CN110736656A - phytoplankton concentrating device and method - Google Patents

phytoplankton concentrating device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110736656A
CN110736656A CN201910876421.3A CN201910876421A CN110736656A CN 110736656 A CN110736656 A CN 110736656A CN 201910876421 A CN201910876421 A CN 201910876421A CN 110736656 A CN110736656 A CN 110736656A
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China
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phytoplankton
concentrating
cylinder
ring
liquid
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CN201910876421.3A
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CN110736656B (en
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朱荣
张玉荣
郭远明
严峻
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Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute
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Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4077Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4077Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
    • G01N2001/4083Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids sedimentation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a phytoplankton concentrating device and a method, aiming at solving the defects that in the phytoplankton concentrating process, a fixing liquid and a phytoplankton water sample are not uniformly mixed, the phytoplankton is easily taken away in the process of sucking supernatant, and the detection error in the later period is increased.

Description

phytoplankton concentrating device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a phytoplankton concentration technology, in particular to a phytoplankton concentration device and method.
Background
At present, in the investigation and research of ecological environment, the investigation and analysis of phytoplankton are indispensable, but since the phytoplankton is small in size and low in density in a water body, a water sample needs to be concentrated when being identified and counted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects that the fixed liquid and the phytoplankton water sample are not uniformly mixed in the phytoplankton concentration process, the phytoplankton is easily taken away in the process of sucking out the supernatant, and the detection error in the later period is increased, and provides phytoplankton concentration devices and methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the phytoplankton concentrating device comprises a concentrating cylinder and an outer sleeve arranged outside the concentrating cylinder, wherein a guide pipe which is communicated up and down is arranged in the concentrating cylinder, the upper end of the guide pipe extends out of the concentrating cylinder, the lower end of the guide pipe is close to the bottom of the concentrating cylinder, a fixing liquid injection cavity is formed between the outer wall of the concentrating cylinder and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a piston ring is arranged in the fixing liquid injection cavity, the piston ring is connected with a piston rod, a plurality of circles of one-way liquid inlet valves are arranged on the side wall of the concentrating cylinder at intervals from top to bottom, a discharging hole is arranged at the lower end of the concentrating cylinder, a discharging valve is arranged in the discharging hole, a lifting sleeve is sleeved on the guide pipe, a mounting seat is arranged at the lower part of the lifting sleeve, a circles of ring grooves are arranged on the side wall of the mounting seat, an annular isolating air bag is arranged in the ring groove, a vent hole.
When the phytoplankton concentrating device is used, firstly, pouring a quantitative phytoplankton water sample obtained by sampling into a concentrating cylinder; pumping a fixed amount of stationary liquid into the stationary liquid injection cavity through the piston ring; the piston ring is pressed downwards through the piston rod, the fixing liquid in the fixing liquid injection cavity is injected into the concentration cylinder through the one-way liquid inlet valve to fix phytoplankton and prevent the phytoplankton from deteriorating, and the mounting seat at the lower end of the lifting sleeve is arranged above the liquid level in the concentration cylinder; standing the concentration cylinder for 20-25 hours to form a supernatant layer and a phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer in the concentration cylinder; moving the lifting sleeve downwards to enable the mounting seat to slightly enter the upper clear liquid layer until the mounting seat reaches the upper position of the separation position of the upper clear liquid layer and the phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer, inflating the vent holes to enable the isolation air bags to bulge outwards until the isolation air bags are tightly attached to the inner wall of the concentration barrel, and at the moment, completely isolating the upper clear liquid layer from the phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer; placing a receiving cup below the concentration cylinder, opening a discharging valve, and allowing a phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer in the concentration cylinder to fall into the receiving cup under the action of gravity; and after all the phytoplankton concentrated solution falls into the receiving cup, removing the receiving cup, placing a waste liquid cup below the concentrating cylinder, deflating the isolating air bag, and allowing the supernatant to fall into the waste liquid cup through the discharging hole.
