CN110736749A - Multipoint detection device and method for millimeter-scale vacuoles on fixed wall surface - Google Patents

Multipoint detection device and method for millimeter-scale vacuoles on fixed wall surface Download PDF

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CN110736749A
CN110736749A CN201910987712.XA CN201910987712A CN110736749A CN 110736749 A CN110736749 A CN 110736749A CN 201910987712 A CN201910987712 A CN 201910987712A CN 110736749 A CN110736749 A CN 110736749A
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cylindrical
wall surface
convex lens
fixed wall
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CN110736749B (en
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肖绍章
强豪
庄军
冯万利
殷路
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Huaiyin Institute of Technology
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    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-point detection device and a method for millimeter-scale vacuoles on a fixed wall surface, according to a light beam transmission principle, a row-shaped light beam which is formed by combining a laser light source with high stability and Gaussian light intensity distribution and an optical element and has uniform light intensity distribution is used as detection light to carry out multi-point detection on a single millimeter-scale vacuole on the fixed wall surface, each beams of ' -shaped' detection light in the row-shaped detection light are converted into electric signals through independent photoelectric detectors respectively, and are shown by an oscilloscope, groups of data obtained by the oscilloscope are analyzed, so that the dynamic behavior of the single millimeter-scale vacuole on the fixed wall surface can be obtained.

Description

Multipoint detection device and method for millimeter-scale vacuoles on fixed wall surface
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photoelectric detection, in particular to the field of optical detection of vacuoles, and particularly relates to a multipoint detection device and method for millimeter-scale vacuoles on a fixed wall surface.
Background
As research progresses, it has been found that cavitation bubbles generated in the vicinity of a fixed wall surface generate a jet flow towards the fixed wall surface in the process of collapsing, which is , the main reason why propeller blades are damaged and efficiency is reduced, the jet flow characteristic of the cavitation bubbles is considered to be a negative effect and is rejected by people at early times.
The dynamic behavior of the cavitation on the solid wall surface is which is the main research content of the cavitation, under the ideal condition of an infinite solid wall surface, the cavitation on the solid wall surface is quasi-hemispherical, and the maximum bubble radius and the pulse period of the cavitation can be used as two important parameters for representing the dynamic characteristics of the cavitation, in the early stage, people mainly focus on the measurement of the two parameters, and the commonly used detection methods mainly comprise two types, namely which is an experimental method based on a photographic method, such as a high-speed photographic method, a schlieren method, a holographic method and the like, and which is an experimental method based on a detection light beam, such as a light beam deflection method, a light beam transmission method and the like, wherein the ideal mode is a high-speed photographic method, the method utilizes a high-speed camera with a high frame rate, can obtain not only the maximum bubble radius and the pulse period of the cavitation, but also can observe the change relation of the shape of the cavitation on the solid wall surface with time, the high-speed photographic method has the disadvantage that the high-speed camera can be used for detecting the cavitation is high-speed camera, the high-speed camera can obtain the maximum bubble radius and pulse period of the high-frequency of the experimental method, and the change of the observation of the wall surface appearance of the wall surface of the cavitation with the high-wall surface with the high-frequency, and the high-frequency of the high-frequency wall-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide efficient devices and methods capable of carrying out multipoint detection on the dynamic behavior of millimeter-scale vacuoles on a fixed wall surface.
kinds of fixed wall surface millimeter level cavitation bubble multipoint detection device, including detecting beam laser, cylindrical concave lens, adjustable optical slit, cylindrical convex lens, second cylindrical concave lens, second adjustable optical slit, second cylindrical convex lens, equidistant rectangular diaphragm, third cylindrical concave lens, the lens group focusing the detecting beam, the photoelectric detector group with interference filter, oscillograph group, container with transparent detecting light window, object with fixed wall surface and multidimensional translation stage;
the equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm comprises n rectangular diaphragms, the number of lenses contained in a lens group for focusing detection light beams, the number of photoelectric detectors contained in a photoelectric detector group with interference filters and the number of oscilloscopes contained in an oscillograph group are all n, a detection light beam laser, an th cylindrical concave lens, a adjustable optical slit, a th cylindrical convex lens, a second cylindrical concave lens, a second adjustable optical slit, a second cylindrical convex lens, an equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm and a third cylindrical concave lens are coaxially arranged in sequence along the emission direction of the detection light beams, a container provided with a light-transmitting detection window is fixed on a multi-dimensional translation table between the equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm and the third cylindrical concave lens, an object with a fixed wall surface is fixed in the container provided with the light-transmitting detection window, the lens group for focusing the detection light beams respectively focuses each light beams diffused by the third cylindrical concave lens onto the corresponding photoelectric detector in the photoelectric detector group with the interference filters, and the output end of the photoelectric detector group with the interference filters is correspondingly connected with the wave indicator group .
, the axial meridian of the cylindrical concave lens and the cylindrical convex lens is in the same direction as the slit center line of the adjustable optical slit.
