CN110749223A - Storage and taking shared compressed air energy storage and heat storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a storage and taking shared compressed air energy-storage and heat-storage system, which comprises: the heat storage device comprises a plurality of heat accumulators, each heat accumulator is provided with a heat accumulation cavity filled with a heat accumulation medium and a heat exchange cavity isolated from the heat accumulation cavity, the heat exchange cavities of the plurality of heat accumulators are connected in parallel to a heat exchange flow path of the heat storage device, and at least part of the plurality of heat exchange cavities can be selectively communicated with the heat exchange flow path; the compressor is connected with the heat exchange flow path; the inlet and the outlet of the gas storage device are respectively connected with the two ends of the heat exchange flow path; and the expander is connected with the heat exchange flow path. The access shared compressed air energy storage and heat storage system can greatly reduce the investment cost, save the running electric loss and the pressure drop loss during air heating and cooling, improve the system efficiency, and ensure that the stored heat energy is high-quality heat energy with high temperature by designing a plurality of heat accumulators which can be independently merged into a heat exchange flow path.

Description

Storage and taking shared compressed air energy storage and heat storage system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a storage and taking shared compressed air energy storage and heat storage system.

Background

At present, clean energy power generation sources in China are rapidly developed, and novel clean renewable energy represented by hydropower, photovoltaic and wind power becomes the primary choice for building clean energy power stations in China. Due to the influence of complex power supply structures, power grid structures, power price composition, historical factors and the like, outstanding contradictions such as power resource configuration distortion and the like are caused, the problems are limited by conventional power supply characteristics and power grid structures, and new energy consumption is obvious. The large-scale power energy storage technology can effectively solve the problem of instability of renewable energy sources, adjust the peak valley of a power grid and improve the economy and stability of a power system.

The compressed air energy storage is good in environmental friendliness due to the fact that afterburning of fuel is not needed, and is widely popularized at present, but how to improve the system efficiency of the advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage technology and reduce the operation cost also becomes one of research hotspots in the technical field.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides an access sharing type compressed air energy storage and heat storage system, which is used for solving the defect of low energy efficiency in the prior art.

The embodiment of the invention provides an access shared compressed air energy storage and heat storage system, which comprises: the heat storage device comprises a plurality of heat accumulators, each heat accumulator is provided with a heat accumulation cavity filled with a heat accumulation medium and a heat exchange cavity isolated from the heat accumulation cavity, the heat exchange cavities of the plurality of heat accumulators are connected in parallel to a heat exchange flow path of the heat storage device, and at least part of the heat exchange cavities can be selectively communicated with the heat exchange flow path; a compressor connected to the heat exchange flow path; the inlet and the outlet of the gas storage device are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat exchange flow path; an expander connected to the heat exchange flow path.

In some embodiments, the number of the compressors is multiple, the multiple compressors are connected in series, and the compressors adjacent along a compression gas path are distributed on the opposite side of the heat exchange flow path.

In some embodiments, the number of the expanders is multiple, the expanders are connected in series, and the adjacent expanders along the expansion gas path are distributed on the opposite side of the heat exchange flow path.

In some embodiments, the heat accumulator includes a plurality of sub heat accumulators, each of the sub heat accumulators has the heat accumulation chamber and the heat exchange chamber, and the heat exchange chambers of the same heat accumulator are synchronously connected to or disconnected from the heat exchange flow path.

In some embodiments, the sub heat accumulator includes a first tube and a second tube, the second tube is sleeved outside the first tube, the second tube and the first tube define the heat accumulation cavity therebetween, and the first tube defines the heat exchange cavity.

In some embodiments, the sub heat accumulator includes a first pipe, a second pipe, and a third pipe, the second pipe, and the first pipe are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, the heat accumulation cavity is defined between the second pipe and the first pipe, and the heat exchange cavity is defined between the third pipe and the second pipe and between the first pipe respectively.

In some embodiments, the heat exchange chamber is linear.

In some embodiments, the heat exchange chambers of a plurality of said sub-regenerators of one and the same regenerator are connected in parallel.

In some embodiments, a plurality of the sub heat accumulators of the same heat accumulator are arranged side by side.

