CN110735117B - Preparation method of thermal barrier coating of duplex guide blade - Google Patents
Preparation method of thermal barrier coating of duplex guide blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN110735117B CN110735117B CN201911196303.4A CN201911196303A CN110735117B CN 110735117 B CN110735117 B CN 110735117B CN 201911196303 A CN201911196303 A CN 201911196303A CN 110735117 B CN110735117 B CN 110735117B
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
- C23C14/325—Electric arc evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/28—Vacuum evaporation by wave energy or particle radiation
- C23C14/30—Vacuum evaporation by wave energy or particle radiation by electron bombardment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/50—Substrate holders
- C23C14/505—Substrate holders for rotation of the substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/58—After-treatment
- C23C14/5886—Mechanical treatment
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technology of protective coatings for double-body guide blades of aero-engines, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a thermal barrier coating for a double-body guide blade. The MCrAlY bottom layer is prepared by adopting a vacuum arc plating process, the vacuum arc plating equipment has the characteristics that a plurality of arc sources are arranged on the inner wall of a furnace body of the vacuum arc plating equipment, and the dual-body guide blades can realize autorotation right in front of a target material, so that the MCrAlY bottom layer can be formed once by multiple pieces in one furnace without partition and multiple coating. The YSZ ceramic surface layer is prepared by adopting an EB-PVD process, a high-temperature alloy wire penetrates through the blade guide pipes to fix the blade lower edge plate protection clamp, and thermocouples penetrate through the two guide pipes to measure the temperatures of different positions of the duplex guide blade in real time so as to ensure the uniformity of the surface temperature of the blade. The method is applied to the preparation of the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide blade, obviously improves the consistency and stability of the quality of the coating, and effectively improves the service life and reliability of the blade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of protective coatings for double-body guide blades of aero-engines, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a thermal barrier coating for a double-body guide blade.
Background
The double-body guide vane of the aeroengine is subjected to impact and erosion of high-temperature gas for a long time, the service environment is severe, and the surface of the double-body guide vane is coated with a thermal barrier coating without exception so as to meet the requirements of high reliability and long service life. Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) are generally composed of a metallic bond coat (PtAl or MCrAlY, M being Ni, Co or Ni + Co) with good oxidation and corrosion resistance and a ceramic top coat with low thermal conductivity(Y2O3Partially stabilized ZrO2YSZ). The high-temperature alloy is widely applied to hot end parts of aero-engines, so that the high-temperature alloy can bear higher service temperature, the temperature of a gas inlet in front of a turbine is increased, the service life and the reliability of the engine are greatly prolonged, the oil consumption is reduced, and the power performance is obviously improved.
The duplex guide blade has large parts, for example, a certain blade, the diagonal distance of the upper edge plate is 22cm, the diagonal distance of the lower edge plate is 16cm, the parts cannot rotate when MCrAlY oxidation resistant coatings are coated by adopting vacuum arc plating equipment (a single arc, a target material is in the center of the equipment, and the parts are between the target material and the inner wall of a furnace body), and are required to be coated for multiple times in a subarea mode, so that the risks of premature failure, peeling and the like of the coatings caused by interface pollution, edge formation at an interface joint, and over-thick coating thickness exist.
Due to the large size of the double-body guide vane part, the non-coating area of the vane cannot be effectively protected when an electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) device is adopted to prepare the YSZ ceramic surface layer. In addition, the deposition temperature of the coating as an important process parameter in the EB-PVD process cannot be ensured, so that the quality consistency and stability of the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide blade cannot be ensured.
In order to ensure that the surface of the double-body guide vane forms air film cooling, the tail slot area of the double-body guide vane is not coated with a YSZ ceramic surface layer so as to ensure the smoothness of air film cooling.
