CN110738596B - Method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into three-dimensional map - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for importing CAD (computer-aided design) engineering drawing elements into a three-dimensional map, wherein the CAD engineering drawing and the three-dimensional map have the same coordinate system, a plurality of floors and a camera drawing are arranged in the CAD engineering drawing, and the bottom of the camera is correspondingly marked with a camera ID (identity) code; and outputting the information in the CAD engineering drawing to an EXCEL table, classifying all coordinate points, acquiring all coordinate points of each floor, performing aggregation operation on point positions of each subarea, and associating the camera with the camera ID code. According to the invention, the cameras in the CAD engineering drawing are led into the three-dimensional map in batch, the point positions of the cameras are automatically marked, the positions of the cameras on each floor in the three-dimensional map are displayed more quickly and accurately, the working efficiency is improved, and the practicability is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of data conversion, and particularly relates to a method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into a three-dimensional map.
Background
With the development of society, artificial intelligence plays a great role in more and more fields, the development of society is promoted, and the field is particularly obvious in the field of security protection. In the field of security and protection, whether the position of a camera in a map is accurate or not determines the response speed of emergency event processing. Therefore, in security engineering, the positioning of the camera in the middle point of the map is a very important work.
The existing map editing software can be compatible with a tile map (Baidu, Google and the like), a picture map (hand-drawn) or a webpage three-dimensional map (third party), can manually add camera points to the map, can bind IP (Internet protocol) stream addresses, and can also edit map relation levels. The existing three-dimensional map compilers are available in many markets, such as scenic maps, hummingbird maps and the like, and can conveniently draw indoor or small-area three-dimensional maps to generate webpage files. Professional software such as CAD, 3dmarke or maya does not need to be mastered.
However, the current map compiler does not have the function of batch importing CAD point locations, and when a project has a large number of cameras and devices to be bound, which need to hit the point locations, a lot of time and labor cost are spent. This is mainly because CAD and map compiler software are different in nature and cannot in principle communicate with each other.
The invention aims to better display the position of a camera in each layer of indoor map in security engineering projects, greatly reduce development, solve the problem of repeated and tedious work of manual point marking and greatly improve accuracy. In the project, the point position of the camera can be automatically marked only by the CAD electronic version drawing, and information such as an IP code stream of the equipment is bound.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for guiding elements of a CAD (computer-aided design) engineering drawing into a three-dimensional map, which realizes the batch guiding of cameras in the CAD engineering drawing into the three-dimensional map, realizes the automatic point marking of the cameras, displays the position of the cameras on each floor in the three-dimensional map more quickly and accurately, improves the working efficiency and has better practicability.
The invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme: a method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into a three-dimensional map is characterized in that the CAD engineering drawing and the three-dimensional map coordinate system are the same, a plurality of floors and a camera drawing are arranged in the CAD engineering drawing, and the bottom of the camera correspondingly marks a camera ID code; and outputting the information in the CAD engineering drawing to an EXCEL table, classifying all coordinate points, acquiring all coordinate points of each floor, performing aggregation operation on point positions of each subarea, and associating the camera with the camera ID code. The CAD engineering drawing and the three-dimensional map share an ink card tray coordinate system.
In order to better realize the invention, further, an EXCEL table is analyzed to obtain the name and the coordinate of each block in the CAD engineering drawing and a corresponding value thereof, wherein the point with the name of a letter represents the block of the camera; where the blocks named text are the blocks of each logo. Example (c): ball _ Camera represents a dome Camera block, and Gun _ Camera represents a Gun Camera block.
In order to better realize the invention, further, traversing and filtering all point information in the EXCEL table, and finding a set of region identification points through values; classifying the values of the boundary point set again, classifying the coordinate point information of the boundary points with the same values into a class, and mapping the values and the point information set to form boundary-point mapping; and traversing the boundary-point mapping, comparing all the point information with the coordinates of the boundary points, and putting the coordinates of the point information and the points in the boundary point range into a set to realize the partition operation.