Further , the one of the co-directions is parallel to the solid wall surface of the object.
, the slit center line of the second adjustable optical slit and the long symmetry axis of the equidistant rectangular diaphragm are perpendicular to the fixed wall surface of the object along the axial meridian of the second cylindrical concave lens, the second cylindrical convex lens and the third cylindrical concave lens, and are perpendicular to the emission direction of the probe beam laser and the slit center line of the adjustable optical slit in pairs.
, the width of each rectangular diaphragms of the equal-spacing rectangular diaphragms is less than or equal to 0.3mm on the premise of no optical diffraction.
, the probe beam laser is a He-Ne laser with Gaussian light intensity distribution.
The detection method of the multipoint detection device based on the millimeter-scale cavitation on the fixed wall surface comprises the following steps:
step 1, generating a detection beam by using a detection beam laser;
step 2, under the condition that an object with a fixed wall surface does not shield the detection light beam, adjusting each optical device to enable the detection light beam laser, the th cylindrical surface concave lens, the th adjustable optical slit, the th cylindrical surface convex lens, the second cylindrical surface concave lens, the second adjustable optical slit, the second cylindrical surface convex lens, the equidistant rectangular diaphragm and the third cylindrical surface concave lens to be coaxial and equal in height, and adjusting the th adjustable optical slit and the second adjustable optical slit to be the largest in gap;
step 3, adjusting the distance between the th cylindrical concave lens and the th cylindrical convex lens to enable the probe light beam passing through the th cylindrical convex lens to be parallel light beams, and enabling the combination of the th cylindrical concave lens and the th cylindrical convex lens to expand the light beam by m times in the direction of a refractive power meridian of the th cylindrical concave lens and the th cylindrical convex lens;
step 4, the gap width of the th adjustable optical slit is reduced until the probe beam reaching the th cylindrical convex lens after passing through the th adjustable optical slit does not exceed the effective focal plane of the th cylindrical convex lens;
step 5, adjusting the distance between the second cylindrical concave lens and the second cylindrical convex lens to enable the detection light beam passing through the second cylindrical convex lens to be parallel light beams, and enabling the combination of the second cylindrical concave lens and the second cylindrical convex lens to expand the light beam m times in the direction of the refractive power meridian of the second cylindrical concave lens and the second cylindrical convex lens;
step 6, narrowing the gap width of the second adjustable optical slit until the detection light beam reaching the second cylindrical convex lens after passing through the second adjustable optical slit does not exceed the effective focusing surface of the second cylindrical convex lens, and the detection light beam reaching the equidistant rectangular diaphragm after passing through the second cylindrical convex lens can cover all the rectangular diaphragms of the equidistant rectangular diaphragm, so that the detection light beam passing through the equidistant rectangular diaphragm is adjusted into a row-shaped parallel detection light beam with uniform light intensity distribution, and ensuring that the detection area width l of the row-shaped parallel detection light beam is n (w + s) -s which is larger than the maximum diameter of a detected vacuole but smaller than the minimum radial dimension of a fixed wall surface of an object, wherein w is the width of every rectangular diaphragms in the equidistant rectangular diaphragm, and s is the distance between two adjacent rectangular diaphragms;
step 7, adjusting the positions of the lens group for focusing the detection light beams and the photoelectric detector group with the interference filter, so that each detection light beams diffused by the third cylindrical concave lens are respectively focused toThe photoelectric detectors corresponding to the photoelectric detector group with the interference filter are arranged on the photoelectric detector group, and each signal voltages obtained by the oscillograph group are maximum and are respectively marked as Vi(max)，i＝1,2,…,n；
Step 8, completely shielding the detection light beam, recording the signal voltage obtained on the oscillograph group at the moment, and respectively recording as Vi(min)；
Step 9, adjusting the multidimensional translation stage to enable the propagation direction of the row-shaped parallel detection beams to be parallel to the fixed wall surface of the object, enabling the perpendicular bisector of the fixed wall surface of the object to be located at the central position of the row-shaped parallel detection beams, continuously adjusting the multidimensional translation stage to enable the fixed wall surface of the object to move towards the row-shaped parallel detection beams, observing the waveform change of the oscillograph group, fixing the multidimensional translation stage after the waveform signal voltage of each oscillographs in the oscillograph group is obviously reduced, and recording each signal voltages obtained by the oscillograph group at the moment, wherein the signal voltages are respectively marked as Vi(initial)；
Step 10, generating a measured cavity on the fixed wall surface of the object by using high-energy laser, ensuring that the center of the row-shaped parallel detection beam passes through the position where the measured cavity is generated, and recording the waveforms of the electric signals displayed in the oscillograph group at the moment, wherein the waveforms are respectively marked as Vi(t)；
And 11, taking the generation position of the detected cavitation as a coordinate origin o, the axial meridian of the th cylindrical concave lens as an x axis, and the long symmetrical axis of the second adjustable optical slit as a y axis, establishing a spatial variation relation of each detection point in the xoy plane of the detection area caused by the detected cavitation, and analyzing the spatial variation relation to obtain the dynamic behavior of the cavitation on the fixed wall surface of the object in the detection area.