In some embodiments, a plurality of the heat exchange chambers of the same regenerator are connected to the heat exchange flow path by a common control valve.

According to the access shared compressed air energy storage and heat storage system provided by the embodiment of the invention, by designing the scheme of storing and taking the shared heat storage device and the self-flowing of the heat exchange medium, the investment cost can be greatly reduced, the running electric loss and the pressure drop loss during air heating and cooling can be saved, the system efficiency is improved, and the stored heat energy is ensured to be high-temperature high-quality heat energy by designing the plurality of heat accumulators which can be independently merged into the heat exchange flow path.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an access shared compressed air energy-storage and heat-storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sub-heat accumulator of the access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system according to the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a sub-heat accumulator of the access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system according to the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another sub-heat accumulator of the access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

10-a thermal storage device; 11-a heat accumulator; 12-a sub-regenerator; 13-a first tube; 14-a second tube; 15-a third tube; 16-a thermal storage medium; 17-a heat exchange cavity; 18-a control valve; 19-a heat exchange flow path;

20-gas storage means; 31-a primary compressor; 32-a secondary compressor; 33-a three-stage compressor; 41-first stage expander; 42-a secondary expander; A/B/C-motor; D/E-generator.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

An access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

As shown in fig. 1, the access sharing type compressed air energy storage and heat storage system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a heat storage device 10, a compressor, a gas storage device 20, and an expander.

The heat storage device 10 includes a plurality of heat accumulators 11, and the heat accumulators 11 are used for storing energy and releasing energy when needed, for example, surplus electric energy can be stored by means of heat energy, and heat energy can be released when needed.

The heat accumulator 11 has a heat accumulation cavity and a heat exchange cavity 17, the heat accumulation cavity is used for being filled with a heat accumulation medium 16, the heat accumulation medium 16 includes but is not limited to molten salt, the heat exchange cavity 17 is isolated from the heat accumulation cavity and can conduct heat through an isolation layer in the middle, and the isolation layer is made of a good thermal conductor, such as copper, stainless steel, aluminum and the like.

The plurality of heat accumulators 11 are connected in parallel, the heat exchange chambers 17 of the plurality of heat accumulators 11 are connected in parallel to the heat exchange flow path 19 of the heat storage device 10, and at least part of the plurality of heat exchange chambers 17 may selectively communicate with the heat exchange flow path 19. For example, each heat storage device 10 is connected to the heat exchange flow path 19 through a corresponding control valve 18.

The compressor is connected to the heat exchange flow path 19 of the heat accumulator 11, and the working medium (which may be air) of the compressor is the heat exchange medium. The compressor may be an air compressor, the compressor is configured to compress air, the air may be pressurized and heated in the compression process, the compressor may be connected to a motor, for example, the compressor in fig. 1 is driven by a motor a/B/C, and the motor may be driven by renewable electricity such as wind power, photovoltaic power, and the like, which is not convenient for power grid connection.

The expander is connected to the heat exchange flow path 19, and the working medium of the expander is also a heat exchange medium. The expander can utilize the compressed gas to expand and output mechanical work outwards when pressure is reduced, and the temperature of the gas can be reduced, the expander is used for converting internal energy and pressure potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy to be output, for example, the expander can be connected with a generator D/E to drive the generator D/E to generate electricity.

The gas storage device 20 has an inlet and an outlet respectively connected to two ends of the heat exchange flow path 19, the gas storage device 20 is used for storing high-pressure gas, for example, the gas storage device 20 may include a pipeline steel gas storage device 20. The gas storage device 20 may maintain the heat energy of the gas stored therein through a heat preservation process. Both ends of the heat exchange flow path 19 refer to two main lines of the heat exchange flow path 19 which are connected to both ends of the heat exchange chamber 17, respectively.

In the energy storage stage, the compressor works, the heat exchange medium (which may be air or other gas) flows through the heat exchange cavity 17, and transfers heat energy to the heat storage medium 16 in the heat storage cavity, for example, molten salt in the heat storage cavity absorbs heat, heats up and melts, so that the energy of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 17 can be transferred to the heat storage medium 16 in the heat storage cavity for storage. The heat exchange medium (high-pressure gas) after heat exchange can be stored in the gas storage device 20.

