CN110736643B - Sampling device for collecting micro-plastic deposited on the seabed - Google Patents
Sampling device for collecting micro-plastic deposited on the seabed Download PDFInfo
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- CN110736643B CN110736643B CN201910739879.4A CN201910739879A CN110736643B CN 110736643 B CN110736643 B CN 110736643B CN 201910739879 A CN201910739879 A CN 201910739879A CN 110736643 B CN110736643 B CN 110736643B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
- G01N2001/1418—Depression, aspiration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sampling device for collecting micro-plastic deposited on the sea bottom, and aims to provide a sampling device which can carry out fixed-point sampling on the micro-plastic deposited on the sea bottom and mixed in the sediment on the sea bottom and is convenient for sampling operation. The device comprises a support, a vertical guide rod arranged on the support, a vertical isolation cylinder which goes up and down along the vertical guide rod, a stirring device arranged in the vertical isolation cylinder, a triggering mechanism, a time-delay acquisition mechanism and an acquisition device. The agitation means comprises a roller brush rotatably disposed within the lower portion of the vertical isolation cylinder by a horizontal shaft. The trigger mechanism comprises a vertical trigger cylinder body fixedly connected with the vertical isolation cylinder, a sliding sleeve sleeved on the vertical trigger cylinder body, and an upper sealing ring and a lower sealing ring which are arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve. The time delay acquisition mechanism comprises a vertical time delay cylinder body connected with a vertical isolation cylinder. The collecting device comprises a vertical collecting cylinder body with the upper end and the lower end sealed and a vertical switching cylinder body with the upper end and the lower end sealed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine environment monitoring, in particular to sampling equipment for collecting micro-plastic deposited on the sea bottom.
Background
The micro plastic refers to plastic particles with small particle size and textile fibers, and the plastic particles with the particle size of less than 5mm are generally considered to be micro plastic. Compared with "white-contaminated" plastics, the damage of microplastics is manifested in their small particle diameter, which is why they are more environmentally hazardous than ordinary non-degradable plastics. At present, the monitoring of marine environment shows that the micro plastic exists in sea water and marine sediments. In the current marine environmental monitoring, the collection and detection of the micro-plastics in the sea water are generally carried out, but the micro-plastics deposited on the sea bottom and mixed in the sediment on the sea bottom are difficult to be monitored due to the difficulty in collecting proper samples.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sampling device for sampling micro-plastic deposited on the seabed, which can carry out fixed-point sampling on the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed and mixed in seabed sediments and has convenient sampling operation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a sampling device for collecting micro-plastic deposited on the seabed comprises a support, a vertical guide rod arranged on the support, a vertical isolation cylinder which goes up and down along the vertical guide rod, a stirring device arranged in the vertical isolation cylinder, a trigger mechanism, a delay collection mechanism and a collection device, wherein a guide sleeve matched with the vertical guide rod is arranged on the vertical isolation cylinder, and a guide rod limiting block is arranged on the vertical guide rod and below the guide sleeve; the stirring device comprises a roller brush which is rotatably arranged in the lower part of the vertical isolation cylinder through a horizontal shaft lever; the trigger mechanism comprises a vertical trigger cylinder body fixedly connected with a vertical isolation cylinder, a sliding sleeve sleeved on the vertical trigger cylinder body, an upper sealing ring and a lower sealing ring which are arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and a connecting piece for connecting the sliding sleeve and a vertical guide rod, wherein two ends of the vertical trigger cylinder body are closed, a trigger interface and a water inlet are arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical trigger cylinder body, when a guide rod limiting block abuts against the lower end surface of the guide sleeve, the position of the lower end of the vertical guide rod is higher than that of the lower end of the vertical isolation cylinder, and the water inlet is positioned between the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring; the time delay acquisition mechanism comprises a vertical time delay cylinder body connected with a vertical isolation cylinder, a bobbin coaxially arranged on a horizontal shaft rod, a first connecting wire wound on the bobbin, a first lower piston and a first upper piston which are arranged in the vertical time delay cylinder body in a sliding manner, a piston connecting rod for connecting the first lower piston and the first upper piston, a piston rod connected with the lower end surface of the first lower piston, a compression spring for jacking the first lower piston, an upper limiting block and a lower limiting block which are arranged on the inner side surface of the vertical time delay cylinder body, and a first interface, a second interface and a third interface which are arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical time delay cylinder body, wherein the upper end of the vertical time delay cylinder body is opened, a piston rod through hole is arranged at the lower end of the vertical time delay cylinder body, an end sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the piston rod through hole, the upper limiting block is positioned between the first upper piston and the first lower piston, and the lower limiting block is positioned below the first lower piston, the first interface and the second interface are located below the lower limiting block, the third interface is located above the upper limiting block, the first interface is provided with a switch valve, the second interface is connected with the trigger interface through a first connecting pipe, and the end of the first connecting wire is connected with the lower end of the piston rod.