From the one-way feed liquor valve of a plurality of circles of interval installation from top to bottom on the concentrated section of thick bamboo lateral wall to pour into the stationary liquid into in the concentrated section of thick bamboo, make the mixing of stationary liquid and phytoplankton water sample more even, make the phytoplankton water sample difficult rotten. And in the separation process of the supernatant and the phytoplankton concentrated solution, the separation is carried out through the separation air bag, so that the supernatant and the phytoplankton concentrated solution are completely separated, then the phytoplankton concentrated solution flows downwards into the material receiving cup, and finally the supernatant flows downwards into the waste liquid cup after the separation air bag is deflated. The phenomenon that the concentrated solution is taken away by the supernatant does not exist in the whole process. The fixing liquid and the phytoplankton water sample are uniformly mixed in the phytoplankton concentration process, the water sample is not easy to deteriorate, the phytoplankton can not be taken away by the supernatant in the separation process of the supernatant and the phytoplankton concentrated liquid, and the later-stage detection accuracy is ensured.
Preferably, the piston ring comprises an outer plug ring and an inner plug ring, the inner plug ring is tightly sleeved in the outer plug ring, the piston rod is connected to the inner plug ring, the outer plug ring is connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is detachably connected with the piston rod; the stationary liquid injection cavity comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the radial width of the upper cavity is larger than that of the lower cavity, a transition surface is arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the piston ring is matched with the upper cavity, and the inner plug ring can enter the lower cavity.
And the piston ring stops moving after abutting against the transition surface in the mixing stage of the fixing liquid and the phytoplankton water sample. After the phytoplankton concentrated solution completely falls into the receiving cup, the connecting rod is separated from the piston rod, the piston rod is pressed downwards, the inner plug ring is pushed downwards, the fixing liquid in the lower cavity is injected into the position of the phytoplankton concentrated solution layer in the concentrating cylinder through the one-way liquid inlet valve by the inner plug ring, phytoplankton remained on the inner wall of the concentrating cylinder is cleaned, and the cleaned liquid falls downwards into the receiving cup. Greatly reduces the residual phytoplankton on the inner wall of the concentration cylinder and is beneficial to improving the detection accuracy.
Preferably, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a locking screw, and the locking screw is in threaded connection with the piston rod. The connecting rod and the piston rod are connected by the locking screw, so that the connection is reliable, and the connection and the disassembly are convenient.
Preferably, the upper end of the piston rod is connected with a push-pull ring, a plurality of piston rods are uniformly connected on the piston ring, and the upper ends of all the piston rods are connected to the same push-pull ring.
Preferably, the upper end of the concentration cylinder is uniformly connected with a plurality of supporting rods, the upper part of the guide pipe is connected with a fixing frame, and the upper ends of the supporting rods are fixedly connected with the fixing frame. This arrangement provides sufficient lifting space for the lifting sleeve.
Preferably, the lower part of the concentration cylinder is of a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the lower end of the concentration cylinder is provided with a blanking pipe, and a blanking hole is arranged in the blanking pipe. This kind of structure setting is convenient for the unloading of concentrate.
Preferably, the lower end of the outer sleeve is communicated with a liquid extracting pipe, and a liquid extracting valve is arranged on the liquid extracting pipe. The arrangement of the liquid extracting pipe and the liquid extracting valve is convenient for the stationary liquid injection cavity to extract the stationary liquid.
Preferably, a fastening screw is connected to an upper portion of the lifting sleeve, and a tip of the fastening screw abuts against an outer wall of the guide tube. The fastening screw is convenient and reliable to lock the lifting sleeve.
A method for concentrating phytoplankton by using the phytoplankton concentrating device includes such steps as sampling to obtain a quantitative phytoplankton water sample, pouring it into a concentrating cylinder, pumping it by piston ring to a fixed liquid injection cavity, pressing the piston ring by piston rod, injecting the fixed liquid in the fixed liquid injection cavity into the concentrating cylinder by a one-way liquid inlet valve to fix phytoplankton and prevent phytoplankton from deteriorating, stopping moving the piston ring after it is connected to transition surface, setting the installation seat at the lower end of the lifting sleeve above the liquid level in the concentrating cylinder, standing the concentrating cylinder for 20-25 hr to form supernatant and phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer, moving the lifting sleeve downward to make the installation seat enter the supernatant layer slightly until the installation seat reaches the position above the separation position between supernatant and phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer, inflating the air bag until the isolating air bag is tightly attached to the inner wall of the concentrating cylinder, setting a material receiving cup below the concentrating cylinder, opening the material discharge valve, discharging the plant concentrating cup, and discharging the concentrated liquid into the concentrating cup, and discharging the concentrated liquid.