, the formula of the spatial variation relationship caused by the measured cavitation at each detection point in the xoy plane of the detection area in step 11 is:
Figure BDA0002237225270000041
where h is the length of each rectangular diaphragms in the equally spaced rectangular diaphragms, and f (x)i) For walls of vacuoles in the y-axisVariation of the coordinate Y with time, xiThe abscissa of the ith probe point.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) the invention realizes multi-point detection of a single millimeter-scale cavity on the fixed wall surface, and can obtain the change relation of the approximate appearance of the single millimeter-scale cavity on the fixed wall surface along with time, not only limited to the maximum cavity radius and the pulse period of the cavity; 2) when the method is used for detecting the dynamic behavior of the millimeter-scale vacuole on the solid wall surface, only one measurement is needed, so that the workload is greatly reduced; 3) the device of the invention can also be used for detecting the dynamic behavior of a millimeter-scale non-transparent object.
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the attached figures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-point detection device for millimeter-scale cavitation on a fixed wall surface according to the present invention, in which diagrams (a) to (e) are cross-sectional views of detection beams corresponding to positions indicated by arrows.
Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram obtained by an oscilloscope corresponding to a probe point at a millimeter-scale void generation position on a solid wall surface in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein a portion in a dashed line frame is caused by a shock wave radiated when laser is optically broken down in a laser-induced void generation process.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing a change of a coordinate Y of a bubble wall of a millimeter-scale cavitation bubble on a solid wall surface in a detection plane, i.e., an xoy plane, on a Y-axis with time according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a portion in a dashed line frame is caused by a shock wave radiated when a laser breaks down optically in a generation process of a laser-induced cavitation bubble.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the coordinate position of the bubble wall of each detection point in the detection plane, i.e., the xoy plane, of the cavitation bubbles when the cavitation bubbles expand to the maximum in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a test of uniformity of light intensity distribution of the row-shaped parallel probe beams according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers and the corresponding parts in the figure are 1 detection beam laser, 2 th cylindrical surface concave lens, 3 rd adjustable optical slit, 4 th th cylindrical surface convex lens, 5 th cylindrical surface concave lens, 6 second adjustable optical slit, 7 th cylindrical surface convex lens, 8 equidistant rectangular diaphragm, 9 third cylindrical surface concave lens, 10 lens group for focusing detection beam, 11 photoelectric detector group with interference filter, 12 wave indicator group, 13 container with window for transmitting detection beam, 14 object with fixed wall surface, 15 multi-dimensional translation stage and 16 millimeter-scale cavity position schematic diagram on the fixed wall surface.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1, the multipoint detection device for millimeter-sized cavitation bubbles on a fixed wall surface provided by the invention comprises a detection beam laser 1, a cylindrical concave lens 2, a adjustable optical slit 3, a cylindrical convex lens 4, a second cylindrical concave lens 5, a second adjustable optical slit 6, a second cylindrical convex lens 7, an equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8, a third cylindrical concave lens 9, a lens group 10 for focusing the detection beam, a photoelectric detector group 11 with an interference filter, an oscillograph group 12, a container 13 provided with a detection light transmission window, an object 14 with a fixed wall surface, and a multi-dimensional translation stage 15;
the equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm 8 comprises n rectangular diaphragms, the number of lenses contained in a lens group 10 for focusing detection light beams, the number of photoelectric detectors contained in a photoelectric detector group 11 with interference filters and the number of oscilloscopes contained in an oscilloscope group 12 are all n, a detection light beam laser 1, an -th cylindrical concave lens 2, a -th adjustable optical slit 3, a -th cylindrical convex lens 4, a second cylindrical concave lens 5, a second adjustable optical slit 6, a second cylindrical convex lens 7, an equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm 8 and a third cylindrical concave lens 9 are coaxially arranged in sequence along the transmission direction of the detection light beams, a container 13 with a transmitting detection light window is fixed on a multidimensional translation table 15 positioned between the equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm 8 and the third cylindrical concave lens 9, an object 14 with a fixed wall surface is fixed in the container 13 with the transmitting detection light window, each detection light beams diffused by the third cylindrical concave lens 9 are respectively focused on the photoelectric detectors corresponding to the interference filter group 3812 of the photoelectric detectors in the interference filters, and the output end of the photoelectric detector group 12 is connected with the corresponding interference filters.
, the axial meridian of the cylindrical concave lens 2 and the cylindrical convex lens 4 is in the same direction as the slit center line of the adjustable optical slit 3.
, the direction is parallel to the fixed wall of object 14.