The existing thermal barrier coating preparation technology cannot solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a thermal barrier coating of a double-body guide blade, which is applied to the preparation of the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide blade, can obviously improve the consistency and stability of the quality of the coating, and effectively improve the service life and reliability of the blade.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a thermal barrier coating of a double-body guide vane comprises the following steps:
(1) loading the duplex guide vane subjected to wet sand blasting into a vacuum arc plating fixture, and protecting a non-coating area of the vane by a fixture box; meanwhile, a furnace bending sample is carried on the clamp for evaluating the bonding strength and thickness of the coating; carrying out ion cleaning on the surface of the blade before coating, and carrying out vacuum arc plating on the MCrAlY bottom layer after cleaning, wherein the technological parameters of the vacuum arc plating are as follows: arc current is 70-80A, pressure intensity is 0.1-0.5 Pa, negative bias is-100-200V, duty ratio is 20-35%, and coating time is 1-2 hours;
preparing an MCrAlY bottom layer by adopting vacuum arc plating equipment with more than two arc sources and arc sources on the inner wall of a furnace body, wherein the arc sources on the inner wall of the furnace body of the vacuum arc plating equipment are more than two groups, and more than two arc sources in each group are arranged up and down; more than two groups of MCrAlY bottom coating clamps are arranged, and more than two MCrAlY bottom coating clamps in each group are arranged up and down, so that each duplex guide blade realizes autorotation right in front of a target, and the MCrAlY bottom is formed at one time;
(2) carrying out vacuum heat treatment on the duplex guide vane coated with the MCrAlY bottom layer, then carrying out wet sand blowing treatment, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning, dipping and washing with acetone solution, and drying; the wet sand blowing process parameters are as follows: the granularity of the white corundum sand is 150-200 meshes, the content of the white corundum sand is 15-25 wt%, the wind pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the sand blowing distance is 150-200 mm;
(3) loading the blade into an electron beam physical vapor deposition device and carrying a furnace-bending sample; opening the mechanical pump and the Roots pump, vacuumizing until the vacuum degrees of the main vacuum chamber and the loading chamber are respectively (4-6) x 10-2Opening a gate valve between the main vacuum chamber and the loading chamber when Pa and 0.5-2 Pa, introducing Ar gas, and performing ion bombardment cleaning on the surface of the blade for 5-15 min;
(4) moving the blade and the clamp to a main vacuum chamber after the ion bombardment cleaning, and performing YSZ ceramic surface layer deposition; the technological parameters of depositing the YSZ surface layer are as follows: the pressure of the main vacuum chamber is (3-5) x 10-2Pa, the voltage of an electron gun is 15-20 KV, the heating current of a YSZ target material is 1-2A, the rotating speed of a blade is 10-20 r/min, and the heating temperature of the blade is 850-950 ℃;
(5) and weighing the deposited YSZ ceramic surface layer blade.
The preparation method of the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide vane comprises the step (1) of obtaining an MCrAlY bottom layer with the thickness of 20-40 mu m.
In the preparation method of the double-body guide blade thermal barrier coating, in the step (1), the non-coating areas of the edge plates at the two ends of each double-body guide blade are protected by a first clamp box and a second clamp box, and the center of each double-body guide blade is coincided with the center of a target material of vacuum arc plating equipment; meanwhile, the fixture carries a furnace bending sample for evaluating the bonding strength and thickness of the coating.
The preparation method of the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide vane comprises the following steps of (2) performing vacuum heat treatment with the technological parameters: the charging temperature is below 150 ℃, the temperature is raised to 1050 +/-10 ℃ within 2.5-3 hours, the temperature is kept for 2-4 hours, then argon is filled in the furnace for 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the furnace is discharged after the temperature is cooled to below 80 ℃.
According to the preparation method of the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide vane, in the step (4), a YSZ surface layer with the thickness of 80-120 mu m is obtained.
In the preparation method of the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide blade, in the step (4), cooling air forms air film cooling on the surface of the blade through the channel of the tail-splitting seam area, and in order to avoid the blockage of the cooling channel, a random high-temperature alloy sheet is inserted into the blade tail-splitting seam area to prevent a YSZ coating from being deposited on the tail-splitting seam area, so that the air film cooling effect of the blade is ensured.