In order to better realize the invention, further, the boundary point of each floor and the floor number are marked; setting points are divided into half at the left lower corner and the right upper corner of the boundary of each floor, and are marked with FnAs boundary points; wherein n is the floor number. The invention obtains the range of each floor through the boundary point of each floor in the EXCEL table.
In order to better realize the method, the CAD engineering drawing draws a camera pattern according to an actual position, and marks camera ID codes corresponding to the cameras under the pattern; and the X, Y-axis mercator coordinate distance value between the center of the serial number in the camera ID code and the center point of the pattern is less than or equal to 200. Interference between the cameras on different floors can be avoided, and the method has better practicability.
In order to better realize the invention, further, screening out a point information set nameList corresponding to a camera ID code, screening out a point information set pointList corresponding to a camera icon, traversing the pointList and taking the coordinate as the coordinate information of the camera, comparing the value of the coordinate of each element in the nameList, screening out point information of which the world coordinate difference is less than or equal to 200, taking the value of the screened point information as the number information of the equipment, and putting the information into a new object; and after traversing is finished, generating a new set object to obtain the real information of the corresponding position of the camera of each area on the CAD.
To achieve betterIn the invention, furthermore, the leftmost lower part of the CAD engineering drawing is a coordinate origin Ogen (X)Original CAD,YOriginal CAD) And the rightmost upper part of the CAD engineering drawing is a reference point O parameter (X)CAD parameter,YCAD parameter) (ii) a Correspondingly marking A original (X) in the three-dimensional map according to the same positionPlaiting original,YPlaiting original) Ginseng A (X)Weaving ginseng,YWeaving ginseng) (ii) a Outputting the name, the number and the coordinates of the camera in the CAD engineering drawing in an EXCEL table; and outputting the coordinates of the origin of each floor and the coordinates of the original O, the original A and the original A in an EXCEL table.
O origin, abbreviated as O origin, and X-axis coordinate of O point in CAD, abbreviated as XOriginal CAD. And the O reference point is called O parameter for short. X coordinate of point A in map editorPlaiting original。
In order to better realize the invention, further, the difference O (I X) of the CAD reference coordinate is obtained according to the O original and O parameter of the CAD engineering drawingCAD parameter-XOriginal CAD|，|YCAD parameter-YOriginal CADI) and calculating the A difference (| X) of the three-dimensional map in the same wayWeaving ginseng-XPlaiting original|，|YWeaving ginseng-YPlaiting originalI)); the expansion ratio of the X axis is obtained by calculation
And the Y-axis expansion ratio is
And obtaining the coordinates in the three-dimensional map after coordinate conversion is carried out on the coordinates in the EXCEL table, wherein:
here XPlaiting original、YPlaiting originalThe origin of each floor.
In order to better realize the method, the camera number is automatically bound with the equipment management center data through a traversal algorithm to obtain an information list of the camera, and the information list is bound with the icon position to position the accurate position information of the camera obtaining time.
In order to better implement the invention, the coordinate system of the CAD engineering drawing and the three-dimensional map is a Mokat coordinate system.
The expansion ratio of the transformed coordinates is obtained through the coordinate calculation of the original O, the reference O and the original A and the reference A. The original O and the reference O can be set as the coordinates of any floor, and the original A and the reference A corresponding to the floor are correspondingly arranged on the three-dimensional map. And setting a reference origin point on each floor to obtain a boundary position corresponding to each floor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method solves the technical problem that the CAD data can not be imported into the three-dimensional map in batches, improves the working efficiency and has better practicability. The technical problem that the coordinate points of the two-dimensional sitting map are converted into the coordinate points of the three-dimensional map is solved.