, the slit center line of the second adjustable optical slit 6 and the long symmetry axis of the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8, and the axial meridian lines of the second cylindrical concave lens 5, the second cylindrical convex lens 7 and the third cylindrical concave lens 9 are all perpendicular to the fixed wall surface of the object 14 and in the same direction, and the directions are perpendicular to the emission direction of the probe beam laser 1 and the slit center line of the adjustable optical slit 3 in pairs.
, the width of each rectangular diaphragms of the equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm 8 is less than or equal to 0.3mm under the premise of no optical diffraction.
Further , the probe beam laser 1 is a He-Ne laser having a Gaussian light intensity distribution.
Exemplarily, the wavelength of the He — Ne laser is 632.8nm, and the spot diameter is 2 mm.
The detection method of the multipoint detection device based on the millimeter-scale cavitation on the fixed wall surface comprises the following steps:
step 1, generating a detection beam by using a detection beam laser 1;
step 2, under the condition that the object 14 with the fixed wall surface is ensured not to shield the detection light beam, adjusting each optical device to enable the detection light beam laser 1, the th cylindrical surface concave lens 2, the th adjustable optical slit 3, the th cylindrical surface convex lens 4, the second cylindrical surface concave lens 5, the second adjustable optical slit 6, the second cylindrical surface convex lens 7, the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8 and the third cylindrical surface concave lens 9 to be coaxial and equal in height, and adjusting the th adjustable optical slit 3 and the second adjustable optical slit 6 to be maximum in gap;
step 3, adjusting the distance between the th cylindrical concave lens 2 and the th cylindrical convex lens 4 to enable the probe beam passing through the th cylindrical convex lens 4 to be a parallel beam, and enabling the combination of the th cylindrical concave lens 2 and the th cylindrical convex lens 4 to expand the beam m times in the direction of a refractive power meridian of the th cylindrical concave lens 2 and the th cylindrical convex lens 4;
step 4, narrowing the gap width of the th adjustable optical slit 3 until the probe beam reaching the th cylindrical convex lens 4 after passing through the th adjustable optical slit 3 does not exceed the effective focal plane of the th cylindrical convex lens 4;
step 5, adjusting the distance between the second cylindrical concave lens 5 and the second cylindrical convex lens 7 to enable the detection light beam passing through the second cylindrical convex lens 7 to be parallel light beams, and enabling the combination of the second cylindrical concave lens 5 and the second cylindrical convex lens 7 to expand the beam m times in the direction of the refractive power meridian of the second cylindrical concave lens 5 and the second cylindrical convex lens 7;
step 6, narrowing the gap width of the second adjustable optical slit 6 until the detection beam reaching the second cylindrical convex lens 7 after passing through the second adjustable optical slit 6 does not exceed the effective focusing surface of the second cylindrical convex lens 7, and the detection beam reaching the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8 after passing through the second cylindrical convex lens 7 can cover all the rectangular diaphragms of the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8, so that the detection beam passing through the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8 is adjusted into a row-shaped parallel detection beam with uniform light intensity distribution, and ensuring that the detection area width l (n · (w + s) -s of the row-shaped parallel detection beam is larger than the maximum diameter of the measured cavitation bubbles and smaller than the minimum radial dimension of the fixed wall surface of the object 14, wherein w is the width of each rectangular diaphragms in the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8, and s is the distance between two adjacent rectangular diaphragms;
step 7, adjusting the positions of the lens group 10 for focusing the detection light beams and the photoelectric detector group 11 with the interference filter, so that each detection light beams diffused by the third cylindrical concave lens 9 are respectively focused on the corresponding photoelectric detector in the photoelectric detector group 11 with the interference filter, and each signal voltages obtained by the oscillograph group 12 are maximum and are respectively marked as Vi(max)，i＝1,2,…,n；
Step 8, completely shielding the detection light beam, recording the signal voltage obtained on the oscillograph group 12 at the moment, and respectively recording as Vi(min)；
Step 9, adjusting the multi-dimensional translation stage 15 to make the propagation direction of the row-shaped parallel detection light beam parallel to the object 14Fixing the wall surface, wherein the perpendicular bisector of the fixed wall surface of the object 14 is positioned at the central position of the row-shaped parallel probe beams, continuously adjusting the multi-dimensional translation stage 15 to enable the fixed wall surface of the object 14 to move towards the row-shaped parallel probe beams, simultaneously observing the waveform change of the oscillograph group 12, fixing the multi-dimensional translation stage 15 after the waveform signal voltage of every oscillographs in the oscillograph group 12 is obviously reduced, and recording every signal voltages obtained by the oscillograph group 12 at the moment, which are respectively marked as Vi(initial)；
Step 10, generating a measured cavity 16 on a fixed wall surface of an object 14 by using high-energy laser, ensuring that the center of the row-shaped parallel detection beam passes through the generation position of the measured cavity 16, and recording the waveforms of the electric signals displayed in the oscillograph group 12 at the moment, which are respectively marked as Vi(t)；
And step 11, taking the generation position of the detected cavity 16 as a coordinate origin o, taking the axial meridian of the th cylindrical concave lens 2 as an x-axis, taking the long symmetrical axis of the second adjustable optical slit 6 as a y-axis, establishing a spatial variation relation of each detection point in the xoy plane of the detection area, which is caused by the detected cavity 16, and analyzing the spatial variation relation to obtain the dynamic behavior of the cavity on the fixed wall surface of the object 14 in the detection area.
