting experiment by using a test piece to obtain an arc height value of the test piece and determine a shot blasting strength value;
s3, protecting a non-shot blasting area of the spiral bevel gear part by using a protection device;
s4, carrying out first shot blasting treatment on the tooth surface of the spiral bevel gear part, wherein the air pressure is 2.5 +/-0.25 Bar during the first shot blasting treatment;
s5, carrying out secondary shot blasting treatment on the tooth surface of the spiral bevel gear part, wherein the air pressure is 1.3 +/-0.25 Bar during the secondary shot blasting treatment;
s6, removing the protection device and cleaning spiral bevel gear parts.
As a further improvement to the above technical solution:
the protection device comprises a base, a sleeve, a cover plate and a connecting piece, wherein the base is arranged at the bottom of a gear shaft of the spiral bevel gear part, the sleeve is sleeved outside the gear shaft of the spiral bevel gear part, the cover plate is arranged on the gear end face of the spiral bevel gear part, and the connecting piece penetrates through the middle part of the gear shaft of the spiral bevel gear part from the cover plate, extends to the base, and is fixedly connected with the cover plate and the base.
The shot diameters used in the first shot peening in the step S4 and the second shot peening in the step S5 are 0.4 mm.
In S4, the first shot peening and the second shot peening are performed by a peening machine.
In the step S4, in the first shot blasting, the distance between the helical bevel gear part and the nozzle of the shot blasting machine is 145 to 165mm, the injection angle is 22 ° ± 1 °, and the shot flow rate is 6 ± 0.9 Kg/min.
In the step S4, when the shot blasting is performed for the second time, the distance between the spiral bevel gear part and the nozzle of the shot blasting machine is 125-140 mm, the spraying angle is 22 degrees +/-1 degree, and the shot flow is 4 +/-0.9 Kg/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention analyzes the factors and parameters of the impact of the process parameters of the shot peening strengthening of the spiral bevel gear steel on the surface roughness of shot peening, determines a non-shot-peening area combined type protection device, and performs 2 times of shot peening on the tooth surface of the spiral bevel gear steel part, wherein the first shot peening adopts larger pressure and is mainly used for strengthening; the shot blasting treatment for the second time adopts low pressure, and is used for improving the lamination stress of the outer surface and reducing the surface roughness of shot blasting, so that the aims of reducing the surface roughness of the shot blasting and improving the surface integrity of the gear are fulfilled while the shot blasting strength is ensured, the problem of reducing the roughness after the shot blasting of the spiral bevel gear steel is solved, the surface roughness after the shot blasting meets the requirements, and the surface integrity and the fatigue property of the gear are improved. The method has reasonable process technology, effectively improves the surface integrity of the spiral bevel gear steel after shot peening, and provides technical reference for controlling the roughness of parts with similar structures and materials after shot peening.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the protection device.
Fig. 2 is a shot arc height saturation graph of number a.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the saturation of the shot arc of number B.
Fig. 4 is a shot arc height saturation graph of number C.
FIG. 5 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. a base; 2. a sleeve; 3. a cover plate; 4. a connecting member.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 5, the method for shot peening a tooth surface of a helical bevel gear according to the present embodiment includes the steps of:
(1) a pneumatic numerical control shot blasting machine of MP1000Ti model manufactured by Wheelabrator group Limited of France is adopted, and shot type SAE170 (the diameter of the shot is 0.4mm, the hardness is HRC 45-HRC 52) is selected to carry out shot blasting treatment on the 18Cr2Ni4WA steel spiral bevel gear.
(2) Cleaning and degreasing the parts before shot blasting, removing dirt and oil stains on the surfaces of the parts, wherein the cleaning solution is an organic solvent (a hydrocarbon cleaning agent is adopted in the embodiment, and aviation gasoline is adopted in other embodiments), the treatment temperature is normal temperature, and the degreasing time is 5-10 min (the degreasing time is 8min in the embodiment).
(3) And protecting a non-shot blasting area of the part, protecting the non-shot blasting area of the 18Cr2Ni4WA steel spiral bevel gear by adopting a combined protection device, and protecting the complex surface by adopting an adhesive tape.
As shown in fig. 1, the protection device of this embodiment includes base 1, sleeve 2, apron 3 and connecting piece 4, and base 1 sets up in the gear shaft bottom of spiral bevel gear part, and outside the gear shaft of spiral bevel gear part was located to the sleeve 2 cover, apron 3 lid was located on the gear face of spiral bevel gear part, and connecting piece 4 passed the gear shaft middle part of spiral bevel gear part from apron 3 and extended to on the base 1 and with apron 3 and base 1 connection fixed.
