CN110756981A - Diffusion welding forming equipment and diffusion welding method for large-size inner cavity structural part - Google Patents
Diffusion welding forming equipment and diffusion welding method for large-size inner cavity structural part Download PDFInfo
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- CN110756981A CN110756981A CN201911083125.4A CN201911083125A CN110756981A CN 110756981 A CN110756981 A CN 110756981A CN 201911083125 A CN201911083125 A CN 201911083125A CN 110756981 A CN110756981 A CN 110756981A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
- B23K20/026—Thermo-compression bonding with diffusion of soldering material
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Abstract
A diffusion welding forming device and a diffusion welding method for large-size inner cavity structural parts relate to the field of welding equipment. The diffusion welding forming equipment comprises a vacuum heating chamber, a pressurizing assembly and a controller, wherein the pressurizing assembly comprises a pressurizing cylinder, an axial elastic telescopic piece, a displacement sensor and a pressure rod, and the displacement sensor is used for obtaining axial displacement data of the axial elastic telescopic piece. The pressurizing cylinder is used for selectively abutting against the first end of the pressing rod so as to apply welding pressure to the pressing rod, the first end of the pressing cylinder is provided with a pressure sensor used for obtaining pressure data applied by the pressurizing shaft, the second end of the pressing rod penetrates through the shell in a sliding mode and is located in the vacuum heating chamber, and the axial elastic telescopic piece is sleeved on the circumferential direction of the pressing rod and connected with the top wall and the first end of the vacuum heating chamber at the two ends of the pressing rod respectively. The controller is electrically connected with the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor and the pressurizing cylinder respectively, the structure is simple, real-time displacement data and real-time pressure data can be obtained, and the controller is used for adjusting the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of welding equipment, in particular to diffusion welding forming equipment and a diffusion welding method for a large-size inner cavity structural part.
Background
Diffusion welding is a welding method in which the surfaces of parts to be welded are mutually attached, the parts are heated to a certain temperature under the condition of vacuum or atmosphere, a certain pressure is applied, and interface atoms are diffused into bonds to form metallurgical bonding.
In the prior art, a diffusion welding process is realized by using diffusion welding equipment. And (3) after the treated part to be welded is placed into a furnace body, under the condition of vacuum or protective atmosphere, heating, preserving heat (pressurizing) and cooling, so that the diffusion welding process of the part to be welded is completed. As a final state forming mode of diffusion welding of an inner cavity structural member, due to the requirement of the dimensional precision of the inner cavity, the precise control of the temperature and the pressure of a part to be welded in the diffusion welding process is very important under the thermal coupling effect of heating and pressurizing.
The existing diffusion welding equipment cannot accurately reflect the real-time deformation response of a part to be welded.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides diffusion welding forming equipment and a diffusion welding method for a large-size inner cavity structural part, and aims to solve the problems.
The diffusion welding forming equipment facing the large-size inner cavity structural part comprises a vacuum heating chamber defined by a shell, a pressurizing assembly and a controller.
The pressurizing assembly comprises a pressurizing cylinder, an axial elastic expansion piece, a displacement sensor and a pressure rod, wherein the displacement sensor is used for obtaining axial displacement data of the axial elastic expansion piece.
Wherein, pressurized cylinder has the telescopic pressurization axle, and the first end of pressurization axle and depression bar is optionally contradicted in order to exert the welding pressure along the axial direction of depression bar to the depression bar, and first end is equipped with the pressure sensor who is used for obtaining the pressure data that the pressurization axle was exerted, and the second end of depression bar slides and wears to locate the casing and be located the vacuum heating chamber, and the circumference of depression bar is located to the flexible cover of axial elasticity, and the both ends of the flexible piece of axial elasticity are connected with roof, the first end of vacuum heating chamber respectively.
The displacement sensor is connected with the controller and used for feeding back the obtained axial displacement data to the controller, the pressure sensor is connected with the controller and used for feeding back the obtained pressure data to the controller, and the controller is connected with the pressurizing cylinder and used for adjusting the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder according to the axial displacement data and the pressure data.
