CN110738909B - Radiation and contraction dynamic image method for realizing jellyfish-like image set - Google Patents
Radiation and contraction dynamic image method for realizing jellyfish-like image set Download PDFInfo
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- CN110738909B CN110738909B CN201910976872.4A CN201910976872A CN110738909B CN 110738909 B CN110738909 B CN 110738909B CN 201910976872 A CN201910976872 A CN 201910976872A CN 110738909 B CN110738909 B CN 110738909B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/22—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for optics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
Abstract
A radiation and contraction dynamic image method for realizing jellyfish-like image collection is characterized in that two equal-size strip-shaped plane mirrors are respectively fixed on two movable hinge pages, an elastic belt can control the size of an included angle between the two plane mirrors and the overall position of the two plane mirrors in space, and a vertical intersecting line extension line of a graphometer is fixed on a horizontal plane; the method for researching the law of imaging radiation and contraction motion by the jellyfish-shaped vortex ring motion with the motion direction changed alternately generated by non-electric power for a long time is ingenious in conception, extremely simple and easy to manufacture, obvious in effect and capable of being popularized to schools in China and science and technology museums.
Description
Technical Field
The patent relates to demonstrating radiation diffusion and contraction dynamic images of a moving jellyfish-like object in plane mirror imaging with a variable included angle, and belongs to the field of physical experiments.
Background
In geometric optics, imaging is one of important contents in teaching, the imaging is widely applied in the fields of physical experiments, scientific education and toys, such as infinite parallel peeping demonstration of two plane mirrors (a semi-permeable membrane mirror), kaleidoscope demonstration in triangular prism distribution and the like, in order to increase interest in understanding of imaging of the plane mirrors by students, kaleidoscope designed by people is very popular, images of kaleidoscope in the prior art are static, or a lens barrel is rotated, or an imaged object is artificially rotated or shaken by a motor, and the like, the included angle between the plane mirrors is fixed, images of different included angles of the plane mirrors cannot be seen in one device for comparison, the physical contents dynamically expressed by the kaleidoscope are not deeply carved, novelty and creativity are lacked, and how to realize imaging of the plane mirror with variable angles (variable included angles) is realized, and the dynamic objects do not depend on electric power, electricity, the patent aims to solve the problem of how to realize a comprehensive new experiment which is ingenious in conception, simple and easy to implement, low in cost and convenient for students to explore and research by manually driving and dynamically radiating and contracting an alternatively changed imaging image for a long time. The method is completed under the support of national natural fund projects (project numbers are 11805107 and 11405092), basic business cost scientific research projects (project number is 135209251) of high schools belonging to provinces of Heilongjiang province and high schools and application projects (project number is SJGY 20170385).
Disclosure of Invention
The patent is a physical demonstration experiment method for deeply demonstrating some dynamic characteristics of two plane mirrors, and emphasizes on solving the problem that an elastic band controls different included angles and spatial positions between the two plane mirrors, and the imaging is influenced by the movement of an eddy ring (jellyfish-shaped) with the movement direction changed alternately generated by non-electric power for a long time.
This patent technical scheme: a radiation and contraction dynamic image method for realizing a jellyfish-like image set mainly comprises a horizontal flat plate, a central groove, a lighting lamp, an eddy current ring automatic former, an eddy current ring, a plane mirror, an elastic belt, a hinge, a semi-circular instrument and an observation hole, and is characterized in that: two strip-shaped plane mirrors with the same size are respectively fixed on two movable hinges (the reflecting surfaces are opposite, the included angle between the two strip-shaped plane mirrors can be changed within the range of 0-180 degrees), a central groove is arranged at the central shaft of the horizontal plane, and hinge shafts on the plane mirrors are positioned in the central groove (the position for limiting the vertex angles (top edges) of the two plane mirrors); an elastic belt is wound around the edges of the two long-strip plane mirrors, and the two ends of the elastic belt are fixed on the horizontal flat plate after being stretched (tensioned); the elastic band can control the included angle size between the two plane mirrors and the overall position of the two plane mirrors in the space, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the elastic belt is pulled up and is not contacted with the two plane mirrors, the included angle between the two plane mirrors and the diagonal line of the two plane mirrors are adjusted to be at the vertical position, then the elastic belt is released and is contacted with the two plane mirrors, and thus the included angle between the two plane mirrors and the position in space are determined; the edges of the two long-strip-shaped plane mirrors are subjected to chamfering treatment to prevent the elastic belt from being cut off, the elastic belt is an elastic belt with a larger elastic coefficient, grooves with equal intervals are formed in the surface of the elastic belt, the width of each groove is equal to the thickness of the plane mirror, and the grooves of the elastic belt face the plane mirror and are in contact with the edges of the plane mirror (the friction between the grooves and the elastic belt is increased); the middle point of the bottom edge of a graphometer (protractor) with an observation hole is superposed with the extension line of the intersection line of the reflecting surfaces of the two strip-shaped plane mirrors, and the extension line of the vertical intersection line of the graphometer is fixed on the horizontal flat plate; the vortex ring automatic generator is fixed on the horizontal flat plate, and the motion direction of a vortex ring in the vortex ring automatic generator is on an extension plane of an equal division plane of an included angle between two elongated plane mirrors (ensuring that the image of the vortex ring can be observed through an observation hole of a semi-circular instrument); the illuminating lamp is fixed on the horizontal flat plate.
