CN110759424A - Overflow type oil-liquid separation method - Google Patents

Overflow type oil-liquid separation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110759424A
CN110759424A CN201910903239.2A CN201910903239A CN110759424A CN 110759424 A CN110759424 A CN 110759424A CN 201910903239 A CN201910903239 A CN 201910903239A CN 110759424 A CN110759424 A CN 110759424A
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China
Prior art keywords
liquid
oil
separation
overflow plate
enters
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Inventor
闻路红
谢仪
王明琼
叶汉龙
洪赞旭
蒋邦友
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Science And Technology Ltd Is Expanded On Hangzhou Road
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Science And Technology Ltd Is Expanded On Hangzhou Road
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Priority to CN201910903239.2A priority Critical patent/CN110759424A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/24Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/16Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes

Abstract

The invention provides an overflow oil-liquid separation method, which comprises the following steps: (A1) the waste liquid enters a separation zone in the container from an inlet, the waste liquid sequentially enters between adjacent oil separation plates, and the miscellaneous oil in the waste liquid floats upwards and is gathered on the upper layer of the liquid; (A2) in the separation area, the rising liquid level overflows the first overflow plate, the upper layer of floating oil and part of liquid enter a region enclosed by the first overflow plate and the side wall of the separation area, and the liquid at the lower part of the region is discharged from a third outlet and enters the step (A4); (A3) the liquid level in the region rises, and the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer overflows the second overflow plate, enters the region enclosed by the second overflow plate and the side wall of the separation region, and is discharged to the oil discharge region in the container from the fourth outlet; entering step (A5); (A4) the liquid enters the first bent pipe from the third outlet, bends upwards and enters the liquid discharge area; the liquid in the lower layer in the liquid discharge area is discharged from the first outlet; (A5) the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer in the oil discharge area is discharged from the second outlet. The invention has the advantages of high separation efficiency and the like.

Description

Overflow type oil-liquid separation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to liquid separation, in particular to an overflow oil-liquid separation method.
Background
The cutting fluid is a metal working fluid used for cooling and lubricating metal in cutting, grinding and other processes. They are of various kinds and complicated in composition, and usually contain a base oil, an emulsifier, a rust preventive, and the like. Cutting fluids (mainly water-based cutting fluids) often have problems of miscellaneous oil, particles and the like in use. The miscellaneous oil is mainly brought by a workpiece or leaked from hydraulic oil and guide rail oil of a machine tool. The traditional machine tool is operated by self-carrying oil-water separation, a steel belt oil remover is used for separating oil from used cutting fluid, but the treatment speed is low and the effect is limited, so that a thick oil layer is suspended on the surface of the liquid, and the performance of the cutting fluid is influenced by breeding microorganisms for a long time.
The release agent is an essential auxiliary material in the die-casting production, in the die-casting production process, in order to prolong the service life of a die cavity and enable the die-casting piece to be smoothly demoulded, the surface of the die-casting piece is smooth and clean, the outline is clear and complete, the release agent is required to be sprayed on the die, a large amount of release agent is sprayed on the die in the die-casting production, part of the release agent is evaporated at high temperature and is adsorbed on the die for consumption, and most of the release agent directly flows into the lower part of the die after being used once to become oil-containing waste liquid, and the oil-containing waste liquid is generally collected.
The degreasing process is a basic process of an automobile coating pretreatment process, and after a white automobile body is welded, a lot of dirty oil including cooling oil, stretch-proofing oil, antirust oil and the like exists on the inner surface, the outer surface and the inner cavity of the automobile body. Problems occur in the degreasing process, which can affect the quality of the electrophoretic paint and further affect the adhesive force and corrosion resistance of the paint film. Along with the increasing of the vehicle passing amount on a production line, the oil content of degreasing fluid is increased, an electrophoresis tank which is not cleaned by dirty oil treatment is polluted, and even a coating workshop stops production and stops working, so that the degreasing tank fluid needs to be taken out for oil-water separation operation.