The fixing liquid and the phytoplankton water sample are uniformly mixed in the phytoplankton concentration process, the water sample is not easy to deteriorate, the phytoplankton can not be taken away by the supernatant in the separation process of the supernatant and the phytoplankton concentrated liquid, and the later-stage detection accuracy is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the fixing liquid and the phytoplankton water sample are uniformly mixed in the phytoplankton concentration process, the water sample is not easy to deteriorate, the phytoplankton can not be taken away by the supernatant in the separation process of the supernatant and the phytoplankton concentrated liquid, and the later-stage detection accuracy is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of configurations of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a concentration barrel, 2, an outer sleeve, 3, a guide pipe, 4, a fixed liquid injection cavity, 5, a piston rod, 6, a one-way liquid inlet valve, 7, a discharging hole, 8, a discharging valve, 9, a lifting sleeve, 10, a fastening screw, 11, a mounting seat, 12, a ring groove, 13, an isolation air bag, 14, a vent hole, 15, an inflation pipe, 16, an outer plug ring, 17, an inner plug ring, 18, a connecting rod, 19, an upper cavity, 20, a lower cavity, 21, a transition surface, 22, a locking screw, 23, a push-pull ring, 24, a connecting ring, 25, a support rod, 26, a fixing frame, 27, a discharging pipe, 28, a liquid pumping pipe, 29, a support, 30, an upper clear liquid layer, 31 and a phytoplankton concentrated liquid.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in steps by using specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings:
the embodiment is that the phytoplankton concentrating device (see attached figure 1) comprises a concentrating cylinder 1 and an outer sleeve 2 arranged outside the concentrating cylinder, wherein a guide pipe 3 which is communicated up and down is arranged in the concentrating cylinder, the upper end of the guide pipe extends out of the concentrating cylinder, the lower end of the guide pipe is close to the bottom of the concentrating cylinder, a fixing liquid injection cavity 4 is formed between the outer wall of the concentrating cylinder and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a piston ring is arranged in the fixing liquid injection cavity, a piston rod 5 is connected onto the piston ring, the upper end of the piston rod extends out of the outer sleeve, a plurality of circles of one-way liquid inlet valves 6 are arranged on the side wall of the concentrating cylinder at intervals from top to bottom, a plurality of one-way liquid inlet valves are uniformly distributed in each circle, a discharging hole 7 is arranged at the lower end of the concentrating cylinder, a discharging valve 8 is arranged in the discharging hole, a lifting sleeve 9 is sleeved on the guide pipe, a fastening screw 10 is connected to the upper part of the lifting sleeve, the front end of the fastening screw abuts against the outer wall of the guide pipe, a mounting seat 11 is arranged at the lower part of the lifting sleeve, a circular groove 12 is arranged on the side wall of the mounting seat, an annular isolating airbag 13 is arranged in the groove, an annular isolating airbag is arranged in the lifting sleeve.
The piston ring comprises an outer piston ring 16 and an inner piston ring 17, the inner piston ring is tightly sleeved in the outer piston ring, the piston rod is connected to the inner piston ring, the outer piston ring is connected with a connecting rod 18, the connecting rod is detachably connected with the piston rod, the fixing liquid injection cavity comprises an upper cavity 19 and a lower cavity 20, the radial width of the upper cavity is larger than that of the lower cavity, a transition surface 21 is arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the transition surface is obliquely arranged from outside to inside downwards, the piston ring is matched with the upper cavity, the inner piston ring can enter the lower cavity, the lower end face of the outer piston ring is matched with the transition surface, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a locking screw 22, the locking screw is in threaded connection with the piston rod, the upper end of the piston rod is connected with a push-pull ring 23, a plurality of piston rods are uniformly distributed and connected on the piston ring, the upper.
