CN101229944A - Intensified biological treatment method for high strength ammonia wastewater - Google Patents
Intensified biological treatment method for high strength ammonia wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN101229944A CN101229944A CNA2007101208473A CN200710120847A CN101229944A CN 101229944 A CN101229944 A CN 101229944A CN A2007101208473 A CNA2007101208473 A CN A2007101208473A CN 200710120847 A CN200710120847 A CN 200710120847A CN 101229944 A CN101229944 A CN 101229944A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bioaugmentation treatment method of high ammonia nitrogen, belonging to a sewage treatment technology field which adopts the combined process of anaerobic-hypoxia-aerobic. All the used reactors are biology filtering pool reactor and the inner of the reactor is filled with a macroporous poly urethano carrier. In the domestication and culture process of the biology filtering pool biology membrane, compound microorganism of a high efficiency is added. The high ammonia nitrogen water is processed by a strengthening immobilization technology. The detail functions of each unit are referred to the specification. The invention has the advantages that the two kinds of technologies of biology filtering and the bioaugmentation are combined with the strengthening immobilization technology; the carbon and nitrogen pollution in the leachate are removed. As an effective combined biology treatment method, the invention also has the advantages of high removal efficiency of nitrogen and non-need additional organic carbon source; the high efficiency of bacteria fixedly growing on the carrier, reducing the inhibition effect of the high ammonia nitrogen to the biology, avoiding the draining of the bacteria in the traditional method, having the strong ability of bearing the water inlet pollutants load changes and ability of resisting the system impact. Therefore, the invention is.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of waste water treatment, specifically relate to a kind of biological enhanced processing method of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, this method is that biological filter and biological reinforced combining by immobilization technology are removed the treatment process of pollutents such as high ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and organism in the waste water, is applicable to the processing of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewaters such as city domestic refuse percolation liquid, breeding wastewater, coking chemical waste water and anaerobic sludge digestion liquid.
Background technology
The main existence form of nitrogen element in waste water has molecular nitrogen, organic nitrogen, ammonia-state nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, and part is present in the nitrogen in sulfohydrate and the prussiate, in untreated raw wastewater, organonitrogen and ammonia nitrogen are the main existence forms of nitrogen.Because the toxic action of ammonia nitrogen, the carcinogenesis of nitrate and nitride are to the acidifying and the eutrophication of the ecosystem, river, lake, coastal ocean, nitrogenous compound is being played the part of more and more important role in water pollution problems, especially high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater causes concern widely especially, is the difficult point in the nitrogenous effluent treatment.
Discharge the city life garbage landfill that has of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, and industrial sectors such as iron and steel, chemical fertilizer, pharmacy, petrochemical complex, inorganic chemical industry, iron alloy, glass manufacturing, meat processing and fodder production, the kind of pollutent is different and ever-changing because of industry with concentration in these waste water, even its concentration of waste water of the different factories of similar industry also has nothing in common with each other, change bigger.
For the high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater Processing Technology, a large amount of effective treatment process have appearred in development through nearly decades, have formed the technical system of denitrogenation of waste water, sum up and get up to mainly contain two big class, i.e. physico-chemical process and biological processes.
The physico-chemical process denitrogenation is mainly based on methods such as the gentle formulation of stripping, break point chlorination method, ion exchange method, chemical precipitation method, electroosmose process and catalytic wet air oxidations.But ammonia stripping, stripping process all easily generate incrustation scale, and blow-off method removes ammonia and is not suitable for using in the winter of cold because water temperature when low stripping efficient low.Break point chlorination method effect is good, not influenced by water temperature, but too high for the treatment operating costs of high-concentration ammonia nitrogenous wastewater, and by product chloramines and chlorinatedorganic can cause secondary pollution.Ion exchange method reduced investment, operation are comparatively convenient, and ammonia nitrogen removal frank is also very high, but nitric nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and organonitrogen are not removed ability.Chemical precipitation method is simple to operate, but the working cost height needs additional mud tripping device, and easily causes secondary pollution.Electroosmose process need not to add medicines such as oxygenant, flocculation agent, and is easy and simple to handle; But its energy consumption is big, and the cost height also exists side reactions such as analysing the oxygen liberation of hydrogen.Catalytic wet oxidation method operational condition is comparatively harsh, and energy consumption is bigger.
Contrast above-mentioned physico-chemical process, the bio-denitrification technology scope of application is the widest, and non-secondary pollution, is comparatively cost-effective treatment technology.Biological denitrificaion is meant the itrogenous organic substance in the sewage, is decomposed by the heterotroph microbiological oxidation in biological treatment process, is converted into ammonia nitrogen, and then is translated into NO by the autotrophic type nitrifier
3 -, at last again by denitrifying bacteria with NO
3 -Be reduced to N
2Thereby, reach the process of the purpose of denitrogenation.