According to the diffusion welding forming equipment facing the large-size inner cavity structural part, which is disclosed by the embodiment of the application, the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged, the axial displacement data of the axial elastic extensible part of the part to be welded in the welding process can be obtained (in the actual pressure applying process, no axial displacement is generated among other components, and the axial displacement of the axial elastic extensible part is also the axial deformation data of the component to be welded at the moment), and the pressure data provided by the pressurizing shaft can be used for adjusting the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder in real time through the controller according to the deformation data and the pressure data, accurately reflecting the real-time deformation of the part to be welded, realizing real-time response and adjusting the welding pressure.
In addition, the diffusion welding forming equipment facing the large-size inner cavity structural part according to the embodiment of the application also has the following additional technical characteristics:
in combination with the first aspect, the present application illustrates some embodiments in which the displacement sensor includes an interconnected body fixed to the first end and a retractable measuring head extending axially of the plunger and away from the first end.
The roof of vacuum heating chamber is equipped with support piece to make axial elasticity extensible member when natural state, the telescopic measuring head closely supports and leans on in support piece production compression deformation, and axial elasticity extensible member is when compressed and recovery deformation, and displacement sensor's numerical value changes in displacement sensor's range.
It should be noted that each displacement sensor corresponds to a displacement data display for displaying specific data of displacement, so that axial deformation data generated by thermal expansion of a part to be welded in the welding process or axial compression deformation data under the action of pressure can be completely displayed without exceeding the measuring range of the displacement data display corresponding to the displacement sensor. Therefore, the arrangement of the supporting piece is adopted, and the numerical value change of the displacement sensor is ensured to be within the measuring range of the displacement sensor when the axial elastic telescopic piece moves in a telescopic mode. That is, when the axial elastic expansion piece is in a natural state, the telescopic measuring head is tightly abutted against the supporting piece to generate deformation, the value at the moment is used as a test starting point, when the axial elastic expansion piece is in a working state (expansion), the value change of the displacement sensor is in the measuring range of the displacement sensor, and the difference value between the value and the test starting point is used as specific displacement data.
Optionally, the support is vertically adjustable in height.
By adjusting the height, the height difference between the displacement sensor and the axial elastic expansion pieces with different lengths is complemented, so that the application range of the displacement sensor is wider.
In connection with the first aspect, the present application illustrates some embodiments wherein the support member is threadably connected to a top wall of the vacuum heating chamber. The distance between the bearing surface and the telescopic measuring head is adjusted by a threaded connection setting mode.
In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the diffusion welding forming equipment facing the large-sized inner cavity structural member further includes a precision pressure regulating valve, the pressurizing cylinder is connected with the controller through the precision pressure regulating valve, and the controller is used for regulating the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder according to the axial displacement data and the pressure data through the precision pressure regulating valve.
In combination with the first aspect, the present application illustrates some embodiments, a heating element and a temperature measuring unit are disposed in the vacuum heating chamber, the temperature measuring unit is connected to the controller and configured to feed back the obtained temperature data to the controller, the heating element is connected to the controller, and the controller is configured to adjust a heating temperature of the heating element according to the obtained temperature data.
Because in the actual use, the temperature also has important influence to vacuum diffusion welding, consequently adopt the setting of temperature measurement spare, obtain the actual temperature in the vacuum heating chamber, can carry out the regulation of temperature according to the demand to realize the control of temperature.
In some embodiments, the diffusion welding forming equipment for large-size inner cavity structural members further comprises a display screen connected with the controller for receiving and displaying the axial displacement data and the pressure data in real time. The display screen is arranged, so that the change of data can be more intuitively reflected.
Further, the display screen is connected with the temperature measuring piece and used for receiving and displaying real-time temperature data.
According to the second aspect of the application, the diffusion welding method of the diffusion welding forming equipment facing the large-size inner cavity structural part according to the first aspect of the application comprises the following steps:
and fixing the part to be welded in the vacuum heating chamber.
The controller controls the pressurizing cylinder to apply welding pressure, the pressure rod is abutted against and tightly presses the part to be welded, the axial elastic expansion piece generates axial displacement, the displacement sensor feeds back the axial displacement data of the axial elastic expansion piece to the controller, the pressure sensor feeds back the pressure data provided by the pressurizing shaft to the controller, and the controller adjusts the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder according to the axial displacement data and the pressure data.