(2) The invention realizes the purpose of guiding the camera in the CAD engineering drawing into the three-dimensional map, realizes the automatic point marking of the camera, better displays the position of the camera on each floor in the three-dimensional map, improves the working efficiency and has better practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a CAD engineering drawing;
FIG. 2 is a CAD drawing of a camera;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the origin and reference points of the coordinate system of the CAD engineering drawing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of floor marking boundary point markings;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the EXCEL table;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an EXCEL table for a multi-story floor;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional map after batch import.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into a three-dimensional map is disclosed, as shown in FIG. 7, the CAD engineering drawing and the three-dimensional map have the same coordinate system, as shown in FIG. 1, the CAD engineering drawing is provided with a plurality of floors and a diagram of a camera, and the bottom of the camera corresponds to a marked camera ID code; and outputting the information in the CAD engineering drawing to an EXCEL table, classifying all coordinate points into floors as shown in FIG. 2, acquiring all coordinate points of each floor, performing aggregation operation on point positions of each subarea, and associating the camera with the camera ID code.
The invention realizes the purpose of guiding the camera in the CAD engineering drawing into the three-dimensional map, realizes the automatic point marking of the camera, better displays the position of the camera on each floor in the three-dimensional map, improves the working efficiency and has better practicability.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, optimization is performed on the basis of embodiment 1, boundary points and floor numbers of each floor are marked, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, half setting points are respectively arranged at the lower left corner and the upper right corner of the boundary of each floor, and are marked with FnAs boundary points; wherein n is the floor number.
As shown in fig. 5, the EXCEL table is analyzed to obtain the name, coordinates and corresponding values of each block in the CAD engineering drawing, wherein the point with the name of letter represents the block of the camera; where the blocks named text are the blocks of each logo.
Traversing and filtering all point information in the EXCEL table, and finding a set of region identification points through values; classifying the values of the boundary point set again, classifying the coordinate point information of the boundary points with the same values into a class, and mapping the values and the point information set to form boundary-point mapping; and traversing the boundary-point mapping, comparing all the point information with the coordinates of the boundary points, and putting the coordinates of the point information and the points in the boundary point range into a set to realize the partition operation.
The embodiment is optimized on the basis of the embodiment 1,
other parts of this embodiment are the same as embodiment 1, and thus are not described again.
Example 3:
in this embodiment, optimization is performed on the basis of embodiment 1 or 2, the CAD engineering drawing draws a camera pattern according to an actual position, and marks a camera ID code corresponding to a camera under the pattern; the X, Y axle distance between the center of the number in the camera ID code and the center point of the pattern is not more than 200.
Screening out a point information set nameList corresponding to the camera ID code, screening out a point information set pointList corresponding to a camera icon, traversing the pointList and taking the coordinate as the coordinate information of the camera, comparing the value of the coordinate of each element in the nameList, screening out point information of which the coordinate difference is less than or equal to 200, taking the value of the screened point information as the number information of the equipment, and putting the information into a new object; and after traversing is finished, generating a new set object to obtain the real information of the camera of each area on the CAD.
The rest of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1 or 2, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
Example 4:
in this embodiment, optimization is performed based on any one of embodiments 1 to 3, and as shown in fig. 3 and 6, the leftmost lower part of the CAD engineering drawing is the origin of coordinates oargy (X)Original CAD,YOriginal CAD) And the rightmost upper part of the CAD engineering drawing is a reference point O parameter (X)CAD parameter,YCAD parameter) (ii) a Correspondingly marking A original (X) in the three-dimensional map according to the same positionPlaiting original,YPlaiting original) Ginseng A (X)Weaving ginseng,YWeaving ginseng) (ii) a Outputting the name, the number and the coordinates of the camera in the CAD engineering drawing in an EXCEL table; and outputting the coordinates of the origin of each floor and the coordinates of the original O, the original A and the original A in an EXCEL table.
Obtaining the difference O (X) of the CAD reference coordinates according to the O original and O parameters of the CAD engineering drawingCAD parameter-XOriginal CAD|，|YCAD parameter-YOriginal CADI), calculating A difference (| X) of the map editor in the same wayWeaving ginseng-XPlaiting original|，|YWeaving ginseng-YPlaiting originalI)); the expansion ratio of the X axis is obtained by calculation
And the Y-axis expansion ratio is
And obtaining the coordinates in the map editor after coordinate conversion is carried out on the coordinates in the EXCEL table, wherein:
here XPlaiting original、YPlaiting originalIs the origin of each floor in the three-dimensional map.
