CN110746044A - Method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater - Google Patents

Method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110746044A
CN110746044A CN201911042915.8A CN201911042915A CN110746044A CN 110746044 A CN110746044 A CN 110746044A CN 201911042915 A CN201911042915 A CN 201911042915A CN 110746044 A CN110746044 A CN 110746044A
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China
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wastewater
treatment
anaerobic
tank
biological
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CN201911042915.8A
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Inventor
郭雪婷
迟崇哲
刘强
张宇
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Changchun Gold Research Institute
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Changchun Gold Research Institute
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/286—Anaerobic digestion processes including two or more steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pollutant treatment methods in the environmental protection field, and particularly relates to a purification method of high-concentration acidic wastewater, which is characterized by high concentration of organic matters, complex pollutant types and difficult treatment in the wastewater, and firstly selects a borax precipitation method for preliminary treatment; then, a distillation method is adopted for processing, the distillation temperature and the pH value are controlled, the volatilization and the decomposition of the high molecular polymer are inhibited, and the biodegradability of the distilled liquid is good; finally, further treating the organic matters by adopting an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic biological method; the invention adopts borax precipitation method, distillation method and A2The O biological method is combined together, and the advanced treatment is cooperatively carried out on the high-concentration acidic wastewater, so that the problems of complicated treatment links, long period and incapability of stably reaching the standard in the prior art are solved, and the treated effluent meets the connection pipe standard that COD is less than 500 mg/L.

