CN110760642B - Control method of desulfurizer input amount in molten iron desulfurization process - Google Patents
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling the input amount of a desulfurizer in a molten iron desulphurization process, which constructs a nonlinear relation between desulphurization reaction efficiency and molten iron [ S ] content in all desulphurization sections, quantificationally calculates the influence of molten iron temperature on the desulphurization reaction efficiency, and can dynamically calculate the consumption amount of the desulfurizer in real time in the stirring desulphurization production process of any desulphurization starting point and end point. The calculation method does not need to divide calculation groups, is simple and convenient in parameter adjustment and is easy to maintain. The problems that the existing control method cannot flexibly respond to the specific conditions of the current heat, the parameter adjustment is difficult, and the control process is complex are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pretreatment production operation of molten iron in a converter, in particular to a method for controlling the input amount of a desulfurizing agent in a molten iron desulfurization process.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing demands of users on the quality of steel, particularly, high-quality pipeline steel, vessel steel, acid-resistant steel, etc., require that the S content in the steel be less than 0.005%, even less than 0.001%. Therefore, the position of the molten iron desulfurization pre-treatment process in steel smelting is increasingly important. The pre-desulfurization of molten iron plays an important role in improving the quality of steel, optimizing the steel production process, saving energy, reducing consumption and the like, and develops into an indispensable link in ferrous metallurgy.
Among many molten iron pre-desulfurization methods, KR (kambara reactor) mechanical stirring method is widely adopted by domestic and foreign steel mills and obtains good economic benefit because of its advantages of low desulfurization cost, good effect, less splashing, less molten steel resulfurization in the converter after desulfurization, etc., and is increasingly becoming the mainstream molten iron desulfurization method. The desulfurizing agent directly reacts with sulfur in molten iron to produce desulfurized material. Whether the amount of the desulfurization agent added into the molten iron is proper or not directly influences the final desulfurization effect. KR agitated vessel increases slag steel area of contact through stirring kinetic energy, improves desulfurization rate constant, promotes the desulfurization reaction.
KR computer process control mathematical model mainly includes: a desulfurizing agent calculation model, a stirring time calculation model, a temperature drop model, a cost model, a stirring paddle rotating speed model, a liquid level calculation model, a stirring paddle immersion depth model, a desulfurization Pattern and the like. And the desulfurizer calculation model calculates the consumption of lime powder and fluorite required by desulfurization according to the initial [ S ], the target [ S ], the initial temperature, the target temperature, the weight of molten iron and the mixing proportion of the lime fluorite mixed powder.
The current mainstream desulfurizing agent calculation method is to adopt a static grouping table look-up method to divide the initial [ S ] and the target [ S ] into a plurality of sections, combine the sections of the initial [ S ] and the target [ S ] pairwise into a plurality of calculation groups, preset the powder dosage in each group, and obtain the desulfurizing dosage by looking up the table according to the initial [ S ] and the target [ S ] of the current heat during calculation. The calculation method is simple, convenient and efficient for process control, but belongs to a static model, cannot flexibly react to the specific conditions of the current heat, is difficult to adjust parameters, has numerous calculation groups, and each calculation group needs to be independently adjusted and maintained.
In the patent application No.: 201510791844.7[ a method for controlling KR end point sulfur content ], the main invention point is a method for controlling KR end point sulfur content, which belongs to the technical field of automatic control of KR molten iron pre-desulfurization process, and particularly provides a method for controlling KR stirring mode and desulfurizer set value. The method solves the problems of the addition amount of the desulfurizer and the stirring time of the empirical operation in the KR desulfurization process. The technical measures for solving the problems are as follows: a method for controlling KR end point sulfur content is characterized in that after KR desulfurization is started, a desulfurizer cyclic calculation module calculates the optimal desulfurizer addition amount under a certain stirring mode according to the initial sulfur content, target sulfur content requirements and stirring time requirements; and the data communication between the computer system and the primary basic automatic control system is realized to realize the control requirement of the KR terminal sulfur content.