In the energy releasing stage, the heat exchange medium (high-pressure gas) stored in the gas storage device 20 flows through the heat exchange cavity 17, the heat storage medium 16 in the heat storage cavity transfers heat to the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 17, so that the heat exchange medium flows into the expander to do work after being heated to output energy, for example, the molten salt in the heat storage cavity releases heat, cools and solidifies, and thus the heat energy stored in the heat storage medium 16 in the heat storage cavity can be released.

In other words, the same heat exchange chamber 17 is used for energy storage and energy release in the heat storage device 10, that is, the same heat exchange chamber 17 is used for the heat exchange medium with high temperature in the energy storage stage and the heat exchange medium with low temperature in the energy release stage, so that the structure of the whole heat accumulator 11 is simple.

In addition, the medium flowing in the process of storing energy and potential energy is high-pressure heat exchange gas, and is driven by the pressure difference in the gas when the system operates, and the heat storage medium does not need to flow, so that a driving pump is not needed. Since the heat storage medium 16 does not need to flow, the operating electric loss and the construction cost for driving the pump can be saved compared with the scheme of driving the heat storage medium 16 to flow in the related art.

It can be understood that in the energy storage stage, the energy storage of the heat accumulators 11 one by one can be realized by controlling the communication state of the heat accumulators 11 and the heat exchange flow path 19. For example, in fig. 1, each heat accumulator 11 may control the communication state between itself and the heat exchange flow path 19 through the corresponding control valve 18, and when all the molten salts in the current heat accumulator 11 reach the designed energy storage temperature, the branch control valve 18 of the current heat accumulator 11 is closed, the control valves 18 of the other heat accumulators 11 that do not store heat are opened, and so on.

Of course, it is also possible to realize the synchronous parallel energy storage or energy release of the plurality of heat accumulators 11 by controlling the open/close state of the control valve 18, or to control the synchronous series heat storage of the plurality of heat accumulators 11 by providing the control valves 18 at both ends of the heat accumulators 11.

Also, in the energy release stage, it is possible to realize a plurality of energy release patterns of the respective heat accumulators 11 by controlling the communication state of the respective heat accumulators 11 with the heat exchange flow path 19.

Therefore, according to the current requirements of energy storage or energy release, a proper number of heat accumulators 11 or a proper working mode can be selected to work, and the stored heat energy is ensured to be high-quality heat energy with high temperature.

According to the access shared compressed air energy storage and heat storage system provided by the embodiment of the invention, by designing the scheme of storing and taking the shared heat storage device 10 and the self-flowing of the heat exchange medium, the investment cost can be greatly reduced, the running electric loss and the pressure drop loss during air heating and cooling can be saved, the system efficiency is improved, and the capacity expansion and the modularized operation of the system are facilitated by designing the plurality of heat accumulators 11 which can be independently merged into the heat exchange flow path 19.

In some embodiments, the access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system of the present invention includes a plurality of compressors connected in series, so that a multi-stage compression mode can be formed, and the pressure of the gas stored in the gas storage device 20 is sufficiently large.

As shown in fig. 1, the compressors adjacent along the compression gas path are distributed on opposite sides of the heat exchange flow path 19. In other words, the compressors of the adjacent two stages are respectively distributed on both sides of the thermal storage device 10. The compressed gas path refers to a flow path of compressed gas in an energy storage stage. For example, in fig. 1, the primary compressor 31 is disposed on the upper side (upper side in fig. 1) of the thermal storage device 10, the secondary compressor 32 is disposed on the lower side (lower side in fig. 1) of the thermal storage device 10, and the tertiary compressor 33 is disposed on the upper side (upper side in fig. 1) of the thermal storage device 10. The high-temperature air passing through the outlet of the primary compressor 31 heats the heat storage medium 16 in the heat accumulator 11, and then flows to the lower side of the heat storage device 10. The secondary compressor 32 is arranged at the lower side of the heat accumulator 11, and the medium-pressure air passing through the heat exchange outlet is further compressed by the secondary compressor 32, so that the problems that an air outlet pipe needs to be added and the air pressure drop needs to be increased when the secondary compressor 32 is arranged at the upper side are solved. Similarly, a tertiary compressor 33 is placed on the upper side of the regenerator 11 to receive high pressure air from the secondary compressor 32.