Description

Method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection pollutant treatment methods, and particularly relates to a purification method of high-concentration acidic wastewater.
Background
The high-concentration acidic wastewater has the advantages of generally deep water quality, high COD, low B/C ratio, more difficultly-degraded substances, strong corrosivity, great environmental pollution and difficult treatment, and is always the difficult point and key point of domestic and foreign water treatment research. The waste water has great harm to aquatic ecosystem and human body, after being discharged into water, the waste water has more toxic substances and great water quality change, so that the ecosystem is destroyed, great impact is generated to the environment, the waste water can enter organisms through direct contact, can be accumulated in the organisms for a long time, can be transferred to the human body through a food chain, and can cause diseases such as acute poisoning, chronic poisoning, neurasthenia and the like in severe cases.
The research on high-concentration acidic wastewater in China is relatively late, and the existing purification method of the high-concentration acidic wastewater mainly comprises an advanced oxidation method, a photocatalysis method, a biological method, an adsorption method, a solvent extraction method, an incineration method and the like, and is generally treated by a plurality of pretreatment and biochemical combined processes, wherein the pretreatment mainly has the effects of reducing toxic and harmful substances, improving biodegradability and creating conditions for subsequent biochemical treatment, but the existing pretreatment method has complicated processes and unstable effect, so that the problem that how to simply, quickly and efficiently treat the high-concentration acidic wastewater is urgently needed to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater, which is suitable for purifying the high-concentration acidic wastewater, wherein the high-concentration acidic wastewater refers to acidic wastewater with a COD concentration range of 10000-100000 mg/L, and the problems that the existing purification method is complicated in treatment link, long in period and incapable of achieving the standard stably are solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, placing acid wastewater into a reaction tank, and adding alkali liquor into the acid wastewater to adjust the pH value to be 8-9;
step two, sequentially adding borax, sodium sulfate and ferrous sulfate into the wastewater treated in the step one under the stirring state, reacting for 1-2 h under the stirring state, adding a coagulant aid for coagulation, and standing and precipitating in a precipitation tank after coagulation, wherein the precipitation time is 0.5-2 h;
step three, the waste liquid after precipitation treatment enters a distillation kettle;
step four, the evaporated liquid enters an anaerobic biological tank containing anaerobic granular sludge for treatment;
fifthly, the wastewater after anaerobic treatment enters an anoxic biological tank containing anaerobic particulate sludge for treatment;
step six, the wastewater after the anoxic treatment enters an aerobic biological tank with aerobic activated sludge for treatment;
step seven, the wastewater treated by the aerobic biological tank enters a sedimentation tank, supernatant liquid after sedimentation is discharged, turbid liquid at the lower part flows back to the anaerobic biological tank in the step four for treatment, and the treated effluent can meet the pipe connection standard that COD is less than 500 mg/L.
In the first step, the alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide solution or lime milk, and the stirring time is 0.5 h.
In the second step, the coagulant aid is cationic polyacrylamide, and the coagulant aid is added in a solution state.
In the third step, two-stage condensation is arranged in the distillation kettle, the volume of the distillate is 85% -90% of the total volume of the wastewater entering the distillation kettle, and the distillation residues are incinerated.
In the fourth step, the biological anaerobic hydraulic retention time is 15-20 h, and the type of the anaerobic granular sludge is starch type anaerobic granular sludge.
In the fifth step, the biological anoxic hydraulic retention time is 20-30 h, and the anaerobic granular sludge is the same as the fourth step.
And in the sixth step, the biological aerobic hydraulic power stays for 5-10 h, the aerobic activated sludge in the aerobic biological tank is taken from a municipal sewage treatment plant, an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom of the aerobic tank, air is introduced into the aeration pipe, and the aeration quantity at the bottom of the aerobic tank is controlled to ensure that the dissolved oxygen is 2-4 mg/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
aiming at the characteristics of high concentration of organic matters, complex pollutant types and difficult treatment in high-concentration acidic wastewater, firstly, a borax precipitation method is selected for primary treatment; then, a distillation method is adopted for processing, the distillation temperature and the pH value are controlled, the volatilization and the decomposition of the high molecular polymer are inhibited, and the biodegradability of the distilled liquid is good; and finally, further treating the organic matters by adopting an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic biological method. The invention adopts borax precipitation method, distillation method and A2The O biological method is combined together to carry out advanced treatment on the high-concentration acidic wastewater in a synergic manner so as to solve the existing treatment linkFussy, long period and unable to reach the standard stably, and the treated effluent meets the adapter standard that COD is less than 500 mg/L.
Detailed Description
A method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater comprises the following steps:
step one, placing acid wastewater into a reaction tank, and adding alkali liquor into the acid wastewater to adjust the pH value to be 8-9;
step two, sequentially adding borax, sodium sulfate and ferrous sulfate into the wastewater treated in the step one under the stirring state, reacting for 1-2 h under the stirring state, adding a coagulant aid for coagulation, and standing and precipitating in a precipitation tank after coagulation, wherein the precipitation time is 0.5-2 h;
step three, the waste liquid after precipitation treatment enters a distillation kettle;
step four, the distilled liquid enters an anaerobic biological tank containing anaerobic particulate sludge, and the anaerobic particulate sludge is adopted to convert the organic matter with high molecular weight and difficult degradation in the distilled liquid into the organic matter with low molecular weight and easy degradation;
step five, the wastewater after anaerobic treatment enters an anoxic biological tank containing anaerobic granular sludge, and the organic load is further reduced by adopting the anaerobic granular sludge;
step six, the wastewater after the anoxic treatment enters an aerobic biological tank with aerobic activated sludge for treatment;
step seven, the wastewater treated by the aerobic biological tank enters a sedimentation tank, the supernatant after sedimentation is discharged through the sedimentation tank, the turbid liquid at the lower part flows back to the anaerobic biological tank in the step four for treatment, and the treated effluent can meet the pipe connection standard that COD is less than 500 mg/L.
In the first step, the alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide solution or lime milk, and the stirring time is 0.5 h;
in the second step, the coagulant aid is cationic polyacrylamide, and the coagulant aid is added in a solution state.
In the third step, the distillation kettle comprises a kettle body, a cooler, a stirring device, a feeding port and a discharging port, two-stage condensation is arranged in the distillation kettle, the distillation gas is fully condensed, no distillation gas is generated, the volume of a distillate is 85% -90% of the total volume of the wastewater entering the distillation kettle, and distillation residues are incinerated.
In the fourth step, the biological anaerobic hydraulic retention time is 15-20 h, and the type of the anaerobic granular sludge is starch type anaerobic granular sludge.
In the fifth step, the biological anoxic hydraulic retention time is 20-30 h, and the anaerobic granular sludge is the same as the fourth step.
And in the sixth step, the biological aerobic hydraulic power stays for 5-10 h, the aerobic activated sludge in the aerobic biological tank is taken from a municipal sewage treatment plant, an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom of the aerobic tank, air is introduced into the aeration pipe, and the aeration quantity at the bottom of the aerobic tank is controlled to ensure that the dissolved oxygen is 2-4 mg/L.
Example 1
High-concentration acidic wastewater of a certain enterprise has a pH value of 0.90, a chroma of 100 times, a COD of 42500mg/L and a BOD511900mg/L, NO3-The content is 9720mg/L, and the content of soluble solid is 13300 mg/L.
Treating 2L of the high-concentration acidic wastewater according to the method, wherein 10g/L borax and 5g/L sodium sulfate are added in the step two, 5g/L ferrous sulfate is stirred and reacted for 1 hour, 10mL of polyacrylamide cationic flocculant with the mass percentage content of 0.5 per mill is added, the stirring linear speed is adjusted to 0.1m/s, the stirring is slowly stopped, the precipitation time is 1 hour, the volume of a distillate in the step three is 90 percent of the total volume of wastewater entering a distillation kettle, the biological anaerobic hydraulic retention time in the step four is 20 hours, the biological anoxic hydraulic retention time in the step five is 20 hours, the biological aerobic hydraulic retention time in the step six is 8 hours, a turbid liquid at the lower part of a precipitation tank in the step seven flows back to an anaerobic tank for treatment again, the COD of a discharged liquid is 425mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.8mg/L, and the treated effluent meets the pipe connection standard that the COD is less than 500 mg/L.
Example 2
High-concentration acidic wastewater of a certain enterprise has a pH value of 0.95, a chromaticity of 105 times, a COD of 67900mg/L and a BOD519400mg/L, NO3-10000 mg/L and 23200mg/L of soluble solid content.
Treating the high-concentration acidic wastewater 2L according to the method,
adding 16g/L borax, 8g/L sodium sulfate and 8g/L ferrous sulfate in the second step, stirring and reacting for 2 hours, adding 10mL polyacrylamide cationic flocculant with the mass percentage of 0.5 per thousand, adjusting the stirring linear speed to 0.1m/s, slowly stirring, stopping stirring, setting the settling time to 2 hours, setting the volume of the distillate in the third step to be 85% of the total volume of the wastewater, setting the biological anaerobic hydraulic retention time in the fourth step to be 20 hours, setting the biological anoxic hydraulic retention time in the fifth step to be 30 hours, setting the biological aerobic hydraulic retention time in the sixth step to be 10 hours, returning the turbid liquid at the lower part of the sedimentation tank in the seventh step to an anaerobic tank for treatment again, setting the COD of the discharged liquid to be 458mg/L, setting the ammonia nitrogen to be less than 0.8mg/L, and setting the treated discharged water to meet the pipe connection standard that the COD is less.

