CN110747428B - Titanium alloy surface flame-retardant and sealing integrated coating and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Titanium alloy surface flame-retardant and sealing integrated coating and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN110747428B
CN110747428B CN201911229347.2A CN201911229347A CN110747428B CN 110747428 B CN110747428 B CN 110747428B CN 201911229347 A CN201911229347 A CN 201911229347A CN 110747428 B CN110747428 B CN 110747428B
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flame
spraying
titanium alloy
coating
base material
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CN110747428A (en
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马文
齐英伟
白玉
汪瑞军
马小斌
鲍曼雨
赵嘉炜
张辰楠
陈伟东
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Beijing Golden Wheel Special Machine Co ltd
Inner Mongolia University of Technology
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Beijing Golden Wheel Special Machine Co ltd
Inner Mongolia University of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129Flame spraying
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C45/00Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/10Amorphous alloys with molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, titanium, or zirconium or Hf as the major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06Metallic material

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a titanium alloy surface flame-retardant sealing integrated coating and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) surface treatment of the titanium alloy base material; (2) preheating the titanium alloy base material; (3) preparing a flame-retardant layer coating; (4) and (4) preparing the abradable seal coating. The invention uses the flame-retardant layer of the titanium-zirconium amorphous alloy as the bonding layer, cancels the original bonding layer, adopts the nickel-chromium-aluminum-bentonite as the abradable sealing surface layer, and has the functions of protecting the blade and the casing, simultaneously reducing the porosity between the blades and the casing, and improving the heat efficiency, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost.

Description

Titanium alloy surface flame-retardant and sealing integrated coating and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy surface treatment. In particular to a titanium alloy surface flame-retardant sealing integrated coating and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The titanium alloy has the characteristics of low density, high strength, excellent heat resistance and excellent corrosion resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace and the like. The casing, the rotor blade and the like of the aircraft engine compressor are made of titanium alloy. However, as engine performance continues to increase, the temperature of the compressor case also continues to increase, and the increase in ambient temperature of the equipment presents challenges to the materials themselves. The increase in temperature within the casing is also increasingly significant with respect to the expansion of the blade material. According to the data, in 1977-1988, the United states and the Soviet Union have the problem that multiple high-pressure compressor blades are broken and clamped in a casing, so that the titanium alloy is spontaneously combusted, and an engine accident is caused. In addition, due to friction between the atmospheric dust and the blades of the casing, instantaneous local temperature is overhigh, and spontaneous combustion of the titanium alloy is also caused. It was earlier proposed to increase the distance between the casing and the blade to solve the problem of blade expansion and fracture. However, the efficiency of the engine is reduced along with the increase of the clearance between the casing and the blades, and data show that the high-pressure turbine blade tip gas path clearance of a typical engine is reduced by 0.254mm, and the efficiency can be improved by about 1%; the radial clearance of the compressor is increased by 0.076mm, and the oil consumption rate can be increased by about 1%; about 2300 million RMB can be saved and 2.9 million tons of CO can be reduced every year when the working efficiency of a 530MW steam turbine is improved by 2 percent2And (4) discharging. The technical attack of flame retardance and sealing of the titanium alloy attracts a plurality of experts and scholars.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a titanium alloy sealing and flame-retardant integrated coating which can be applied to flame retardance and sealing of the inner wall of a casing of an aircraft engine compressor and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the flame-retardant sealing integrated coating on the surface of the titanium alloy consists of a flame-retardant layer coating and an abradable sealing coating, wherein the flame-retardant layer coating is positioned between the surface of the titanium alloy and the abradable sealing coating.
The flame-retardant and sealing integrated coating on the surface of the titanium alloy is prepared from Ti40Zr25Ni3Cu12Be20The amorphous alloy spraying powder, wherein the abradable seal coating material is NiCrAl-bentonite spraying powder.
The flame-retardant sealing integrated coating on the surface of the titanium alloy is 100-150 mu m thick; the thickness of the abradable seal coating is 1.2-2 mm.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant sealing integrated coating on the surface of the titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) surface treatment of the titanium alloy base material;
(2) preheating the titanium alloy base material;
(3) preparing a flame-retardant layer coating;
(4) and (4) preparing the abradable seal coating.
In the step (1), the titanium alloy base material is subjected to surface oil removal, rust removal and polishing treatment, wherein the polishing treatment is to polish the titanium alloy base material to 800 meshes step by using sand paper so that the surface of the titanium alloy base material becomes a flat and smooth spraying surface; the surface was sandblasted by a sandblasting machine before the spraying, the sand component used for the sandblasting was alumina, and the substrate roughness Ra after the sandblasting was 1.5 μm. The purpose is to increase the surface roughness of the titanium alloy base material properly and realize the increase of the bonding force between the coating and the substrate.