The upper end of the concentration cylinder is uniformly connected with a plurality of supporting rods 25, the upper part of the guide pipe is connected with a fixed frame 26, and the upper ends of the supporting rods are fixedly connected with the fixed frame. The lower part of the concentration cylinder is of a conical structure with a big top and a small bottom, the lower end of the concentration cylinder is provided with a blanking pipe 27, and a blanking hole is arranged in the blanking pipe. The lower end of the outer sleeve is communicated with a liquid pumping pipe 28, and a liquid pumping valve is arranged on the liquid pumping pipe. The lower end of the outer sleeve is uniformly connected with a plurality of supports 29, and the lower ends of the supports are lower than the blanking pipe, so that blanking of the blanking pipe is facilitated.
A method for concentrating phytoplankton includes such steps as sampling the water sample of phytoplankton, pouring it into concentrating cylinder, pumping the fixing liquid into the cavity, pressing piston ring by piston ring, filling the fixing liquid in the cavity into concentrating cylinder, fixing phytoplankton, preventing phytoplankton from deteriorating, stopping moving, filling the installation seat on the lower end of lifting sleeve, aerating the hole until the isolating air bag is close to the inner wall of concentrating cylinder, filling the liquid in the concentrating cylinder, removing the liquid in the concentrating cylinder, filling the liquid in the concentrating cup, and discharging the concentrated liquid.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which is not intended to be limiting in any way, and other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims (9)

  1. The phytoplankton concentrating device is characterized by comprising a concentrating cylinder and an outer sleeve arranged outside the concentrating cylinder, wherein a guide pipe which is communicated up and down is arranged in the concentrating cylinder, the upper end of the guide pipe extends out of the concentrating cylinder, the lower end of the guide pipe is close to the bottom of the concentrating cylinder, a fixed liquid injection cavity is formed between the outer wall of the concentrating cylinder and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a piston ring is arranged in the fixed liquid injection cavity, the piston ring is connected with a piston rod, a plurality of circles of one-way liquid inlet valves are arranged on the side wall of the concentrating cylinder at intervals from top to bottom, a discharging hole is formed in the lower end of the concentrating cylinder, a discharging valve is arranged in the discharging hole, a lifting sleeve is sleeved on the guide pipe, a mounting seat is arranged at the lower part of the lifting sleeve, a ring groove is formed in the side wall of the mounting seat, an annular isolating air bag is arranged in the ring groove, an air hole for charging and discharging air for the isolating.
  2. 2. The phytoplankton concentrating device according to claim 1, wherein the piston ring comprises an outer plug ring and an inner plug ring, the inner plug ring is tightly sleeved in the outer plug ring, the piston rod is connected to the inner plug ring, the outer plug ring is connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod is detachably connected to the piston rod, the fixing liquid injection cavity comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the radial width of the upper cavity is larger than that of the lower cavity, a transition surface is arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the piston ring is matched with the upper cavity, and the inner plug ring can enter the lower cavity.
  3. 3. The plant plankton concentrating device of claim 2, wherein the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a locking screw, and the locking screw is screwed on the piston rod.
  4. 4. The phytoplankton concentrating device according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the piston rod is connected with a push-pull ring, a plurality of piston rods are uniformly connected to the piston ring, and the upper ends of all the piston rods are connected to the same push-pull ring.
  5. 5. The phytoplankton concentrating device according to claim 1, wherein the concentrating drum has a plurality of support rods uniformly connected to the upper end thereof, the guide tube has a fixed frame connected to the upper portion thereof, and the upper ends of the support rods are fastened to the fixed frame.
  6. 6. The plant phytoplankton concentrating device of any one of claims 1 to 5 and , wherein the lower part of the concentrating cylinder is in a tapered structure with a large top and a small bottom, the lower end of the concentrating cylinder is provided with a blanking pipe, and a blanking hole is arranged in the blanking pipe.