The collecting device comprises a vertical collecting cylinder body with the upper end and the lower end closed, a vertical switching cylinder body with the upper end and the lower end closed, a second upper piston and a second lower piston which are arranged in the vertical collecting cylinder body in a sliding mode, a second connecting line for connecting the second upper piston and the second lower piston, a second limiting block which is arranged on the inner side surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body and is positioned between the second upper piston and the second lower piston, a switching piston which is arranged in the vertical switching cylinder body in a sliding mode, and a reset spring which is arranged in the vertical switching cylinder body and is positioned below the switching piston, wherein the inner diameter of the vertical collecting cylinder body is larger than the inner diameter of the vertical switching cylinder body, the lower end surface of the vertical switching cylinder body is provided with a fourth interface, the upper end surface of the vertical switching cylinder body is provided with a fifth interface, the upper end surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body is provided with a sixth interface, the outer side surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body is provided with a water inlet, and the water inlet is positioned below the second limiting block, a lower through hole is formed in the lower end face of the vertical collecting cylinder body, the third interface is connected with the fourth interface through a second connecting pipe, and the fifth interface is connected with the sixth interface through a third connecting pipe; when the second lower piston is abutted against the inner bottom surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body, the water inlet is positioned above the second lower piston; when the second upper piston abuts against the inner top surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body, the second connecting line is stretched straight and drives the second lower piston to move upwards to the position above the water inlet.
In the fixed-point sampling of the micro plastic deposited on the seabed and mixed in the seabed sediment, firstly, a sampling device for collecting the micro plastic deposited on the seabed is transported to a designated sea area by a ship;
secondly, opening the switch valve;
then, the first connecting line is wound on the bobbin by rotating the bobbin, so that the first lower piston, the first upper piston and the piston rod are driven to move downwards until the first lower piston abuts against the lower limiting block, at the moment, the third interface is positioned between the first lower piston and the first upper piston, the piston rod penetrates through the piston rod through hole, and the piston rod is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the piston rod through hole through the end sealing ring; meanwhile, in the process, the compression spring is further compressed;
then, the switch valve is closed, the vertical guide rod is driven by the bracket to move upwards until the guide rod limiting block abuts against the lower end face of the guide sleeve, and at the moment, the water inlet is positioned between the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring, so that the inner cavity of the vertical delay cylinder body below the first lower piston is completely sealed, and the first lower piston is kept abutting against the lower limiting block and cannot be jacked up by the compression spring;
thirdly, lifting and lowering the sampling equipment for collecting the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed into a designated sea area through the connecting rope, and then gradually releasing the connecting rope to lower the sampling equipment for collecting the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed into the seabed; when the sampling equipment for collecting the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed is put down to the seabed, the lower end of the vertical isolation cylinder is firstly contacted with the seabed, and the bristles of the roller brush are also contacted with the seabed after the lower end of the vertical isolation cylinder is contacted with the seabed; then, the vertical guide rod moves downwards under the action of gravity until the lower end of the vertical guide rod is supported on the seabed, at the moment, the water inlet is positioned above the sliding sleeve and is communicated with seawater, external water pressure enters the vertical delay cylinder body below the first lower piston through the water inlet, the trigger interface, the first connecting pipe and the second interface, so that the water pressure in the vertical direction received by the first lower piston and the first upper piston is the same, the first lower piston and the first upper piston move upwards under the action of the compression spring until the first lower piston abuts against the upper limiting block, in the process, the first connecting wire drives the horizontal shaft rod and the roller brush to rotate through the roller brush, and sediments (including micro plastics) deposited on the seabed are stirred together by the roller brush and suspended in the vertical isolation cylinder;
when the first lower piston is abutted against the upper limiting block, the first upper piston is positioned above the upper end opening of the vertical delay cylinder body, so that external water pressure enters the vertical switching cylinder body through the third interface, the second connecting pipe and the fourth interface, and as the inner diameter of the vertical collecting cylinder body is larger than that of the vertical switching cylinder body, under the action of external water pressure, the second lower piston moves upwards along the vertical collecting cylinder body so as to suck seawater and suspended sediments (including micro plastics) in the vertical isolating cylinder into the vertical collecting cylinder body together through the water inlet until the second upper piston abuts against the inner top surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body, at the moment, the second connecting line is stretched straightly and drives the second lower piston to move upwards to the position above the water inlet, so as to collect seabed sediment (comprising micro plastic) into the vertical collection cylinder body between the second upper piston and the second lower piston;
fourthly, the sampling equipment for collecting the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed is lifted by the connecting rope, so that the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed and mixed in the seabed sediments can be sampled at fixed points, and the sampling operation is convenient.