Along with economy and science and technology development, the improving constantly of people's Environmental awareness and water surrounding standard, traditional activated sludge process and on the conventional activated sludge process basis, transform the A/O method that forms, A
2Though played certain effect aspect denitrogenation, still there are a lot of problems in technologies such as/O method, and big as floor space, organic loading is low, and the low temperature aging rate is low, and power consumption and working cost are high; And when handling high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, because the free ammonia of high density can suppress the activity of nitrobacteria, it is up to standard to cause water outlet to be difficult to; High ammonia-nitrogen wastewater for low C/N ratio then will often add extra carbon source.
The biological reinforcing technology that produces twentieth century the seventies and eighties can improve the effluent quality of treatment system by add high-effective microorganism in reactive system, and it is remarkable to removing high ammonia nitrogen effect in the waste water especially to add high efficiency nitrification bacterium and denitrifying bacteria.But because the Black Liquor with Efficient Bacteria that adds often is suspended in the system, inactivation and loss take place easily, can not effectively separate with water outlet, add for a long time and can increase cost of water treatment, the widespread use of biological reinforcing technology is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art part, and provides a kind of biological filter and biological reinforced combining by immobilization technology to handle the method for high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater.
By going deep into the water quality characteristic of various high ammonia-nitrogen wastewaters, the inside and outside process for treating high ammonia nitrogen waste water of comprehensive comparator at the difficulty in treatment of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, is developed the method for the biological reinforced processing of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, i.e. biological filter+biological reinforced combination process.This technology not only effectively with organism and high ammonia nitrogen removal, can also reach the nitrogen removal rate of 60-90%.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: employing be anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic combination process, the reactor used biological filter reactor that is, the inner macropore polyurethane-base carrier of filling, in biological filter microbial film domestication culturing process, add effectively compound microbial, by immobilization technology intensive treatment high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater; The step that comprises following order:
Anaerobism and anaerobic treatment: pretreated high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater passes through anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank in proper order, and most of organism and toxicant in the waste water are degraded, and wherein organonitrogen are degraded to ammonia nitrogen, for follow-up processing is laid substantially; Simultaneously, can remove oxynitride in the recirculation water by denitrification;
Aerobic treatment: the water outlet of anoxic filter tank enters the BAF reactor, carry out nitration reaction completely, remove high ammonia nitrogen, remove a part of total nitrogen and remaining organism simultaneously, effluent recycling is in anaerobic filter or anoxic filter tank, backflow route and backflow ratio are decided according to the water quality situation of reality, to remove the oxynitride of the remainder that the BAF section produces, guarantee that the water outlet ammonia nitrogen concentration reaches below the 15mg/L.
The quantity of anaerobic filter, anoxic filter tank, BAF and volumetric ratio according to handled high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater water source is different can appropriate change.
When influent ammonium concentration during greater than 1500mg/L, effluent recycling is mixed into reactor to anaerobic filter with water inlet, to reduce influent ammonium concentration, alleviates the restraining effect to microorganism; Influent ammonium concentration is during less than 1500mg/L, and effluent recycling is to the anoxic filter tank, to remove the oxynitride of the remainder that the BAF section produces.
The macropore polyurethane-base bio-carrier that adopts in the system, its wet density and water are worked as, and are suspended in the reactor, and are difficult for the conjunctiva obstruction between the fluidized carrier, and reactor need not back flushing.
The effectively compound microbial that adds can be fixed on the surperficial and inner of macropore polyurethane-base carrier certainly, and the microorganism after fixing is difficult for running off, load of microorganisms amount height.
In the BAF reactor, because the immobilization role of macropore polyurethane-base carrier and effectively compound microbial, make carrier inside form anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic microenvironment simultaneously, the synchronous nitration and denitrification reaction takes place in the reactor, in nitrated fully, remove a part of total nitrogen.