According to the diffusion welding method, the diffusion welding forming equipment facing the large-size inner cavity structural part is simple in structure, real-time displacement data and real-time pressure data can be obtained, and the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder is adjusted in real time through the controller.
In combination with the second aspect, the present application illustrates some embodiments in which the pressurization cylinder is connected to the controller via a precision pressure regulating valve, and the controller regulates the welding pressure applied by the pressurization cylinder via the precision pressure regulating valve based on the axial displacement data and the pressure data.
In combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments shown in the present application, a heating element and a temperature measuring unit are disposed in the vacuum heating chamber, the temperature measuring unit is connected to the controller and feeds back the obtained temperature data to the controller, the heating element is connected to the controller, and the controller adjusts the heating temperature of the heating element according to the obtained temperature data.
Through the setting, realize obtaining the temperature in the vacuum heating chamber through temperature measurement spare, the temperature in the vacuum heating chamber is influenced through the work of heater to the controller simultaneously, pressure sensor and displacement sensor obtain actually treat the pressure that the part received and treat the displacement of welding the part, the welding pressure that the pressurized cylinder was applyed is further adjusted through above-mentioned data to the controller simultaneously, further influence the pressure that actually receives and treat the displacement of welding the part, the real-time deformation response of the part is treated in final accurate reflection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffusion welding forming device facing a large-size inner cavity structural member according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 1 at II.
Icon: 10-diffusion welding forming equipment facing to a large-size inner cavity structural part; 100-a vacuum heating chamber; 101-a housing; 103-a heating element; 105-lower ram; 106-support; 110-a controller; 120-a pressurized cylinder; 121-a pressurized shaft; 123-precision pressure regulating valve; 130-axially resilient telescoping members; 131-a mounting portion; 133-a displacement sensor; 1331-ontology; 1333-a retractable measuring head; 135-a pressure sensor; 136-a lower flange; 137-installation gap; 140-a screw; 141-a first nut; 143-a second nut; 150-a pressure bar; 151-upper ram; 153-upper flange; 154-a support bar; 160-display screen; 170-parts to be welded.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a diffusion welding forming apparatus 10 facing a large-sized inner cavity structure according to an embodiment of the present application includes a vacuum heating chamber 100 defined by a housing 101, a controller 110, and a pressurizing assembly.
Wherein, a heating element 103 is disposed in the vacuum heating chamber 100 for heating the vacuum heating chamber 100, and the vacuum heating chamber 100 is connected to a pumping port (not shown) of a vacuum pump through a vacuum pumping valve, wherein, the heating element 103 is, for example, a heating wire, etc., and the specific arrangement of the vacuum heating chamber 100 can refer to the prior art.
In this embodiment, the vacuum heating chamber 100 is a large-sized vacuum heating chamber 100, that is, the temperature equalizing area is 600 × 600 × 900mm3The temperature equalizing area of the vacuum heating chamber 100 is large, and is suitable for welding large-size parts to be welded 170, where the large-size parts to be welded 170 are also large-size inner cavity structural members.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, because the vacuum heating chamber 100 is a large-sized vacuum heating chamber 100, and the thermal coupling effect of heating and pressurizing makes the temperature distribution and temperature uniformity of the parts 170 to be welded during diffusion welding especially important, in order to ensure the temperature distribution and temperature uniformity during diffusion welding, in this embodiment, a reverse design of the heater layout is adopted, that is, the temperature field distribution condition of the parts 170 to be welded is obtained according to finite element simulation software, and then the layout form of the uniform-temperature-field layout is designed according to the temperature field distribution condition, so that the temperature uniformity of each region of the workpiece in the heat-preservation stage is ensured to be ± 7 ℃ under the full-furnace loading condition, and the temperature uniformity of the empty furnace is ensured to be ± 3 ℃.
Wherein, the bottom wall of the vacuum heating chamber 100 can be provided with a lower pressing head 105 protruding from the bottom wall of the vacuum heating chamber 100, the lower pressing head 105 is located in the vacuum heating chamber 100 and is used for carrying and fixing the part 170 to be welded, and the pressing rod 150 is ensured to be matched with the lower pressing head 105 to fix the part 170 to be welded. The parts to be welded 170 include an upper part to be welded and a lower part to be welded, which are stacked, wherein the lower part to be welded is in contact with the lower ram 105, and the upper part to be welded is in contact with the press rod 150.