The calculation method of the patent mainly determines the stirring time by referring to the furnace, and then determines the input amount of the desulfurizer according to the stirring time. The method of the patent cannot calculate the desulfurization dose dynamically and in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method for the input amount of a desulfurizing agent in a molten iron desulfurization process, which can dynamically calculate the required desulfurizing agent amount in real time without dividing calculation groups, has simple and convenient parameter adjustment and easy maintenance and is used for solving the problems that the existing control method cannot flexibly respond to the specific conditions of the current heat, the parameter adjustment is difficult and the control process is complex.
In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme of the invention is as follows: a control method of the input amount of a desulfurizer in the molten iron desulphurization process comprises the following steps:
(1) after the ladle is completely charged with iron, calculating the initial temperature and the initial [ S ] content of the molten iron, wherein the target [ S ] content of the molten iron is a set value;
(2) constructing a nonlinear relation model of desulfurization reaction efficiency and [ S ] content in molten iron;
(3) dividing the initial [ S ] content to the target [ S ] content of the molten iron into a plurality of concentration intervals, and calculating the desulfurizer input amount corresponding to the real-time [ S ] content of each concentration interval in the molten iron desulfurization process in real time according to the nonlinear relation model constructed in the step (2);
(4) in the desulfurization process, according to the consumption of the desulfurizing agent and the temperature of the molten iron of the current heat, and according to the step (3), the input amount of the desulfurizing agent is dynamically corrected in real time;
(5) judging whether the current [ S ] content in the molten iron reaches the target [ S ] content or not, and if not, returning to the step (4); if so, desulfurization is completed.
Further, in the step (1), the initial [ S ] content of the molten iron is calculated as follows:
wherein [ S ]]％Calculation ofEstimating [ S ] in the ladle]Content as initial [ S ] of molten iron]Content,%;
ga is the amount of molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car t;
gb is the molten iron amount poured out by the torpedo tank car, t;
the content of [ S ] a% of molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car, and laboratory analysis value;
and (S) b% of the molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car. %, laboratory analytical values.
Further, in the step (1), the estimated initial temperature of the molten iron is as follows:
in the formula, tCalculation of: calculating the initial temperature of molten iron at DEG C;
the temperature measurement result of the torpedo ladle corresponding to the a in the blast furnace iron runner is DEG C;
tb: the temperature measurement result of the torpedo ladle corresponding to the blast furnace iron runner is in DEG C;
ga is the amount of molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car t;
gb is the molten iron amount poured out by the torpedo tank car, t;
δ (t): the upper limit of the correction amount of temperature drop is 210 ℃ and the lower limit thereof is 49 ℃.
Further, in the step (2), the nonlinear relation model of the desulfurization reaction efficiency and the real-time [ S ] content of the molten iron is as follows:
wherein Fcao(s): the unit consumption coefficient of the desulfurizing agent;
s: real-time [ S ] content of molten iron;
α: and (3) curve shape adjustment coefficients of nonlinear relation curves of desulfurization reaction efficiency and real-time [ S ] content of molten iron.
Further, in the step (3), the unit consumption coefficient of the desulfurizer is circularly accumulated by taking 1ppm as a step length from the initial [ S ] content to the target [ S ] content of the molten iron, and the input amount of the desulfurizer corresponding to the real-time [ S ] content of each step length in the desulfurization process is calculated.
Further, in the step (3), a desulfurizer input amount calculation method corresponding to the real-time [ S ] content of each step length is as follows:
CaoW(si+1)＝CaoW(si)+β×HmW×Fcao(si)，i＝0,1,2,.....n-1
wherein: CaoW(s)i+1): the input amount of the desulfurizer in the step i +1 is Kg;
CaoW(si): step i, the input amount of the desulfurizer is Kg;
si+1，si: step i +1 and step i molten iron real-time [ S ]]Content, step size 1ppm, where s0Is an initial [ S ]]，snIs a target [ S]；
Beta: the adjustment coefficient is that beta is more than or equal to 0.005 and less than or equal to 0.02;
HmW: molten iron amount per ton;
Fcao(si): and step i, the unit consumption coefficient of the desulfurizer.