The effectively compound microbial that is adopted is Biosystem B series product
Each process section conditions needed is in the treating processes: the temperature in anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank remains between 30-35 ℃, and water inlet pH value is adjusted between the 6.8-7.5; The temperature of BAF remains between 20-30 ℃, and pH regulator is between the 6.5-8.5, and dissolved oxygen is adjusted between the 2.0-6.0mg/L.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology: effectively combine biological filter and biological reinforced two kinds of technologies by immobilization technology, can remove pollution such as carbon and nitrogen in the percolate simultaneously, also can decolour simultaneously, deodorizing; The nitric efficiency height need not to add organic carbon source; The Black Liquor with Efficient Bacteria fixed growth has alleviated the restraining effect of high ammonia nitrogen to biology on carrier; Owing to adopted immobilization technology, make that biomass is very big in the system, biological species enriches, contain tyrothricin, stock bacterium and coccus etc., a large amount of zoogloeas are arranged, and the nitrifier that grows generation time, denitrifying bacteria etc. can effectively be fixed on the carrier, have avoided the loss of bacterium in the traditional method; Bearing the very capable of into water pollutant load variation, the ability of opposing system shock is arranged, is a kind of efficient combined biological treatment method.
Know-why of the present invention is: at first adopt anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank to produce methane reaction by denitrification, acidication and anaerobism and remove most of organism and oxynitride, organonitrogen is converted into ammonia nitrogen.Anoxic filter tank water outlet middle and high concentration ammonia nitrogen and remaining organism are further degraded in follow-up BAF, complete nitration reaction takes place, remove high ammonia nitrogen, remove a part of total nitrogen and remaining organism simultaneously, effluent recycling is to anaerobic filter or anoxic filter tank (backflow route and backflow ratio are decided according to the water quality situation of reality), remove the oxynitride of the remainder of BAF section generation, make water outlet ammonia nitrogen qualified discharge.
Concrete steps are performed as follows:
High ammonia-nitrogen wastewater transfers pH in equalizing tank between 6.8-7.5, enters anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank, removes most of organism, oxynitride and toxicant, and organonitrogen is changed into ammonia nitrogen;
The water outlet of anoxic filter tank enters BAF, thorough nitrated removal ammonia nitrogen, remove simultaneously a part of total nitrogen and remaining can biochemical organism, the water outlet ammonia nitrogen is lower than 15mg/L.
Wherein:
In the equalizing tank, the pH value of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater transfers between the 6.8-7.5, and various high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater water quality difference are very big, even with a kind of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, variation water quality is also very big, and pH value fluctuation range is very wide, and the adjusting medicament of employing is an acetic acid, hydrochloric acid or calcium oxide.
Used biological filter inside reactor is all filled macropore polyurethane-base carrier, adds the effectively compound microbial reinforcer in biological filter microbial film domestication culturing process, makes it be fixed on carrier surface and inside.
Reactor at first adopts the artificial distribution behind the adjust pH to tame, and progressively strengthens the ratio of actual high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater in the artificial distribution, until advancing actual high NH4 source water fully.Anaerobism and anoxic filter tank temperature remain between 30-35 ℃, and hydraulic detention time is 12-48h, and the COD volumetric loading can be up to 20kg/ (m
3D), clearance is 70-90%, and nitrous oxides concentration significantly reduces in the water outlet of anoxic filter tank.In the BAF because the immobilization role of effectively compound microbial, can make carrier inside form anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic microenvironment, nitrifier is fixed on the carrier top layer, denitrifying bacteria is fixed on carrier inside, the environment of having created for the synchronous nitration and denitrification reaction helps the removal of total nitrogen.The BAF temperature remains between 20-30 ℃, and the residence time is 12-36h, and dissolved oxygen concentration is 2-6mg/L; The COD volumetric loading can be up to 10kg/ (m
3D), clearance is 65-98%; The ammonia nitrogen volumetric loading can reach 0.5-2.0kg/ (m
3D), clearance is up to 99%; BAF part nitrogen removal rate can reach 50-70%, and the water part is back in anaerobic filter or the anoxic filter tank, carries out the further removal of residual nitrogen oxide compound.
The present invention is a kind of method of efficient processing high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, can be applicable to any high-concentration ammonia-nitrogen, the wastewater treatment that variation water quality is big.
