CN110748851A - Optical system of automobile headlamp - Google Patents

Optical system of automobile headlamp Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110748851A
CN110748851A CN201910961150.1A CN201910961150A CN110748851A CN 110748851 A CN110748851 A CN 110748851A CN 201910961150 A CN201910961150 A CN 201910961150A CN 110748851 A CN110748851 A CN 110748851A
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China
Prior art keywords
high beam
plano
convex lens
reflector
light source
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CN201910961150.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邓云龙
杨芮牧
尹淼
邓华秋
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Priority to CN201910961150.1A priority Critical patent/CN110748851A/en
Publication of CN110748851A publication Critical patent/CN110748851A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/14Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/36Combinations of two or more separate reflectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/50Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by aesthetic components not otherwise provided for, e.g. decorative trim, partition walls or covers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical system of an automobile headlamp, which comprises a dipped headlight unit and a high beam unit, wherein the dipped headlight unit consists of a plurality of dipped headlight modules, and each dipped headlight module comprises an LED light source, an ellipsoidal reflector, a paraboloid-shaped reflector, a light screen and a plano-convex lens; the LED light source is arranged on a first focus of the ellipsoidal reflector, and the light shielding plate is arranged at a second focus position of the ellipsoidal reflector and is positioned between the ellipsoidal reflector and the plano-convex lens; the high beam lamp unit is composed of a plurality of high beam lamp modules, each high beam lamp module comprises N LED light sources, N reflectors with the same structure and a rectangular plano-convex lens, and the whole high beam lamp system has the regional light distribution capability. And then, the high beam and the low beam are freely arranged, so that the integration of the high beam and the low beam is further realized. The lamp has compact structure and high lighting effect, the dipped headlights meet the requirements of regulations, and the high beam lights realize pixel-level illumination with rectangular light spots.