According to the preparation method of the thermal barrier coating of the duplex guide vane, a high-temperature alloy wire penetrates through the lower edge plate guide pipe and the upper edge plate guide pipe, the lower edge plate clamp box I and the upper edge plate clamp box II are fixed, and the non-coating areas of the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate at two ends of the duplex guide vane are effectively protected.
According to the preparation method of the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide vane, a thermocouple is inserted into a vane flow guide pipe to measure the deposition temperatures of different positions in the coating process of the vane in real time.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
the key point of the invention is a preparation method of a double-body guide vane MCrAlY bottom layer and a YSZ ceramic surface layer, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the MCrAlY bottom layer is prepared by adopting a vacuum arc plating process, the vacuum arc plating equipment has the characteristics that a plurality of arc sources are arranged on the inner wall of a furnace body of the vacuum arc plating equipment, and the dual-body guide blades can realize autorotation right in front of a target material, so that the MCrAlY bottom layer can be formed once by multiple pieces in one furnace without partition and multiple coating. At the same time, the bending specimen was carried with the furnace on a jig to evaluate the MCrAlY base thickness and bond strength.
The YSZ ceramic surface layer is prepared by adopting an EB-PVD process, high-temperature alloy wires penetrate through blade guide pipes to fix the blade lower edge plate protection clamp, three thermocouples penetrate through the two guide pipes to measure the temperatures of 6 different positions of the duplex guide blade in real time so as to ensure the uniformity of the surface temperature of the blade, and a conformal thin high-temperature alloy sheet is inserted into the blade tail slot area to prevent a YSZ coating from being deposited on the tail slot area so as to ensure the blade air film cooling effect. Meanwhile, in order to detect the thickness of the blade coating and the bonding strength of the coating, three furnace-bending samples are fixed on the surface of the upper edge plate protection clamp.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following main advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the MCrAlY bottom layer is prepared by adopting the vacuum arc plating equipment with a plurality of arc sources and the arc sources on the inner wall of the furnace body, and the duplex guide blades can realize autorotation right in front of the target, so that the MCrAlY bottom layer is formed by multiple pieces in one furnace at one time without zoning and multiple coating.
(2) The double-body guide vane MCrAlY can carry a furnace bending sample when coating the bottom layer, and is beneficial to monitoring the thickness of the coating and the bonding strength of the coating.
(3) The invention carries out real-time measurement on the deposition temperature which is a key parameter in the blade coating process, and simultaneously carries a furnace bending test sample to detect the thickness of the blade coating and the bonding strength of the coating, thereby being beneficial to ensuring the consistency and the stability of the quality of the YSZ ceramic surface layer prepared by the EB-PVD process.
(4) According to the invention, the random high-temperature alloy sheet is inserted into the blade tail slot area, so that the deposition of a YSZ coating on the tail slot area can be effectively avoided, and the air film cooling effect of the blade is ensured.
(5) The thermal barrier coating preparation method has good coating quality consistency and stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vacuum arc plating MCrAlY substrate fixture.
Fig. 2(a) -2 (b) are schematic diagrams of blade lower edge plate protection clamps at different angles.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a blade thermocouple insertion location.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the position of a bent specimen carried with a furnace.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of partial protection of a blade tail slit region.
In the figure, 1 main shaft, 2 vacuum arc plating clamps, 3 duplex guide vanes, 4 clamp boxes I, 5 clamp boxes II, 6 upper edge plates, 7 lower edge plates, 8 bending samples, 9 upper edge plate flow guide pipes, 10 lower edge plate flow guide pipes, 11 thermocouples and 12 high-temperature alloy sheets.
