CN110747327A - High-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for refractory iron ore laminating crushing shaft furnace - Google Patents
High-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for refractory iron ore laminating crushing shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for a refractory iron ore laminating crushing shaft furnace, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: A. crushing refractory iron ore to-100 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill, and screening and grading the refractory iron ore into 0-15mm, 15-50mm and 50-100 mm; B. b, respectively carrying out gas-based magnetized roasting on the refractory iron ores with the grain sizes of 15-50mm and 50-100mm obtained in the step A by using a shaft furnace, wherein a reducing agent is mixed gas of blast furnace gas and coke oven gas, and cooling roasted ores to 40-50 ℃ after roasting is finished; C. and carrying out dry type pre-selection waste disposal on the roasted ore, and carrying out dry grinding and dry separation or wet grinding and wet separation on the pre-selected rough concentrate of the roasted ore after waste disposal. The beneficial effects are that: the lamination crushing shortens the roasting time of the shaft furnace, achieves the aim of rapid magnetization roasting, improves the productivity, reduces the energy consumption, saves energy and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mineral processing, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for a laminating crushing shaft furnace for refractory iron ore.
Background
The iron ore resources in China are rich in lean ores and few in magnetic ores, the weak magnetic iron ores account for more than 70% of the total reserves, and the weak magnetic iron ores can be magnetically separated after being changed into strong magnetic ores through magnetization roasting treatment, so that iron ore concentrates with the quality meeting the sintering batching requirements can be obtained. The refractory iron ore is crushed to 0-100mm by a jaw crusher or a cone crusher and is sieved into three size ranges of 0-15mm, 15-50mm and 50-100 mm. At present, the size fraction of 0-15mm is mainly treated by a strong magnetic separation process, the grade of iron ore concentrate is only 45-47%, the metal recovery rate is only 65-67%, and the iron ore concentrate can also be treated by a rotary kiln magnetizing roasting method; the refractory iron ore with 15-50mm and 50-100mm grain size fractions is directly roasted by magnetization in a shaft furnace, the roasting time of the shaft furnace is 8-9 hours, and the problems of long roasting time and non-uniform roasted ore quality exist. The national wine Steel group company has 100m3The method comprises the following steps of carrying out 44 shaft furnaces to process 500 million tons of specularite with the grain size of 15-100mm annually, wherein the roasting time is 8-9 hours, and treating the roasted specularite through weak magnetic separation and reverse flotation processes to obtain iron ore concentrate with the iron ore concentrate grade of over 60 percent, but the metal recovery rate is only 75-78 percent, so that the problems of nonuniform roasted mineral content and low metal recovery rate exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for a laminating crushing shaft furnace for refractory iron ores, which aims to solve the problems of long magnetizing roasting time, uneven roasting quality and low metal recovery rate of 15-50mm and 50-100mm refractory iron ores treated by the conventional method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for a refractory iron ore laminating crushing shaft furnace comprises the following steps:
A. crushing refractory iron ore to-100 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill, and screening and grading the refractory iron ore into 0-15mm, 15-50mm and 50-100 mm;
B. b, respectively carrying out gas-based magnetized roasting on the refractory iron ores with the grain sizes of 15-50mm and 50-100mm obtained in the step A by using a shaft furnace, wherein a reducing agent is mixed gas of blast furnace gas and coke oven gas, and cooling roasted ores to 40-50 ℃ after roasting is finished;
C. and carrying out dry type pre-selection waste disposal on the roasted ore, and carrying out dry grinding and dry separation or wet grinding and wet separation on the pre-selected rough concentrate of the roasted ore after waste disposal.
In the step A, the refractory iron ore is crushed to-100 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill and is sieved and classified into 0-15mm, 15-50mm and 50-100 mm. The high pressure roller mill breaks the material, not by breaking or grinding individual particles on the crusher face or between other crushing media, but rather by crushing the ore as a bed of material which is formed under high pressure, the pressure causing the particles to press against other adjacent particles until a major part of them are broken, fractured, cracked or chipped, i.e. the ore is subjected to great pressure, the particles are closer and closer together until they start to transmit stress to each other, and when the stress is greater than the maximum pressure that the particles can withstand, the ore particles start to crush. The high-pressure roller mill not only can effectively crush ores, but also can generate a large number of cracks inside particles, mainly comprising intragranular cracks, intergranular cracks and crystal-crossing cracks, wherein the cracks are widely existed in each ore particle, thereby achieving the effect of weakening iron ore particles, improving the air permeability and grindability of the ores, being beneficial to the overflow and infiltration of magnetized roasting gas, shortening the magnetized roasting time and reducing the magnetized roasting temperature due to good air permeability of the ores.