Further , m in the above step 3 and step 5 is 60 or more.
, the formula of the spatial variation relationship of each detection point caused by the detected vacuole 16 in the xoy plane of the detection area in step 11 is:
Figure BDA0002237225270000071
where h is the length of each rectangular diaphragms in the equally spaced rectangular diaphragms 8, and f (x)i) Is the change of the coordinate Y of the vacuolar wall on the Y axis with time, xiThe abscissa of the ith probe point.
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
Examples
The detection method of the multi-point detection device for millimeter-scale cavitation bubbles on the fixed wall surface in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of 1, building an optical detection system according to a schematic diagram of a multipoint detection device of a millimeter-scale cavity on a fixed wall surface, wherein a detection beam laser 1 adopts He-Ne laser beams (with the wavelength of 632.8nm, the diameter of a light spot is 2mm, the light intensity distribution is Gaussian distribution), the number n of rectangular diaphragms in an equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8 is 7, each rectangular diaphragm is the same in size, the length h is 5mm, the width w is 0.3mm, and the distance s between every two adjacent rectangular diaphragms is 0.5mm, so that the number of a lens group 10, a photoelectric detector group 11 with an interference filter and a wave indicator group 12 which can focus the detection beams is 7, a container 13 is made of optical glass with high transmissivity at the wavelengths of 632.8nm and around 1064nm and filled with deionized water, an object 14 is a copper target (with the height of 6mm and the radius of a circular surface of 3mm), the fixed wall surface is circular surfaces, and a cavity 16 is focused on the central position of the fixed wall surface by Nd: YAG laser beams (with the wavelength of 1064nm and the pulse width of 7.
Step 2, under the condition that the object 14 with the fixed wall surface is ensured not to shield the detection light beam, adjusting each optical device to enable the detection light beam laser 1, the th cylindrical surface concave lens 2, the th adjustable optical slit 3, the th cylindrical surface convex lens 4, the second cylindrical surface concave lens 5, the second adjustable optical slit 6, the second cylindrical surface convex lens 7, the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8 and the third cylindrical surface concave lens 9 to be coaxial and equal in height, and adjusting the th adjustable optical slit 3 and the second adjustable optical slit 6 to be maximum in gap;
step 3, adjusting the distance between the th cylindrical concave lens 2 and the th cylindrical convex lens 4, enabling the probe light beam passing through the th cylindrical convex lens 4 to be parallel light beams, and enabling the combination of the th cylindrical concave lens 2 and the th cylindrical convex lens 4 to expand the light beams by 60 times in the direction of the refractive power meridian of the th cylindrical concave lens 2 and the th cylindrical convex lens 4;
step 4, narrowing the gap width of the th adjustable optical slit 3 until the probe beam reaching the th cylindrical convex lens 4 after passing through the th adjustable optical slit 3 does not exceed the effective focal plane of the th cylindrical convex lens 4;
step 5, adjusting the distance between the second cylindrical concave lens 5 and the second cylindrical convex lens 7, enabling the detection light beam passing through the second cylindrical convex lens 7 to be parallel light beams, and enabling the combination of the second cylindrical concave lens 5 and the second cylindrical convex lens 7 to expand the beam by 72 times in the direction of the refractive power meridian of the second cylindrical concave lens 5 and the second cylindrical convex lens 7;
step 6, narrowing the gap width of the second adjustable optical slit 6 until the probe beam reaching the second cylindrical convex lens 7 after passing through the second adjustable optical slit 6 does not exceed the effective focusing surface of the second cylindrical convex lens 7, and the probe beam reaching the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8 after passing through the second cylindrical convex lens 7 can cover all the rectangular diaphragms of the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8, so that the probe beam passing through the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8 is adjusted into a row-shaped parallel probe beam with uniform light intensity distribution, and ensuring that the detection area width l n (w + s) -s of the row-shaped parallel probe beam is larger than the maximum diameter of the measured cavitation and smaller than the minimum radial size of the fixed wall surface of the object 14, wherein w is the width of each rectangular diaphragms in the equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8, and s is the distance between two adjacent rectangular diaphragms, in the embodiment, the minimum radial size of the fixed wall surface of the object 14, namely the diameter of the circular surface is 6mm, the maximum diameter of the cavitation on the target wall surface is not more than 5mm, and the detection area width l of the row-n (w + s) -0.5.0 × (w +0.5 mm) -0.5 x (s-0.5.0.5 mm);
