CN110736656A - phytoplankton concentrating device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a phytoplankton concentration device and a method, aiming at solving the problem of uneven mixing of a fixed liquid and a phytoplankton water sample during the phytoplankton concentration process, easy to take away phytoplankton in the process of sucking out the supernatant liquid, and increasing later detection errors of insufficiency. The invention comprises a concentrating cylinder, an outer sleeve placed outside the concentrating cylinder, a guide tube that penetrates up and down is installed in the concentrating cylinder, a fixed liquid injection cavity is formed between the outer wall of the concentrating cylinder and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and a piston ring is installed in the fixed liquid injection cavity, The piston ring is connected to the piston rod, and several one-way inlet valves are installed on the side wall of the concentrating cylinder from top to bottom at intervals; the guide pipe is covered with a lifting sleeve, the lower part of the lifting sleeve is provided with a mounting seat, and the side wall of the mounting seat is provided with a ring A ring-shaped isolation airbag is installed in the ring groove, and there is a ventilation hole in the lifting sleeve. After the isolation airbag is inflated, it is sealed and attached to the inner wall of the concentrating cylinder, so that the cavity above the isolation airbag and the cavity below the isolation airbag are sealed in the concentrating cylinder. isolation.

Description

Device and method for concentrating phytoplankton

technical field

The present invention relates to a phytoplankton concentration technology, more particularly, it relates to a phytoplankton concentration device and method.

Background technique

At present, the investigation and analysis of phytoplankton is essential in ecological environment investigation and research. However, because phytoplankton is small and has a low density in the water body, it is necessary to concentrate the water samples when identifying and counting. In order to conveniently and quickly concentrate a large number of phytoplankton samples, many technical solutions have been invented. The commonly used method is to put the sample into a concentration bottle, then add a fixative solution to the concentration bottle, let the sample stand for a period of time, and use a siphon way to remove the supernatant, leaving the concentrate. This concentration method is easy to operate, but the uneven mixing of the fixative and the sample makes the sample prone to local deterioration, the supernatant and the concentrated solution are not well separated, and the phytoplankton in the sample is easily lost, which increases the later detection error.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention overcomes the shortcomings of uneven mixing of the immobilized liquid and the phytoplankton water sample in the phytoplankton concentration process, easy to take away the phytoplankton in the process of sucking out the supernatant liquid, and increasing the later detection error, and provides a phytoplankton concentration device and In the process of phytoplankton concentration, the immobilized solution and the phytoplankton water sample are mixed evenly, the water sample is not easy to deteriorate, and the supernatant liquid will not take away the phytoplankton during the separation process of the supernatant and the phytoplankton concentrate, which ensures the accuracy of later detection.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a phytoplankton concentrating device, comprising a concentrating cylinder and an outer sleeve placed outside the concentrating cylinder; , the lower end of the guide tube is close to the bottom of the concentration cylinder, a fixed solution injection cavity is formed between the outer wall of the concentration cylinder and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a piston ring is installed in the fixed solution injection cavity, the piston ring is connected to the piston rod, and the side wall of the concentration cylinder is from top to bottom. Several turns of one-way liquid inlet valves are installed at intervals. The lower end of the concentrating cylinder is provided with a feeding hole, and a feeding valve is installed in the feeding hole; a lifting sleeve is installed on the guide pipe, and a mounting seat is arranged on the lower part of the lifting sleeve. Ring groove, a ring-shaped isolation air bag is installed in the ring groove, and the lifting sleeve is provided with a ventilation hole for inflating and deflating the isolation air bag. The cavity is hermetically isolated from the cavity below the isolation bladder.