Preferably, when the first lower piston abuts against the lower limiting block, the third interface is located between the first lower piston and the first upper piston, the piston rod penetrates through the piston rod through hole, and the piston rod is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the piston rod through hole through the end sealing ring; when the first lower piston abuts against the upper limiting block, the first upper piston is located above the upper end opening of the vertical delay cylinder body.
Preferably, when the lower end of the vertical guide rod and the lower end of the vertical isolation cylinder are at the same height, the water inlet is positioned above the sliding sleeve.
Preferably, the roller brush comprises a roller coaxial with the horizontal shaft and a plurality of bristles uniformly distributed on the outer side surface of the roller, the roller is fixedly connected with the horizontal shaft, the bristles extend along the radial direction of the roller, and the length of the bristles is greater than the distance between the axis of the horizontal shaft and the lower end surface of the vertical isolation cylinder.
Preferably, one end of the horizontal shaft rod penetrates through the vertical isolation cylinder and is located on the outer side of the vertical isolation cylinder, a hand wheel is arranged on the horizontal shaft rod, and the hand wheel is located on the outer side of the vertical isolation cylinder. So, can drive horizontal axostylus axostyle and bobbin through the hand wheel and rotate, make things convenient for actual operation.
Preferably, the vertical delay cylinder is positioned right above the bobbin.
Preferably, the medical support further comprises a connecting rope, and one end of the connecting rope is connected with the support.
Preferably, the vertical delay cylinder body is close to the side wall of the vertical isolation cylinder, and an operation opening is formed in the side wall, facing the switch valve, of the vertical isolation cylinder. Thus, the switch valve is convenient for an operator to open or close.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the sampling device can perform fixed-point sampling on the micro plastic deposited on the seabed and mixed in the seabed sediments, and is convenient to sample.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the sampling apparatus for collecting micro plastic deposited on the seabed of the present invention before it is lowered to the seabed.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the sampling apparatus for collecting micro plastic deposited on the seabed of the present invention after being lowered to the seabed.
In the figure:
a bracket 1;
a vertical guide rod 2, a guide rod limiting block 2.1 and a balancing weight 2.2;
the vertical isolation cylinder 3, the guide sleeve 3.1 and the connecting cross rod 3.2;
a connecting rope 4;
a stirring device 5, a horizontal shaft lever 5.1, a roller brush 5.2 and a hand wheel 5.3;
the device comprises a delay acquisition mechanism 6, a vertical delay cylinder body 6.1, a bobbin 6.2, a first connecting line 6.3, a first lower piston 6.4, a first upper piston 6.5, an upper limiting block 6.6, a piston connecting rod 6.7, a first connecting pipe 6.8, a lower limiting block 6.9, a piston rod 6.10, a compression spring 6.11, a first interface 6.12, a second interface 6.13, a third interface 6.14, an end sealing ring 6.15 and a switch valve 6.16;
the device comprises a collecting device 7, a vertical collecting cylinder 7.1, a vertical switching cylinder 7.2, a second upper piston 7.3, a second lower piston 7.4, a second limiting block 7.5, a second connecting line 7.6, a water inlet 7.7, a lower through hole 7.8, a switching piston 7.9, a reset spring 7.10, a fourth interface 7.11, a fifth interface 7.12, a sixth interface 7.13, a second connecting pipe 7.14 and a third connecting pipe 7.15;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are clearly explained and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present scheme, and are not construed as limiting the scheme of the present invention.
