CN110749468B - Automatic soil drilling and static collecting device and method - Google Patents
Automatic soil drilling and static collecting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110749468B CN110749468B CN201911002484.2A CN201911002484A CN110749468B CN 110749468 B CN110749468 B CN 110749468B CN 201911002484 A CN201911002484 A CN 201911002484A CN 110749468 B CN110749468 B CN 110749468B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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Abstract
A soil automatic drilling and static electricity collecting device comprises a drilling tool 1, a sampling power grid 2, an insulating layer 3 and an electromagnetic transportation ring 4; the sampling power grid 2 comprises two layers of power grids and is used for collecting soil; the insulating layer 3 is used for insulating the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transportation ring 4 is positioned on one side of the sampling power grid 2 and used for transporting soil; the drilling tool 1 is arranged on the sampling power grid 2 and used for drilling soil; voltage square waves with opposite phases are input to the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transport ring 4 comprises at least four layers of conductor rings 6 and an insulating ring 7 between two adjacent layers of conductor rings 6; the voltage square wave is input to each layer of conductor circular ring 6. The invention has the characteristics of simple structure, light weight, low power consumption and the like. And the function integration level is high, and the reliability and the environmental suitability are higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic soil drilling and static collecting device and a collecting method, in particular to an automatic soil drilling and static collecting device and a collecting method for the surface of an extraterrestrial celestial body, which can be used as an important means for full-automatic drilling, collecting, transporting and utilizing of the surface soil of the extraterrestrial body (such as moon, asteroid, Mars and the like).
Background
With the continuous stepping of human beings on the steps of space exploration, extraterrestrial celestial bodies become important targets of space exploration. On the one hand, evidence of organic life substances on extraterrestrial bodies, the exploration of water and mineral resources have become a major focus of deep space exploration. Due to the special gravity, temperature and atmospheric pressure environment of the extraterrestrial celestial bodies, people mainly acquire related substance information by detecting celestial body soil deeply buried under the earth surface. On the other hand, the composition and structural analysis of soil components of extraterrestrial celestial bodies also helps us to know the origin and evolution process of the asteroid and the planet, and is important content of space astronomy research. The effective drilling and collection of the surface soil of the extraterrestrial celestial body is the most important and basic link in the extraterrestrial body detection process. However, due to the current human aerospace technology limitations, most extraterrestrial celestial body detectors are unmanned and automated. And the special temperature, pressure and gravity conditions on extraterrestrial bodies require that the associated devices must be highly adaptable and reliable.
In the prior art, a Japan falcon asteroid detector detects and samples asteroids. Falcon No. 1 performed a survey sampling task on minor planet "Sichuan" in 2005. The asteroid soil sampling device realizes sampling of asteroid soil by launching a metal bomb and collecting splashed fragments generated by collision of the metal bomb and the asteroid by adopting a horn-shaped sampling device. Falcon No. 2 arrived at the asteroid "dragon palace" in 2018 and soil sampling was performed. It drills and samples the asteroid soil by means of an extended sample collection "arm". Currently, one sample has been successfully captured in month 2 of 2019. The asteroid soil drilling and collecting device mainly adopts a sampling mode of impact and capture, and can sample without directly landing on the asteroid. But this also results in some of its limitations. For example, the initial environment of the asteroid is damaged greatly, only small-scale sampling can be performed, the continuity is not long, the sample collection area is not controllable, and the like; and the device is complicated, so that the device has large volume, mass and power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, and the automatic soil drilling and static collecting device and the collecting method are provided; the device comprises a drilling tool, a sampling power grid, an insulating layer and an electromagnetic transportation ring; the sampling power grid comprises two layers of power grids for collecting soil; the insulating layer is used for insulating the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transportation ring is positioned on one side of the sampling power grid and used for transporting soil; the drilling tool is arranged on the sampling power grid and used for drilling soil; voltage square waves with opposite phases are input to the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transport ring comprises at least four layers of conductor rings and an insulation ring between two adjacent layers of conductor rings; and a voltage square wave is input to each layer of conductor circular ring.