When using the phytoplankton concentration device, first pour the quantitative phytoplankton water sample obtained by sampling into the concentration cylinder; extract the quantitative fixative solution into the fixative solution injection cavity through the piston ring; press the piston ring downward by the piston rod to inject the fixative solution The fixed liquid in the cavity is injected into the concentration cylinder through the one-way liquid inlet valve to fix the phytoplankton and prevent the phytoplankton from deteriorating. At this time, the mounting seat at the lower end of the lifting sleeve is placed above the liquid level in the concentration cylinder; the concentration cylinder is left standing for 20 -25 hours, a supernatant layer and a phytoplankton concentrate layer are formed in the concentration cylinder; move the lift sleeve down so that the mount gently enters the supernatant layer until the mount reaches the supernatant layer and phytoplankton concentrate The separation of the layers is at the upper position, and the air is inflated into the air hole to make the isolation air bag bulge outward until the isolation air bag is tightly attached to the inner wall of the concentration cylinder, at which time the supernatant layer and the phytoplankton concentrate layer are completely isolated; Place the receiving cup under the concentration cylinder, open the feeding valve, the phytoplankton concentrate layer in the concentration cylinder falls down into the receiving cup under the action of gravity; after all the phytoplankton concentrate falls into the receiving cup, remove the receiving cup , place a waste liquid cup under the concentrating cylinder, deflate the isolation airbag, and the supernatant liquid falls into the waste liquid cup through the feeding hole.

Several circles of one-way liquid inlet valves installed at intervals from top to bottom on the side wall of the concentration cylinder inject the fixative solution into the concentration tube, so that the mixing of the fixative solution and the phytoplankton water sample is more uniform, so that the phytoplankton water sample is not easy to deteriorate. During the separation process of the supernatant and phytoplankton concentrate, the isolation air bag is used to block the two to completely isolate the two, and then the phytoplankton concentrate flows down into the receiving cup, and finally the supernatant liquid flows down after the isolation air bag is deflated. in the waste cup. There is no phenomenon that the supernatant takes away the concentrate in the whole process. During the phytoplankton concentration process, the fixative and the phytoplankton water sample are mixed evenly, the water sample is not easy to deteriorate, and the supernatant liquid will not take away phytoplankton during the separation process of the supernatant and the phytoplankton concentrate, which ensures the accuracy of later detection.

Preferably, the piston ring includes an outer plug ring and an inner plug ring, the inner plug ring is tightly sleeved in the outer plug ring, the piston rod is connected to the inner plug ring, the outer plug ring is connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod and the piston rod are detachably connected The fixed solution injection cavity includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the radial width of the upper cavity is greater than the radial width of the lower cavity, a transition surface is arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the piston ring and the upper cavity are matched, and the inner plug ring can be into the lower chamber.

During the mixing stage of the fixative solution and the phytoplankton water sample, the piston ring stops moving after contacting the transition surface. After all the phytoplankton concentrate falls into the receiving cup, separate the connecting rod from the piston rod, press the piston rod downward, and push the inner plug ring downward, and the inner plug ring will feed the fixed liquid in the lower cavity through one-way liquid feeding. The valve is injected into the concentrated phytoplankton liquid layer in the concentration cylinder to clean the phytoplankton remaining on the inner wall of the concentration cylinder, and the cleaned liquid falls down into the receiving cup. The phytoplankton remaining on the inner wall of the concentrating cylinder is greatly reduced, and the detection accuracy is improved.

Preferably, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a locking screw, and the locking screw is threadedly connected on the piston rod. The connecting rod and the piston rod are connected by locking screws, the connection is reliable, and the connection and disassembly are convenient.

Preferably, the upper end of the piston rod is connected with a push-pull ring, a plurality of piston rods are evenly connected to the piston ring, and the upper ends of all the piston rods are connected to the same push-pull ring. The operation is more convenient by pushing and pulling the piston rod by pushing and pulling the ring.

Preferably, a plurality of support rods are evenly connected to the upper end of the concentration cylinder, the upper part of the guide pipe is connected to a fixing frame, and the upper ends of the support rods are all tightly connected to the fixing frame. This structural arrangement provides sufficient lifting space for the lifting sleeve.

Preferably, the lower part of the concentrating cylinder is in the shape of a cone with a large upper and a small lower, a feeding pipe is arranged at the lower end of the concentrating cylinder, and the feeding hole is placed in the feeding pipe. This structure arrangement facilitates the feeding of the concentrate.

Preferably, the lower end of the outer sleeve is connected to a liquid suction pipe, and a liquid suction valve is installed on the liquid suction pipe. The setting of the suction pipe and the suction valve facilitates the extraction of the fixative from the fixative injection chamber.

Preferably, the upper part of the lifting sleeve is connected with a fastening screw, and the front end of the fastening screw abuts on the outer wall of the guide tube. The locking of the lifting sleeve by the fastening screw is convenient and reliable.