These and other aspects of embodiments of the invention will be apparent with reference to the following description and attached drawings. In the description and drawings, particular embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in detail as being indicative of some of the ways in which the principles of the embodiments of the invention may be practiced, but it is understood that the scope of the embodiments of the invention is not limited thereby. On the contrary, the embodiments of the invention include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., and "several" means one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections, either mechanical or electrical, or communicating with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a sampling device for collecting micro plastic deposited on the seabed comprises a support 1, a connecting rope 4, a vertical guide rod 2 arranged on the support, a vertical isolation cylinder 3 lifting along the vertical guide rod, a stirring device 5 arranged in the vertical isolation cylinder, a trigger mechanism 8, a time-delay collecting mechanism 6 and a collecting device 7. One end of the connecting rope is connected with the bracket. The vertical guide rod is positioned below the bracket. In this embodiment, the number of the vertical guide rods is two, and the two vertical guide rods are located on two opposite sides of the vertical isolation cylinder. The vertical separation cylinder is provided with guide sleeves 3.1 matched with the vertical guide rods, and the guide sleeves correspond to the vertical guide rods one by one. The guide sleeve is located the outside of vertical isolation section of thick bamboo, and the guide sleeve is connected through connecting horizontal pole 3.2 with vertical isolation section of thick bamboo. A guide rod limiting block 2.1 is arranged on the vertical guide rod and below the guide sleeve. When the guide rod limiting block abuts against the lower end face of the guide sleeve, the lower end of the vertical guide rod is higher than the lower end of the vertical isolating cylinder.
As shown in fig. 1, the stirring device 5 comprises a roller brush 5.2 rotatably arranged in the lower part of the vertical insulating cylinder by means of a horizontal shaft 5.1, which in this embodiment is rotatably arranged in the lower part of the vertical insulating cylinder by means of a bearing. The roller brush comprises a roller coaxial with the horizontal shaft rod and a plurality of brush hairs uniformly distributed on the outer side surface of the roller. The roller is fixedly connected with the horizontal shaft rod. The bristles extend along the radial direction of the roller, and the length of the bristles is larger than the distance between the axis of the horizontal shaft rod and the lower end face of the vertical isolation cylinder. In this embodiment, one end of the horizontal shaft rod passes through the through hole on the side wall of the vertical isolation cylinder and is located outside the vertical isolation cylinder. A hand wheel 5.3 is arranged on the horizontal shaft lever and is positioned on the outer side of the vertical isolation cylinder. So, can drive horizontal axostylus axostyle and bobbin through the hand wheel and rotate, make things convenient for actual operation.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the triggering mechanism 8 includes a vertical triggering cylinder 8.1 fixedly connected to the vertical isolating cylinder, a sliding sleeve 8.2 sleeved on the vertical triggering cylinder, an upper sealing ring 8.3 and a lower sealing ring 8.4 arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and a connecting member connecting the sliding sleeve and the vertical guide rod. The two ends of the vertical triggering cylinder body are closed. In this embodiment, the upper end of the vertical triggering cylinder body is fixedly connected with the connecting cross rod, so that the vertical triggering cylinder body is fixedly connected with the vertical isolating cylinder. The lateral surface of vertical trigger cylinder body is equipped with trigger interface 8.5 and water inlet 8.6, and in this embodiment, the trigger interface is located the top of water inlet. When the guide rod limiting block abuts against the lower end face of the guide sleeve, the water inlet is located between the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring, and the trigger interface is located above the sliding sleeve. When the lower end of the vertical guide rod and the lower end of the vertical isolating cylinder are at the same height, the water inlet is positioned above the sliding sleeve.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the delay collection mechanism 6 includes a vertical delay cylinder 6.1 connected to the vertical isolation cylinder, a bobbin 6.2 coaxially disposed on the horizontal shaft, a first connection line 6.3 wound on the bobbin, a first lower piston 6.4 and a first upper piston 6.5 slidably disposed in the vertical delay cylinder, a piston rod 6.7 connecting the first lower piston and the first upper piston, a piston rod 6.10 connected to a lower end surface of the first lower piston, a compression spring 6.11 for jacking the first lower piston, an upper limit block 6.6 and a lower limit block 6.9 disposed on an inner side surface of the vertical delay cylinder, and a first port 6.12, a second port 6.13, and a third port 6.14 disposed on an outer side surface of the vertical delay cylinder. The upper end opening of vertical time delay cylinder body, the lower extreme of vertical time delay cylinder body is sealed, and the lower extreme of vertical time delay cylinder body is equipped with the piston rod via hole, tip sealing washer 6.15 on the inner wall of piston rod via hole. The compression spring is located the vertical time delay cylinder body, and compression spring's lower extreme supports on the interior bottom surface of vertical time delay cylinder body, and compression spring's upper end supports on the lower terminal surface of first piston. The upper limiting block is positioned between the first upper piston and the first lower piston, and the lower limiting block is positioned below the first lower piston. The first interface and the second interface are positioned below the lower limiting block, and the third interface is positioned above the upper limiting block. The first connector is provided with a switch valve 6.16, and in the embodiment, the switch valve is a manual switch valve. An operation opening is arranged on the side wall of the vertical isolation cylinder facing the switch valve. The second interface is connected to the trigger interface via a first connecting tube 6.8. In this embodiment, the bobbin is fixed on the horizontal shaft lever, and vertical time delay cylinder body is located directly over the bobbin. The end of the first connecting wire is connected with the lower end of the piston rod. The vertical time-delay cylinder body is connected with the vertical isolation cylinder body through a connecting piece.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the first lower piston abuts against the lower limiting block, the third interface is located between the first lower piston and the first upper piston, the piston rod penetrates through the piston rod through hole, and the piston rod is connected with the inner wall of the piston rod through hole in a sealing manner through the end sealing ring.