The purification and reuse treatment of the cutting fluid, the release agent and the degreasing agent can save the production and processing cost on one hand, and can reduce the discharge amount of dangerous wastes on the other hand, thereby realizing green and clean production. The main purpose of the purification and reuse treatment is to separate the mixed oil mixed in the oil, and common oil-water separation methods include a physical separation method and a chemical separation method, wherein the physical method is to remove the oil mixed in the water by the density difference or adsorption and filtration of the oil and the water, and the main methods include a heating separation method, a filtration separation method, an air flotation separation method, an ultrafiltration membrane separation method, a reverse osmosis separation method, a coalescence separation method, a centrifugal separation method and the like; the chemical separation method is to realize demulsification through a demulsifier, and the chemical separation method is not generally adopted because the chemical can influence the components of the liquid to be treated and increase the separation difficulty.
The following are currently common separation methods:
the disadvantages of the above separation methods are:
1. the heating separation method adopts steam or a heating device for demulsification, has simple equipment and less investment, but has poor oil removal effect and large energy consumption;
2. the gravity or air flotation separation is based on different oil-water densities or buoyancy, the method is simple, the oil removal effect is stable, but the required time is long;
3. the coalescence separation increases the oil content dispersed in water through the coarse grained material until the buoyancy is larger than the adhesion force to float, the equipment is simple, the investment is low, the service cycle of the coalescence material is long, but the coalescence filler which is not used is selected according to different oil-containing waste liquid, so the adaptability of the method is greatly reduced;
4. by utilizing the selective permeability principle of the hollow fiber membrane, the oil-water separation effect is good, but part of effective components can be removed simultaneously, the cost is high, the investment is large, and the equipment is complex and difficult to operate;
5. the oil in the solution is absorbed by a lipophilic material for filtration and separation, the effluent has good quality, the equipment is miniaturized and is simple to operate, but the equipment investment is high, and the filter bag of the filter material is difficult to regenerate;
6. the centrifugal separation method utilizes centrifugal force generated by rapid rotation to enable water with high density to flow outwards along a circular path, and oil with low density is thrown to an inner ring and gathers into large oil droplets to float and separate, but the daily maintenance is difficult, and the effective components of the liquid to be treated can be damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the overflow type oil-liquid separation method with high separation efficiency.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the overflow type oil-liquid separation method comprises the following steps:
(A1) the waste liquid enters a separation zone in the container from an inlet, the waste liquid sequentially enters between adjacent oil separation plates, and the miscellaneous oil in the waste liquid floats upwards and is gathered on the upper layer of the liquid;
at least two oil separation plates are sequentially arranged in the separation area, and the upper parts of the oil separation plates are provided with inclined parts facing the liquid discharge area;
(A2) in the separation area, the rising liquid level overflows the first overflow plate, the upper layer of floating oil and part of liquid enter a region enclosed by the first overflow plate and the side wall of the separation area, and the liquid at the lower part of the region is discharged from a third outlet and enters the step (A4);
the top end of the first overflow plate is higher than the top end of the inclined part;
(A3) the liquid level in the region rises, and the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer overflows the second overflow plate, enters the region enclosed by the second overflow plate and the side wall of the separation region, and is discharged to the oil discharge region in the container from the fourth outlet; entering step (A5);
the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer in the oil discharge area is discharged from the second outlet;
the top end of the second overflow plate is lower than the top end of the first overflow plate;
(A4) the liquid enters the first bent pipe from the third outlet, bends upwards and enters the liquid discharge area; the liquid in the lower layer in the liquid discharge area is discharged from the first outlet;
the top end height of the first bent pipe is the same as that of the second overflow plate;
(A5) the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer in the oil discharge area is discharged from the second outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the separation efficiency is high;
the air flotation-oil separation plate gathering-overflow-grading treatment technology is comprehensively utilized, so that the oil-liquid separation efficiency is remarkably improved;
firstly, generating 0.5-2mm bubbles in a separation zone by using an aeration unit, and floating the miscellaneous oil in the waste liquid to the liquid surface by virtue of the bubbles to form an miscellaneous oil layer;
the separation area is divided into blocks by at least two oil separation plates, and the oil and liquid of the waste liquid are separated and divided into blocks; the design of the inclined part accelerates the accumulation of the miscellaneous oil;
in addition, the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate are designed to realize the overflow of the impurity oil layer on the surface of the waste liquid; due to the design of the bulges, the miscellaneous oil has an upward oblique speed, so that the miscellaneous oil enters the area surrounded by the second overflow plate in a parabola shape and enters the oil discharge area; the sawtooth-shaped design at the top end of the second overflow plate further improves the proportion of miscellaneous oil in the liquid entering the area surrounded by the second overflow plate;
furthermore, part of the liquid entering the oil discharge area is gathered at the lower part and enters the liquid discharge area through the second bent pipe, and the second bent pipe and the second outlet are designed in height, so that the second outlet is ensured to discharge the miscellaneous oil basically; the liquid between the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate enters the liquid discharge area through the first bending pipe, and the height design of the first bending pipe and the second overflow plate ensures that the liquid entering the liquid discharge area is basically liquid instead of miscellaneous oil
In addition, the design of the inner diameter of the bent pipe, the inner diameter of the inlet and the inner diameter of the first outlet ensures the separation and timely discharge of waste liquid in the container, thereby ensuring the oil-liquid separation efficiency;
drawings
The disclosure of the present invention will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. As is readily understood by those skilled in the art: these drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the figure:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a flooded oil separation process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 and the following description depict alternative embodiments of the invention to teach those skilled in the art how to make and reproduce the invention. Some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted for the purpose of teaching the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that variations or substitutions from these embodiments will be within the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described below can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the following alternative embodiments, but is only limited by the claims and their equivalents.