step 7, adjusting the positions of the lens group 10 for focusing the detection light beams and the photoelectric detector group 11 with the interference filter, so that each detection light beams diffused by the third cylindrical concave lens 9 are respectively focused on the corresponding photoelectric detector in the photoelectric detector group 11 with the interference filter, and each signal voltages obtained by the oscillograph group 12 are maximum and are respectively marked as Vi(max)I is 1,2, …,7, processing oscillograph signal by computer, and reading V1(max)＝1.69V，V2(max)＝1.71V，V3(max)＝1.72V，V4(max)＝1.75V，V5(max)＝1.73V，V6(max)＝1.71V，V7(max)＝1.70V；
Step 8, completely shielding the detection light beam, recording the signal voltage obtained on the oscillograph group 12 at the moment, and respectively recording as Vi(min)Processing oscilloscope signals by a computerReadable D1(min)＝0.01V，V2(min)＝0.01V，V3(min)＝0.01V，V4(min)＝0.01V，V5(min)＝0.01V，V6(min)＝0.01V，V7(min)＝0.01V；
Step 9, adjusting the multidimensional translation stage 15 to enable the propagation direction of the row-shaped parallel detection beams to be parallel to the fixed wall surface of the object 14, enabling the perpendicular bisector of the fixed wall surface of the object 14 to be located at the central position of the row-shaped parallel detection beams, continuously adjusting the multidimensional translation stage 15 to enable the fixed wall surface of the object 14 to move towards the row-shaped parallel detection beams, observing the waveform change of the oscillograph group 12, fixing the multidimensional translation stage 15 after the waveform signal voltage of each oscillographs in the oscillograph group 12 is obviously reduced, and recording each signal voltages obtained by the oscillograph group 12 at the moment, and respectively marking as Vi(initial)Processing the oscilloscope signal by a computer to obtain V1(initial)＝1.49V，V2(initial)＝1.52V，V3(initial)＝1.55V，V4(initial)＝1.58V，V5(initial)＝1.58V，V6(initial)＝1.55V，V7(initial)＝1.56V；
Step 10, generating a measured cavity 16 on a fixed wall surface of an object 14 by using high-energy laser, ensuring that the center of the row-shaped parallel detection beam passes through the generation position of the measured cavity 16, and recording the waveforms of the electric signals displayed in the oscillograph group 12 at the moment, which are respectively marked as Vi(t)；
Step 11, taking the generating position of the detected cavitation 16 as a coordinate origin o, the axial meridian of the th cylindrical concave lens 2 as an x-axis, the long symmetric axis of the second adjustable optical slit 6 as a y-axis, and establishing a spatial variation relationship, caused by the detected cavitation 16, of each detection point in the xoy plane of the detection area as follows:
Figure BDA0002237225270000091
Figure BDA0002237225270000092
Figure BDA0002237225270000093
Figure BDA0002237225270000102
Figure BDA0002237225270000104
in the formula, f (x)i) Is the change of the coordinate Y of the vacuolar wall on the Y axis with time, xiThe abscissa of the ith detection point is; by analyzing the spatial variation relationship, the dynamic behavior of the cavitation on the solid wall surface of the object 14 in the detection region can be obtained. The specific analysis process is as follows:
electric signal waveform V obtained by using coordinate origin in xoy plane, namely detection point of bubble generation position on fixed wall surface4(t) is shown in fig. 2, and the change relation of the coordinate Y of the vacuole bubble wall on the fixed wall surface in the xoy plane along the Y axis with time can be obtained through formula conversion (shown in fig. 3). And for a detection point of the coordinate origin, the coordinate of the cavity bubble wall of the detection point on the y axis is the radius of the cavity. The maximum bubble radius R of the cavity on the fixed wall surface in the y-axis direction can be obtainedmax1.75mm, th pulse period T of cavitationos1＝324μs。
And (4) carrying out the same analysis on the other 6 detection points to obtain a coordinate position diagram of the vacuole bubble wall of each detection point in the xoy plane at any moment. FIG. 4 shows that the cavitation expansion is maximized, i.e., TmaxThe coordinate position of the bubble wall of each detection point in the xoy plane of the time bubble 162 mu s is obtained, and therefore the rough appearance graph of the bubble on the fixed wall surface at the time is obtained. By analyzing the vacuole shapes at different moments, the method can be realizedAnd (5) detecting the dynamic behavior of the cavity on the fixed wall surface.