In the step B, the reducing agent is mixed gas of blast furnace gas and coke oven gas, and the blast furnace gas contains 30.5 percent of CO gas and H22.5% of gas and coke oven gas containing H257.5% of gas and 6.5% of CO gas, CO gas and H2The gas can be used as a reducing agent of refractory iron ore, the volume ratio of the coke oven gas to the blast furnace gas is 15:85, namely the mixed gas contains H210.75% of gas and 26.9% of CO gas; the method comprises the following steps of respectively carrying out gas-based magnetic roasting on refractory iron ores with 15-50mm and 50-100mm size fractions, mainly solving the problems that the size fraction range of the iron ores entering a furnace is too wide and the roasted mineral content is uneven, carrying out magnetic roasting on a shaft furnace at the roasting temperature of 600-650 ℃ for 6-7h, cooling the roasted ores to 40-50 ℃ by water, and entering a sorting process. Crushing with jaw or cone crushersCompared with the magnetic roasting parameters of the refractory iron ore, the roasting time is reduced from 8-9h to 6-7h, the roasting temperature is reduced from 650-700 ℃ to 600-650 ℃, and after the roasting temperature is reduced and the roasting time is reduced, the energy consumption is saved, the productivity is improved, and the purpose of rapid magnetic roasting is achieved.
And C, performing dry pre-selection waste disposal on the cooled roasted ore by adopting a magnetic pulley, and performing dry grinding dry selection or wet grinding wet selection on the waste-removed roasted ore pre-selection rough concentrate to obtain qualified iron concentrate with the grade of more than 60%. After the refractory iron ore is laminated and crushed by the high-pressure roller mill, expansion cracks and cracks are generated on the mineral interface in the ore, so that the strength of the ore is reduced, the mineral dissociation characteristic is improved, compared with a jaw crusher or a cone crusher for crushing roasted ore, the ball milling power index of the roasted ore can be reduced by 9-16% under the ore grinding fineness that-0.074 mm accounts for 75-80%, the energy-saving effect is very obvious, the grade of iron ore concentrate is improved to more than 62% from 60%, and the metal recovery rate is improved to more than 90% from 75-78%.
The refractory iron ore comprises specularite, hematite, limonite, siderite or complex symbiotic iron ore, and the iron ore belongs to weak-magnetic iron ore and can be magnetically separated to obtain high-grade iron ore concentrate after being magnetized and roasted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. according to the invention, a large amount of intragranular cracks, intergranular cracks and transgranular cracks are formed inside the refractory iron ore particles by a lamination crushing method, so that the overflow and infiltration of magnetized roasting gas are facilitated, the problems of long shaft furnace magnetized roasting time, high temperature and low metal recovery rate of 15-50mm and 50-100mm refractory iron ores are solved, the resource utilization rate is improved, and conditions are created for popularization and application of the shaft furnace magnetized roasting process technology of domestic refractory iron ores;
2. the invention shortens the shaft furnace roasting time, achieves the aim of rapid magnetizing roasting, improves the productivity and reduces the energy consumption;
3. the invention obtains the indexes of iron ore concentrate grade of more than 62 percent and metal recovery rate of more than 90 percent;
4. the invention can be used for processing refractory iron ore, the productivity of the shaft furnace magnetizing roasting can be improved by 22-25%, the energy consumption can be reduced by 20%, and the invention has obvious effects of saving energy and reducing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. The refractory iron ore used in the examples below was from distillers' grains and the high pressure roller mill was the existing equipment.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps of treating the extracted 32% specularia refractory iron ore:
A. crushing to 0-100mm by using a high-pressure roller mill, and sieving to obtain three size fractions of 0-15mm, 15-50mm and 50-100 mm.
B. Respectively and directly carrying out high-efficiency magnetic roasting on the refractory iron ores with the thickness of 15-50mm and 50-100mm obtained in the step A by adopting a shaft furnace in a low-temperature short-time shaft furnace, wherein the reducing agent is mixed gas of blast furnace gas and coke oven gas, the volume ratio of the coke oven gas to the blast furnace gas is 15:85, namely the mixed gas contains H210.75 percent of gas and 26.9 percent of CO gas, the roasting time is 6 hours, the roasting temperature is 650 ℃, and the roasted ore is cooled to 40 ℃ after the roasting is finished;
C. the roasted ore is treated by dry pre-selection waste disposal and dry grinding dry separation, and the indexes of 62 percent of iron ore concentrate grade and 91 percent of metal recovery rate are obtained.