As shown in fig. 3, when the first lower piston abuts against the upper limit block, the first upper piston is located above the upper end opening of the vertical delay cylinder body.
As shown in fig. 1, the collecting device 7 includes a vertical collecting cylinder 7.1 with upper and lower closed ends, a vertical switching cylinder 7.2 with upper and lower closed ends, a second upper piston 7.3 and a second lower piston 7.4 slidably disposed in the vertical collecting cylinder, a second connecting line 7.6 connecting the second upper piston and the second lower piston, a second limiting block 7.5 disposed on the inner side surface of the vertical collecting cylinder and located between the second upper piston and the second lower piston, a switching piston 7.9 slidably disposed in the vertical switching cylinder, and a return spring 7.10 disposed in the vertical switching cylinder and located below the switching piston. The internal diameter of the vertical acquisition cylinder body is larger than that of the vertical switching cylinder body. The lower end of the reset spring is propped against the bottom surface of the vertical switching cylinder body, and the upper end of the reset spring is propped against the lower end surface of the switching piston. The outer lateral surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body is provided with a water inlet 7.7, and the water inlet is positioned below the second limiting block. The lower end face of the vertical collecting cylinder body is provided with a lower through hole 7.8. The lower terminal surface of vertical switching cylinder body is equipped with fourth interface 7.11, and the up end of vertical switching cylinder body is equipped with fifth interface 7.12. The upper end face of the vertical collecting cylinder body is provided with a sixth connector 7.13. The third interface is connected with the fourth interface through a second connecting pipe 7.14, and the fifth interface is connected with the sixth interface through a third connecting pipe 7.15.
As shown in fig. 1, the switching piston is pressed against the inner top surface of the vertical switching cylinder under the action of the return spring. When the switching piston supports against the inner top surface of the vertical switching cylinder body, the second upper piston supports against the second limiting block. When the second lower piston is abutted to the inner bottom surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body, the water inlet is positioned above the second lower piston. The gravity of the second lower piston is larger than the friction force between the second lower piston and the vertical collecting cylinder body.
As shown in fig. 3, when the second upper piston abuts against the inner top surface of the vertical collecting cylinder, the second connecting line is straightened and drives the second lower piston to move upwards to the upper part of the water inlet.