The process of embodiments of the present invention is: the sample of getting percolate, pharmaceutical factory waste water and coking chemical waste water respectively enters equalizing tank, regulate the pH value between 6.8-7.5, enter anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank then and remove organism and oxynitride, water outlet enters BAF again and further removes the ammonia nitrogen in the water and remain organic pollutant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and 3 embodiment, the present invention is further specified, but the present invention is not only limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt the inventive method treating refuse percolate, adopt the combined reactor of one-level anaerobic filter+one-level anoxic filter tank+three grades of BAF, the effectively compound microbial that is adopted is Biosystem B350 and Bll0.Former water COD
CrConcentration is 3800-24000mg/L, NH
4 +-N concentration is 1050-2100 mg/L, and anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank water temperature are controlled at 30-35 ℃, and the BAF water temperature is controlled at 20-28 ℃, and total residence time is 96h, final outflow water COD
CrConcentration is 260-950mg/L, NH
4 +-N concentration is 2.0-30.0mg/L.COD
CrAverage removal rate reaches more than 90%, NH
4 +-N average removal rate reaches more than 99%.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt the inventive method to handle the dilution water of pharmaceutical factory factory effluent, adopt the combined reactor of two-stage anoxic filter tank+three grades of BAF, the effectively compound microbial that is adopted is Biosystem B350 and B500.Water inlet COD
CrConcentration is 950-2500mg/L, NH
4 +-N concentration is 300-450mg/L, and anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank water temperature are controlled at 30-35 ℃, and the BAF water temperature is controlled at 25-30 ℃, and total residence time is 72h, final outflow water COD
CrConcentration is 50-150mg/L, NH
4 +-N concentration is 1.0-6.0mg/L.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt the inventive method Treatment of Wastewater in Coking, adopt the combined reactor of one-level anaerobic filter+one-level anoxic filter tank+TSA biological filter, the effectively compound microbial that is adopted is Biosystem B350.Water inlet COD
CrConcentration is 3500-5000mg/L, NH
4 +-N concentration is 450-700mg/L, and anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank water temperature are controlled at 30-35 ℃, and the BAF water temperature is controlled at 20-30 ℃, and total residence time is 36-48h, final outflow water COD
CrConcentration is 80-130mg/L, NH
4 +-N concentration is 0.2-1.5mg/L.
By above-mentioned example as seen, the inventive method all has good treatment effect for different types of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater.
Claims (8)
1. the biological enhanced processing method of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, what it is characterized in that adopting is anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic combination process, the reactor used biological filter reactor that is, the inner macropore polyurethane-base carrier of filling, in biological filter microbial film domestication culturing process, add effectively compound microbial, by immobilization technology intensive treatment high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater; The step that comprises following order:
Anaerobism and anaerobic treatment: pretreated high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater passes through anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank in proper order, and most of organism and toxicant in the waste water are degraded, and wherein organonitrogen are degraded to ammonia nitrogen, for follow-up processing is laid substantially; Simultaneously, can remove oxynitride in the recirculation water by denitrification;
Aerobic treatment: the water outlet of anoxic filter tank enters the BAF reactor, carry out nitration reaction completely, remove high ammonia nitrogen, remove a part of total nitrogen and remaining organism simultaneously, effluent recycling is in anaerobic filter or anoxic filter tank, backflow route and backflow ratio are decided according to the water quality situation of reality, to remove the oxynitride of the remainder that the BAF section produces, guarantee that the water outlet ammonia nitrogen concentration reaches below the 15mg/L.
2. the biological enhanced processing method of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1 is characterized in that the quantity and the volumetric ratio of anaerobic filter, anoxic filter tank, BAF, according to handled high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater water source difference, and can appropriate change.
3. the biological enhanced processing method of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that effluent recycling is mixed into reactor to anaerobic filter with water inlet when influent ammonium concentration during greater than 1500mg/L, to reduce influent ammonium concentration, alleviate restraining effect to microorganism; Influent ammonium concentration is during less than 1500mg/L, and effluent recycling is to the anoxic filter tank, to remove the oxynitride of the remainder that the BAF section produces.
4. the biological enhanced processing method of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the macropore polyurethane-base bio-carrier that adopts in the system, its wet density and water are worked as, and are suspended in the reactor, and be difficult for conjunctiva between the fluidized carrier and stop up, reactor need not back flushing.
5. the biological enhanced processing method of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1 is characterized in that the effectively compound microbial that adds can be fixed on the surperficial and inner of macropore polyurethane-base carrier certainly, and the microorganism after fixing is difficult for running off, load of microorganisms amount height.
6. the biological enhanced processing method of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the BAF reactor, because the immobilization role of macropore polyurethane-base carrier and effectively compound microbial, make carrier inside form anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic microenvironment simultaneously, the synchronous nitration and denitrification reaction takes place in the reactor, removes a part of total nitrogen in nitrated fully.
7. the biological enhanced processing method of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1 is characterized in that the effectively compound microbial that is adopted is Biosystem B series product.
8. the biological enhanced processing method of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that each process section conditions needed is in the treating processes: the temperature in anaerobic filter and anoxic filter tank remains between 30-35 ℃, and water inlet pH value is adjusted between the 6.8-7.5; The temperature of BAF remains between 20-30 ℃, and pH regulator is between the 6.5-8.5, and dissolved oxygen is adjusted between the 2.0-6.0mg/L.
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