Further, in the step (4), the method for correcting the input amount of the desulfurizing agent comprises the following steps:
in the formula, CaoW': the corrected value of the input amount of the desulfurizer;
CaoW: the input amount of the desulfurizer is Kg;
HmTave: average temperature of molten iron;
HmT: the temperature of the molten iron in the current furnace;
γ: the correction coefficient is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.2.
Furthermore, the upper limit of the desulfurizer input amount corresponding to the real-time [ S ] content of the molten iron is 5500kg, and the lower limit is 600 kg.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: the invention constructs the nonlinear relation between the desulfurization reaction efficiency of all desulfurization sections and the real-time S content in the molten iron, quantificationally calculates the influence of the temperature of the molten iron on the desulfurization reaction efficiency, can dynamically and real-timely calculate the required desulfurization dosage for the stirring desulfurization production process of any desulfurization starting point and end point, does not need to divide calculation groups, has simple and convenient parameter adjustment and is easy to maintain.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the nonlinear relationship between the desulfurization reaction efficiency and the real-time [ S ] content of molten iron according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
The invention constructs the nonlinear relation between the desulfurization reaction efficiency of all desulfurization sections and the content of the molten iron [ S ], quantificationally calculates the influence of the temperature of the molten iron on the desulfurization reaction efficiency, can carry out dynamic and real-time calculation on the consumption of the desulfurizing agent in the stirring desulfurization production process of any desulfurization starting point and end point, and the desulfurizing agent selected by the invention is lime (CAO).
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, calculating the initial temperature and the initial [ S ] content of molten iron:
because the temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the molten iron reaches the desulfurization station, in order to not influence the production rhythm, the initial temperature and the initial [ S ] content of the molten iron are reasonably calculated after the molten iron is completely received by the ladle, and the specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
the temperature of the ladle is measured and sampled in a blast furnace corresponding to the torpedo ladle, the S content in the molten iron is directly analyzed by the torpedo ladle, the calculated S content in the ladle is directly used as the initial S content of the molten iron, and the temperature of the torpedo ladle needs to be subjected to delayed temperature reduction treatment.
Calculation of initial [ S ] content in molten iron:
wherein [ S ]]％Calculation ofEstimating [ S ] in the ladle]Content,%;
ga is the amount of molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car t;
gb is the molten iron amount poured out by the torpedo tank car, t;
the content of [ S ] a% of molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car, and laboratory analysis value;
and (S) b% of the molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car. %, laboratory analytical values.
Calculating the initial temperature of molten iron:
in the formula, ta is the temperature measurement result of the torpedo ladle corresponding to a of the blast furnace iron runner, and is DEG C;
tb: the temperature measurement result of the torpedo ladle corresponding to the blast furnace iron runner is in DEG C;
ga is a molten iron amount poured out by the torpedo tank car t;
gb is the amount of molten iron poured out of the torpedo car t;
δ (t): the temperature drop correction is recommended to be 152 ℃, the upper limit is 210 ℃, and the lower limit is 49 ℃.
The default value of the [ S ] content in the molten iron is 300ppm, the lower limit of the [ S ] content in the molten iron is 30ppm, the upper limit is 2500ppm, the upper limit and the lower limit are respectively selected when the [ S ] content exceeds the upper limit and the lower limit, and the default value is selected when the [ S ] content cannot be detected.
Step 2, constructing a nonlinear relation model of desulfurization reaction efficiency and real-time [ S ] content of molten iron
The desulfurization reaction efficiency is characterized by the unit consumption (unit: Kg/t/0.001% S) of the desulfurizing agent which is 0.001% S removed per ton of molten iron. It can be deduced from the desulfurization performance data regression analysis that under the conditions of the same desulfurization target, initial molten iron temperature, stirring paddle age, stirring paddle rotating speed, stirring paddle immersion depth and stirring time, the unit consumption of the desulfurizing agent (lime) and the content of the molten iron [ S ] are in a nonlinear relation, and the lower the content of [ S ], the higher the unit consumption of the lime and the lower the desulfurization efficiency.