A concentration method utilizing a phytoplankton concentration device, comprising the following steps: a. pouring a quantitative phytoplankton water sample obtained by sampling into a concentration cylinder; b. extracting a quantitative fixative solution through a piston ring into a fixative solution injection cavity; c. The piston ring is pressed down by the piston rod, and the fixative solution in the fixative solution injection cavity is injected into the concentration cylinder through the one-way inlet valve to fix the phytoplankton and prevent the phytoplankton from deteriorating. The piston ring stops when it touches the transition surface. Move, at this time, the mounting seat at the lower end of the lifting sleeve is placed above the liquid level in the concentration cylinder; d. The concentration cylinder is left standing for 20-25 hours, and a supernatant layer and a phytoplankton concentrate layer are formed in the concentration cylinder; e, downward Move the lifting sleeve so that the mounting seat gently enters the supernatant layer until the mounting seat reaches the upper position where the supernatant layer and the phytoplankton concentrate layer are separated, and inflate the air hole to make the isolation air bag bulge outwards , until the isolation airbag is closely attached to the inner wall of the concentration cylinder; f. Place a receiving cup under the concentration cylinder, open the feeding valve, and the phytoplankton concentrate layer in the concentration cylinder falls down into the receiving cup under the action of gravity; g . After all the phytoplankton concentrate falls into the receiving cup, separate the connecting rod from the piston rod, press the piston rod downward, and push the inner plug ring downward, and the inner plug ring will push the fixed liquid in the lower cavity through one-way feeding. The liquid valve is injected into the concentrated phytoplankton liquid layer in the concentration cylinder, and the phytoplankton remaining on the inner wall of the concentration cylinder is cleaned, and the cleaned liquid falls down into the receiving cup; h. Remove the receiving cup and place it under the concentration cylinder A waste liquid cup is placed, the isolation air bag is deflated, the supernatant liquid falls, and falls into the waste liquid cup through the feeding hole.

During the phytoplankton concentration process, the fixative and the phytoplankton water sample are mixed evenly, the water sample is not easy to deteriorate, and the supernatant liquid will not take away phytoplankton during the separation process of the supernatant and the phytoplankton concentrate, which ensures the accuracy of later detection.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: during the phytoplankton concentration process, the immobilized liquid and the phytoplankton water sample are evenly mixed, the water sample is not easily deteriorated, and the supernatant liquid will not be in the process of separating the supernatant from the phytoplankton concentrate. Take away phytoplankton to ensure the accuracy of later detection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention;

In the picture: 1. Concentrating cylinder, 2. Outer sleeve, 3. Guide tube, 4. Fixed solution injection cavity, 5. Piston rod, 6. One-way inlet valve, 7. Feeding hole, 8. Feeding valve , 9, Lifting sleeve, 10, Fastening screw, 11, Mounting seat, 12, Ring groove, 13, Isolation air bag, 14, Ventilation hole, 15, Inflatable tube, 16, Outer plug ring, 17, Inner plug ring, 18 , connecting rod, 19, upper cavity, 20, lower cavity, 21, transition surface, 22, locking screw, 23, push-pull ring, 24, connecting ring, 25, strut, 26, fixing frame, 27, feeding tube , 28, suction tube, 29, bracket, 30, supernatant layer, 31, phytoplankton concentrate layer.

Detailed ways

Below by specific embodiment, and in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail:

Example: a phytoplankton concentration device (see Figure 1 ), comprising a concentration tube 1, an outer sleeve 2 placed outside the concentration tube, a guide tube 3 that runs through up and down in the concentration tube, and the upper end of the guide tube extends out of the concentration tube, The lower end of the guide tube is close to the bottom of the concentrating cylinder. A fixed liquid injection cavity 4 is formed between the outer wall of the concentrating cylinder and the inner wall of the outer sleeve. A piston ring is installed in the fixed liquid injection cavity. A number of one-way liquid inlet valves 6 are installed on the side wall of the concentration cylinder from top to bottom at intervals, and several one-way liquid inlet valves are arranged evenly in each circle. Valve 8; a lifting sleeve 9 is set on the guide tube, the upper part of the lifting sleeve is connected with a fastening screw 10, the front end of the fastening screw abuts on the outer wall of the guide tube, the lower part of the lifting sleeve is provided with a mounting seat 11, and the side wall of the mounting seat is provided with a ring Slot 12, an annular isolation airbag 13 is installed in the ring groove, a ventilation hole 14 for inflating and deflating the isolation airbag is provided in the lifting sleeve, the ventilation hole extends to the upper position of the lifting sleeve, and the upper end of the ventilation hole is connected to the inflation tube 15. A valve is installed, and the isolation air bag is fully inflated and tightly attached to the inner wall of the concentrating cylinder, so that the cavity above the isolating air bag and the cavity below the isolating air bag in the concentrating cylinder are sealed and isolated. Both the concentration cylinder and the outer sleeve are transparent.