As shown in the schematic diagram of the imaging rule of FIG. 1, according to the mirror imaging rule, the study object moves from the position of time T S1 to the position of time t + Δ t S2, the mirror BO is imaged and moves to the position of S2(BO) corresponding to the position of S1(BO) for the first imaging, and then moves to the position of S2(BO-OA) corresponding to the position of S1(BO-OA) for the second imaging, and imaging is performed sequentially, so that a large number of visual images of objects moving from the center to the outside can be seen at the viewing port, and similarly, the object moves to S1 from S2, and a large number of visual images of objects moving from the outside to the center can be seen at the viewing port through multiple imaging.
Referring to fig. 2, the vortex ring (jellyfish) automatic former: a perforated rubber ring a is fixed on the inner side of the outer cylinder, a glass tube is sleeved with the rubber ring b, the inner diameter of the rubber ring a is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber ring b, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are transparent, a perforated rubber plug c is arranged at the opening of the inner cylinder, the outer diameter of the communicating tube (rubber tube) is matched with the aperture of the perforated rubber plug c and the aperture of the perforated rubber ring a, and the communicating tube penetrates through the hole of the perforated rubber plug c and the hole of the perforated rubber ring a to be sealed and fixed, so that the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are fixedly communicated (isobaric, and liquid of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is prevented; experimental parameters: at normal temperature, 20-25% concentration salt water is filled in the inner cylinder, clear water is filled in the outer cylinder, the thickness of a thin iron sheet fixed at the bottom of the inner cylinder is 0.055mm, the aperture on the iron sheet is 0.396mm, vortex rings like jellyfish can appear, one vortex ring follows the other vortex ring to be larger, the phenomenon is periodically and alternately appeared up and down, namely, the initial inner cylinder salt water passes through a hole to move downwards on the outer cylinder to form a string of vortex rings (jellyfish-shaped vortex rings), the downward movement is stopped after a certain time, the string of vortex rings formed by the liquid of the outer cylinder to the inner cylinder reversely are formed (the phenomenon that points punched on paper by a dotting timer in an experiment for measuring the gravity acceleration gradually become jellyfish-shaped vortex rings and become small and larger is a novel and interesting phenomenon), if the inner cylinder is filled with 50 ml of 20% salt water, the phenomenon can last for more than 24 hours, researchers can repeatedly observe other apertures, if the glass tubes with the aperture of 2.5mm length of 3, the requirements cannot be met.
During the experiment, the device is placed in a dark place of ambient light, the light source is started to irradiate the automatic vortex ring forming device, the observation hole can see that a large number of images are converged and contracted towards the center when the vortex ring moves downwards (moves towards the vertex angle direction of the two plane mirrors), and a large number of images are radiated and diffused outwards from the center when the vortex ring moves upwards (moves towards the direction far away from the vertex angle of the two plane mirrors); when the included angles between the two plane mirrors are adjusted to be different (the included angles are measured by an angle measuring instrument), the included angles of the motion directions of a large number of images are different.
The included angle formation of image law to between the two level mirrors is helped, and the production formation of image assembles and the understanding of radiation diffusion effect, and the effect of single object direction of motion and global motion also helps arousing the jellyfish form motion exploration that appears in turn simultaneously, and the increase is interesting, and novelty arouses the desire of exploring, and the easy contrast research of audio-visual image.
Its unique character of this patent is obviously different with prior art, has realized at different contained angles and spatial position between two level mirrors of elastic webbing control, and the method of imaging radiation and shrink motion law is researched by the vortex ring (jellyfish form) motion of the long-time automatic motion direction change of non-electric power, conceives ingeniously, and the preparation is extremely simple and easy, and the effect is obvious, promotes in the teaching and can increase more educational functions.
