CN110734321A - Tomato water culture nutrient solution formula corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradient - Google Patents
Tomato water culture nutrient solution formula corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradient Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant soilless culture, in particular to tomato hydroponic nutrient solution formulas corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients, which comprise calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, urea, phosphoric acid, AR-grade nitric acid, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate ferric salt, boric acid, water manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and clear water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture of plants, in particular to a formula of tomato water culture nutrient solutions corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients.
Background
According to the research results, the soilless culture is used as advanced culture technologies to be rapidly developed in China, the nutrient solution is also more and more emphasized by people as a key factor for success or failure of the nutrient solution, particularly, water quality and nutrient solution blending are closely related, at present, many patents related to the nutrient solution are high, the requirement on water quality is high, for example, water is specified to be deionized water in patents with publication numbers of CN107879790A and CN109761714A, water is specified to be tap water in patents with publication number of CN109534885A, many commercial nutrient solutions are only suitable for tap water or softened or purified water, the price of the tap water is 3-4.5 yuan/ton in general, the purification cost of pure water is 6-10 yuan/ton, the utilization rate of the water in the purification treatment is only 40-75%, the production cost is increased, the utilization rate of the tap water is reduced, calcium ion from calcium ion in the water is not utilized, calcium ion concentration of the nutrient solution is not more than that calcium ion is added in the fresh water, calcium ion is not more than calcium ion concentration of calcium ion, calcium ion is utilized in the nutrient solution, calcium ion is used in the nutrient solution, calcium ion concentration of calcium ion, calcium ion is more than calcium ion, potassium.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art, provides tomato water culture nutrient solution formulas corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients, and can make up for the problem of strict water quality requirement of water culture and the blank of research on water culture vegetable culture by refining a water measurement formula to specific key ions.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
tomato water culture nutrient solution formula corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradient, comprising the following raw materials:
calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, urea, phosphoric acid, AR-grade nitric acid, sodium ferric ethylene diamine tetracetate, boric acid, -water manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and the balance of clear water.
, when the water quality parameters are that the calcium ion content is less than or equal to 45mg/L and the magnesium ion content is less than or equal to 30mg/L, PH, the value is 7-8, the raw material content in the nutrient solution formula is as follows:
450-660 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 659mg/L of potassium nitrate, 246-369 mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 20-30 mg/L of urea, 10-20ul/L of 250ul/L, AR-grade nitric acid, 20mg/L of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate iron salt, 3mg/L of boric acid, 2mg/L of manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08mg/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.522mg/L of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and the balance of clear water.
, when the water quality parameters are that the calcium ion content is more than or equal to 45mg/L and less than or equal to 90mg/L, the magnesium ion content is more than or equal to 15mg/L and less than or equal to 45mg/L, PH, and the value is 7-8, the raw material content in the nutrient solution formula is as follows:
270-550 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 659mg/L of potassium nitrate, 123-246 mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 20-40 mg/L of urea, 10-20ul/L of 250ul/L, AR-grade nitric acid with phosphoric acid, 20mg/L of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate iron salt, 3mg/L of boric acid, 2mg/L of manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08mg/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.522mg/L of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and the balance of clear water.
, when the water quality parameters are that the calcium ion content is not less than 75mg/L and not more than 120mg/L, the magnesium ion content is not less than 36mg/L and not more than 80mg/L, PH, and the value is 7-8, the raw material content in the nutrient solution formula is as follows:
100-380 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 659mg/L of potassium nitrate, 0mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0-72.5 mg/L of potassium sulfate, 20-50 mg/L of urea, 10-20ul/L of phosphoric acid 200-grade and L, AR-grade nitric acid, 20mg/L of sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetracetate, 3mg/L of boric acid, 2mg/L of -grade manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08mg/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.522mg/L of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate, and the balance of clear water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the invention is suitable for the water source with EC value less than or equal to 1.3ms/cm, calcium ion content less than or equal to 120mg/L and magnesium ion content less than or equal to 80mg/L, widens the taking range of the water source without water treatment, increases the utilization rate of water and reduces the actual production cost;
2. the invention adopts a water measuring formula mode, combines the adaptability of crops to the nutrient solution formula, fully utilizes calcium and magnesium ions in source water, saves resources and effectively reduces the cost of the nutrient solution;
3. the blended nutrient solution can effectively meet the requirement of high-quality production of tomatoes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a statistical chart of pH values of different water sources in tomato water culture nutrient solution formula examples corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients;
FIG. 2 is a statistical chart of EC values of different water sources in tomato water culture nutrient solution formula examples corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients;
FIG. 3 is a statistical chart of calcium ion contents of different water sources in tomato water culture nutrient solution formula examples corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients;
FIG. 4 is a statistical chart of magnesium ion content of different water sources in tomato water culture nutrient solution formula examples corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients;
FIG. 5 is a statistical chart of calcium ion content in different water qualities of the same formula in an embodiment of tomato water culture nutrient solution formulas corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients;
FIG. 6 is a statistical chart of the magnesium ion content in different water qualities of the same formula in an embodiment of tomato water culture nutrient solution formulas corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients;
FIG. 7 is a statistical chart of water quality conditions of different water sources in tomato water culture nutrient solution formula examples corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement objects and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of of the invention, but not all embodiments.
Example 1
tomato water culture nutrient solution formulas corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients, when the water quality parameters are that the calcium ion content is less than or equal to 45mg/L, the magnesium ion content is less than or equal to 30mg/L, PH, and the value is 7-8, the raw material content in the nutrient solution formula is as follows:
450-660 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 659mg/L of potassium nitrate, 246-369 mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 20-30 mg/L of urea, 10-20ul/L of 250ul/L, AR-grade nitric acid, 20mg/L of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate iron salt, 3mg/L of boric acid, 2mg/L of manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08mg/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.522mg/L of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and the balance of clear water.