It should be noted that, in the related art, the pressure drop of a large-scale compressed air energy storage system is very serious, and the inventor finds, through a lot of researches, that the pressure drop comes from a long and turning flow path caused by the air flowing into the outlet pipe, and in the present application, the construction cost of the air flowing into the outlet pipe can be saved by respectively distributing the two adjacent stages of compressors on the two sides of the heat storage device 10, and the pressure drop of the whole system is greatly reduced, so that the energy storage efficiency of the system is enhanced.

In some embodiments, the access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system of the embodiments of the present invention includes a plurality of expansion machines, and the plurality of expansion machines are connected in series. Therefore, a multi-stage expansion mode can be formed, the pressure of each stage can be fully utilized, and the energy release efficiency is higher.

As shown in fig. 1, the expanders adjacent along the expansion gas path are distributed on the opposite side of the heat exchange flow path 19. In other words, the expanders of the adjacent two stages are respectively distributed on both sides of the thermal storage device 10. The expansion gas path refers to the flow path of the gas during the energy release stage. For example, in fig. 1, the primary expander 41 is disposed on the upper side (upper side in fig. 1) of the thermal storage device 10, and the secondary expander 42 is disposed on the lower side (lower side in fig. 1) of the thermal storage device 10. This application can save the construction cost that the air flowed in the stand pipe through distributing in the both sides of heat accumulation device 10 respectively with adjacent two-stage expander, and reduces entire system's pressure drop by a wide margin, reinforcing system energy release efficiency.

The regenerator 11 comprises a plurality of sub-regenerators 12, each sub-regenerator 12 having, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, a heat storage chamber and a heat exchange chamber 17, the heat storage chambers in fig. 2 to 4 having been filled with a heat storage medium 16, and the plurality of heat exchange chambers 17 of the same regenerator 11 being in synchronous communication with or disconnected from a heat exchange flow path 19.

In other words, each heat accumulator 11 is substantially a sub-accumulator group, so that each sub-accumulator 12 can be designed to be smaller under the condition of a certain heat storage capacity, and correspondingly, the cross-sectional area of each heat storage chamber and each heat exchange chamber 17 can be made smaller, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

The heat exchange chambers 17 of the plurality of sub heat accumulators 12 of the same heat accumulator 11 are connected in parallel, that is, when a certain heat accumulator 11 operates, the plurality of sub heat accumulators 12 of the heat accumulator 11 synchronously operate in parallel, so as to increase the heat exchange speed of each heat accumulator 11.

A plurality of sub-regenerators 12 of the same regenerator 11 are arranged side by side to facilitate the parallel connection between the packaging of the whole regenerator 11 and the heat exchange chamber 17.

As shown in fig. 1, the plurality of heat exchange chambers 17 of the same heat accumulator 11 are connected to a heat exchange flow path 19 via a common control valve 18, and the on/off state of the corresponding control valve 18 is controlled, that is, the parallel on/off of the plurality of sub heat accumulators 12 of each heat accumulator 11 is realized.

As shown in fig. 2-4, the heat exchange chamber 17 is of a straight type. Therefore, compared with a U-shaped loop in the related art, the pressure drop loss can be greatly reduced in the energy storage or release stage, and the energy efficiency of the system is enhanced.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2-3, the sub-regenerator 12 includes a first tube 13 and a second tube 14, the second tube 14 being sleeved outside the first tube 13, the second tube 14 being radially spaced from the first tube 13 such that the second tube 14 defines a heat storage chamber with the first tube 13, and the first tube 13 defines a heat exchange chamber 17.

In other words, the sub heat accumulator 12 is a double-layer sleeve type, the first pipe 13 (inner pipe) is used for circulating a heat exchange medium (such as compressed air), the heat accumulation medium 16 is stored between the second pipe 14 and the first pipe 13, and the heat accumulation cavity between the second pipe 14 and the first pipe 13 is closed. The heat accumulation chamber and the heat exchange chamber 17 are separated by a first tube 13, and the first tube 13 can be made of a good conductor of heat to facilitate heat exchange. The second tube 14 is coated with an insulating layer. Thus, by designing the heat storage chamber of the outer ring, the filling thickness of the heat storage chamber (heat storage medium 16) is small, which facilitates uniform heat storage or heat release in each region of the heat storage medium 16.