Drawings
Fig. 1, a two-plane mirror imaging principle diagram,
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure and phenomena of an automatic vortex ring (jellyfish-like) forming device,
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the patent. Wherein: 1. the device comprises a horizontal flat plate, 1-1 central groove, 2 illuminating lamp, 3 eddy current ring automatic former, 3-1 eddy current ring, 4 plane mirror, 5 elastic belt, 6 hinge, 7 semicircular instrument and 7-1 observation hole.
Detailed Description
As shown in the attached figure 3: a method for realizing a radiation and contraction dynamic image of a jellyfish-like image set mainly comprises a horizontal flat plate 1, a central groove 1-1, a lighting lamp 2, an eddy current ring automatic former 3, an eddy current ring 3-1, a plane mirror 4, an elastic belt 5, a hinge 6, a semi-circular instrument 7 and an observation hole 7-1, and is characterized in that: two strip-shaped plane mirrors 4 with equal size are respectively fixed on two movable hinges 6 (the reflecting surfaces are opposite, the included angle between the two strip-shaped plane mirrors can be changed within the range of 0-180 degrees), a central groove 1-1 is arranged at the central shaft of the horizontal plane 1, and the hinge 6 shaft on the plane mirror 4 is positioned in the central groove 1-1 [ the position for limiting the vertex angle (top edge) of the two plane mirrors 4 ]; an elastic webbing 5 is around two rectangular shape level crossing 4 edges, fixes both ends on horizontal plate 1 after 5 tensile (taut) elastic webbing 5 [ elastic webbing 5 can control the contained angle size between the level crossing 4 and the overall position in space of level crossing 4, the concrete way: the elastic belt 5 is pulled up and is not in contact with the two plane mirrors 4, the included angle between the two plane mirrors 4 and the diagonal line of the two plane mirrors 4 are adjusted to be at the vertical position, then the elastic belt 5 is released, the elastic belt 5 is in contact with the two plane mirrors 4, the included angle between the two plane mirrors 4 and the position in space are determined, the edges of the two strip-shaped plane mirrors 4 are subjected to chamfering treatment to prevent the elastic belt 5 from being cut off, the elastic belt 5 is the elastic belt 5 with a larger elastic coefficient, grooves with equal intervals are formed in the surface of the elastic belt 5, the width of each groove is equal to the thickness of each plane mirror 4, and the grooves of the elastic belt 5 are in contact with the edges of the plane mirrors 4 towards the plane mirrors 4; the midpoint of the bottom edge of a semicircle instrument (angulometer) 7 with an observation hole 7-1 is superposed with the extension line of the intersection line of the reflecting surfaces of the two strip-shaped plane mirrors 4, and the extension line of the vertical intersection line of the semicircle instrument 7 is fixed on the horizontal flat plate 1; the vortex ring automatic generator 3 is fixed on the horizontal flat plate 1, and the motion direction of a vortex ring 3-1 in the vortex ring automatic generator 3 is on an extension plane of an equal division plane of an included angle between two strip-shaped plane mirrors 4 (ensuring that an image of the vortex ring 3-1 can be observed through an observation hole 7-1 of a semi-circular instrument 7); the illuminating lamp 2 is fixed on the horizontal flat plate 1.
Referring to fig. 2, the swirl ring (jellyfish-like swirl ring) automatic former: a perforated rubber ring a is fixed on the inner side of the outer cylinder, a glass tube is sleeved with the rubber ring b, the inner diameter of the rubber ring a is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber ring b, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are transparent, a perforated rubber plug c is arranged at the opening of the inner cylinder, the outer diameter of the communicating tube (rubber tube) is matched with the aperture of the perforated rubber plug c and the aperture of the perforated rubber ring a, and the communicating tube penetrates through the hole of the perforated rubber plug c and the hole of the perforated rubber ring a to be sealed and fixed, so that the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are fixedly communicated (isobaric, and liquid of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is prevented; experimental parameters: at normal temperature, 20-25% saline water is filled in the inner cylinder, clear water is filled in the outer cylinder, the thickness of a thin iron sheet fixed at the bottom of the inner cylinder is 0.055mm, and the aperture on the iron sheet is 0.396 mm. Note that other pore diameters, such as a 2.5mm long 3.1cm glass tube, are susceptible to cross-flow and do not meet the requirements.