The device integrates celestial body ground soil drilling, electrostatic collection and transportation. The device has the advantages of simple structural design, high function integration level, good assembly, strong environmental adaptability, high reliability and the like; the drilling device for treating the rock surface and the suction device for treating the weathered layer surface are provided, so that the application range is wide; the electrostatic collecting and transporting device utilizes the coulomb force of the electrostatic field to push the celestial body soil particles to move, and has low power consumption and small size.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an automatic soil drilling and static electricity collecting device comprises a drilling tool, a sampling power grid, an insulating layer and an electromagnetic transportation ring;
the sampling power grid comprises two layers of power grids for collecting soil; the insulating layer is used for insulating the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transportation ring is positioned on one side of the sampling power grid and used for transporting soil; the drilling tool is arranged on the sampling power grid and used for drilling soil;
voltage square waves with opposite phases are input to the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transport ring comprises at least four layers of conductor rings and an insulation ring between two adjacent layers of conductor rings; and a voltage square wave is input to each layer of conductor circular ring.
Preferably, the amplitude of the voltage square waves with opposite phases input to the two layers of power grids is 5000V-20000V.
Preferably, the distance between the two layers of power grids is 3 mm-10 mm.
Preferably, the phases of the voltage square waves input on the two adjacent layers of conductor circular rings are different by pi/2.
Preferably, the power grid is in a structure of a plurality of concentric rings connected by a divergent framework, but not limited to.
Preferably, the thickness of the framework, the height of the framework, the radial thickness of the circular ring and the height of the circular ring are all 0.5-2 mm.
Preferably, the electromagnetic sampling device further comprises a nesting, one part of the nesting is arranged on the sampling power grid, the other part of the nesting is arranged on the electromagnetic transport ring, and the electromagnetic transport ring is arranged on one side of the sampling power grid through the nesting.
Preferably, the system further comprises a power supply and a soil collecting device, wherein the power supply is used for supplying power to the drilling tool, the sampling power grid and the electromagnetic transportation ring; the soil collecting device is used for collecting the soil transported by the electromagnetic transport ring.
Preferably, the collecting device comprises one or more electromagnetic transport rings, and when the collecting device comprises a plurality of electromagnetic transport rings, the plurality of electromagnetic transport rings are connected in a stacked manner.
The automatic soil drilling and electrostatic collecting method comprises the following steps:
s1, drilling soil by using a drilling tool, and enabling the soil to enter an action area of a sampling power grid;
s2, sampling an electric field in the power grid to enable the soil to move towards the direction of the electromagnetic transport ring;
s3, enabling the soil to move to the collecting device through an electric field in the electromagnetic conveying circular ring, and completing soil collection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device not only utilizes the adsorption effect of an electric field on charged soil particles, but also converts the sampling of the rock surface into the sampling of rock fragment particles taken out by a drill by virtue of a traditional drilling tool, so that the device can smoothly collect soil and rock surfaces on the surface, below the surface of a weathered layer. And the special structure that the electromagnetic transport ring transfers the charges downwards enables the upper and lower surfaces of different electromagnetic transport rings to be conveniently connected in a nested manner. Therefore, the number of layers of the nested electromagnetic transport rings can be increased as required, and different soil sample collection requirements are met. The sampling power grid and the electromagnetic transport ring are not provided with closed loops, so that the working current is extremely low, and even if the input voltage reaches high voltage of thousands of volts, the working current is almost zero, so that the power consumption required by the device is small. Therefore, the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, light weight, low power consumption and the like. And the function integration level is high, and the reliability and the environmental suitability are higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic transport ring of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a conductor ring structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle and the flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
a soil automatic drilling and static electricity collecting device comprises a drilling tool 1, a sampling power grid 2, an insulating layer 3 and an electromagnetic transportation ring 4; as shown in fig. 1 to 4.
The sampling power grid 2 comprises two layers of power grids and is used for collecting soil; the insulating layer 3 is used for insulating the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transportation ring 4 is positioned on one side of the sampling power grid 2 and used for transporting soil; the drilling tool 1 is arranged on the sampling power grid 2 and used for drilling soil;
voltage square waves with opposite phases are input to the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transport rings 4 comprise at least four layers of conductor rings 6 as shown in fig. 3, and insulating rings 7 between two adjacent layers of conductor rings 6; the voltage square wave is input to each layer of conductor circular ring 6.
Furthermore, the amplitude of the voltage square waves with opposite phases input on the two layers of power grids is 5000V-20000V.
Furthermore, the distance between the two layers of power grids is 3-10 mm.
Further, the phase difference of the voltage square waves input to the two adjacent layers of conductor circular rings 6 is pi/2.