The piston ring includes an outer plug ring 16 and an inner plug ring 17, the inner plug ring is tightly sleeved in the outer plug ring, the piston rod is connected to the inner plug ring, the outer plug ring is connected with a connecting rod 18, and the connecting rod and the piston rod are detachably connected The fixed solution injection cavity includes an upper cavity 19 and a lower cavity 20, the radial width of the upper cavity is greater than the radial width of the lower cavity, and a transition surface 21 is provided between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and the transition surface is inclined from the outside to the inside. , the piston ring is adapted to the upper chamber, and the inner plug ring can enter the lower chamber. The lower end face of the outer plug ring is adapted to the transition face. The upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a locking screw 22, and the locking screw is threaded on the piston rod. The upper end of the piston rod is connected to the push-pull ring 23 , a plurality of piston rods are evenly connected to the piston ring, and the upper ends of all the piston rods are connected to the same push-pull ring. The upper ends of the connecting rods are connected with a connecting ring 24, the upper ends of all connecting rods are tightly connected with the connecting rings, and the locking screws are connected between the connecting rings and the piston rod.

The upper end of the concentrating cylinder is evenly connected with a plurality of support rods 25, the upper part of the guide pipe is connected with a fixing frame 26, and the upper ends of the support rods are all tightly connected with the fixing frame. The lower part of the concentrating cylinder is in the shape of a cone with a large upper and a small lower. The lower end of the concentrating cylinder is provided with a feeding pipe 27, and the feeding hole is placed in the feeding pipe. The lower end of the outer sleeve is connected to a liquid suction pipe 28, and a liquid suction valve is installed on the liquid suction pipe. The lower end of the outer sleeve is evenly connected with a plurality of brackets 29, and the lower end of the bracket is lower than the feeding tube, which is convenient for the feeding of the feeding tube.

A concentration method utilizing a phytoplankton concentration device, comprising the following steps: a. pouring a quantitative phytoplankton water sample obtained by sampling into a concentration cylinder; b. extracting a quantitative fixative solution through a piston ring into a fixative solution injection cavity, and the fixative solution Use Lugol's solution; c. Press down the piston ring through the piston rod, and inject the fixative in the fixative injection cavity into the concentration cylinder through the one-way inlet valve to fix the phytoplankton and prevent the phytoplankton from deteriorating. The ring stops moving after contacting the transition surface. At this time, the mounting seat of the lower end of the lifting sleeve is placed above the liquid level in the concentration cylinder; d. The concentration cylinder is left standing for 20-25 hours, and the supernatant layer 30 and the floating layer are formed in the concentration cylinder. Plant concentrated liquid layer 31; e. Move the lifting sleeve downward to make the mounting seat gently enter the supernatant liquid layer, until the mounting seat reaches the upper position where the supernatant liquid layer and the phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer are separated, and move toward the ventilation hole. Inflate inside to make the isolation air bag bulge outward until the isolation air bag is closely attached to the inner wall of the concentration cylinder; f. Place a receiving cup under the concentration cylinder, open the feeding valve, and the phytoplankton concentrate layer in the concentration cylinder is subjected to gravity The action falls down into the receiving cup; g. After all the phytoplankton concentrate falls into the receiving cup, separate the connecting rod from the piston rod, press the piston rod downward, and push the inner plug ring down, and the inner plug ring will The fixed liquid in the lower chamber is injected into the concentrated phytoplankton layer in the concentration cylinder through the one-way inlet valve, and the phytoplankton remaining on the inner wall of the concentration cylinder is cleaned, and the cleaned liquid falls down into the receiving cup; h, Remove the receiving cup, place the waste liquid cup under the concentrating cylinder, deflate the isolation airbag, and the supernatant liquid falls into the waste liquid cup through the feeding hole.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred solutions of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. There are other variations and modifications under the premise of not exceeding the technical solutions recorded in the claims.