Detailed Description
In the specific implementation process, aiming at the requirement of the surface of a guide blade of a duplex body of an aeroengine on the preparation of a high-performance thermal barrier coating, the MCrAlY bottom layer is prepared by adopting a vacuum arc plating process with a plurality of arc sources, so that one-step forming of a plurality of pieces in one furnace is realized, zoning is not needed, and coating is carried out for a plurality of times, and meanwhile, a bending sample is carried on a clamp along with the furnace to evaluate the MCrAlY bottom layer and the bonding strength. The YSZ ceramic surface layer is prepared by adopting an EB-PVD process, a high-temperature alloy wire penetrates through the blade guide pipes to fix a blade lower edge plate protection clamp (a clamp box II 5), three thermocouples penetrate through the two guide pipes to measure the temperature of 6 different positions of the duplex guide blade in real time so as to ensure the uniformity of the surface temperature of the blade, and a conformal high-temperature alloy sheet is inserted into the blade tail slot area to prevent a YSZ coating from being deposited on the tail slot area so as to ensure the air film cooling effect of the blade. Meanwhile, in order to detect the thickness of the blade coating and the bonding strength of the coating, three furnace-bending samples are fixed on the surface of an upper edge plate protection clamp (a clamp box I4).
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1.
In the embodiment, the preparation method of the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide vane comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) loading the duplex guide blade subjected to wet sand blowing into a vacuum arc plating fixture, protecting the non-coating area of the blade by using a fixture box, and enabling the center of the blade to coincide with the center of the MCrAlY target. Meanwhile, the fixture can be carried with a furnace bending sample for evaluating the bonding strength and thickness of the coating. Carrying out ion cleaning on the surface of the blade before coating, and carrying out vacuum arc plating on the MCrAlY bottom layer after cleaning, wherein the technological parameters of the vacuum arc plating are as follows: arc current 70A, pressure 0.2Pa, negative bias-100V, duty cycle 20%, coating time 2 hours. Thus, an MCrAlY underlayer with a thickness of 40 μm was obtained.
(2) And (3) carrying out vacuum heat treatment on the duplex guide blade coated with the MCrAlY bottom layer, wherein the vacuum heat treatment process parameters are as follows: charging at 50 deg.C, heating to 1050 deg.C within 3 hr, holding at the temperature for 2 hr, introducing argon gas at 0.2MPa, cooling to below 80 deg.C, and discharging. And then carrying out wet sand blowing treatment, ultrasonic cleaning, acetone solution immersion cleaning and drying. The wet sand blowing process parameters are as follows: the granularity of the white corundum sand is 180 meshes, the content of the white corundum sand is 20 wt%, the wind pressure is 0.15MPa, and the sand blowing distance is 180 mm.
(3) The above blades were loaded into an electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) apparatus and carried with the furnace bending specimen. Opening the mechanical pump and the Roots pump, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree of the main vacuum chamber and the vacuum degree of the loading chamber are respectively 5 × 10-2And opening a gate valve between the main vacuum chamber and the loading chamber when Pa and 1Pa, introducing Ar gas, and performing ion bombardment cleaning on the surface of the blade for 10min to remove dirt on the surface of the blade and improve the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate.
In order to ensure the consistency and stability of the quality of the YSZ ceramic surface layer prepared by the EB-PVD process, the deposition temperature, which is a key parameter in the blade coating process, is measured in real time, and a furnace-following bending sample is carried to detect the thickness and the bonding strength of the coating of the blade.
(4) And moving the test piece and the clamp to a main vacuum chamber after the ion cleaning, and performing YSZ ceramic surface layer deposition. The technological parameters of depositing the YSZ surface layer are as follows: the pressure of the main vacuum chamber is 4 x 10-2Pa, the voltage of an electron gun is 18KV, the heating current of a YSZ target material is 1.5A, the rotating speed of the duplex guide vane is 15r/min, the heating temperature of the duplex guide vane is 900 ℃, and the coating time is 50min, thereby obtaining the coatingYSZ surface layer with thickness of 100 μm.