Description

Optical system of automobile headlamp
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical design, in particular to an optical system of an automobile headlamp.
Background
The LED is a mainstream automobile headlamp light source in the future, and has the advantages of high luminous efficiency, long service life, energy conservation, environmental protection, small volume, good shock resistance, high response speed and the like.
At night, the light distribution effect of the automobile headlamp has great influence on the driving safety of a driver, and the occurrence probability of traffic accidents at night can be effectively reduced due to the good light distribution shape of the headlamp. For an automobile headlamp using a common LED (a light source similar to a surface light source and lambertian light with a light emitting field of 180 °) as a light source, GB25991-2010 "LED headlamp for an automobile" has a detailed specification. On the premise of satisfying the requirements, it is a very important subject to be studied to continuously improve the light distribution effect of the head lamp and to improve the illumination efficiency as much as possible, including the very practical area-divided light distribution illumination (matrix illumination) which appears in recent years.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an optical system of an automobile headlamp.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an optical system of a vehicle headlight comprises a dipped headlight unit and a high beam unit,
the dipped headlight unit consists of a plurality of dipped headlight modules, and each dipped headlight module comprises an LED light source, an ellipsoidal reflector, a paraboloid-shaped reflector, a light shielding plate and a plano-convex lens; the LED light source is arranged on a first focus of the ellipsoidal reflector, light emitted by the LED light source is reflected by the ellipsoidal reflector and the parabolic reflector, and the light shielding plate is arranged at a second focus position of the ellipsoidal reflector and is positioned between the ellipsoidal reflector and the plano-convex lens;
the high beam unit comprises a plurality of high beam modules, the high beam module includes LED light source, a N reflector and rectangle plano-convex lens that the structure is the same, N reflector interval the same distance parallel arrangement that the structure is the same, but the optical axis three-dimensional fine setting of every structure, N are the natural number, according to the light path direction, the sectional area crescent of a N reflector, the light emitting area center of LED light source is located the focus department of first reflector, and N reflectors that the structure is the same all enclose by four paraboloids quadrature and close and constitute.
The dipped headlight unit consists of six dipped headlight modules, the high beam unit consists of ten high beam modules, which are arranged around the dipped headlight unit.
In the invention, vertical light shielding plates are arranged on two sides of each dipped headlight module.
The four paraboloids are the same in length, each paraboloid is provided with five sections, the focal length of each section is 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm and 0.7mm respectively, and the ideal vertex of each section of each paraboloid is the same.
The length and width of the rectangular plano-convex lens are both 20mm, and the rectangular plano-convex lens and the Nth reflection cavity are spaced by 1 mm.
The rectangular plano-convex lens is rectangular in shape, the surface type is a spherical surface, the first surface is a plane, the curvature radius of the second surface is 78mm, and the thickness of the lens is 6 mm.
One surface of the plano-convex lens is a plane and is 115mm away from the LED light source, the center of the plano-convex lens is downwardly deviated by 2.1mm, the other surface of the plano-convex lens is a spherical surface, the curvature radius of the plano-convex lens is 36.1mm, and the thickness of the lens is 13 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the high-beam LED lamp comprises a dipped headlight unit and a high-beam headlight unit, wherein the lighting efficiency of the dipped headlight reaches 84.90%, and the lighting efficiency of the high-beam headlight reaches 91.73%;
(2) the high beam lamp realizes rectangular light distribution light shape, and the illumination distribution is relatively uniform, so that the whole high beam lamp unit has certain regional light distribution capability;
(3) the low beam lamp structure of the invention adopts an ellipsoidal reflecting cavity for forming the illumination of a 15-degree cut-off line,
drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an optical system of an automotive headlamp of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a general view of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a front view of the high beam module of fig. 1;
fig. 4 is a structural view of a high beam module;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the low beam module of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of low beam light units.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Examples
The position coordinates described in this embodiment follow a left-hand three-dimensional coordinate system, and the z-axis direction is the light irradiation direction (positive direction) of the vehicle lamp, the x-axis direction is the horizontal direction, and the y-axis direction is upward.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, an optical system for a vehicle headlamp includes a low beam unit and a high beam unit.
As shown in fig. 5, the low beam light unit 13 is composed of a plurality of low beam light modules including a low beam light LED light source 1, an ellipsoidal reflector 2, a parabolic reflector 3, a light shielding plate 4, and a plano-convex lens 5, the light emitted from the LED light source is divided into two parts, and the ellipsoidal reflector is used for forming an illumination of a 15 ° cut-off line; the parabolic reflector is used to improve the efficiency of illumination while having some ability to control the illumination distribution. The connection mode of two kinds of reflection chambeies can be designed as required, as long as do not influence the light path can, and the parabolic reflector is located the right side of ellipsoid reflector in this embodiment, and two reflectors assemble respectively on the fixed mechanical structure of lamps and lanterns.
In this embodiment, the LED light source is disposed on the first focus of the ellipsoidal reflector, the size of the light emitting surface of the LED light source is 4.4 × 1mm, the thickness of the LED light source is 1mm, the central position of the LED light source is (0, 0, 15mm), and the emitted light is 180 ° lambertian.
The ellipsoid equation of the ellipsoidal reflector is
Figure BDA0002228953530000031
The ellipsoid z0 has a length of 18mm and a starting point of the vertex at one end of the origin of the long axis.
The parabolic reflector has a focal length of 14.5mm, a vertex position of (0, -1.2mm, -0.6mm), a length of 55mm along the z-axis direction, a width of 80mm along the x-axis direction, and a depth of 20mm below the y-axis; the parabolic reflector has a 0.9 ° clockwise rotation centered on the vertex in the side view, and a 1.2 ° clockwise rotation centered on the vertex in the top view.
The light shading plate in the embodiment is a rectangle with one cut-off corner, the size of the rectangle is 40mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 1mm, the central position of the rectangle is (0.6mm, -7mm, 69mm), the cut-off corner starts along a point (0-2 mm) in an xy plane, and the ray cut rotated by 15 degrees in the negative direction of a y axis is performed by taking the direction of the x axis as a reference, so that the light shading plate is used for shading light rays to enable an illuminating part (a light distribution screen) to generate a cut-off line of 15 degrees.