Claims (7)

1. A method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, placing acid wastewater into a reaction tank, and adding alkali liquor into the acid wastewater to adjust the pH value to be 8-9;
step two, sequentially adding borax, sodium sulfate and ferrous sulfate into the wastewater treated in the step one under the stirring state, reacting for 1-2 h under the stirring state, adding a coagulant aid for coagulation, and standing and precipitating in a precipitation tank after coagulation, wherein the precipitation time is 0.5-2 h;
step three, the waste liquid after precipitation treatment enters a distillation kettle;
step four, the evaporated liquid enters an anaerobic biological tank containing anaerobic granular sludge for treatment;
fifthly, the wastewater after anaerobic treatment enters an anoxic biological tank containing anaerobic particulate sludge for treatment;
step six, the wastewater after the anoxic treatment enters an aerobic biological tank with aerobic activated sludge for treatment;
step seven, the wastewater treated by the aerobic biological tank enters a sedimentation tank, supernatant liquid after sedimentation is discharged, turbid liquid at the lower part flows back to the anaerobic biological tank in the step four for treatment, and the treated effluent can meet the pipe connection standard that COD is less than 500 mg/L.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the alkali solution is sodium hydroxide solution or lime milk, and the stirring time is 0.5 h.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the coagulant aid is cationic polyacrylamide, and the coagulant aid is added in a solution state.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, two-stage condensation is performed in the distillation still, the volume of the distillate is 85% -90% of the total volume of the wastewater entering the distillation still, and the distillation residue is incinerated.
5. The method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the biological anaerobic hydraulic retention time is 15 h-20 h, and the type of the anaerobic granular sludge is starch type anaerobic granular sludge.
6. The method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the biological anoxic hydraulic retention time is 20-30 h, and the anaerobic granular sludge is the same as the fourth step.
7. The method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the biological aerobic hydraulic retention time is 5-10 h, the aerobic activated sludge in the aerobic biological tank is taken from a municipal sewage treatment plant, an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom of the aerobic tank, air is introduced into the aeration pipe, and the aeration amount at the bottom of the aerobic tank is controlled so that the dissolved oxygen is 2-4 mg/L.
CN201911042915.8A 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 Method for purifying high-concentration acidic wastewater Withdrawn CN110746044A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101209881A (en) * 2006-12-28 2008-07-02 深圳市能源环保有限公司 Method and system for processing leachate of garbage burning factory
KR101616825B1 (en) * 2015-07-31 2016-04-29 주식회사 우리종합기술 Small-scale sewage and wastewater treatment system
CN109437482A (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-03-08 天津市联合环保工程设计有限公司 A kind of the efficient process system and its processing method of pharmaceutical industry production of raw medicine organic wastewater

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101209881A (en) * 2006-12-28 2008-07-02 深圳市能源环保有限公司 Method and system for processing leachate of garbage burning factory
KR101616825B1 (en) * 2015-07-31 2016-04-29 주식회사 우리종합기술 Small-scale sewage and wastewater treatment system
CN109437482A (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-03-08 天津市联合环保工程设计有限公司 A kind of the efficient process system and its processing method of pharmaceutical industry production of raw medicine organic wastewater

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
李公哲编译: "《水质管理之原理》", 10 November 1984 *

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