Constructing a nonlinear relation model of desulfurization reaction efficiency and molten iron [ S ]:
wherein Fcao(s): the unit consumption coefficient of the desulfurizer;
s: the real-time [ S ] content of the molten iron is 0.5 to 250, and the unit is 0.001 percent (1S);
α: the curve shape adjustment coefficient of the nonlinear relation curve of the desulfurization reaction efficiency and the real-time [ S ] content of the molten iron is 0.7 at the upper limit and 0.1 at the lower limit, preferably 0.37;
fcao(s) minimum takes 0.05.
Please refer to fig. 2 for a non-linear relationship curve of desulfurization reaction efficiency and real-time [ S ] content of molten iron.
Step 3, dynamic and real-time calculation of the input amount of the desulfurizer
Circularly accumulating lime unit consumption coefficients from the initial [ S ] content of the molten iron to the target [ S ] content by taking 1ppm as a step length, and calculating lime input amount corresponding to the real-time [ S ] content (accurate to 1ppm) of the molten iron in all the step lengths in the desulfurization process:
CaoW(si+1)＝CaoW(si)+β×HmW×Fcao(si)i＝0,1,2,.....n-1
in the formula, CaoW(s)i+1): the input amount of lime in the (i + 1) th step is Kg;
CaoW(si): the input amount of lime in the ith step is Kg;
si+1，si: the (i + 1) th step and the (i) th step molten iron real-time [ S ]]The content, step length is 1ppm,
wherein s is0Is an initial [ S ]]Content, snIs a target [ S]Content (c);
beta: the adjustment coefficient has an upper limit of 0.02 and a lower limit of 0.005, preferably 0.012;
HmW: molten iron amount per ton;
Fcao(si): and (4) lime unit consumption coefficient of the ith step.
The upper limit of the CAO input amount is 5500kg, and the lower limit is 600 kg.
Step 4, correcting the input amount of the desulfurizer
The molten iron temperature and the desulfurization efficiency are in positive correlation, and the molten iron temperature and the desulfurization agent consumption are in negative correlation, namely the molten iron temperature is high, the desulfurization efficiency is high, and the desulfurization agent consumption is reduced. We summarize the quantitative relationship between the consumption of the desulphurizing agent and the temperature of the molten iron for correcting the CAO input:
in the formula, CaoW: the input amount of lime is Kg;
HmTave: the average temperature of molten iron is about 1320 ℃;
HmT: the temperature of the molten iron in the current furnace;
γ: the correction coefficient has an upper limit of 0.2 and a lower limit of 0.02, preferably 0.05.
Step 5, desulfurization treatment
And taking the corrected input amount of the desulfurizer as a set value of the desulfurizer in the molten iron desulphurization process to carry out desulphurization treatment on the molten iron. Judging whether the current [ S ] content in the molten iron reaches the target [ S ] content or not, if not, returning to the step 4 to recalculate the input amount of the desulfurization machine; if so, desulfurization is completed.
In the desulfurization process, a certain amount of slagging agent is generally required to be added for slagging, for example, fluorite (Caf2), and the adding amount of fluorite (Caf2) is calculated as follows:
Caf2W＝a_caf2×CaoW
in the formula, Caf 2W: the input amount of fluorite is Kg;
CaoW: the input amount of lime is Kg;
a _ caf 2: and calculating the input coefficient of fluorite.
The invention constructs the nonlinear relation between the desulfurization reaction efficiency of all desulfurization sections and the real-time S content in the molten iron, quantificationally calculates the influence of the temperature of the molten iron on the desulfurization reaction efficiency, can dynamically and real-timely calculate the required desulfurization dosage for the stirring desulfurization production process of any desulfurization starting point and end point, does not need to divide calculation groups, has simple and convenient parameter adjustment and is easy to maintain.