(4) Shot detection is carried out before shot blasting:
a. steel shot specification screening: pumping 100g of the steel shot into a vibrating screen for screening, weighing the weight of the shot remained on each screen after screening, and measuring the percentage of the shot on each screen to determine the specification of the steel shot;
b. shape: and (3) carrying out visual inspection to evaluate the shape of the shot by using a magnifying lens with the magnification of 10-30X according to the area and the number of the field of view shot corresponding to the specification of the shot, confirming that the shape of the shot is intact, and timely removing unqualified shot, wherein otherwise, the edge angle of the deformed shot is easy to cause microcracks on the surface of the sprayed part to cause a fatigue source.
(5) Shot blasting of the test piece: a American imported A-type Almen test piece (19mm multiplied by 76mm multiplied by 1.3mm) is selected, the material of the test piece is SAE1070, the surface hardness of the test piece is HRC 44-HRC 50, test piece tools are designed by simulating spiral bevel gears at different angles, and a series of shot blasting strength tests are carried out by selecting preset air pressure, shot flow, spray gun moving speed, shot blasting time, turntable speed, distance between a nozzle and a part and nozzle angle to obtain optimized process parameters. Table 1 lists the optimized process parameters obtained after A, B, C shots with three different specifications are subjected to a series of shot strength tests to achieve the shot strength of 0.20-0.25A, wherein the type of the shot A is S110H, the type of the shot HRC55-62 is S110H, the type of the shot HRC45-52 is B, and the type of the shot C is S170H and the type of the shot HRC45-52 is C.
Table 1 three different specifications of shot peening strength tests were tested to obtain optimized process parameters.
In this embodiment, the spiral bevel gear part has a requirement on the shot blasting strength, so before formal shot blasting, a test piece is used for a shot blasting experiment to determine process parameters meeting the shot blasting strength requirement.
(6) Shot strength measurement: after 4-7 test pieces are shot-blasted for different time (1T, 2T, 4T and 8T) according to optimized process parameters, an arc height value measuring tool is used for measuring the arc height value of the test pieces, an arc height saturation curve is drawn on the coordinates of the arc height value and the time according to the data of the arc height value changing along with the shot-blasting time, and the obtained saturation point is the shot-blasting strength value. Fig. 2-4 are graphs of arc height saturation, respectively, numbered A, B, C. As can be seen from fig. 2, the root saturation point/camber value is 197V/21.6, the flank saturation point/camber value is 210V/21.2, as can be seen from fig. 3, the root saturation point/camber value is 212V/20.7, the flank saturation point/camber value is 206V/20.6, as can be seen from fig. 4, the root saturation point/camber value is 152V/21.9, and the flank saturation point/camber value is 158V/21.1.
(7) First shot blasting of parts: the air pressure is 2.5 +/-0.25 Bar (2.5 Bar in the embodiment), the shot flow is 6 +/-0.9 Kg/min (6 Kg/min in the embodiment), the moving speed of a spray gun is 260mm/min, a part is placed on a rotary table to rotate along with the rotary table during shot blasting, the rotating speed of the part is 20rpm, the distance between the part and a nozzle is 150mm, the angle of the nozzle is 22 degrees, so that the part reaches a specific shot blasting strength range of 0.20A-0.25A, and the surface layer of the part introduces optimized residual stress; the roughness of the part before the first shot blasting is Ra0.32-0.38 (the roughness of different parts is different), and the roughness of the part after the first shot blasting is Ra0.45-0.58 (the roughness of different parts is different).
(8) And (3) secondary shot blasting of the part: the air pressure is 1.3 +/-0.25 Bar (in the embodiment, 1.3Bar), the shot flow is 4 +/-0.9 Kg/min (in the embodiment, 4Kg/min), the moving speed of the spray gun is 260mm/min, the part is placed on the rotary table to rotate along with the rotary table during shot blasting, the rotating speed of the part is 20rpm, the distance between the part and the nozzle is 130mm, the angle of the nozzle is 22 degrees, and compared with the first shot blasting, the air pressure and shot flow values are reduced during the second shot blasting, and the surface roughness of the part can be effectively reduced. The roughness of the part after the second shot blasting is Ra0.35-0.40 (the roughness of different parts is different).
(9) Part shot blasting coverage inspection: the method comprises the steps of using a 10-20X magnifier (in the embodiment, the 20X magnifier) to inspect the full coverage rate of the shot blasting surface of a part, seeing continuous overlapped bullet mark shapes, enabling the appearance color depth to be consistent with the uniformity of a bullet hole, using a fluorescent tracer liquid to inspect in complex conditions (when the coverage rate is detected difficultly, such as detection of an inner hole, a fillet transition area, a surface with large hardness and the like), brushing and spraying the fluorescent tracer liquid on the surface of the part, removing the fluorescent elastic coating on the surface after coating after the surface is hammered by an enhanced pill, and when the part is inspected in black light, seeing the area which is just the area of actually enhanced coverage rate.