Further, since the temperature has an important influence on the vacuum diffusion welding during the actual use, the diffusion welding forming equipment 10 facing the large-sized inner cavity structure further includes a temperature measuring unit (not shown) for measuring the temperature inside the vacuum heating chamber 100, and the temperature measuring unit is connected to the controller 110, and the temperature data inside the vacuum heating chamber 100 is obtained by using the arrangement of the temperature measuring unit. Meanwhile, the controller 110 is connected with the heating element 103, and the controller 110 is used for adjusting the heating temperature of the heating element 103 according to the obtained temperature data, namely, the temperature can be adjusted in real time through the matching of the temperature measuring part, the controller 110 and the heating element 103, so that the temperature stability in the welding process is ensured, and the welding stability is ensured.
Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 1, the pressurizing assembly includes a pressurizing cylinder 120, an axial elastic expansion member 130, a displacement sensor 133 for acquiring axial displacement data of the axial elastic expansion member 130, and a pressure rod 150.
The pressurizing cylinder 120 has a retractable pressurizing shaft 121. Wherein, one end of the pressurizing shaft 121 far away from the pressurizing cylinder 120 is provided with a boss, and the cross section area of the boss is larger than that of the pressurizing shaft 121, so that the uniformity of the pressure applied to the pressure lever 150 is ensured in the subsequent pressurizing process. The pressurizing cylinder 120 is a hydraulic pressurizing cylinder 120, which can be purchased from the market directly, and will not be described in detail herein.
The pressurizing shaft 121 and the first end of the pressing rod 150 can selectively abut against each other to apply a welding pressure to the pressing rod 150 along the axial direction of the pressing rod 150. That is, the boss and the plunger 150 are left empty when no pressure is applied, and if not pressurized during the temperature rise, the boss and the plunger 150 are not in contact, that is, the pressure application is not realized. If it is desired to apply welding pressure, the pressure cylinder 120 applies pressure to the strut 150 after the boss and strut 150 are in contact (i.e., the boss and strut 150 are in contact during the welding pressure).
In order to obtain specific pressure data of the applied welding pressure, a pressure sensor 135 for obtaining the pressure data applied by the pressurizing shaft 121 is disposed at a first end of the pressing rod 150, a second end of the pressing rod 150 is slidably disposed through the housing 101 and located in the vacuum heating chamber 100, the axial elastic expansion member 130 is sleeved around the pressing rod 150, and two ends of the axial elastic expansion member 130 are respectively connected to a top wall and a first end of the vacuum heating chamber 100.
The displacement sensor 133 is connected with the controller 110 for feeding back the obtained axial displacement data to the controller 110, the pressure sensor 135 is connected with the controller 110 for feeding back the obtained pressure data to the controller 110, and the controller 110 is connected with the pressure cylinder 120 for adjusting the welding pressure applied by the pressure cylinder 120 according to the axial displacement data and the pressure data.
According to the diffusion welding forming device 10 facing the large-size inner cavity structural member of the embodiment of the application, the displacement sensor 133 and the pressure sensor 135 are provided, so that axial deformation data of the to-be-welded part 170 in a welding process can be obtained (in an actual pressure application process, no axial displacement is generated between other components, and at this time, the axial displacement of the corrugated pipe is also the axial deformation data of the to-be-welded component), and pressure data provided by the pressure shaft 121 can be obtained, the welding pressure applied by the pressure cylinder 120 can be adjusted in real time through the controller 110 according to the deformation data and the pressure data, real-time deformation of the to-be-welded part 170 is accurately reflected, real-time response is realized, and the welding pressure. In this embodiment, the controller 110 is a programmable controller 110.
Specifically, one end of the axial elastic expansion member 130 has a lower flange 136 integrally formed therewith, the first end is provided with an upper flange 153, the lower flange 136 is fixedly connected with the upper flange 153, and the first end of the pressure rod 150 penetrates through the axial elastic expansion member 130 and is connected with the upper flange 153. At this time, the bottom end of the pressure sensor 135 is screw-coupled to the boss of the upper flange 153, and the upper end of the pressure sensor 135 faces the boss of the pressurizing shaft 121.