Claims (9)

1. The phytoplankton concentrating device is characterized by comprising a concentrating cylinder and an outer sleeve arranged outside the concentrating cylinder, wherein a guide pipe which is communicated up and down is arranged in the concentrating cylinder, the upper end of the guide pipe extends out of the concentrating cylinder, the lower end of the guide pipe is close to the bottom of the concentrating cylinder, a fixed liquid injection cavity is formed between the outer wall of the concentrating cylinder and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a piston ring is arranged in the fixed liquid injection cavity, the piston ring is connected with a piston rod, a plurality of circles of one-way liquid inlet valves are arranged on the side wall of the concentrating cylinder at intervals from top to bottom, a discharging hole is formed in the lower end of the concentrating cylinder, a discharging valve is arranged in the discharging hole, a lifting sleeve is sleeved on the guide pipe, a mounting seat is arranged at the lower part of the lifting sleeve, a ring groove is formed in the side wall of the mounting seat, an annular isolating air bag is arranged in the ring groove, an air hole for charging and discharging air for the isolating.
2. 2. The phytoplankton concentrating device according to claim 1, wherein the piston ring comprises an outer plug ring and an inner plug ring, the inner plug ring is tightly sleeved in the outer plug ring, the piston rod is connected to the inner plug ring, the outer plug ring is connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod is detachably connected to the piston rod, the fixing liquid injection cavity comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the radial width of the upper cavity is larger than that of the lower cavity, a transition surface is arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the piston ring is matched with the upper cavity, and the inner plug ring can enter the lower cavity.
3. 3. The plant plankton concentrating device of claim 2, wherein the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a locking screw, and the locking screw is screwed on the piston rod.
4. 4. The phytoplankton concentrating device according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the piston rod is connected with a push-pull ring, a plurality of piston rods are uniformly connected to the piston ring, and the upper ends of all the piston rods are connected to the same push-pull ring.
5. 5. The phytoplankton concentrating device according to claim 1, wherein the concentrating drum has a plurality of support rods uniformly connected to the upper end thereof, the guide tube has a fixed frame connected to the upper portion thereof, and the upper ends of the support rods are fastened to the fixed frame.
6. 6. The plant phytoplankton concentrating device of any one of claims 1 to 5 and , wherein the lower part of the concentrating cylinder is in a tapered structure with a large top and a small bottom, the lower end of the concentrating cylinder is provided with a blanking pipe, and a blanking hole is arranged in the blanking pipe.
7. 7. The phytoplankton concentrating device of any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the lower end of the outer sleeve is communicated with a liquid extracting pipe, and a liquid extracting valve is arranged on the liquid extracting pipe.
8. 8. The plant phytoplankton concentrating device of any one of claims 1 to 5 to , wherein a fastening screw is connected to the upper part of the lifting sleeve, and the front end of the fastening screw abuts against the outer wall of the guide pipe.
9. A concentration method utilizing the phytoplankton concentration device as claimed in claim 2, characterized by comprising the steps of a, pouring a certain amount of phytoplankton water sample obtained by sampling into a concentration cylinder, b, pumping a certain amount of fixing liquid into a fixing liquid injection cavity through a piston ring, c, pressing the piston ring downwards through a piston rod, injecting the fixing liquid in the fixing liquid injection cavity into the concentration cylinder through a one-way liquid inlet valve, fixing the phytoplankton, preventing the phytoplankton from deteriorating, stopping moving after the piston ring abuts against a transition surface, placing an installation seat at the lower end of a lifting sleeve above the liquid level in the concentration cylinder, d, standing the concentration cylinder for 20-25 hours, forming a supernatant layer and a phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer in the concentration cylinder, e, moving the lifting sleeve downwards, enabling the installation seat to slightly enter the supernatant layer until the installation seat reaches an upper position above the separation position of the supernatant layer and the phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer, inflating a vent hole to enable an isolation air bag to bulge out, enabling the isolation air bag to tightly attach to the inner wall of the concentration cylinder, f, placing a material receiving cup below the material receiving cup, opening a material receiving cup, opening the material receiving cup, dropping a connecting rod, placing the piston rod in the concentration cup, pushing the piston rod, and the concentration cup, and discharging the concentrated liquid from the concentration cup, and discharging the concentrated liquid.

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