During the experiment, the device is placed in a slightly dark place of ambient light, the illuminating lamp 2 is started to irradiate the automatic vortex ring forming device 3, and the observation hole 7-1 can see that a large number of images are converged and shrunk towards the center when the vortex ring 3-1 moves downwards (moves towards the vertex angle direction of the two plane mirrors), and a large number of images are radiated and diffused outwards from the center when the vortex ring 3-1 moves upwards (moves towards the direction far away from the vertex angle direction of the two plane mirrors); when the included angles between the two plane mirrors 4 are adjusted to be different (the included angles are measured by the semi-circular instrument 7), the included angles of the motion directions of a large number of images are different.
It is to be understood that this description is only illustrative and explanatory of the spirit and nature of this patent, and that any modifications and alterations from this patent are intended to fall within the scope of this patent.
Claims (3)
1. A radiation and contraction dynamic image method for realizing jellyfish-like image set is mainly composed of a horizontal flat plate, a central groove, a lighting lamp, an eddy current ring automatic former, a plane mirror, an elastic belt, a hinge, a semi-circular instrument and an observation hole, and is characterized in that: two flat mirrors with the same size are respectively fixed on two movable hinges, a central groove is arranged at the central shaft of the horizontal flat plate, and hinge shafts on the flat mirrors are positioned in the central groove; an elastic band winds two level crossing edges, fixes the elastic band both ends after tensile on the horizontal plate, and the elastic band can control the contained angle size between the two level crossings and the overall position of two level crossings in the space, and the specific way is: the elastic belt is pulled up and is not contacted with the two plane mirrors, the included angle between the two plane mirrors and the diagonal line of the two plane mirrors are adjusted to be at the vertical position, then the elastic belt is released and is contacted with the two plane mirrors, so that the included angle between the two plane mirrors and the position in space are determined, the edges of the two plane mirrors are chamfered, the elastic belt is prevented from being cut off, grooves with equal intervals are arranged on the surface of the elastic belt, the width of each groove is equal to the thickness of the plane mirror, and the grooves of the elastic belt are contacted with the edges of the plane mirrors towards the plane mirrors; the middle point of the bottom edge of the graphometer with the observation hole is superposed with the extension line of the intersection line of the reflecting surfaces of the two plane mirrors, and the extension line of the vertical intersection line of the graphometer is fixed on the horizontal flat plate; automatic vortex ring former: the inner side of the outer cylinder is fixed with a rubber ring a with holes, the inner cylinder is a glass tube sleeved with the rubber ring b, the inner diameter of the rubber ring a is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber ring b, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are transparent, the opening of the inner cylinder is provided with a rubber plug c with holes, the outer diameter of the communicating tube is matched with the aperture of the rubber plug c with holes and the aperture of the rubber ring a with holes, the communicating tube penetrates through the holes of the rubber plug c with holes and the holes of the rubber ring a with holes to be sealed and fixed, so that the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are fixedly communicated, the automatic vortex ring generator is fixed on a horizontal flat plate and can generate vortex rings, and the motion direction of the vortex rings is on an extension; the illuminating lamp is fixed on the horizontal flat plate.
2. A method for realizing a radial and contraction dynamic image of a jellyfish-like image set as claimed in claim 1, wherein: experimental parameters of the vortex ring automatic former: at normal temperature, 20-25% concentration salt water is filled in the inner cylinder, clear water is filled in the outer cylinder, the thickness of a fixed thin iron sheet at the bottom of the inner cylinder is 0.055mm, and the aperture on the iron sheet is 0.396 mm; the experimental phenomenon of the vortex ring automatic forming device is as follows: the vortex rings are like jellyfish, and one vortex ring is changed from small to large, and the phenomenon is that the vortex rings are periodically and alternately up and down, namely, the initial inner cylinder salt water through hole is communicated and moves downwards to form a string of jellyfish-shaped vortex rings, the downward movement is stopped after a certain time, and the liquid in the outer cylinder is reversed to form a string of vortex rings towards the inner cylinder.
3. A method for realizing a radial and contraction dynamic image of a jellyfish-like image set as claimed in claim 1, wherein: during the experiment, the device is placed in a dark place of ambient light, the light source is started to irradiate the automatic vortex ring forming device, a large number of images are converged and contracted towards the center when the vortex ring moves downwards, and a large number of images are radiated and diffused outwards from the center when the vortex ring moves upwards; when the included angles between the two plane mirrors are adjusted to be different, the included angles of the motion directions of a large number of images are different.
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