Optionally, the upper flange 153 is provided with a supporting rod 154, wherein the pressure sensor 135 is arranged around the circumferential direction of the supporting rod 154, one end of the supporting rod 154, which is away from the upper flange 153, extends out of the pressure sensor 135, and the boss is provided with a groove corresponding to the supporting rod 154, so as to ensure that the pressure shaft 121 is applied with the welding pressure along the axial direction of the pressure rod 150 to the pressure rod 150 after being abutted against the first end, and it should be noted that, when the supporting rod 154 is matched with the groove and when the end surface of the top end of the supporting rod is contacted with the bottom wall of the groove, one side of the pressure sensor 135, which is away from the upper flange 153, should be contacted with one side of the boss, which is close to the upper flange 153, so.
Optionally, the support rod 154 is integrally formed with the pressing rod 150, and the upper flange 153 is sleeved on the first end of the pressing rod 150. That is, the support rod 154 is integral with the pressing rod 150.
The axially elastic expansion element 130 is, for example, a spring, which may be a bellows in this application, and can expand and contract in the axial direction.
The diffusion welding forming equipment 10 facing the large-size inner cavity structural member further comprises a precise pressure regulating valve 123, and the pressurizing cylinder 120 is electrically connected with the controller 110 through the precise pressure regulating valve 123, so that the controller 110 can regulate the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing shaft 121 through the precise pressure regulating valve 123 according to the axial displacement data and the pressure data, real-time regulation of the welding pressure is guaranteed, and real-time deformation of the part to be welded 170 is responded.
It should be noted that before welding, when the elastic axial expansion element 130 is in a natural state, the pressing rod 150 abuts against the part 170 to be welded.
In practical use, the number of the axial elastic expansion element 130, the pressurizing shaft 121 and the pressure rod 150 may be one or more, that is, a plurality of axial elastic expansion elements 130 may be connected to one pressurizing shaft 121, or a plurality of pressurizing shafts 121 may be connected to one pressure rod 150, or vice versa, wherein care needs to be taken when a many-to-one connection is adopted to ensure that, for example, the plurality of pressurizing shafts 121 are distributed along the edge array of the pressure rod 150, and the uniformity of the force is ensured.
In this embodiment, the number of the axial elastic expansion members 130, the number of the pressurizing shafts 121, and the number of the pressing rods 150 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the axial elastic expansion members 130, the number of the pressurizing shafts 121, and the number of the pressing rods 150 are coaxially connected.
Optionally, the displacement sensor 133 is a micron-sized displacement sensor 133 (with a precision of 0.001mm), which has a high precision, and is connected to the controller 110, so that the deformation state of the to-be-welded part 170 under the external field loading condition of heat and force can be tracked in real time and accurately represented, thereby ensuring the post-welding precision of the inner cavity structural member.
It should be noted that each displacement sensor 133 corresponds to a displacement data display (not shown), and the displacement data displays are electrically connected to the displacement sensors 133, and are used for displaying specific data of the displacement sensors 133. When the actual axial elastic expansion piece 130 moves, if the measurement range of the displacement sensor 133 is 10mm, the measurement range of the displacement data display corresponding to the displacement sensor 133 is-9.999 to 9.999(mm), so that the axial deformation data generated by the thermal expansion of the part 170 to be welded in the welding process or the axial compression deformation data under the action of pressure can be completely displayed and cannot exceed the measurement range of the displacement data display. Therefore, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the displacement sensor 133 in the present embodiment is connected as follows:
the displacement sensor 133 includes an interconnected body 1331 and a retractable measuring head 1333, which is commercially available directly. For example, the displacement sensor 133 is a WYDC/LVDT displacement sensor, model WYDC-10, range: 0-10mm, power supply: +24V, its measurement accuracy is high.
The body 1331 is fixed to the first end through the upper flange 153, the retractable measuring head 1333 extends vertically (i.e. along the axial direction of the pressing rod 150) and faces away from the first end, and the top wall of the vacuum heating chamber 100 is provided with a support, so that when the axial elastic expansion member 130 is in a natural state, the retractable measuring head 1333 is tightly abutted against the support to generate deformation, and when the axial elastic expansion member 130 is compressed and restores to deform, the value change of the displacement sensor 133 is within the range of the displacement sensor 133.