And automatically binding the camera number with the data of the equipment management center through a traversal algorithm to obtain an information list of the camera, and binding the information list with the icon position to position accurate position information of the camera obtaining time. And the coordinate systems of the CAD engineering drawing and the three-dimensional map are a Mokat coordinate system.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as any of embodiments 1 to 3, and thus are not described again.
Example 5:
a method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into a three-dimensional map mainly comprises the following steps:
1. drawing a CAD engineering drawing of a target location according to requirements, wherein the engineering drawing coordinate system is a Cartesian coordinate system, as shown in FIG. 1, drawing each camera pattern on the engineering drawing according to an actual position, and marking a camera ID code corresponding to a camera under the pattern to request marked characters. The ID codes are as follows: N-G-01, representing a new bolt face camera numbered 01.
The label adopts a uniform format, such as: N-B-01.
N: a new camera is pointed out, and O is the original camera;
b: the camera type is indicated, B is a ball machine, D is a dome camera, and G is a gun camera;
01: the numbers of the cameras are indicated, and the newly-built camera and the original camera are respectively numbered.
2. Fig. 2 shows the enlarged camera of fig. 1 and its numbering. The distances between the numbered central points and the x-axis and the y-axis of the central point of the camera pattern are not more than 200, so that the subsequent clustering operation is facilitated. As shown in fig. 4, for a drawing including multiple floors on one CAD drawing, two points are set at the lower left corner and the upper right corner of the boundary of the drawing of each floor, and both points are marked with Fn as boundary points of subsequent partitions. Wherein n is a floor number, and F1 represents a floor of 1.
3. As shown in FIG. 3, the lowest left side in the CAD drawing is selected as the origin of coordinates, and the coordinates of mercator are recorded as the original O (X)Original CAD，YOriginal CAD). Selecting the rightmost upper part as a reference point in the CAD drawing, and recording the coordinates of the mercator as an O parameter (X)CAD parameter，YCAD parameter). Likewise, the mercator coordinate A (X) is recorded at the same position in the third-party editor mapPlaiting original，YPlaiting original) And Ginseng radix A (X)Weaving ginseng，YWeaving ginseng)。
4. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the floor key words are added to the lower left corner and the upper right corner of the corresponding floor in the CAD, and all the camera blocks and numbers are output in the same EXCEL file, requiring the mercator coordinates of the name, X axis, and Y axis.
5. As shown in FIG. 6, the original points of A, O and O obtained before the input of the second page of excel are set as original O2, original O3, original O4, original 05 and the like, if there are multiple stories.
The EXECL content comprises the name, the X coordinate and the Y coordinate of the auxiliary point, and the auxiliary point in the EXECL is analyzed for the convenience of the program, wherein the naming rule is as follows: coordinate source-layer-origin/sample point; the following rules are adopted for the names of the special pairs of auxiliary points as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Three-dimensional F1 origin | 3D-F1-OL |
| Three-dimensional graph F1 sampling points | 3D-F1-OH |
| CAD drawing F1 origin | CAD-F1-OL |
| CAD drawing F1 sampling points | CAD-F1-OH |
| CAD drawing F2 origin | CAD-F2-OL |
| CAD drawing F3 origin | CAD-F3-OL |
6. And performing partition operation, namely determining the boundary coordinate point of each floor through the floor mark marked in the excel table, and further acquiring the range of each floor.
The program parses the first table in the EXECL, i.e., the device coordinate point information table, to obtain the name, X-coordinate, Y-coordinate, and their corresponding values of each block on the CAD. Where the point named Gun Camera represents a block of the Camera whose X and Y coordinates are the actual position of the Camera on the CAD, with no value. The blocks named as letters are the blocks of each logo, whose X and Y coordinates are used to aid in partitioning and clustering, and whose values may be floor designations such as F1, F2... Fn, or camera numbers such as N-G-01.
As shown in table 2, the program performs traversal and filtering operations on all point information, finds a set of region points (boundary points Fn) by a rule of values, beginning with F and ending with numbers, finds a List < inportpointinfo >, classifies the data structure again according to the values of the boundary point set, classifies the boundary point coordinate information with the same value into one class (generally 2), and maps the values and the point information set to form a Map < String, and the List < inportpointinfo > > structure boundary-point mapping regionpoingmap.