(10) Shot blasting: removing the protective cover, and cleaning the shot on the surface of the part by lightly blowing compressed air or clean cloth;
the final inspection result of the spiral bevel gear of the embodiment is as follows: the shot blasting strength is 0.20-0.25A, the coverage rate is 200%, and the roughness Ra of the tooth surface after shot blasting is less than or equal to 0.4 mm. And (4) conclusion: qualified and meets the product requirements.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for shot peening strengthening of the tooth surface of a helical bevel gear is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing the spiral bevel gear part to remove surface impurities;
s2, simulating a shot blasting experiment by using a test piece to obtain an arc height value of the test piece and determine a shot blasting strength value;
s3, protecting a non-shot blasting area of the spiral bevel gear part by using a protection device;
s4, carrying out first shot blasting on the tooth surface of the spiral bevel gear part by using a shot blasting machine, wherein in the first shot blasting, the air pressure is 2.5 +/-0.25 Bar, the distance between the spiral bevel gear part and a nozzle of the shot blasting machine is 145-165 mm, the spraying angle is 22 +/-1 degrees, and the shot flow is 6 +/-0.9 Kg/min;
s5, carrying out secondary shot blasting on the tooth surface of the spiral bevel gear part by using a shot blasting machine, wherein during the secondary shot blasting, the air pressure is 1.3 +/-0.25 Bar, the distance between the spiral bevel gear part and a nozzle of the shot blasting machine is 125-140 mm, the spraying angle is 22 +/-1 degrees, and the shot flow is 4 +/-0.9 Kg/min;
s6, removing the protection device and cleaning spiral bevel gear parts.
2. The tooth surface shot peening method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the protection device comprises a base (1), a sleeve (2), a cover plate (3) and a connecting piece (4), wherein the base (1) is arranged at the bottom of a gear shaft of the spiral bevel gear part, the sleeve (2) is sleeved outside the gear shaft of the spiral bevel gear part, the cover plate (3) is arranged on the gear end face of the spiral bevel gear part in a covering mode, and the connecting piece (4) extends to the base (1) from the middle of the gear shaft of the cover plate (3) penetrating through the spiral bevel gear part and is fixedly connected with the cover plate (3) and the base (1).
3. The tooth surface shot peening method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shot diameters used in the first shot peening in the step S4 and the second shot peening in the step S5 are 0.4 mm.
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| CN201911206804.6A CN110760658B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Method for shot peening strengthening of tooth surface of spiral bevel gear |
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| CN201911206804.6A CN110760658B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Method for shot peening strengthening of tooth surface of spiral bevel gear |
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| CN110760658A CN110760658A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
| CN110760658B true CN110760658B (en) | 2021-09-17 |
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| CN112084600A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Optimization method for shot blasting process parameters of heavy-load spiral bevel gear under complex working conditions |
| CN112338814B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-06-07 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Composite shot blasting method for turbine disk |
| CN114252354A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-29 | 重庆大学 | Test method for obtaining particle shot blasting harmonic wave flexible gear surface strengthening processing parameters |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0421757A (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1992-01-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | High surface pressure gear |
| CN101358271A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2009-02-04 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Blade root surface strengthening method |
| CN104451079A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-25 | 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Gear surface shot peening finishing method |
| CN105500216A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-20 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Shot peening strengthening technique of middleware of hub of helicopter rotor system |
| CN208867012U (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-05-17 | 安徽星瑞齿轮传动有限公司 | One kind spraying by force surfacecti proteon accessory for axis class |
-
2019
- 2019-11-29 CN CN201911206804.6A patent/CN110760658B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0421757A (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1992-01-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | High surface pressure gear |
| CN101358271A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2009-02-04 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Blade root surface strengthening method |
| CN104451079A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-25 | 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Gear surface shot peening finishing method |
| CN105500216A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-20 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Shot peening strengthening technique of middleware of hub of helicopter rotor system |
| CN208867012U (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-05-17 | 安徽星瑞齿轮传动有限公司 | One kind spraying by force surfacecti proteon accessory for axis class |
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Inventor after: Zhang Yuanyuan Inventor after: Xu Hao Inventor after: Liu Guoliang Inventor after: Xie Huanjun Inventor after: Chen Lihui Inventor after: Sun Ju Inventor before: Zhang Yuanyuan Inventor before: Xu Hao Inventor before: Xie Huanjun Inventor before: Chen Lihui Inventor before: Sun Ju |
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