Claims (7)
1. A control method of the input amount of a desulfurizer in the molten iron stirring desulfurization process is characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps:
(1) after the ladle is completely charged with iron, calculating the initial temperature and the initial [ S ] content of the molten iron, wherein the target [ S ] content of the molten iron is a set value;
(2) constructing a nonlinear relation model of desulfurization reaction efficiency and real-time S content in molten iron;
(3) dividing the initial [ S ] content to the target [ S ] content of the molten iron into a plurality of concentration intervals, and calculating the desulfurizer input amount corresponding to the real-time [ S ] content of each concentration interval in the molten iron desulfurization process in real time according to the nonlinear relation model constructed in the step (2);
(4) in the desulfurization process, according to the consumption of the desulfurizing agent and the temperature of the molten iron of the current heat, and according to the step (3), the input amount of the desulfurizing agent is dynamically corrected in real time;
(5) judging whether the current [ S ] content in the molten iron reaches the target [ S ] content or not, and if not, returning to the step (4); if so, the desulfurization is completed,
in the step (2), the nonlinear relation model of the desulfurization reaction efficiency and the real-time [ S ] content in the molten iron is as follows:
wherein Fcao(s): the unit consumption coefficient of the desulfurizing agent;
s: real-time [ S ] content of molten iron;
α: and (3) curve shape adjustment coefficients of nonlinear relation curves of desulfurization reaction efficiency and real-time [ S ] content of molten iron.
2. The method for controlling the input amount of a desulfurizing agent in the molten iron stirring desulfurization process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the initial [ S ] content of the molten iron is calculated as follows:
in the formula, [ S ]% estimate: the calculated [ S ] content in the ladle is used as the initial [ S ] content of the molten iron,%;
ga: a, the amount of molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car t;
gb: b, the amount of molten iron poured out by the torpedo ladle car t;
[ S ] a%: a, analyzing the S content,%, and laboratory analysis value of molten iron poured out by a torpedo tank car;
[ S ] b%: b, the [ S ] content,%, laboratory analysis value of the molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car.
3. The method for controlling an input amount of a desulfurizing agent during stirring desulfurization of molten iron according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the estimated initial temperature of molten iron is as follows:
in the formula, tCalculation of: calculating the initial temperature of molten iron at DEG C;
ta: the temperature measurement result of the blast furnace iron runner corresponding to the torpedo ladle is in DEG C;
tb: the temperature measurement result of the torpedo ladle corresponding to the blast furnace iron runner is in DEG C;
ga: a, the amount of molten iron poured out by the torpedo tank car t;
gb: b, the amount of molten iron poured out by the torpedo ladle car t;
δ (t): the upper limit of the correction amount of temperature drop is 210 ℃ and the lower limit thereof is 49 ℃.
4. The method for controlling the input amount of the desulfurizing agent during the molten iron stirring desulfurization process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the unit consumption coefficient of the desulfurizing agent is cyclically accumulated by taking 1ppm as a step from the initial [ S ] content of the molten iron to the target [ S ] content, and the input amount of the desulfurizing agent corresponding to the real-time [ S ] content of each step in the desulfurization process is calculated.
5. The method for controlling the input amount of a desulfurizing agent in the molten iron stirring desulfurization process according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the method for calculating the input amount of the desulfurizing agent corresponding to the real-time [ S ] content of each step length comprises the following steps:
CaoW(si+1)＝CaoW(si)+β×HmW×Fcao(si)，i＝0，1，2，.....n-1
wherein: CaoW(s)i+1): the input amount of the desulfurizer in the step i +1 is Kg;
CaoW(si): the input amount of the desulfurizing agent in the step i, unitKg；
si+1，si: step i +1 and step i molten iron real-time [ S ]]Content, step size 1ppm, where s0Is an initial [ S ]]，snIs a target [ S]；
Beta: the adjustment coefficient is that beta is more than or equal to 0.005 and less than or equal to 0.02;
HmW: molten iron amount per ton;
Fcao(si): and step i, the unit consumption coefficient of the desulfurizer.
6. The method for controlling the input amount of a desulfurizing agent in the molten iron stirring desulfurization process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the method for correcting the input amount of the desulfurizing agent comprises:
in the formula, CaoW': the corrected value of the input amount of the desulfurizer;
CaoW: the input amount of the desulfurizer is Kg;
HmTave: average temperature of molten iron;
HmT: the temperature of the molten iron in the current furnace;
γ: the correction coefficient is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.2.
7. The method for controlling the input amount of a desulfurizing agent in the molten iron stirring and desulfurizing process according to claim 5, wherein the upper limit of the input amount of the desulfurizing agent corresponding to the real-time [ S ] content of each step is 5500kg, and the lower limit is 600 kg.
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