(5) And weighing the deposited YSZ ceramic surface layer blade.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a vacuum arc plating MCrAlY bottom fixture is shown, in which three duplex guide blades 3 are arranged in a group of vacuum arc plating fixtures 2 from top to bottom, and a main shaft 1 is arranged above and below each group of vacuum arc plating fixtures 2 to realize the autorotation of the duplex guide blades 3. In order to solve the problem that the blade cannot realize autorotation when the MCrAlY anti-oxidation coating is coated on the traditional vacuum arc plating (a single arc, a target material is in the center of equipment, and the blade is between the target material and the inner wall of a furnace body), and multiple coating in different areas is needed, so that the risks of interface pollution, edge formation at the interface joint, too thick coating thickness, premature failure and peeling of the coating and the like exist, the MCrAlY bottom layer is prepared by adopting vacuum arc plating equipment with a plurality of arc sources and with the arc sources on the inner wall of the furnace body, the number of the arc sources on the inner wall of the furnace body of the vacuum arc plating equipment is more than; the MCrAlY bottom coating clamps are more than two groups, and more than two MCrAlY bottom coating clamps in each group are vertically arranged, so that each duplex guide blade realizes autorotation right in front of one target, and the MCrAlY bottom is formed in one step without partition and multiple coating.
The non-coating areas of the edge plates at the two ends of each double-body guide blade 3 are protected by a first clamp box 4 and a second clamp box 5, and the center of each double-body guide blade coincides with the center of the MCrAlY target. And the blade autorotates in the coating process, so that the MCrAlY bottom layer is formed at one time. Meanwhile, the fixture can be carried with a furnace bending sample for evaluating the bonding strength and thickness of the coating.
As shown in fig. 2(a) -2 (b), the blade lower edge plate protection clamps at different angles are schematic diagrams. The high-temperature alloy wire penetrates through the lower edge plate guide pipe 10 and the upper edge plate guide pipe 9, and the lower edge plate clamp box I4 and the upper edge plate clamp box II 5 are fixed, so that the non-coating areas of the upper edge plate 6 and the lower edge plate 7 at two ends of the double-body guide blade can be effectively protected.
The blade thermocouple insertion location is shown schematically in FIG. 3. The thermocouples 11 are inserted into the blade guide pipe to measure the deposition temperatures of 6 different positions in the blade coating process in real time, so that the heating shape and the compensation mode of the electron beam can be adjusted and optimized, and the quality consistency and stability in the blade coating process are ensured.
As shown in fig. 4, the curved sample is carried with the furnace in a position schematic. Monitoring of coating thickness and coating bond strength is facilitated by carrying the test specimen 8 as it is bent.
As shown in FIG. 5, the partial protection of the blade tail slit area is schematically shown. The cooling air forms air film cooling on the blade surface through the channel of the tail slot area, in order to avoid the blockage of the cooling channel, the random type superalloy sheet 12 is inserted into the blade tail slot area to prevent the YSZ coating from being deposited into the tail slot area, the YSZ coating can be effectively prevented from being deposited into the tail slot area by inserting the random type superalloy sheet into the blade tail slot area, and the blade air film cooling effect is ensured.
The example results show that the MCrAlY bottom layer is prepared by adopting a vacuum arc plating process with a plurality of arc sources, the temperature of 6 different positions of the blade is measured in real time, the tail slot is locally coated, and the bent sample is carried along with the furnace. The duplex guide blade thermal barrier coating coated by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has completed the evaluation of the identification performance, the performance index meets the design requirement, and the service life and the reliability of the blade are effectively improved. The technology can be popularized and applied to preparation of the thermal barrier coating of the blade, service life, reliability and economy of the thermal barrier coating are effectively guaranteed, and the thermal barrier coating has a wide market prospect. The technology can also be popularized to other related fields, and has higher economic benefit.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a thermal barrier coating of a double-body guide vane is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) loading the duplex guide vane subjected to wet sand blasting into a vacuum arc plating fixture, and protecting a non-coating area of the vane by a fixture box; carrying out ion cleaning on the surface of the blade before coating, and carrying out vacuum arc plating on the MCrAlY bottom layer after cleaning, wherein the technological parameters of the vacuum arc plating are as follows: arc current is 70-80A, pressure intensity is 0.1-0.5 Pa, negative bias is-100 to-200V, duty ratio is 20-35%, and coating time is 1-2 hours;