And traversing the boundary-point mapping regionpoinmap, comparing all point information with X coordinates and Y coordinates of 2 boundary points in the traversal, and putting points of which the X coordinates and the Y coordinates are in the range of the 2 boundary points into a set sameRegionPoints, wherein the data structure is List < ImportPointInfo >.
So far, all points can be subjected to partition operation, each partition is determined by two boundary points with the same value, and the area of each partition comprises position point information and camera name point information.
And classifying all the coordinate points to obtain all the coordinate points of all the floors. And performing aggregation operation on the point locations of each subarea (namely different floors), associating the x coordinate and the y coordinate of the corresponding point location with the camera ID code through the distance rule of the point location of the CAD camera and the marked characters, and confirming the specific position of each camera on the CAD.
The following operations are performed for each partition:
screening out a point information set nameList corresponding to the camera head label according to a rule that the value is started with 'N-G' and the number is ended; and screening out the information set pointList of the corresponding point of the camera icon according to the rule that the value is null.
Traversing the pointList, taking the X coordinate and the Y coordinate as coordinate information of the camera, comparing the values of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate of each element in the nameList, screening out point information with the difference value of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate not exceeding 200, taking the screened point information value as the number information of the equipment, and putting the equipment number information into a new object devicePointInfo. After the traversal is completed, a new set object cadDevicePointInfo is generated, and the object is the real information of the camera of each area on the CAD.
TABLE 2
7. Obtaining the difference value of CAD reference coordinates according to the input CAD origin mercator coordinates and the reference point mercator coordinates, O difference (| X)CAD parameter-XOriginal CAD|，|YCAD parameter-YOriginal CAD|). Similarly, the map editor may also find the corresponding mercator coordinate point and calculate the a difference (| X)Weaving ginseng-XPlaiting original|，|YWeaving ginseng-YPlaiting original|). X, Y points are calculated by the formulaOther expansion ratios: x stretch ═ X | (X)CAD parameter-XOriginal CAD|)/(|XWeaving ginseng-XPlaiting originalI)); y stretch ═ YCAD parameter-YOriginal CAD|)/(|YWeaving ginseng-YPlaiting original|)。
8. Substituting the excel imported mercator coordinates into a formula: new camera map X position ═ ((new point XCAD mercator coordinate-X)Original CAD) telescopic/X) + XPlaiting original(ii) a New camera map Y position ═ ((new point YCAD mercator coordinate-Y)Original CAD) Y flex) + YPlaiting original. Here, XCAD and YCAD are originally floor origin coordinates of the new coordinate point.
9. The computer can quickly calculate all the point positions through the formula, and the point positions are led into the three-dimensional map in batches, and the final effect is shown in fig. 7. The camera number can be automatically bound with the equipment management center data through a traversal algorithm. The program can acquire the information list of all cameras and bind with the positions of the icons, so that the cameras can be quickly positioned to acquire the accurate position information of the events. If a comparison table of camera ID codes and camera information is prepared in advance, the table can be used as a third table of an Excel table, and the relationship between each camera and the position is bound through a program, so that heavy work caused by too many camera bindings is reduced.