The arrangement of the supporting member is adopted to ensure that the value change of the displacement sensor 133 is within the measuring range of the displacement sensor 133 when the axial elastic telescopic member 130 moves telescopically. That is, when the elastic axial expansion element 130 is in the non-operating state, the measuring head 1333 is tightly pressed against the support to deform, and the measured value is used as the starting point for the test, and when the elastic axial expansion element 130 is in the operating state (expansion) the value of the displacement sensor 133 changes within the measuring range of the displacement sensor 133, and the difference between the value and the starting point for the test is used as the specific displacement data.
Further, the support may be vertically adjustable in height. By adjusting the height, the height difference between the displacement sensor 133 and the axial elastic expansion piece 130 with different lengths is complemented, so that the application range is wider.
Optionally, the support is threadably connected to the top wall of the vacuum heating chamber 100. The adjustment of the distance between the bearing surface and the telescopic measuring head 1333 is achieved by means of a screw connection.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the support member includes a screw 140, the top wall of the vacuum heating chamber 100 is provided with a mounting portion 131, the screw 140 is screwed with the mounting portion 131, and a nut of the screw 140 is located on a side of the mounting portion 131 facing the first end. The distance between the telescopic measuring head 1333 and the screw cap can be adjusted by means of a threaded connection.
Furthermore, a support 106 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top wall of the vacuum heating chamber 100, a second end of the press rod 150 is sequentially slidably disposed through the support 106 and the housing 101 and located in the vacuum heating chamber 100, and the mounting portion 131 is disposed on the side wall of the support 106 and forms a mounting gap 137 with the top wall of the vacuum heating chamber 100. Through the formation of the mounting gap 137, part of the screws 140 can be located in the mounting gap 137 in the actual use process, so that the height of the bearing surface can be conveniently adjusted, meanwhile, the support member is ensured not to contact with the outer wall of the vacuum heating chamber 100, and the displacement sensor 133 is ensured to more accurately display the axial displacement change of the axial elastic expansion member 130, namely, accurate axial deformation data of the to-be-welded part 170 in the welding process is reflected.
Further, the support member includes a first nut 141 and a second nut 143, which are engaged with the screw 140, wherein the first nut 141 is screwed with the screw 140 and located at a side of the mounting portion 131 close to the first end, the second nut 143 is screwed with the screw 140 and located at a side of the mounting portion 131 away from the first end, and the second nut 143 is located in the mounting gap 137.
An upper pressure head 151 is arranged at one end of the pressure lever 150, which is positioned in the vacuum heating chamber 100, the cross-sectional area of the upper pressure head 151 is larger than that of the pressure lever 150, so that the pressure lever 150 is prevented from being separated from the vacuum heating chamber 100, meanwhile, the upper pressure head 151 is in contact with the upper part 170 to be welded, the contact area between the upper part 170 and the upper part 170 to be welded is increased, and the uniform stress of the part 170 to be welded is ensured.
Alternatively, the plunger 150 is integrally formed with the upper ram 151, i.e., the plunger 150 is integral with the upper ram 151.
In the embodiment, the projection areas of the upper pressure head 151 and the lower pressure head 105 on the horizontal plane are larger than the projection area of the part 170 to be welded on the horizontal plane, so that the uniformity of stress is ensured, and the test accuracy of the displacement sensor 133 and the pressure sensor 135 is ensured.
Optionally, the diffusion welding forming equipment 10 facing the large-sized inner cavity structural member further includes a backing plate (not shown), the backing plate is detachably stacked between the upper pressing head 151 and the lower pressing head 105, the backing plate is stacked on the lower pressing head 105 and detachably connected with the lower pressing head 105 during use, one side of the part 170 to be welded is fixed to the backing plate, and the other side is abutted by the upper pressing head 151. Further, the distance between the parts 170 to be welded and the upper pressing head 151 is reduced, so that the parts 170 to be welded can be fixed by the upper pressing head 151 and the lower pressing head 105 before welding.