Compared with the indexes of the specularite magnetizing roasting and dry grinding dry separation after the crushing of a jaw crusher or a cone crusher adopted by the prior art, the magnetizing roasting time of the shaft furnace is reduced from 8 hours to 6 hours, the roasting temperature is reduced from 700 ℃ to 650 ℃, the iron ore concentrate grade is improved from 60% to 62%, and the metal recovery rate is improved from 75% to 91%. Overall evaluation shows that in the embodiment, the capacity of the shaft furnace for magnetizing roasting is improved by 25 percent, and the energy consumption is reduced by 20 percent.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps of treating the extracted 33% specularia refractory iron ore:
A. crushing to 0-100mm by using a high-pressure roller mill, and sieving to obtain three size fractions of 0-15mm, 15-50mm and 50-100 mm.
B. By means of a vertical shaftRespectively and directly carrying out high-efficiency magnetic roasting on the refractory iron ores with the thickness of 15-50mm and 50-100mm obtained in the step A by the furnace in a low-temperature short-time shaft furnace, wherein the reducing agent is mixed gas of blast furnace gas and coke oven gas, the volume ratio of the coke oven gas to the blast furnace gas is 15:85, namely the mixed gas contains H210.75 percent of gas and 26.9 percent of CO gas, the roasting time is 7 hours, the roasting temperature is 600 ℃, and the roasted ore is cooled to 50 ℃ after roasting and sintering;
C. the roasted ore is treated by dry type pre-selection waste disposal and wet grinding wet separation, and the indexes of 62 percent of iron ore concentrate grade and 90 percent of metal recovery rate are obtained.
Compared with the indexes of specularite magnetizing roasting, wet grinding and wet separation after crushing by a jaw crusher or a cone crusher adopted in the prior art, the magnetizing roasting time of the shaft furnace is reduced from 9 hours to 7 hours, the roasting temperature is reduced from 650 ℃ to 600 ℃, the iron ore concentrate grade is improved from 60% to 62%, and the metal recovery rate is improved from 78% to 90%. Overall evaluation shows that in the embodiment, the capacity of the shaft furnace for magnetizing roasting is improved by 22 percent, and the energy consumption is reduced by 20 percent.
Claims (5)
1. A high-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for a refractory iron ore laminating crushing shaft furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. crushing refractory iron ore to-100 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill, and screening and grading the refractory iron ore into 0-15mm, 15-50mm and 50-100 mm;
B. b, respectively carrying out gas-based magnetized roasting on the refractory iron ores with the grain sizes of 15-50mm and 50-100mm obtained in the step A by using a shaft furnace, wherein a reducing agent is mixed gas of blast furnace gas and coke oven gas, and cooling roasted ores to 40-50 ℃ after roasting is finished;
C. and carrying out dry type pre-selection waste disposal on the roasted ore, and carrying out dry grinding and dry separation or wet grinding and wet separation on the pre-selected rough concentrate of the roasted ore after waste disposal.
2. The high-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for the refractory iron ore laminating crushing shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A, the refractory iron ore is crushed to-100 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill and is sieved and classified into 0-15mm, 15-50mm and 50-100 mm.
3. The high-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for the refractory iron ore laminating crushing shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blast furnace gas and the coke oven gas mixed gas in the step B contains 30.5 percent of CO gas and H gas22.5% of gas and coke oven gas containing H257.5 percent of gas and 6.5 percent of CO gas, and the volume ratio of the coke oven gas to the blast furnace gas is 15:85, namely the mixed gas contains H210.75% of gas and 26.9% of CO gas; the shaft furnace carries out magnetic roasting at the roasting temperature of 650 plus material and 700 ℃ for 6-7h, and roasted ore is cooled to 40-50 ℃ by water and enters a sorting procedure.
4. The high-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for the refractory iron ore laminating crushing shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: and C, performing dry pre-selection waste disposal on the cooled roasted ore by adopting a magnetic pulley, and performing dry grinding dry selection or wet grinding wet selection on the waste-removed roasted ore pre-selection rough concentrate to obtain qualified iron concentrate with the grade of more than 60%.
5. The high-efficiency magnetizing roasting beneficiation method for the refractory iron ore laminating crushing shaft furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the refractory iron ore comprises specularite, hematite, limonite, siderite or complex symbiotic iron ore.
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