In the step (2), the titanium alloy base material is preheated by adopting supersonic flame or high-pressure cold spraying, the preheating temperature is 100-130 ℃, and the preheating time is 5-30s, so that the base can generate proper expansion.
In the step (3), the flame-retardant layer coating is prepared by adopting supersonic flame spraying, and the spraying material of the flame-retardant layer coating is Ti40Zr25Ni3Cu12Be20The granularity of the amorphous alloy powder is 30-100 mu m; the technological parameters of the supersonic flame spraying are as follows: the kerosene flow is 0.38-0.44L/min, the oxygen flow is 880-980L/min, the spraying distance is 380-450mm, the powder feeding rate is 35-45g/min, and the obtained coating thickness is 100-150 mu m.
According to the preparation method of the titanium alloy surface flame-retardant sealing integrated coating, in the step (3), the flame-retardant layer coating is prepared by adopting high-pressure cold spraying; the spraying material of the flame-retardant layer coating is Ti40Zr25Ni3Cu12Be20Spraying amorphous alloy powder with the granularity of 30-100 mu m; the parameters of the high-pressure cold spraying process are as follows: the carrier gas flow is 1000-.
According to the preparation method of the flame-retardant sealing integrated coating on the surface of the titanium alloy, in the step (4), the abradable sealing coating is prepared by flame spraying; the abradable seal coating is a nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite spraying powder material, and the mass percent of each element in the nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite spraying powder material is Cr: 4%, Al: 4%, bentonite 21%, Ni: the balance; the granularity of the nickel-chromium-aluminum-bentonite powder is 88-199 mu m; the flame spraying process comprises the following steps: oxygen pressure: 0.2-0.4MPa, acetylene pressure: 0.05-0.15MPa, spraying distance: 200-250mm, powder feeding pressure: 0.4MPa, and the obtained coating thickness is 1.2-2 mm.
The application of the titanium alloy surface flame-retardant sealing integrated coating is used for the inner wall of a casing of an aircraft engine compressor.
The technical scheme of the invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:
the coating prepared by the invention comprises a titanium-zirconium amorphous alloy flame-retardant layer with the function of a bonding layer and nickelA chromium aluminum-bentonite abradable face layer; wherein the flame-retardant layer material adopts Ti40Zr25Ni3Cu12Be20The amorphous alloy spraying powder is prepared by supersonic flame spraying or high-pressure cold spraying, and has the advantages of low porosity, compact structure and low oxidation rate; the surface layer is prepared by oxygen-acetylene flame spraying, and has good abradability, proper coating hardness and good bonding force with the flame-retardant layer.
The invention uses the titanium-zirconium amorphous alloy flame-retardant layer as the bonding layer, cancels the original bonding layer, adopts the nickel-chromium-aluminum-bentonite as the abradable sealing surface layer, and has the functions of protecting the blade and the casing, simultaneously reducing the porosity between the blades and the casing, and improving the heat efficiency, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost; meanwhile, the structure of the coating is simplified, the preparation procedures are reduced, and the preparation cost is reduced.
In the invention, the preparation of the coating by selecting the supersonic flame spraying and the high-pressure cold spraying has the following advantages: the coating is compact, the porosity is low, and the oxidation amount is small; compared with a coating prepared by an atmospheric plasma spraying mode, the coating has better performance and is more resistant to high-temperature oxidation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a titanium alloy surface flame-retardant sealing integrated coating of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Surface treatment of the titanium alloy base material: adopting a wafer sample of a TC4 titanium alloy sample with the diameter of 25mm and the thickness of about 3.5mm, carrying out oil and rust removal treatment on the sample before spraying, and gradually polishing the surface of the sample to 800 meshes by using abrasive paper to expose a smooth sprayed surface;
carrying out sand blasting treatment on the base material by a sand blasting machine, wherein the sand component used for sand blasting is alumina, the grain size of the sand is 30 meshes, so that the base obtains certain roughness, the binding force between the coating and the base is improved, and the roughness Ra of the base after sand blasting is 1.5 mu m;
(2) preheating the titanium alloy base material: preheating the titanium alloy by adopting supersonic flame to ensure that the substrate generates proper expansion, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-130 ℃, and the preheating time is 20S;
(3) preparing a flame-retardant layer coating: the spraying material of the flame-retardant layer coating is Ti40Zr25Ni3Cu12Be20Spraying amorphous alloy powder with the granularity of 30-100 mu m; the flame-retardant layer is prepared by adopting supersonic flame spraying, and the spraying process parameters are as follows: the flow rate of kerosene is 0.40L/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 900L/min, the spraying distance is 450mm, the powder feeding rate is 40g/min, and the thickness of the obtained coating is 120 mu m;
(4) preparing an abradable seal coating: the abradable seal coating is a nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite spraying powder material, and the mass percent of each element in the nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite spraying powder material is Cr: 4%, Al: 4%, bentonite 21%, Ni: and (4) the balance.