Example 1:
fig. 1 is a flow chart schematically illustrating a flooded oil-liquid separation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the flooded oil-liquid separation method includes:
(A1) the waste liquid enters a separation zone in the container from an inlet, the waste liquid sequentially enters between adjacent oil separation plates, and the miscellaneous oil in the waste liquid floats upwards and is gathered on the upper layer of the liquid;
the separator divides the interior of the container into a separation area, a liquid discharge area and an oil discharge area; at least two oil separation plates are sequentially arranged in the separation area, and the upper parts of the oil separation plates are provided with inclined parts facing the liquid discharge area;
(A2) in the separation area, the rising liquid level overflows the first overflow plate, the upper layer of floating oil and part of liquid enter a region enclosed by the first overflow plate and the side wall of the separation area, and the liquid at the lower part of the region is discharged from a third outlet and enters the step (A3) and the step (A4);
the top end of the first overflow plate is higher than the top end of the inclined part, and the first overflow plate is positioned between the oil separation plate and the liquid discharge area;
(A3) the liquid level in the region rises, and the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer overflows the second overflow plate, enters the region enclosed by the second overflow plate and the side wall of the separation region, and is discharged to the oil discharge region in the container from the fourth outlet; entering step (A5);
the second overflow plate is arranged in an area enclosed by the first overflow plate and the side wall of the separation area, and the top end of the second overflow plate is lower than the top end of the first overflow plate; the third outlet is positioned lower than the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate; the position of the fourth outlet is lower than the second overflow plate;
(A4) the liquid enters the first bent pipe from the third outlet, bends upwards and enters the liquid discharge area; the liquid in the lower layer in the liquid discharge area is discharged from the first outlet;
the top end height of the first bent pipe is the same as that of the second overflow plate;
(A5) the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer in the oil discharge area is discharged from the second outlet.
In order to discharge the liquid accumulated in the lower part of the oil discharge area and ensure that the liquid is not discharged from the second outlet, further, in the step (A5), the liquid at the lower layer of the oil discharge area enters the second bending pipe, bends upwards and enters the liquid discharge area; the top end of the second bending pipe is positioned at the same position as the bottom of the second outlet.
In order to improve the oil-liquid separation efficiency, a strip-shaped bulge is arranged on one side of the first overflow plate facing the second overflow plate, so that the miscellaneous oil which flows downwards along the first overflow plate in an inclined mode obtains an upward speed after being blocked by the bulge, and flies into the area enclosed by the second overflow plate along a parabola.
In order to improve the oil-liquid separation efficiency, furthermore, the mode that the waste liquid enters the separation zone from the inlet is as follows:
the waste liquid enters from the input end of the liquid conveying pipe and is divided into two paths, and then the waste liquid is respectively output from the first output end and the second output end so as to enter the separation area; the central axis of first output and second output with the contained angle between the part of the non-slope portion of oil removal board is zero or acute angle for the waste liquid that gets into the separation zone is not direct impact oil removal board.
In order to improve the oil-liquid separation efficiency, an aeration unit is further arranged in the separation area and is positioned at the lower part of the oil separation plate.