Further, the diffusion welding forming equipment 10 facing the large-size inner cavity structure further comprises a display screen 160, the display screen 160 is connected with the controller 110 and used for receiving and displaying the axial displacement data, the pressure data and the temperature data in real time, and the displacement data, the pressure data and the temperature change can be reflected more intuitively through the arrangement of the display screen 160.
In summary, the diffusion welding forming device 10 for the large-sized inner cavity structural member provided in this embodiment has the advantages that by reverse design of the heater layout, the temperature uniformity of the full furnace is high, the heating uniformity of the large-sized part 170 to be welded is ensured, the deformation of the part 170 to be welded in the welding process is accurately observed and timely responded by the micron-sized displacement sensor 133, and the pressure is regulated and controlled in real time by combining the pressure sensor 135 and the precise pressure regulating valve 123, so that the product quality is ensured to be conformal (dimensional accuracy), the strength is ensured to be consistent, and the diffusion welding forming device is suitable for the part 170 to be welded which is a final forming mode by using the precision forming method of diffusion welding.
The embodiment also provides a diffusion welding method based on the diffusion welding forming equipment 10 facing the large-size inner cavity structural member, which includes:
the part 170 to be welded is fixed to the vacuum heating chamber 100.
The controller 110 controls the pressurizing cylinder 120 to apply welding pressure, so that the pressing rod 150 abuts against and presses the part 170 to be welded, the axial elastic expansion piece 130 generates axial displacement, the displacement sensor 133 feeds back axial displacement data of the axial elastic expansion piece 130 to the controller 110, the pressure sensor 135 feeds back pressure data provided by the pressurizing shaft 121 to the controller 110, and the controller 110 adjusts the pressure value applied by the pressurizing cylinder 120 according to the axial displacement data and the pressure data.
According to the diffusion welding method of the embodiment of the application, the diffusion welding forming equipment 10 facing the large-size inner cavity structural member has a simple structure, and can obtain real-time displacement data and real-time pressure data, so that the controller 110 can adjust the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder 120 in real time.
Specifically, the part 170 to be welded is loaded into the vacuum heating chamber 100 and fixed to the lower press block, and the upper press block abuts against the part 170 to be welded when the axial elastic expansion member 130 is in a natural state. The controller 110 controls the pressurizing cylinder 120 to apply welding pressure, so that the pressing rod 150 moves downwards to the upper pressing head 151 to press the part 170 to be welded tightly, and welding is performed, in the welding process, axial displacement of the part 170 to be welded is generated, so that axial deformation of the axial elastic expansion piece 130 is generated, the displacement sensor 133 obtains axial displacement data of the axial elastic expansion piece 130 in real time, namely, the displacement sensor 133 obtains real-time axial deformation data when the part 170 to be welded is welded, and the pressure sensor 135 obtains real-time pressure data carried by the pressurizing shaft 121.
Further, since the pressure cylinder 120 is connected to the controller 110 through the precise pressure regulating valve 123, the controller 110 regulates the welding pressure applied by the pressure cylinder 120 through the precise pressure regulating valve 123 according to the axial displacement data and the pressure data, so as to realize real-time precise regulation and control of the welding pressure, ensure uniformity of the pressure during welding, and accurately respond to real-time deformation of the part 170 to be welded.
Further, since the heating element 103 and a temperature measuring unit (not shown) for measuring the temperature inside the vacuum heating chamber 100 are disposed inside the vacuum heating chamber 100, the temperature measuring unit is connected to the controller 110 and feeds back the obtained temperature data to the controller 110, the heating element 103 is connected to the controller 110, and the controller 110 adjusts the heating temperature of the heating element 103 according to the obtained temperature data, thereby realizing real-time temperature control.
Because the diffusion welding forming equipment 10 facing the large-size inner cavity structural member further comprises the display screen 160 connected with the controller 110, the obtained data are respectively fed back to the controller 110 by the displacement sensor 133, the pressure sensor 135 and the temperature measuring member in real time, and are displayed in real time through the display screen 160, so that the data are convenient to view.
