CN110750111A - Solar automatic tracking device based on machine vision recognition - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for realizing solar automatic tracking based on machine vision identification, which comprises a solar panel, a master controller and a vision camera, wherein the solar panel is arranged on a rotating mechanism capable of rotating in an omnibearing manner, the vision camera is arranged corresponding to an upright post, the upright post forms a light shadow under the irradiation of the sun, the vision camera takes a picture of the light shadow to convert the light shadow length L into a digital signal and then uploads the digital signal to the master controller, and the master controller controls the rotating mechanism to drive the solar panel to rotate according to a calculated occupied ratio, namely the ratio of the light shadow length L to a set maximum light shadow length L so as to automatically track the direct illumination of the sun in an omnibearing manner. The invention can improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy, control the cost of products, improve the control precision, and has strong anti-interference capability and smaller generated error.

Description

Solar automatic tracking device based on machine vision recognition

Technical Field

The invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation technology, in particular to a device for realizing automatic solar tracking based on machine vision identification.

Background

At present, the solar tracker is widely applied to equipment such as a solar generator, a solar water heater, a solar trough collector, solar lighting and the like, so that the solar equipment can obtain sunlight energy to the maximum extent.

At present, solar automatic tracking devices in the market are generally divided into three types: the first type is mechanical system control, the second type is photovoltaic system control, the third type is electric control system control, and the solar automatic tracking device controlled by the mechanical system has low precision and low anti-interference capability; the solar automatic tracking device controlled by the photovoltaic system is slow in conversion; the solar automatic tracking device controlled by the electric control system has poor anti-interference capability and high price, and is easy to generate deviation.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device for realizing automatic solar tracking based on machine vision identification, which gives consideration to the solar utilization efficiency, controls the product cost and improves the control precision.

Can solve above-mentioned technical problem realize solar energy automatic tracking device based on machine vision discernment, its technical scheme includes solar panel, and what the institute is different still includes total controller and vision camera, solar panel installs on can making its all around rotation's slewing mechanism, the vision camera is corresponding to the pole setting, the pole setting forms the shadow under solar radiation, and the vision camera is taken a picture and is uploaded total controller after turning into digital signal with shadow length L, total controller drives solar panel rotation and the straight light of all-round autotracking sun according to the shared ratio that the calculation reachs that shadow length L is and the biggest shadow length L's of settlement ratio control slewing mechanism.

One structure of the rotating mechanism comprises a horizontal rotating motor and a vertical rotating motor, the vertical rotating motor is installed at the bottom of the supporting frame through a motor base, the vertical rotating shaft of the vertical rotating motor upwards passes through the lower end of a vertical transmission shaft arranged on the coupling connection supporting frame, and the horizontal rotating motor is installed at the upper end of the transmission shaft through the motor base.

Furthermore, the solar panel is arranged at the upper end of the rotating arm, and the lower end of the rotating arm is fixedly arranged on a horizontal rotating shaft of the horizontal rotating motor.

Furthermore, the support frame is installed on the bottom plate, the master controller is installed on the bottom plate through a base plate, the vision camera is installed on the support rod through the camera frame, the support rod is vertically installed on the base plate, and the vertical rod is arranged on the bottom plate on one side of the vision camera.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the solar automatic tracking device based on machine vision recognition can improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy, control the cost of products, improve the control precision, and has strong anti-interference capability and small generated error.

2. The invention can also realize cluster control tracking, thereby greatly reducing the cost of the tracker.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating mechanism in the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.

And (3) identifying the figure number: 1. a solar panel; 2. a master controller; 3. a vision camera; 4. a rotating mechanism; 5. erecting a rod; 6. sun shadow; 7. the sun; 8. a horizontal rotation motor; 9. a vertical rotation motor; 10. a support frame; 11. a drive shaft; 12. a rotating arm; 13. a support; 14. a base plate; 15. a support rod.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

The invention discloses a device for realizing solar automatic tracking based on machine vision identification, which comprises a rotating mechanism 4, a master controller 2, a vision camera 3 and a vertical rod 5 which are arranged on a bottom plate 13 outdoors, wherein the bottom plate is positioned at the rear lower part of the sun 7, as shown in figure 1.

The rotating mechanism 4 comprises a horizontal rotating motor 8, a vertical rotating motor 9, a support frame 10 and a support 13, the support 13 is installed on the bottom plate, the support frame 10 is installed on the support frame 13, a vertical transmission shaft 11 is installed on the support frame 10 through an upper bearing seat and a lower bearing seat, the vertical rotating motor 9 is installed at the bottom of the support frame 10 through a motor base, an output shaft of the vertical rotating motor 9 upwards passes through the lower end of a coupling connection transmission shaft 11, the horizontal rotating motor 8 is installed at the upper end of the transmission shaft 11 through the motor base, the lower end of a rotating arm 12 is fixedly installed on a horizontal rotating shaft of the horizontal rotating motor 8, and a solar panel 1 is installed at the upper end of the rotating arm 12, as shown in fig. 1.