The plano-convex lens is circular, the first surface is a plane and is 115mm away from the LED light source, the center of the plano-convex lens is deviated downwards by 2.1mm along the y axis, the second surface is a spherical surface, the curvature radius of the plano-convex lens is 36.1mm, and the thickness of the lens is 13 mm; the first face is located at (0, -2.1mm, 130 mm). The light shading plate and the light distribution screen (25 m away from the light source) form an object image relationship through a plano-convex lens, and the downward deviation is specifically a distance which takes the position of an optical axis as a center and is deviated downwards.
In the embodiment, the light emitting surface of the LED light source has a counterclockwise rotation of 49 °, that is, the included angle of the normal of the light emitting surface in the horizontal direction (or the optical axis) is 41 °.
As shown in fig. 6, the low beam light unit of the present embodiment includes six low beam light modules, the six low beam light modules are divided into two rows and arranged in a staggered manner, vertical light shielding plates 24 are disposed on two sides of each low beam light module for blocking stray light of each low beam light module from each other, the low beam light unit has a size of 240 × 95mm in the xy plane, and a thickness of 145mm in the z-axis direction.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the high beam unit is composed of a plurality of high beam modules, each of the high beam modules sequentially comprises a high beam LED light source 6, N reflectors with the same structure and a rectangular plano-convex lens 12, the sectional areas of the N reflectors are gradually increased according to the light path direction, and the center of the light emitting surface of the LED light source is located at the focus of the first reflector.
The size of the LED light source of the high beam is 1 × 1mm, the light emitting surface faces the right front (right in the figure), the N reflectors with the same structure are reflectors formed by paraboloids, in this embodiment, N is 5, and the reflectors are a first reflector 7, a second reflector 8, a third reflector 9, a fourth reflector 10 and a fifth reflector 11 respectively, and the center of the light emitting surface of the LED light source is located at the focus of the first reflector 7, namely the origin of coordinates; each reflector is formed by orthogonally enclosing four paraboloids, the lengths of the four paraboloids are the same, each paraboloid is provided with five sections, the focal lengths of the sections are respectively 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm and 0.7mm, and the ideal vertex of each section of each paraboloid is the same.
Rectangular plano-convex lens, length and width are 20mm, and its first face has 1 mm's interval with the end of fifth reflector 11, and the first face is the plane, and the radius of curvature of second face is 78mm, and the thickness of lens is 6 mm.
The light distribution light shape of each high beam module is a rectangular light spot, and the single high beam of different modules is controlled to be extinguished, so that the regional light distribution function can be realized. In order to meet the requirements of national standards on high beam lighting, the LED power of each high beam module is different.
If necessary, the high beam and the low beam can be turned on together to meet the lighting requirements under different conditions.
The focal length of the rectangular plano-convex lens may also be adjusted so that the lens abuts the end of the fifth reflector.
In the arrangement mode of the optical system in this embodiment, the dipped headlight unit surrounds 10 high beam modules 14 to 23, and each high beam module corresponds to a light spot on the light distribution screen one by one. The user can freely arrange the position and the rotation angle of each high beam, project the high beam to different positions on the light distribution screen, and combine the required light shapes.
The 10 such spots are combined into a large rectangular spot in the front illumination zone, constituting a 10 independently controllable "pixel" illumination system.
Table 1 is a comparison table of the illuminance values of the low beam light units on the light distribution screen and the national standards of LED low beam lights in this embodiment.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002228953530000041
Figure BDA0002228953530000051
Table 2 is a table comparing the illuminance values of the high beam and the national standard of LED high beam in the embodiment of the present invention.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002228953530000052
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An optical system of a vehicle headlight, which is characterized by comprising a dipped headlight unit and a high beam unit,
the dipped headlight unit consists of a plurality of dipped headlight modules, and each dipped headlight module comprises an LED light source, an ellipsoidal reflector, a paraboloid-shaped reflector, a light shielding plate and a plano-convex lens; the LED light source is arranged on a first focus of the ellipsoidal reflector, light emitted by the LED light source is reflected by the ellipsoidal reflector and the parabolic reflector, and the light shielding plate is arranged at a second focus position of the ellipsoidal reflector and is positioned between the ellipsoidal reflector and the plano-convex lens;
the high beam unit comprises a plurality of high beam modules, the high beam modules include LED light source, N reflectors that the structure is the same and rectangle plano-convex lens, N reflectors that the structure is the same apart from parallel arrangement, N is the natural number, according to the light path direction, the sectional area of N reflectors crescent, the light emitting area center of LED light source is located the focus department of first reflector, and N reflectors that the structure is the same all enclose by four paraboloids quadrature and close and constitute.
2. The optical system for automotive headlamps as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said low beam unit is constituted by six low beam modules and said high beam unit is constituted by ten high beam modules, said ten high beam modules being arranged around the low beam unit.
3. An optical system for automotive headlamps according to claim 2, characterized in that vertical light screens are provided on both sides of each low beam module.
4. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the four paraboloids are equal in length, each paraboloid has five sections, the focal lengths of the sections are respectively 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm and 0.7mm, and the ideal vertex of each section of each paraboloid is equal.
5. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the rectangular plano-convex lens has a length and a width of 20mm and is spaced from the nth reflective cavity by 1 mm.
6. The optical system for automotive headlamps as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said rectangular plano-convex lens has a rectangular outer shape, a spherical surface shape, a flat first surface, a curvature radius of a second surface of 78mm, and a lens thickness of 6 mm.
7. The optical system of claim 6, wherein one side of the plano-convex lens is a flat surface which is 115mm away from the LED light source and has a center which is shifted downward by 2.1mm, and the other side is a spherical surface having a radius of curvature of 36.1mm, and a thickness of the lens is 13 mm.
CN201910961150.1A 2019-10-11 2019-10-11 Optical system of automobile headlamp Pending CN110748851A (en)

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CN114033980A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-02-11 佛山熙元照明科技有限公司 Non-direct light-emitting light control structure
CN114954746A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-08-30 深圳市旻君电子科技有限公司 Swing electricity generation bicycle lamp
WO2023082937A1 (en) * 2021-11-12 2023-05-19 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 Vehicle lamp module group, vehicle lamp, and vehicle

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WO2023082937A1 (en) * 2021-11-12 2023-05-19 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 Vehicle lamp module group, vehicle lamp, and vehicle
CN114033980A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-02-11 佛山熙元照明科技有限公司 Non-direct light-emitting light control structure
CN114954746A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-08-30 深圳市旻君电子科技有限公司 Swing electricity generation bicycle lamp

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