The invention realizes the purpose of leading the camera in the CAD engineering drawing into the three-dimensional map, realizes the point position automatic marking of the camera, binds the information such as IP code stream of equipment and the like, better displays the position of the camera on each floor in the three-dimensional map, improves the working efficiency and has better practicability.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into a three-dimensional map is characterized in that coordinate systems of the CAD engineering drawing and the three-dimensional map are a Mokat coordinate system; the CAD engineering drawing is provided with a plurality of floors and a drawing of a camera, and the bottom of the camera is correspondingly marked with a camera ID code; outputting information in the CAD engineering drawing to an EXCEL table, classifying all coordinate points to obtain all coordinate points of each floor, performing aggregation operation on point positions of each partition, wherein each partition corresponds to one floor, and associating a camera with a camera ID code;
obtaining the difference value of CAD reference coordinates according to the input CAD origin mercator coordinates and the reference point mercator coordinates, O difference (| X)CAD parameter-XOriginal CAD|，|YCAD parameter-YOriginal CADI)); similarly, the map editor may also find the corresponding mercator coordinate point and calculate the a difference (| X)Weaving ginseng-XPlaiting original|，|YWeaving ginseng-YPlaiting originalI)); x, Y are calculated according to the formula: x stretch = (| X)CAD parameter-XOriginal CAD|）/（|XWeaving ginseng-XPlaiting originalI)); y stretch = (| Y)CAD parameter-YOriginal CAD|）/（|YWeaving ginseng-YPlaiting originalI)); substituting the excel imported mercator coordinates into a formula: new camera map X position = ((new point XCAD mercator coordinates-X)Original CAD) telescopic/X) + XPlaiting original(ii) a New camera map Y position = ((New Point YCAD mercator coordinate-Y)Original CAD) Y flex) + YPlaiting original(ii) a The XCAD and YCAD are originally floor origin coordinates of the new coordinate point; the computer can quickly calculate all the point positions through the formula and import the point positions into the three-dimensional map in batches.
2. The method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into three-dimensional map according to claim 1, wherein the EXCEL table is analyzed to obtain the name, coordinates and corresponding values of each block in the CAD engineering drawing, wherein the point with the name as letter represents the block of the camera; where the blocks named text are the blocks of each logo.
3. The method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into three-dimensional maps according to claim 2, characterized in that, traversing and filtering all point information in the EXCEL table, finding the set of area identification points by value; classifying the values of the boundary point set again, classifying the coordinate point information of the boundary points with the same values into a class, and mapping the values and the point information set to form boundary-point mapping; and traversing the boundary-point mapping, comparing all the point information with the coordinates of the boundary points, and putting the coordinates of the point information and the points in the boundary point range into a set to realize the partition operation.
4. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein boundary points of each floor and floor numbers are marked, and the lower left corner and the upper right corner of the boundary of each floor are divided into half-set points, and are marked with FnAs boundary points; wherein n is the floor number.
5. The method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into a three-dimensional map according to claim 1, wherein the CAD engineering drawing draws a camera pattern according to an actual position, and the camera ID code corresponding to the camera is marked under the camera pattern; and the X, Y-axis mercator coordinate distance value between the center of the serial number in the camera ID code and the center point of the pattern is less than or equal to 200.
6. The method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into a three-dimensional map according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, a point information set nameList corresponding to a camera ID code is screened out, a point information set pointList corresponding to a camera icon is screened out, the pointList is traversed, coordinates are used as coordinate information of a camera, the value of the coordinate of each element in the nameList is compared, point information with a world coordinate difference value smaller than or equal to 200 is screened out, and the value of the screened point information is used as the number information of equipment and is put into a new object; and after traversing is finished, generating a new set object to obtain the real information of the corresponding position of the camera of each area on the CAD.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the CAD engineering drawing element is introduced into the three-dimensional groundThe drawing method is characterized in that the leftmost lower part of the CAD engineering drawing is a coordinate origin Ogen (X)Original CAD,YOriginal CAD) And the rightmost upper part of the CAD engineering drawing is a reference point O parameter (X)CAD parameter,YCAD parameter) (ii) a Correspondingly marking A original (X) in the three-dimensional map according to the same positionPlaiting original,YPlaiting original) Ginseng A (X)Weaving ginseng,YWeaving ginseng) (ii) a Outputting the name, the number and the coordinates of the camera in the CAD engineering drawing in an EXCEL table; and outputting the coordinates of the origin of coordinates of each floor and the coordinates of the original O, the original A and the original A in an EXCEL table.
8. The method for importing CAD engineering drawing elements into a three-dimensional map as recited in claim 1, wherein the camera number is automatically bound with the equipment management center data through a traversal algorithm to obtain an information list of the camera, and the information list is bound with the icon position to position accurate position information of the camera obtaining time.
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