preparing an MCrAlY bottom layer by adopting vacuum arc plating equipment with more than two arc sources and arc sources on the inner wall of a furnace body, wherein the arc sources on the inner wall of the furnace body of the vacuum arc plating equipment are more than two groups, and more than two arc sources in each group are arranged up and down; more than two groups of MCrAlY bottom coating clamps are arranged, and more than two MCrAlY bottom coating clamps in each group are arranged up and down, so that each duplex guide blade realizes autorotation right in front of a target, and the MCrAlY bottom is formed at one time;
(2) carrying out vacuum heat treatment on the duplex guide vane coated with the MCrAlY bottom layer, then carrying out wet sand blowing treatment, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning, dipping and washing with acetone solution, and drying; the wet sand blowing process parameters are as follows: the granularity of the white corundum sand is 150-200 meshes, the content of the white corundum sand is 15-25 wt%, the wind pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the sand blowing distance is 150-200 mm;
(3) loading the blade into an electron beam physical vapor deposition device and carrying a furnace-bending sample; opening the mechanical pump and the Roots pump, vacuumizing until the vacuum degrees of the main vacuum chamber and the loading chamber are respectively (4-6) x 10-2Opening a gate valve between the main vacuum chamber and the loading chamber when Pa and 0.5-2 Pa, introducing Ar gas, and performing ion bombardment cleaning on the surface of the blade for 5-15 min;
(4) moving the blade and the clamp to a main vacuum chamber after the ion bombardment cleaning, and performing YSZ ceramic surface layer deposition; the technological parameters of depositing the YSZ surface layer are as follows: the pressure of the main vacuum chamber is (3-5) x 10-2Pa, the voltage of an electron gun is 15-20 KV, the heating current of a YSZ target material is 1-2A, the rotating speed of a blade is 10-20 r/min, and the heating temperature of the blade is 850-950 ℃;
(5) weighing the deposited YSZ ceramic surface layer blade;
in the step (4), cooling air forms air film cooling on the surface of the blade through the channel of the tail-splitting seam area, and in order to avoid the blockage of the cooling channel, a conformal high-temperature alloy sheet is inserted into the blade tail-splitting seam area to avoid the deposition of a YSZ coating on the tail-splitting seam area, so that the air film cooling effect of the blade is ensured.
2. The method for preparing the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide vane as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), an MCrAlY bottom layer with the thickness of 20-40 μm is obtained.
3. The method for preparing a thermal barrier coating of a double-body guide vane as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), the uncoated areas of the edge plates at the two ends of each double-body guide vane are protected by a first fixture box and a second fixture box, and the center of the double-body guide vane coincides with the center of the target material of the vacuum arc plating equipment.
4. The method for preparing the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide vane as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the vacuum heat treatment process parameters are as follows: the charging temperature is below 150 ℃, the temperature is raised to 1050 +/-10 ℃ within 2.5-3 hours, the temperature is kept for 2-4 hours, then argon is filled in the furnace for 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the furnace is discharged after the temperature is cooled to below 80 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the thermal barrier coating of the double-body guide vane as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), a YSZ surface layer with the thickness of 80-120 μm is obtained.
6. The method for preparing thermal barrier coating of dual-body guide vane according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature alloy wire is passed through the lower edge plate draft tube and the upper edge plate draft tube, and the lower edge plate fixture box I and the upper edge plate fixture box II are fixed, so as to effectively protect the non-coating areas of the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate at the two ends of the dual-body guide vane.
7. The method for preparing a thermal barrier coating of a dual guide vane as claimed in claim 1, wherein thermocouples are inserted into the vane duct to measure the deposition temperatures at different positions during the coating process of the vanes in real time.
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| CN111394702A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-10 | 北航（四川）西部国际创新港科技有限公司 | Thermal barrier coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111962028A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-20 | 北京金轮坤天特种机械有限公司 | EB-PVD/APS composite structure double-ceramic-layer thermal barrier coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN113981364B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-07-21 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for improving thickness uniformity of aluminized layer of duplex guide vane |
| CN114807855A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-29 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Process method for preparing thermal barrier coating containing diffusion-resistant layer by EB-PVD one-step method |
| CN115558894A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-03 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of double-ceramic-layer thermal barrier coating of small-size multi-connected guide blade |
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