  7. 7. The phytoplankton concentrating device of any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the lower end of the outer sleeve is communicated with a liquid extracting pipe, and a liquid extracting valve is arranged on the liquid extracting pipe.
  8. 8. The plant phytoplankton concentrating device of any one of claims 1 to 5 to , wherein a fastening screw is connected to the upper part of the lifting sleeve, and the front end of the fastening screw abuts against the outer wall of the guide pipe.
  9. A concentration method utilizing the phytoplankton concentration device as claimed in claim 2, characterized by comprising the steps of a, pouring a certain amount of phytoplankton water sample obtained by sampling into a concentration cylinder, b, pumping a certain amount of fixing liquid into a fixing liquid injection cavity through a piston ring, c, pressing the piston ring downwards through a piston rod, injecting the fixing liquid in the fixing liquid injection cavity into the concentration cylinder through a one-way liquid inlet valve, fixing the phytoplankton, preventing the phytoplankton from deteriorating, stopping moving after the piston ring abuts against a transition surface, placing an installation seat at the lower end of a lifting sleeve above the liquid level in the concentration cylinder, d, standing the concentration cylinder for 20-25 hours, forming a supernatant layer and a phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer in the concentration cylinder, e, moving the lifting sleeve downwards, enabling the installation seat to slightly enter the supernatant layer until the installation seat reaches an upper position above the separation position of the supernatant layer and the phytoplankton concentrated liquid layer, inflating a vent hole to enable an isolation air bag to bulge out, enabling the isolation air bag to tightly attach to the inner wall of the concentration cylinder, f, placing a material receiving cup below the material receiving cup, opening a material receiving cup, opening the material receiving cup, dropping a connecting rod, placing the piston rod in the concentration cup, pushing the piston rod, and the concentration cup, and discharging the concentrated liquid from the concentration cup, and discharging the concentrated liquid.
CN201910876421.3A 2019-09-17 2019-09-17 Phytoplankton concentration device and method Active CN110736656B (en)

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CN110736656A true CN110736656A (en) 2020-01-31
CN110736656B CN110736656B (en) 2021-12-07

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW219349B (en) * 1992-04-11 1994-01-21 Kuwashima Hiroshi
CN101810947A (en) * 2010-04-14 2010-08-25 湖南省水产科学研究所 phytoplankton separator
CN103439175A (en) * 2013-08-30 2013-12-11 中国科学院水生生物研究所 Portable concentration device for quantitative samples of planktons
CN204128876U (en) * 2014-11-13 2015-01-28 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 A kind of assembling phytoplankton subsiding device top cover
CN105158048A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-16 浙江省海洋水产研究所 Suction type solid-liquid separator
CN106110716A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-11-16 浙江省海洋水产研究所 A kind of microzooplankton settling separation device and separation method
CN107996530A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-05-08 百奥森(江苏)食品安全科技有限公司 A kind of plankton sampling device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW219349B (en) * 1992-04-11 1994-01-21 Kuwashima Hiroshi
CN101810947A (en) * 2010-04-14 2010-08-25 湖南省水产科学研究所 phytoplankton separator
CN103439175A (en) * 2013-08-30 2013-12-11 中国科学院水生生物研究所 Portable concentration device for quantitative samples of planktons
CN204128876U (en) * 2014-11-13 2015-01-28 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 A kind of assembling phytoplankton subsiding device top cover
CN105158048A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-16 浙江省海洋水产研究所 Suction type solid-liquid separator
CN106110716A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-11-16 浙江省海洋水产研究所 A kind of microzooplankton settling separation device and separation method
CN107996530A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-05-08 百奥森(江苏)食品安全科技有限公司 A kind of plankton sampling device

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ADRIANMARCHETTI 等: ""Phytoplankton processes during a mesoscale iron enrichment in the NE subarctic Pacific: Part I—Biomass and assemblage"", 《DEEP SEA RESEARCH PART II: TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY》 *
马健荣 等: ""湖泊蓝藻水华发生机理研究进展"", 《生态学报》 *

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