In the structure, the rotating mechanism 4 comprises rotation in the horizontal direction and rotation in the vertical direction, the rotation in the horizontal direction and the rotation in the vertical direction are respectively executed by the horizontal rotating motor 8 and the vertical rotating motor 9 to complete the rotation in the horizontal direction, the rotation in the horizontal direction drives the solar panel 1 to rotate within the range of 0-180 degrees on the vertical surface, the rotation in the vertical direction drives the solar panel 1 to rotate within the range of 360 degrees on the horizontal plane, and the combination of the two movements can realize the all-directional movement of the solar panel 1.

A backing plate 14 is mounted on a bottom plate in front of the support 13, a support rod 15 and a master controller 2 are arranged on the backing plate 14 in front and at the back, the vision camera 3 is mounted on the top of the support rod 15 through a camera frame, and the shooting visual angle of the vision camera 3 faces to the front lower part; the upright 5 is mounted on a base plate 14 in front of the vision camera 3, and the sunlight shadow 6 generated by the illumination of the upright 5 by the sun 7 is mapped on the base plate 14 behind the upright 5, as shown in fig. 1.

The operation steps of the invention for automatically tracking sunlight are as follows:

1. the light of the sun 7 irradiates the upright post 5 to generate a solar shadow 6, the solar shadows 6 with different lengths can be generated due to different sunlight irradiation angles, and the maximum projection length of the solar shadow 6 is set to be L and input into the master controller 2.

The maximum projection length L determining method comprises the following steps: the maximum pole projection length L is determined by day monitoring and if the detected projection length L > L at the time of use, it (L) is changed to the maximum projection length.

2. Once the sun shadow 6 appears (in a sunny state), the vision camera 3 can immediately shoot the sun shadow 6 with a certain projection length l, and the vision camera 3 converts the l-length sun shadow 6 into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the master controller 2.

3. The master controller 2 calculates the ratio (L/L) of the length L of the sunlight shadow 6 to the length L of the sunlight shadow 6 through a self processing unit, namely the occupied ratio, and the master controller 2 sends a digital control signal to the rotating mechanism 4 according to the occupied ratio (L/L).

4. The rotating mechanism 4 receives the digital signal sent by the master controller 2 and then automatically adjusts the operation of the horizontal rotating motor 8 and the vertical rotating motor 9, so as to drive the solar panel 1 to move in all directions to adjust the angle and automatically track the position of the sun 7, and the sunlight can directly shine on the solar panel 1 to obtain the maximum solar energy.

When the sun 7 is shielded by the cloud (i.e. no sun shadow 6), the rotating mechanism 4 stops tracking; the larger the occupied ratio (L/L) value (oblique illumination), the more insensitive the tracking is, and for intermittent tracking, the closer the occupied ratio is to 0 (direct illumination), the more sensitive the tracking is, and the real-time tracking is realized.

The above embodiment is a description of tracking control of a single solar panel 1, and the present invention can also automatically control and track a plurality of solar panels 1 at the same time.

Claims (4)

1. Realize solar energy automatic tracking device based on machine vision identification, including solar panel (1), its characterized in that: still include total controller (2) and vision camera (3), solar panel (1) is installed on can making its all around rotation's slewing mechanism (4), vision camera (3) set up corresponding to pole setting (5), pole setting (5) form light shadow (6) under sun (7) shines, and vision camera (3) are taken a picture and are uploaded total controller (2) after turning into digital signal with light shadow length L to light shadow (6), total controller (2) are according to the ratio control slewing mechanism (4) of the maximum light shadow length L who accounts for the ratio that accounts for promptly light shadow length L and settlement that calculates drive solar panel (1) and rotate and the direct light of all-round automatic tracking sun (7).

2. The device for realizing solar automatic tracking based on machine vision identification according to claim 1, characterized in that: slewing mechanism (4) include that the level rotates motor (8) and vertical rotation motor (9), vertical rotation motor (9) are installed in the bottom of support frame (10) through the motor cabinet, and the vertical pivot of vertical rotation motor (9) upwards passes through the lower extreme of the vertical transmission shaft (11) that set up on coupling joint support frame (10), the level rotates motor (8) and installs in the upper end of transmission shaft (11) through the motor cabinet.

3. The device for realizing solar automatic tracking based on machine vision identification according to claim 2, characterized in that: the solar panel (1) is arranged at the upper end of the rotating arm (12), and the lower end of the rotating arm (12) is fixedly arranged on a horizontal rotating shaft of the horizontal rotating motor (8).

4. The solar energy automatic tracking device based on machine vision recognition according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that: the support frame (10) is installed on the bottom plate, the master controller (2) is installed on the bottom plate through a base plate (14), the vision camera (3) is installed on a support rod (15) through a camera frame, the support rod (15) is vertically installed on the base plate (14), and the vertical rod (5) is installed on a bottom plate on one side of the vision camera (3).

Images