Further, the power grid adopts a plurality of concentric circular ring structures connected by a divergent framework, but not limited to.
Furthermore, the thickness of the framework, the height of the framework, the radial thickness of the circular ring and the height of the circular ring are all 0.5-2 mm.
Further, the device also comprises a nesting 5, one part of the nesting 5 is arranged on the sampling power grid 2, the other part of the nesting 5 is arranged on the electromagnetic transport ring 4, and the electromagnetic transport ring 4 is arranged on one side of the sampling power grid 2 through the nesting 5.
Further, the device also comprises a power supply and a soil collecting device, wherein the power supply is used for supplying power to the drilling tool 1, the sampling power grid 2 and the electromagnetic transportation ring 4; the soil collecting device is used for collecting the soil transported by the electromagnetic transport ring 4.
Further, the collecting device comprises one or more electromagnetic transport rings 4, and when the collecting device comprises a plurality of electromagnetic transport rings 4, the plurality of electromagnetic transport rings 4 are connected in a stacked manner.
Example 2:
the utility model provides an automatic drilling of surface of earth sky body soil and static collection system, includes drilling tool 1, sampling electric wire netting 2, insulating layer 3, can be along with the demand gradually superimposed electromagnetism transport ring 4.
The sampling power grid 2 is divided into two layers of power grids with the interval of 5mm, the two power grids are isolated by an insulating layer 3, the sampling power grid 2 is formed by connecting a plurality of concentric rings through a divergent framework, and the thickness and the height of the framework and the radial thickness and the height of the rings are all 1 mm. Two input ends of the sampling power grid 2, namely two input ends of the two power grids, are inverted high-voltage square waves, and the amplitude of the square waves is 10 kV.
Each electromagnetic transportation ring 4 is composed of four layers of conductor rings 6, and adjacent conductor rings 6 are isolated by insulating rings 7. Four layers of conductor circular rings 6 of the electromagnetic transportation circular ring 4 are respectively connected with four square waves with phase difference of pi/2, and square wave signals are input to the conductor circular rings 6 through electrodes 8.
The sampling power grid 2 is connected with an electromagnetic transport ring 4 through a nesting 5. The electromagnetic transport rings 4 are stacked layer by layer as required, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the electromagnetic transport rings 4 can be embedded into each other, so that the electromagnetic transport rings 4 can determine the required number of stacked layers according to the required height. The drilling tool 1 can be fitted with the innermost ring of the sampling grid 2. The conductive part of the electromagnetic conveying ring 4 is isolated from the outside by an insulating material.
An automatic drilling and electrostatic collecting method for surface soil of an underground celestial body is based on the following principle: generally, soil particles on the surface of the earth-external celestial body are charged because the surface of the earth-external celestial body is always exposed to the direct action of cosmic rays and solar wind. Under the action of the periodically changed high-voltage electric field, the extraterrestrial celestial soil particles are forced to move upwards. Due to the acceleration effect of the electric field, the extraterrestrial celestial soil particles have a certain speed, so in an environment with small gravity effect and low air resistance, the extraterrestrial celestial soil particles pass through the upper sampling power grid 2 at a certain speed and enter the region of the electromagnetic transport ring 4.
The acquisition method comprises the following steps, as shown in fig. 4:
1. the soil 9 on the surface layer of the extraterrestrial celestial body is drilled through a proper drilling tool 1, and some drilled celestial body soil is extruded into an area acted by a sampling power grid 2 through the volume of the drilling tool 1; or the soil particles which are originally weathered layers on the surface of the celestial body can be directly contacted with the sampling power grid 2;
2. an electric field with a direction change is formed between two layers of sampling power grids 2 by adding the opposite-phase high-voltage square waves between the sampling power grids 2, so that charged celestial body soil particles can move upwards under the action of the electric field force;
3. the celestial body soil particles move from the upper part of the sampling power grid 2 into the area acted by the transport ring 4 at a certain speed. Since the phases of the square waves connected with the four layers of conductor rings 6 of the electromagnetic transport ring 4 are different by pi/2, the state of the conductor ring 6 is the same as that of the conductor ring 6 below the conductor ring 6 every 1/2 square wave cycles. For a stack of whole electromagnetic transport rings 4, the spatial distribution of the electric field moves in one direction over time. This allows celestial soil particles entering the electromagnetic transport ring 4 to move within the electromagnetic transport ring 4 at the original velocity.