In order to maintain the oil-liquid separation continuously, the first bending pipe is arranged inDiameter R1>R0The inner diameter R of the second bending pipe2<R0Inner diameter R of said first outlet3=R0,R0Is the inner diameter of the inlet.
Example 2:
the overflow oil-liquid separation method according to the embodiment of the invention is applied to oil-water separation in the treatment of cutting fluid, release agent and degreasing tank liquor.
In the application example, the separator divides the container into a separation area, a liquid discharge area and an oil discharge area, wherein the liquid discharge area and the oil discharge area are arranged in front of and behind and are positioned on the right side of the separation area; the included angle between the inclined part of the oil baffle plate and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees; the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate are inclined from top to bottom towards the side wall of the separation area, an included angle between the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate and a horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees, and the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate are arranged in parallel; one side of the first overflow plate facing the second overflow plate is provided with a strip-shaped bulge extending along the horizontal direction; the top end of the second overflow plate is serrated; the infusion tube is T-shaped, two output ends are arranged in the separation area, and the central axis is parallel to the oil separation plate; the two aeration pipes are arranged at the bottom of the separation area, and the projections of the liquid conveying pipe in the separation area on the horizontal plane are positioned between the projections of the two aeration pipes on the horizontal plane and are not overlapped; the second bending pipe is communicated with the liquid discharge area and the oil discharge area, one end of the second bending pipe, which is positioned in the liquid discharge area, is bent upwards, and the top end position of the second bending pipe is the same as the bottom of the second outlet; inner diameter R of first bending pipe1>R0The inner diameter R of the second bending pipe2<R0Inner diameter R of the first outlet3=R0,R0Is the inner diameter of the inlet.
The overflow type oil-liquid separation method of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes the following steps:
(A1) the waste liquid enters a separation area in the container from an inlet, and the aeration unit generates 0.5-2mm of bubbles in the separation area;
the miscellaneous oil in the waste liquid floats to the liquid surface by virtue of bubbles, so that an miscellaneous oil layer is formed; the waste liquid sequentially enters between the adjacent oil separation plates, and the miscellaneous oil in the waste liquid floats upwards and is gathered on the upper layer of the liquid;
at least two oil separation plates are sequentially arranged in the separation area, the upper parts of the oil separation plates are provided with inclined parts facing the liquid discharge area, and the accumulation of the miscellaneous oil is accelerated due to the design of the inclined parts;
(A2) in the separation area, the rising liquid level overflows the first overflow plate, the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer is accelerated downwards along the inclined first overflow plate, and after encountering the strip-shaped bulges, the miscellaneous oil obtains an initial upward oblique speed and flies into the area enclosed by the second overflow plate along the parabola;
the upper layer of floating oil and part of liquid enter an area enclosed by the first overflow plate and the side wall of the separation area, and the liquid at the lower part of the area is discharged from a third outlet and enters the step (A3) and the step (A4);
the top end of the first overflow plate is higher than the top end of the inclined part, and the first overflow plate is positioned between the oil separation plate and the liquid discharge area;
(A3) the liquid level in the area rises, and the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer overflows the second zigzag overflow plate, enters an area formed by the second overflow plate and the side wall of the separation area, and is discharged to an oil discharge area in the container from a fourth outlet; entering step (A5);
the second overflow plate is arranged in an area enclosed by the first overflow plate and the side wall of the separation area, and the top end of the second overflow plate is lower than the top end of the first overflow plate; the third outlet is positioned lower than the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate; the position of the fourth outlet is lower than the second overflow plate;
(A4) the liquid enters the first bent pipe from the third outlet, bends upwards and enters the liquid discharge area; the liquid in the lower layer in the liquid discharge area is discharged from the first outlet;
the top end height of the first bent pipe is the same as that of the second overflow plate;
(A5) the miscellaneous oil and a small amount of waste liquid are accumulated in the oil discharge area, and the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer is discharged through a second outlet;
the liquid in the lower layer enters the second bending pipe and is bent upwards, so that the liquid enters the liquid discharge area;
the top end of the second bending pipe is positioned at the same position as the bottom of the second outlet.
The benefits achieved according to the application example of the invention are: the air flotation-oil separation plate gathering-overflow-grading treatment technology is comprehensively utilized, and the oil-liquid separation efficiency is obviously improved.