In summary, the diffusion welding forming equipment and the diffusion welding method for the large-size inner cavity structural member provided by the application rely on the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor which are arranged on the diffusion welding forming equipment for the large-size inner cavity structural member, so that the axial deformation data of the part to be welded in the welding process and the real-time pressure data provided by the pressurizing shaft can be obtained, the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder can be adjusted in real time through the controller according to the deformation data and the pressure data, the real-time deformation of the part to be welded is accurately reflected, the real-time response is realized, the welding pressure is adjusted, and the dimensional accuracy of the part to be welded is ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A diffusion welding forming device facing a large-size inner cavity structural part is characterized by comprising a vacuum heating chamber, a pressurizing assembly and a controller, wherein the vacuum heating chamber is limited by a shell;
the pressurizing assembly comprises a pressurizing cylinder, an axial elastic telescopic piece, a displacement sensor and a pressure rod, wherein the displacement sensor is used for acquiring axial displacement data of the axial elastic telescopic piece;
the pressurizing cylinder is provided with a telescopic pressurizing shaft, the pressurizing shaft can selectively abut against a first end of the pressure lever so as to apply welding pressure to the pressure lever along the axial direction of the pressure lever, the first end is provided with a pressure sensor used for obtaining pressure data applied by the pressurizing shaft, a second end of the pressure lever is slidably arranged in the shell in a penetrating mode and located in the vacuum heating chamber, the axial elastic expansion piece is sleeved on the circumferential direction of the pressure lever, and two ends of the axial elastic expansion piece are respectively connected with the top wall of the vacuum heating chamber and the first end;
the displacement sensor is connected with the controller and used for feeding back the obtained axial displacement data to the controller, the pressure sensor is connected with the controller and used for feeding back the obtained pressure data to the controller, and the controller is connected with the pressurizing cylinder and used for adjusting the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder according to the axial displacement data and the pressure data.
2. The diffusion weld forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein the displacement sensor includes an interconnected body fixed to the first end and a retractable measuring head extending axially of the strut and away from the first end;
the roof of vacuum heating chamber is equipped with support piece to make axial elasticity extensible member is when natural state, the telescopic measuring head closely support lean on in support piece produces compression deformation, axial elasticity extensible member is when compressed and recovery deformation, displacement sensor's numerical value change is in displacement sensor's range.
3. The diffusion weld forming apparatus of claim 2, wherein the support is vertically adjustable in height.
4. The diffusion weld forming apparatus of claim 3, wherein the support is threadably connected to a top wall of the vacuum heating chamber.
5. The diffusion weld forming apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising a precision pressure regulating valve, the pressurization cylinder being connected to the controller via the precision pressure regulating valve, the controller being configured to regulate the welding pressure applied by the pressurization cylinder via the precision pressure regulating valve based on the axial displacement data and the pressure data.
6. The diffusion weld forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a heating element and a temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature in the vacuum heating chamber are provided in the vacuum heating chamber, the temperature measuring device is connected to the controller and is configured to feed back the obtained temperature data to the controller, the heating element is connected to the controller, and the controller is configured to adjust the heating temperature of the heating element according to the obtained temperature data.
7. The diffusion weld forming apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising a display screen coupled to the controller for receiving and displaying the axial displacement data and the pressure data in real time.
8. A diffusion welding method based on the diffusion welding forming equipment facing the large-size inner cavity structural part according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
fixing the part to be welded on the vacuum heating chamber;
the controller controls the pressurizing cylinder to apply welding pressure, the pressure rod abuts against and tightly presses the part to be welded, the axial elastic expansion piece generates axial displacement, the displacement sensor feeds back axial displacement data of the axial elastic expansion piece to the controller, the pressure sensor feeds back pressure data provided by the pressurizing shaft to the controller, and the controller adjusts the welding pressure applied by the pressurizing cylinder according to the axial displacement data and the pressure data.
9. The diffusion welding method of claim 8, wherein the pressure cylinder is connected to the controller via a precision pressure regulating valve, and the controller regulates the welding pressure applied by the pressure cylinder via the precision pressure regulating valve based on the axial displacement data and the pressure data.
10. The diffusion welding method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a heating element and a temperature measuring member for measuring a temperature in the vacuum heating chamber are provided in the vacuum heating chamber, the temperature measuring member is connected to the controller and feeds back obtained temperature data to the controller, the heating element is connected to the controller, and the controller adjusts a heating temperature of the heating element according to the obtained temperature data.
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