The second tube 14 and the first tube 13 may be both straight tubes, for example, the second tube 14 and the first tube 13 may be concentric circular straight tubes, and correspondingly, the heat storage cavity is an annular cavity.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the sub heat accumulator 12 includes a first pipe 13, a second pipe 14, and a third pipe 15, the second pipe 14, and the first pipe 13 are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, a heat accumulation cavity is defined between the second pipe 14 and the first pipe 13, and a heat exchange cavity 17 is defined between the third pipe 15 and the second pipe 14 and between the first pipe 13.

In other words, first tube 13 defines heat exchange cavity 17, second tube 14 is sleeved outside first tube 13, second tube 14 is spaced radially apart from first tube 13 such that heat storage cavity is defined between second tube 14 and first tube 13, third tube 15 is sleeved outside second tube 14, and third tube 15 is spaced radially apart from second tube 14 such that heat exchange cavity 17 is defined between third tube 15 and second tube 14. The heat accumulation chamber is isolated from the inner heat exchange chamber 17 by the first tube 13 and from the outer heat exchange chamber 17 by the second tube 14.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the heat exchange cavity 17 includes two layers, that is, the heat exchange cavity 17 is designed on both the inner side and the outer side of the heat storage cavity, the first tube 13 and the second tube 14 can be made of good heat conductors to facilitate heat exchange, and the third tube 15 is covered with an insulating layer. The heat exchange cavities 17 on the inner side and the outer side of the heat storage cavity can work simultaneously, and heat exchange media in the two heat exchange cavities 17 flow in the same direction, so that the heat exchange efficiency is higher.

The third tube 15, the second tube 14 and the first tube 13 may be straight tubes, for example, the third tube 15, the second tube 14 and the first tube 13 may be concentric circular straight tubes, correspondingly, the heat storage cavity is an annular cavity, and the heat exchange cavity 17 on the outer side is an annular cavity.

Of course, referring to the design idea of this embodiment, the sub heat accumulator 12 further includes more layers, for example, five layers of pipes, which define two layers of heat accumulation cavities and three layers of heat exchange cavities 17, and the two layers of heat accumulation cavities and the three layers of heat exchange cavities 17 are nested one by one in a staggered manner.

According to the access sharing type compressed air energy storage and heat storage system of the embodiment of the invention, during energy storage, high-pressure and high-temperature air flows into the heat exchange cavity 17 of the sub-heat accumulator 12 and transfers heat to the heat storage medium 16 (taking molten salt as an example) at the heat storage cavity. During energy release, high-pressure low-temperature air from the outlet of the air storage device 20 passes through the heat exchange cavity 17 of the sub-heat accumulator 12 and is heated to high temperature by the heat accumulation medium 16 at the heat accumulation cavity, and the high-temperature high-pressure air then enters the expander to work. The thermal storage device 10 is arranged in a straight pipe, and can reduce flow resistance. The system can be designed in a modularized mode, one heat storage device 10 can be shared in the storing and taking operation links, investment cost can be reduced, and the pressure drop of an air flow path is further reduced by arranging the compressor and the expander on two sides of the heat storage device 10.

In an actual implementation, a plurality of concentric sleeve-type sub heat accumulators 12 are connected in parallel to form a line of heat accumulators 11, a plurality of heat accumulators 11 are connected in parallel to form the entire heat storage device 10, and an outer pipe heat-insulating process is performed on each sub heat accumulator 12. Taking molten salt as an energy storage medium as an example, the scheme mainly comprises two steps of energy storage and energy release.

During energy storage, high-temperature and high-pressure air compressed by the compressor heats the molten salt in the ring cavity through the heat exchange cavity 17 of the sub-heat accumulator 12, and the molten salt absorbs heat and is heated and melted. When all the molten salts of the target heat accumulator 11 reach the design energy storage temperature, the branch control valve 18 of the present heat accumulator 11 is closed. The control valves 18 of the other regenerators 11 are opened and so on. And sequentially adding each heat storage device in the heat storage device 10 until all the branches of the heat storage devices reach the designed heat storage temperature or the air pressure in the air storage device 20 reaches the designed pressure value.