Claims (10)

1. The overflow type oil-liquid separation method comprises the following steps:
(A1) the waste liquid enters a separation zone in the container from an inlet, the waste liquid sequentially enters between adjacent oil separation plates, and the miscellaneous oil in the waste liquid floats upwards and is gathered on the upper layer of the liquid;
at least two oil separation plates are sequentially arranged in the separation area, and the upper parts of the oil separation plates are provided with inclined parts facing the liquid discharge area;
(A2) in the separation area, the rising liquid level overflows the first overflow plate, the upper layer of floating oil and part of liquid enter a region enclosed by the first overflow plate and the side wall of the separation area, and the liquid at the lower part of the region is discharged from a third outlet and enters the step (A3) and the step (A4);
the top end of the first overflow plate is higher than the top end of the inclined part;
(A3) the liquid level in the region rises, and the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer overflows the second overflow plate, enters the region enclosed by the second overflow plate and the side wall of the separation region, and is discharged to the oil discharge region in the container from the fourth outlet; entering step (A5);
the top end of the second overflow plate is lower than the top end of the first overflow plate;
(A4) the liquid enters the first bent pipe from the third outlet, bends upwards and enters the liquid discharge area; the liquid in the lower layer in the liquid discharge area is discharged from the first outlet;
the top end height of the first bent pipe is the same as that of the second overflow plate;
(A5) the miscellaneous oil on the upper layer in the oil discharge area is discharged from the second outlet.
2. The flooded oil-liquid separation method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (a5), the liquid at the lower layer of the oil discharge area enters the second bending pipe, bends upwards and enters the liquid discharge area; the top end of the second bending pipe is positioned at the same position as the bottom of the second outlet.
3. The flooded oil-liquid separation method according to claim 1, wherein: the side of the first overflow plate facing the second overflow plate is provided with a strip-shaped bulge.
4. The flooded oil-liquid separation method according to claim 1, wherein: the first overflow plate and/or the second overflow plate are arranged obliquely.
5. The flooded oil-liquid separation method according to claim 4, wherein: the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate are arranged in parallel.
6. The flooded oil-liquid separation method according to claim 4, wherein: the top end of the second overflow plate is serrated.
7. The flooded oil-liquid separation method according to claim 1, wherein: in step (a1), the waste liquid enters from the inlet in the following manner:
the waste liquid enters from the input end of the liquid conveying pipe and is divided into two paths, and then the waste liquid is respectively output from the first output end and the second output end.
8. The flooded oil-liquid separation method according to claim 7, wherein: and the included angle between the central axes of the first output end and the second output end and the part of the oil separation plate, which is not the inclined part, is zero or an acute angle.
9. The flooded oil-liquid separation method according to claim 1, wherein: in the separation area, an aeration unit is arranged at the lower part of the oil separation plate.
10. The flooded oil-liquid separation method according to claim 1, wherein: the first bending pipe is arranged insideDiameter R1>R0The inner diameter R of the second bending pipe2<R0Inner diameter R of said first outlet3=R0,R0Is the inner diameter of the inlet.
CN201910903239.2A 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Overflow type oil-liquid separation method Pending CN110759424A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004060814A1 (en) * 2003-01-03 2004-07-22 Resourse Plus Ltd Apparatus for preliminary separation of oil from water
CN202654756U (en) * 2012-06-15 2013-01-09 高博 Oil-water separator
CN105060397A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-11-18 安徽星元环保科技有限公司 Oil separator with multistage filtration separation function
CN207031098U (en) * 2017-04-01 2018-02-23 信丰县包钢新利稀土有限责任公司 A kind of waste water oil partition tank
CN208212653U (en) * 2018-04-23 2018-12-11 河南欣蓝环境工程有限公司 A kind of oil separator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004060814A1 (en) * 2003-01-03 2004-07-22 Resourse Plus Ltd Apparatus for preliminary separation of oil from water
CN202654756U (en) * 2012-06-15 2013-01-09 高博 Oil-water separator
CN105060397A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-11-18 安徽星元环保科技有限公司 Oil separator with multistage filtration separation function
CN207031098U (en) * 2017-04-01 2018-02-23 信丰县包钢新利稀土有限责任公司 A kind of waste water oil partition tank
CN208212653U (en) * 2018-04-23 2018-12-11 河南欣蓝环境工程有限公司 A kind of oil separator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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