The multi-point detection method for millimeter-scale vacuoles on a fixed wall surface mainly has the premise that row-shaped detection light beams with uniform light intensity distribution are generated, the basic principle is that on the basis of detection light beams with Gaussian light intensity spatial distribution, a part with a relatively slow light intensity change in a central area of the Gaussian detection light beams is extracted through an optical element group, the row-shaped detection light beams with uniform light intensity distribution are generated through an equidistant rectangular diaphragm 8, after the multi-point detection device for the millimeter-scale vacuoles on the fixed wall surface is built, the light intensity distribution uniformity of each beams of ' word line' detection light beams in the row-shaped detection light beams needs to be verified, the specific method is to shield each beams of ' word' detection light beams in the Y-axis direction step by step and read corresponding voltage values displayed by an oscilloscope, namely, the length of the selected ' word' detection light beams is shielded at first, the voltage values of the oscilloscope are read, then the length of the ' word' detection light beams is shielded in sequence, the voltage values of the oscilloscope is read, the length of the '' detection light beams are shielded until the selected ' word type' detection light beams are completely shielded, the uniformity of the detection light beams is read, the row-shaped detection light beams, and the length of each row-shaped detection lightCThe relationship graph of the Voltage received by the corresponding oscilloscope is shown in fig. 5, it can be seen that the light intensity distribution of the 7 " -shaped" probe beams in the example is relatively uniform, thereby showing that the fixed-wall millimeter-scale cavitation multi-point detection method is feasible.
The invention realizes the detection of millimeter-scale cavitation dynamic behavior on the solid wall surface through single measurement, and the method is simple and efficient.

Claims (10)

  1. The multipoint detection device of the millimeter-scale cavity on the fixed wall surface is characterized by comprising a detection beam laser (1), a -th cylindrical concave lens (2), a -th adjustable optical slit (3), a -th cylindrical convex lens (4), a second cylindrical concave lens (5), a second adjustable optical slit (6), a second cylindrical convex lens (7), an equidistant rectangular diaphragm (8), a third cylindrical concave lens (9), a lens group (10) for focusing the detection beam, a photoelectric detector group (11) with an interference filter, an oscillograph group (12), a container (13) provided with a detection light transmission window, an object (14) with the fixed wall surface and a multidimensional translation table (15);
    the equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm (8) comprises n rectangular diaphragms, the number of lenses contained in a lens group (10) for focusing detection beams, the number of photoelectric detectors contained in a photoelectric detector group (11) with interference filters and the number of oscilloscopes contained in an oscillograph group (12) are all n, a detection beam laser (1), a cylindrical concave lens (2), a adjustable optical slit (3), a cylindrical convex lens (4), a second cylindrical concave lens (5), a second adjustable optical slit (6), a second cylindrical convex lens (7), an equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm (8) and a third cylindrical concave lens (9) are coaxially arranged in sequence along the transmission direction of the detection beams, a container (13) with a detection beam transmission window is fixed on a multi-dimensional translation table (15) positioned between the equal-spacing rectangular diaphragm (8) and the third cylindrical concave lens (9), an object (14) with a fixed wall surface is fixed in the container (13) with the detection beam transmission window, the detection beam is focused by the detection beam (10), and the photoelectric detectors of the interference filters (11) are connected with the corresponding diffusion detectors in the photoelectric detectors (539) of the photoelectric detector group (11) corresponding to the interference filters (11).
  2. 2. The multipoint detection device of millimeter-scale cavity on fixed wall according to claim 1, wherein the axial meridian of cylindrical concave lens (2) and cylindrical convex lens (4) is in the same direction as the slit center line of adjustable optical slit (3).
  3. 3. Multipoint detection device of millimeter-scale cavitation on a solid wall surface according to claim 2, characterized in that the direction in the same direction is parallel to the solid wall surface of the object (14).
  4. 4. The multipoint detection device of millimeter-scale cavitation on the fixed wall surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the slit center line of the second adjustable optical slit (6) and the long symmetry axis of the equidistant rectangular diaphragm (8) are perpendicular to the fixed wall surface of the object (14) along the axial meridian of the second cylindrical concave lens (5), the second cylindrical convex lens (7) and the third cylindrical concave lens (9) and in the same direction, and the directions are perpendicular to the emission direction of the detection beam laser (1) and the slit center line of the adjustable optical slit (3) in pairs.
  5. 5. The multipoint detection device of millimeter-scale cavitation on a fixed wall surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, on the premise of no optical diffraction, the width of every rectangular diaphragms of the equidistant rectangular diaphragm (8) is less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
  6. 6. The multipoint detection device of millimeter-scale cavitation on fixed-wall surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection beam laser (1) adopts a He-Ne laser with gaussian distribution of light intensity distribution.
  7. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the He-Ne laser has a wavelength of 632.8nm and a spot diameter of 2 mm.
  8. 8. The method for detecting the multipoint detection device based on the millimeter-scale cavitation bubbles on the fixed wall surface of any in the claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
    step 1, generating a detection beam by using a detection beam laser (1);
    step 2, under the condition that an object (14) with a fixed wall surface does not shield the probe beam, adjusting each optical device to enable the probe beam laser (1), the th cylindrical surface concave lens (2), the th adjustable optical slit (3), the th cylindrical surface convex lens (4), the second cylindrical surface concave lens (5), the second adjustable optical slit (6), the second cylindrical surface convex lens (7), the equidistant rectangular diaphragm (8) and the third cylindrical surface concave lens (9) to be coaxial and equal in height, and adjusting the th adjustable optical slit (3) and the second adjustable optical slit (6) to be maximum in gap;
    and 3, adjusting the distance between the th cylindrical concave lens (2) and the th cylindrical convex lens (4), enabling the probe light beam passing through the th cylindrical convex lens (4) to be a parallel light beam, and simultaneously expanding the beam by m times in the direction of a refractive power meridian of the th cylindrical concave lens (2) and the th cylindrical convex lens (4) through the combination of the th cylindrical concave lens (2) and the th cylindrical convex lens (4).