Preparing an abradable nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite surface layer by flame spraying, wherein the spraying process comprises the following steps: oxygen pressure: 0.4MPa, acetylene pressure: 0.15MPa, spraying distance: 220mm, powder feeding pressure: 0.4MPa, the coating thickness obtained is 1.5 mm.
Example 2
(1) Surface treatment of the titanium alloy base material: adopting a wafer sample of a TC4 titanium alloy sample with the diameter of 25mm and the thickness of about 3.5mm, carrying out oil and rust removal treatment on the sample before spraying, and gradually polishing the surface of the sample to 800 meshes by using abrasive paper to expose a smooth sprayed surface;
carrying out sand blasting treatment on the base material by a sand blasting machine, wherein the sand component used for sand blasting is alumina, the grain size of the sand is 30 meshes, so that the base obtains certain roughness, the binding force between the coating and the base is improved, and the roughness Ra of the base after sand blasting is 1.5 mu m;
(2) preheating the titanium alloy base material: preheating the titanium alloy by adopting supersonic flame to ensure that a substrate generates proper expansion, wherein the preheating temperature is between 100 and 130 ℃; the preheating time was 20S.
(3) Preparing a flame-retardant layer coating: the spraying material of the flame-retardant layer coating is Ti40Zr25Ni3Cu12Be20Spraying amorphous alloy powder with the granularity of 30-100 mu m; by high-pressure cold sprayingPreparing a flame-retardant layer, wherein the spraying process parameters are as follows: 1300L/min of carrier gas, 3MPa of nozzle pressure, 40mm of spraying distance and 60g/min of powder feeding rate, and the thickness of the obtained coating is 120 mu m;
(4) preparing an abradable seal coating: the abradable seal coating is a nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite spraying powder material, and the mass percent of each element in the nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite spraying powder material is Cr: 4%, Al: 4%, bentonite 21%, Ni: and (4) the balance.
Preparing an abradable nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite surface layer by flame spraying, wherein the spraying process comprises the following steps: oxygen pressure: 0.3MPa, acetylene pressure: 0.1MPa, spraying distance: 200mm, powder feeding pressure: 0.4MPa, the coating thickness obtained is 1.5 mm.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications are possible which remain within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. A preparation method of a flame-retardant sealing integrated coating on the surface of a titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) surface treatment of the titanium alloy base material; carrying out surface oil removal, rust removal and polishing treatment on the titanium alloy base material, wherein the polishing treatment is to polish the titanium alloy base material to 800 meshes step by using sand paper so that the surface of the titanium alloy base material becomes a flat and smooth spraying surface; performing sand blasting treatment on the surface by a sand blasting machine before spraying, wherein the sand component used for sand blasting is aluminum oxide, and the roughness Ra of the substrate after sand blasting is 1.5 mu m;
(2) preheating the titanium alloy base material; preheating the titanium alloy base material by adopting supersonic flame or high-pressure cold spraying, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-130 ℃, and the preheating time is 5-30 s;
(3) preparing a flame-retardant layer coating; the flame-retardant layer coating is prepared by adopting supersonic flame spraying or high-pressure cold spraying, and the spraying material of the flame-retardant layer coating is Ti40Zr25Ni3Cu12Be20Amorphous alloy powder with the granularity of 30-100 mu m;
the technological parameters of the supersonic flame spraying are as follows: the flow rate of kerosene is 0.38-0.44L/min, the flow rate of oxygen is 880-980L/min, the spraying distance is 380-450mm, the powder feeding rate is 35-45g/min, and the thickness of the obtained coating is 100-150 mu m;
the parameters of the high-pressure cold spraying process are as follows: the carrier gas flow is 1000-
(4) Preparing an abradable seal coating; the abradable seal coating is prepared by flame spraying; the abradable seal coating is a nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite spraying powder material, and the mass percent of each element in the nickel chromium aluminum-bentonite spraying powder is Cr: 4%, Al: 4%, bentonite 21%, Ni: the balance; the granularity of the nickel-chromium-aluminum-bentonite powder is 88-199 mu m; the flame spraying process comprises the following steps: oxygen pressure: 0.2-0.4MPa, acetylene pressure: 0.05-0.15MPa, spraying distance: 200-250mm, powder feeding pressure: 0.4MPa, and the obtained coating thickness is 1.2-2 mm.
2. The application of the titanium alloy surface flame-retardant sealing integrated coating is characterized in that the titanium alloy surface flame-retardant sealing integrated coating obtained by the preparation method in the claim 1 is applied to the inner wall of a casing of an aircraft engine compressor.
CN201911229347.2A 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Titanium alloy surface flame-retardant and sealing integrated coating and preparation method and application thereof Expired - Fee Related CN110747428B (en)

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