Example 3:
a soil automatic drilling and static electricity collection method adopts the collection device of embodiment 1 or 2, and comprises the following steps:
s1, drilling soil by using the drilling tool 1, and enabling the soil to enter an action area of the sampling power grid 2;
s2, sampling an electric field in the power grid 2 to enable the soil to move towards the direction of the electromagnetic transport ring 4;
s3, enabling the soil to move to the collecting device through an electric field in the electromagnetic transportation ring 4, and completing soil collection.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Claims (10)
1. The automatic soil drilling and static electricity collecting device is characterized by comprising a drilling tool (1), a sampling power grid (2), an insulating layer (3) and an electromagnetic transport ring (4);
the sampling power grid (2) comprises two layers of power grids and is used for collecting soil; the insulating layer (3) is used for insulating the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transportation ring (4) is positioned on one side of the sampling power grid (2) and is used for transporting soil; the drilling tool (1) is arranged on the sampling power grid (2) and is used for drilling soil;
voltage square waves with opposite phases are input to the two layers of power grids; the electromagnetic transport circular rings (4) comprise at least four layers of conductor circular rings (6) and insulating circular rings (7) between two adjacent layers of conductor circular rings (6); the voltage square wave is input to each layer of conductor circular ring (6).
2. The automatic soil drilling and static electricity collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the voltage square waves with opposite phases input on the two layers of power grids is 5000V-20000V.
3. The automatic soil drilling and static electricity collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the two layers of power grids is 3 mm-10 mm.
4. The automatic soil drilling and static electricity collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the phase difference of the voltage square waves input to the adjacent two layers of conductor rings (6) is pi/2.
5. The automatic soil drilling and static electricity collection device according to claim 1, wherein said electric network is a plurality of concentric rings connected by a divergent skeleton.
6. The automatic soil drilling and static electricity collecting device according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the framework, the height of the framework, the radial thickness of the circular ring and the height of the circular ring are all 0.5-2 mm.
7. A soil auto-drilling and static electricity harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a nest (5), one part of the nest (5) is mounted on the sampling grid (2) and the other part is mounted on the electromagnetic transport ring (4), the electromagnetic transport ring (4) is mounted on one side of the sampling grid (2) through the nest (5).
8. The automatic soil drilling and electrostatic collection device according to claim 1, further comprising a power supply and a soil collection device, wherein the power supply is used for supplying power to the drilling tool (1), the sampling grid (2) and the electromagnetic transportation ring (4); the soil collecting device is used for collecting the soil transported by the electromagnetic transport ring (4).
9. A soil auto-drilling and static electricity collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the collection device comprises one or more electromagnetic transport rings (4), when the collection device comprises a plurality of electromagnetic transport rings (4), the plurality of electromagnetic transport rings (4) are connected in a stacked manner.
10. An automatic soil drilling and electrostatic collection method, characterized in that the collection device of any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, drilling soil by using the drilling tool (1) to enable the soil to enter an action area of the sampling power grid (2);
s2, sampling an electric field in the power grid (2) to enable the soil to move towards the direction of the electromagnetic transport ring (4);
s3, enabling the soil to move to the collecting device through an electric field in the electromagnetic transport ring (4), and completing soil collection.
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| CN201911002484.2A CN110749468B (en) | 2019-10-21 | 2019-10-21 | Automatic soil drilling and static collecting device and method |
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| CN112643845A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-13 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Lunar soil 3D printing device based on electrostatic collection, transportation, powder feeding, light gathering and melting |
| CN117463505B (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-03-01 | 空间液态金属科技发展(江苏)有限公司 | Moon detection electrostatic dust collection device |
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| JPH0882582A (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-03-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Device for collecting sample in earth and sand |
| CN201096647Y (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2008-08-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Moon soil sampling device |
| CN102680275B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2014-11-19 | 北京卫星制造厂 | Device for sampling shallow soil of extraterrestrial star |
| CN104034557B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-02-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of grab jaw formula that drills through compound sampling apparatus for ASTEREX and using method thereof |
| CN104155141B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-05-04 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Integral type planetary surface soil collecting device |
| CN108518876B (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-11-29 | 中国空间技术研究院 | A kind of resource processing system in situ transported using electrostatic with optically focused molten sintering |
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