When energy is released, high-pressure air at the outlet of the air storage device 20 passes through the heat exchange cavity 17 of the sub-heat accumulator 12, molten salt in the heat accumulation cavity transfers heat to the air passing through the heat exchange cavity 17, and the temperature of the air is increased. And then the expansion is carried out in an expander to do work. The high-pressure air is heated sequentially through the respective heat accumulators 11 by controlling the opening and closing of the control valves 18 of the respective heat accumulators 11 until the heat storage of the entire heat storage means is extracted or the release of the high-pressure air from the air in the air storage means 20 is completed.

The embodiment of the invention provides an access sharing type compressed air energy storage and heat storage system. The system uses concentric sleeves with built-in thermal storage interlayers as core sub-thermal storage 12. The sub heat accumulator 12 is a circular straight pipe. The heat storage and release functions are performed by filling the intermediate layer of the sub heat accumulator 12 with a suitable heat storage medium 16 to absorb and heat air passing through the inner and outer ring chambers. The heat accumulator 11 is formed by connecting a plurality of sub heat accumulators 12 in parallel, and the whole heat accumulation device 10 is formed by connecting a plurality of heat accumulators 11 in parallel. A valve is arranged in front of each heat accumulator 11, so that a gas flow path in the heat storage and extraction process can be conveniently planned.

The sub heat accumulator 12 serves as a heat accumulation core to heat or cool the air in the inner pipe, and has the functions of heat accumulation and heat exchange. The straight pipe arrangement can well reduce the pressure drop existing in the air flow path and improve the system efficiency. The energy storage and release links share one set of equipment, so that the investment of the whole system is reduced. The heat storage medium 16 does not need to flow in the operation process, and the operation cost is reduced. The modular design and management mode is beneficial to large-scale production and capacity expansion, and can also reduce the system investment and operation management difficulty.

The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An access sharing type compressed air energy storage and heat storage system is characterized by comprising:

the heat storage device comprises a plurality of heat accumulators, each heat accumulator is provided with a heat accumulation cavity filled with a heat accumulation medium and a heat exchange cavity isolated from the heat accumulation cavity, the heat exchange cavities of the plurality of heat accumulators are connected in parallel to a heat exchange flow path of the heat storage device, and at least part of the heat exchange cavities can be selectively communicated with the heat exchange flow path;

a compressor connected to the heat exchange flow path;

the inlet and the outlet of the gas storage device are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat exchange flow path;

an expander connected to the heat exchange flow path.

2. The access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the compressors is plural, the plural compressors are connected in series, and the adjacent compressors along the compressed air path are distributed on the opposite side of the heat exchange flow path.

3. The access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the expansion machines is plural, the plural expansion machines are connected in series, and the expansion machines adjacent to each other along the expansion gas path are distributed on the opposite side of the heat exchange flow path.

4. The access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat accumulator includes a plurality of sub heat accumulators each having the heat-storing chamber and the heat-exchanging chamber, and the plurality of heat-exchanging chambers of the same heat accumulator are synchronously connected to or disconnected from the heat-exchanging flow path.

5. The access sharing compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system according to claim 4, wherein the sub-heat accumulator includes a first tube and a second tube, the second tube is sleeved outside the first tube, and the heat-storing cavity is defined between the second tube and the first tube, and the first tube defines the heat-exchanging cavity.

6. The access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system according to claim 4, wherein the sub-heat accumulator comprises a first pipe, a second pipe and a third pipe, the second pipe and the first pipe are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, the heat-storing cavity is defined between the second pipe and the first pipe, and the heat-exchanging cavity is defined between the third pipe and the second pipe and between the first pipe.

7. The access sharing type compressed air energy and heat storage system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the heat exchange cavity is linear.

8. The access sharing type compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchange chambers of the sub heat accumulators of the same heat accumulator are connected in parallel.

9. The access sharing compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of the sub heat accumulators of the same heat accumulator are arranged side by side.

10. The access sharing compressed air energy-storing and heat-storing system according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of heat exchange chambers of the same heat accumulator are connected to the heat exchange flow path through a common control valve.

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