    Step 4, narrowing the gap width of the th adjustable optical slit (3) until the probe beam reaching the th cylindrical convex lens (4) after passing through the th adjustable optical slit (3) does not exceed the effective focal plane of the th cylindrical convex lens (4);
    step 5, adjusting the distance between the second cylindrical concave lens (5) and the second cylindrical convex lens (7), enabling the detection light beam passing through the second cylindrical convex lens (7) to be a parallel light beam, and enabling the combination of the second cylindrical concave lens (5) and the second cylindrical convex lens (7) to expand the beam m times in the direction of the refractive power meridian of the second cylindrical concave lens (5) and the second cylindrical convex lens (7);
    step 6, narrowing the gap width of the second adjustable optical slit (6) until the detection light beam reaching the second cylindrical convex lens (7) after passing through the second adjustable optical slit (6) does not exceed the effective focusing surface of the second cylindrical convex lens (7), and the detection light beam reaching the equidistant rectangular diaphragm (8) after passing through the second cylindrical convex lens (7) can cover all the rectangular diaphragms of the equidistant rectangular diaphragm (8), so that the detection light beam passing through the equidistant rectangular diaphragm (8) is adjusted into a row-shaped parallel detection light beam with uniform light intensity distribution, and the detection area width l of the row-shaped parallel detection light beam is ensured to be larger than the maximum diameter of the measured vacuole and smaller than the minimum radial size of the fixed wall surface of the object (14), wherein w is the width of each rectangular diaphragms in the equidistant rectangular diaphragm (8), and s is the distance between two adjacent rectangular diaphragms;
    step 7, adjusting the positions of the lens group (10) for focusing the detection light beams and the photoelectric detector group (11) with the interference filter, so that each detection light beams diffused by the third cylindrical concave lens (9) are respectively focused on the corresponding photoelectric detector in the photoelectric detector group (11) with the interference filter, and each signal voltages obtained by the oscillograph group (12) are maximum and are respectively marked as Vi(max)，i＝1,2,…,n；
    Step 8, completely shielding the detection light beam, recording the signal voltage obtained on the oscillograph group (12) at the moment, and respectively recording the signal voltage as Vi(min)；
    Step 9, adjusting the multidimensional translation stage (15) to enable the propagation direction of the row-shaped parallel detection beams to be parallel to the fixed wall surface of the object (14), enabling the midperpendicular of the fixed wall surface of the object (14) to be located at the central position of the row-shaped parallel detection beams, continuously adjusting the multidimensional translation stage (15) to enable the fixed wall surface of the object (14) to move towards the row-shaped parallel detection beams, observing the waveform change of the oscillograph group (12), fixing the multidimensional translation stage (15) after the waveform signal voltages of each oscillographs in the oscillograph group (12) are obviously reduced, and recording each signal voltages obtained by the oscillograph group (12) at the moment and respectively marking as Vi(initial)；
    Step 10, generating a measured cavity (16) on a fixed wall surface of an object (14) by using high-energy laser, ensuring that the center of a row-shaped parallel detection beam passes through the generation position of the measured cavity (16), and recording the waveforms of electric signals displayed in an oscillograph group (12) at the moment, wherein the waveforms are respectively marked as Vi(t)；
    And step 11, taking the generation position of the detected cavity (16) as a coordinate origin o, the axial meridian of the th cylindrical concave lens (2) as an x-axis, and the long symmetrical axis of the second adjustable optical slit (6) as a y-axis, establishing a spatial variation relation of each detection point in the xoy plane of the detection area, which is caused by the detected cavity (16), and analyzing the spatial variation relation to obtain the dynamic behavior of the cavity on the fixed wall surface of the object (14) in the detection area.
  9. 9. The method for multipoint detection of millimeter-sized cavitation on a solid wall surface according to claim 8, characterized in that m in steps 3 and 5 is equal to or greater than 60.
  10. 10. The multipoint detection method for millimeter-scale cavitation bubbles on a fixed wall surface according to claim 8, characterized in that, the formula of the spatial variation relation of each detection point in the xoy plane of the detection area caused by the measured cavitation bubble (16) in step 11 is:
    Figure FDA0002237225260000031
    wherein h is the length of each rectangular diaphragms in the rectangular diaphragms (8) with equal spacing, and f (x)i) Is the change of the coordinate Y of the vacuolar wall on the Y axis with time, xiThe abscissa of the ith probe point.
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