As shown in fig. 1, in the fixed-point sampling of micro plastic deposited on the seabed and mixed in the seabed sediment, first, a sampling apparatus for collecting micro plastic deposited on the seabed is transported into a designated sea area by a ship;
secondly, opening the switch valve;
then, the hand wheel drives the horizontal shaft lever and the bobbin to rotate, the first connecting line is wound on the bobbin, and therefore the first lower piston, the first upper piston and the piston rod are driven to move downwards until the first lower piston abuts against the lower limiting block, at the moment, the third interface is located between the first lower piston and the first upper piston, the piston rod penetrates through the piston rod through hole, and the piston rod is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the piston rod through hole through an end sealing ring; meanwhile, in the process, the compression spring is further compressed;
then, closing the switch valve; the vertical guide rod is driven by the bracket to move upwards until the guide rod limiting block abuts against the lower end face of the guide sleeve, and at the moment, the water inlet is positioned between the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring, so that the inner cavity of the vertical delay cylinder body below the first lower piston is completely closed, and the first lower piston is kept abutting against the lower limiting block and cannot be jacked up by the compression spring;
thirdly, lifting and lowering the sampling equipment for collecting the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed into a designated sea area through the connecting rope, and then gradually releasing the connecting rope to lower the sampling equipment for collecting the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed into the seabed; when the sampling equipment for collecting the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed is put down to the seabed, the lower end of the vertical isolation cylinder is firstly contacted with the seabed, and the bristles of the roller brush are also contacted with the seabed after the lower end of the vertical isolation cylinder is contacted with the seabed; then, the vertical guide rod moves downwards under the action of gravity until the lower end of the vertical guide rod is supported on the seabed, at the moment, the water inlet is positioned above the sliding sleeve and is communicated with seawater, external water pressure enters the vertical delay cylinder body below the first lower piston through the water inlet, the trigger interface, the first connecting pipe and the second interface, so that the water pressure in the vertical direction received by the first lower piston and the first upper piston is the same, the first lower piston and the first upper piston move upwards under the action of the compression spring until the first lower piston abuts against the upper limiting block, in the process, the first connecting wire drives the horizontal shaft rod and the roller brush to rotate through the roller brush, and sediments (including micro plastics) deposited on the seabed are stirred together by the roller brush and suspended in the vertical isolation cylinder;
when the first lower piston is abutted against the upper limiting block, the first upper piston is positioned above the upper end opening of the vertical delay cylinder body, so that external water pressure enters the vertical switching cylinder body through the third interface, the second connecting pipe and the fourth interface, and as the inner diameter of the vertical collecting cylinder body is larger than that of the vertical switching cylinder body, under the action of external water pressure, the second lower piston moves upwards along the vertical collecting cylinder body so as to suck seawater and suspended sediments (including micro plastics) in the vertical isolating cylinder into the vertical collecting cylinder body together through the water inlet until the second upper piston abuts against the inner top surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body, at the moment, the second connecting line is stretched straightly and drives the second lower piston to move upwards to the position above the water inlet, so as to collect seabed sediment (comprising micro plastic) into the vertical collection cylinder body between the second upper piston and the second lower piston;
fourthly, the sampling equipment for collecting the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed is lifted by the connecting rope, so that the micro-plastic deposited on the seabed and mixed in the seabed sediments can be sampled at fixed points, and the sampling operation is convenient.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A sampling device for collecting micro-plastic deposited on the seabed is characterized by comprising a support, a vertical guide rod arranged on the support, a vertical isolation cylinder which goes up and down along the vertical guide rod, a stirring device arranged in the vertical isolation cylinder, a trigger mechanism, a delay collection mechanism and a collection device, wherein a guide sleeve matched with the vertical guide rod is arranged on the vertical isolation cylinder, and a guide rod limiting block is arranged on the vertical guide rod and below the guide sleeve;
the stirring device comprises a roller brush which is rotatably arranged in the lower part of the vertical isolation cylinder through a horizontal shaft lever;
the trigger mechanism comprises a vertical trigger cylinder body fixedly connected with a vertical isolation cylinder, a sliding sleeve sleeved on the vertical trigger cylinder body, an upper sealing ring and a lower sealing ring which are arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and a connecting piece for connecting the sliding sleeve and a vertical guide rod, wherein two ends of the vertical trigger cylinder body are closed, a trigger interface and a water inlet are arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical trigger cylinder body, when a guide rod limiting block abuts against the lower end surface of the guide sleeve, the position of the lower end of the vertical guide rod is higher than that of the lower end of the vertical isolation cylinder, and the water inlet is positioned between the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring;
the time delay acquisition mechanism comprises a vertical time delay cylinder body connected with a vertical isolation cylinder, a bobbin coaxially arranged on a horizontal shaft rod, a first connecting wire wound on the bobbin, a first lower piston and a first upper piston which are arranged in the vertical time delay cylinder body in a sliding manner, a piston connecting rod for connecting the first lower piston and the first upper piston, a piston rod connected with the lower end surface of the first lower piston, a compression spring for jacking the first lower piston, an upper limiting block and a lower limiting block which are arranged on the inner side surface of the vertical time delay cylinder body, and a first interface, a second interface and a third interface which are arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical time delay cylinder body, wherein the upper end of the vertical time delay cylinder body is opened, a piston rod through hole is arranged at the lower end of the vertical time delay cylinder body, an end sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the piston rod through hole, the upper limiting block is positioned between the first upper piston and the first lower piston, and the lower limiting block is positioned below the first lower piston, the first interface and the second interface are positioned below the lower limiting block, the third interface is positioned above the upper limiting block, the first interface is provided with a switch valve, the second interface is connected with the trigger interface through a first connecting pipe, and the end part of the first connecting wire is connected with the lower end of the piston rod;
the collecting device comprises a vertical collecting cylinder body with the upper end and the lower end closed, a vertical switching cylinder body with the upper end and the lower end closed, a second upper piston and a second lower piston which are arranged in the vertical collecting cylinder body in a sliding mode, a second connecting line for connecting the second upper piston and the second lower piston, a second limiting block which is arranged on the inner side surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body and is positioned between the second upper piston and the second lower piston, a switching piston which is arranged in the vertical switching cylinder body in a sliding mode, and a reset spring which is arranged in the vertical switching cylinder body and is positioned below the switching piston, wherein the inner diameter of the vertical collecting cylinder body is larger than the inner diameter of the vertical switching cylinder body, the lower end surface of the vertical switching cylinder body is provided with a fourth interface, the upper end surface of the vertical switching cylinder body is provided with a fifth interface, the upper end surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body is provided with a sixth interface, the outer side surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body is provided with a water inlet, and the water inlet is positioned below the second limiting block, a lower through hole is formed in the lower end face of the vertical collecting cylinder body, the third interface is connected with the fourth interface through a second connecting pipe, and the fifth interface is connected with the sixth interface through a third connecting pipe;
when the second lower piston is abutted against the inner bottom surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body, the water inlet is positioned above the second lower piston; when the second upper piston abuts against the inner top surface of the vertical collecting cylinder body, the second connecting line is stretched straight and drives the second lower piston to move upwards to the position above the water inlet;
when the first lower piston abuts against the lower limiting block, the third interface is located between the first lower piston and the first upper piston, the piston rod penetrates through the piston rod through hole, and the piston rod is connected with the inner wall of the piston rod through hole in a sealing mode through the end sealing ring; when the first lower piston abuts against the upper limiting block, the first upper piston is positioned above the upper end opening of the vertical delay cylinder body; when the lower end of the vertical guide rod and the lower end of the vertical isolating cylinder are at the same height, the water inlet is positioned above the sliding sleeve.
2. The sampling apparatus for collecting micro plastic settled on the sea bottom as claimed in claim 1, wherein the roller brush comprises a roller coaxial with the horizontal shaft and a plurality of bristles uniformly distributed on the outer side surface of the roller, the roller is fixedly connected with the horizontal shaft, the bristles extend along the radial direction of the roller, and the length of the bristles is greater than the distance between the axis of the horizontal shaft and the lower end surface of the vertical isolation cylinder.
3. The sampling device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the horizontal shaft passes through the vertical isolation cylinder and is located outside the vertical isolation cylinder, and the horizontal shaft is provided with a hand wheel located outside the vertical isolation cylinder.
4. The sampling device for the collection of micropolastic materials deposited on the seafloor according to claim 1, wherein the vertical delay cylinder is located directly above the bobbin.
5. The sampling device of claim 1, further comprising a connection string, one end of the connection string being connected to the support.
6. The sampling apparatus for collecting micropolastic materials deposited on the seafloor according to claim 1, wherein the vertical delay cylinder is adjacent to the sidewall of the vertical isolation cylinder, and the sidewall of the vertical isolation cylinder facing the switch valve is provided with an operation port.
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| JP3371297B2 (en) * | 1993-08-11 | 2003-01-27 | 財団法人シップ・アンド・オーシャン財団 | Automatic water sampling device and automatic water sampling method for deep sea water |
| US6006613A (en) * | 1997-07-09 | 1999-12-28 | Trippensee Corporation | Underwater sampling apparatus |
| CN104614203B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-03-29 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Trigger-type seabed water sampling system |
| CN105052848B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-06-06 | 泉州森泸玩具有限公司 | A kind of sinking type shrimp catcher |
| CN106092662B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2018-12-21 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | A kind of trigger device of sea floor sampling equipment |
| CN107727434B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2019-09-24 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING of aquaculture sea area acquisition equipment |
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