Example 2
tomato water culture nutrient solution formulas corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients, when the water quality parameters are that the calcium ion content is more than or equal to 45mg/L and less than or equal to 90mg/L, the magnesium ion content is more than or equal to 15mg/L and less than or equal to 45mg/L, PH, and the value is 7-8, the raw material content in the nutrient solution formula is as follows:
270-550 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 659mg/L of potassium nitrate, 123-246 mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 20-40 mg/L of urea, 10-20ul/L of 250ul/L, AR-grade nitric acid with phosphoric acid, 20mg/L of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate iron salt, 3mg/L of boric acid, 2mg/L of manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08mg/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.522mg/L of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and the balance of clear water.
Example 3
tomato water culture nutrient solution formulas corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradients, when the water quality parameters are that the calcium ion content is more than or equal to 75mg/L and less than or equal to 120mg/L, the magnesium ion content is more than or equal to 36mg/L and less than or equal to 80mg/L, PH, and the value is 7-8, the raw material content in the nutrient solution formula is as follows:
100-380 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 659mg/L of potassium nitrate, 0mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0-72.5 mg/L of potassium sulfate, 20-50 mg/L of urea, 10-20ul/L of phosphoric acid 200-grade and L, AR-grade nitric acid, 20mg/L of sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetracetate, 3mg/L of boric acid, 2mg/L of -grade manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08mg/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.522mg/L of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate, and the balance of clear water.
In order to verify the technical effect of the formula, the following verification is carried out through an experimental method, and the specific verification steps are as follows:
1. purpose of the experiment
The experiment collects water sources in a plurality of areas in Henan province to detect the PH value and EC value and the contents of calcium and magnesium ions of the water sources, researches the difference among different water sources and key factors causing high EC value of water quality, and provides technical reference and theoretical basis for development and application of water-measuring formula nutrient solution.
2. Test materials
The measured water sample is obtained from the NFT cultivation test and demonstration point of 2019 spring stubbles sunlight greenhouse and plastic greenhouse of original flavor agriculture science and technology Limited company in Henan; the reagents and instrumentation used for the assay were provided by the gardening institute 122 laboratory of the university of agriculture, Henan.
3. Time and place of experiment
The water sample collection time is carried out on each test and demonstration point in batches from 3 month to 28 days to 5 months and 28 days in 2017; laboratory index test experiments were conducted in batches in the laboratory of the horticulture academy of agriculture university, Henan, between 3 and 29 and 5 and 30 months in 2017.
4. Test method
Sampling single water source or multiple water sources by adopting a completely random sampling mode according to the water supply source conditions of each test and demonstration point, wherein 20 water samples are detected at the time, wherein 2 water samples of the crane wall, the south Yang, the Huang river beach, the sui county, the test base of the company, the spring Yang, 1 water sample of the Song village, the big section village, the Yuntai mountain, the Xinmi and the Mao village and 3 water samples of the Anyang are stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, and the determination of calcium and magnesium mineral elements is completed within weeks after sampling.
5. Measurement item and measurement method
The measurement items are as follows: pH value, EC value, calcium ion content and magnesium ion content.
The measurement method is as follows: measuring the PH value by using a thunder magnetic PHB-4 portable pH meter; measuring EC value (unit: ms/cm) by using a thunder magnetic DBB-303A portable conductivity meter; method for measuring content (unit: mg/L) of calcium and magnesium ions in water source by using atomic absorption method
All test data were analyzed for variance using SPSS17.0 software, data statistics and mapping were performed using WPS office2016 software, and multiple comparisons were made for significance differences (P <0.05) using the LSD test.
6. Test results
As shown in figure 1, the pH values of water sources in different areas on sampling points generally fluctuate between 7 and 8.5, and the pH values of different water sources have different differences, such as the pH values of different water sources in the same areas on four points of the crane wall, south Yang, sui county and base are greatly fluctuated, the pH values of different water sources in the same areas on two points of Anyang and spring Yang are relatively stable, and the pH values of the water sources in different areas are greatly different or close to each other.
As shown in FIG. 2, the EC values of 20 water samples are sorted from small to large according to the ratio of the water quality of the water source to the water quality of the water source, and the water quality of the water source is adjusted to 36 cm by taking account of the formula of the water source when the water source is used for water culture.
As shown in FIG. 3, the calcium ion contents of 20 water samples are sorted from less to more in such a way that the calcium ion contents of the water samples are (from less than 20) new density < maozhuang < crane wall 1 < Anyang 3 < Song village < Nanyang 2 < base 1 < spring yang 2 < Huang river beach 2 < base 2 < Anyang 1 < Huang river beach 1 < Yun Taishan mountain < major segment village < Nanyang 1 < Shuyang county 2 < sui county 1, wherein the calcium ion contents of the water samples of the crane wall 1, the crane wall 2, the Nanyang 1, the Nanyang beach 1, the yellow river beach 2, the village, the major segment village, the sui county 1 and the sui county 2 are significantly different from those of the Song Yang 1 and the maozhuang county; the calcium ion content in the water samples of the yellow river beach 2, the base 2, the spring Yang 2, the AnYang 1 and the AnYang 2 is different but not reach a significant level;
therefore, the calcium ion content in different water sources is different and the difference is -dependent on the EC value of the water source, so the calcium ion content must be considered when designing the nutrient solution formula or using the nutrient solution of a certain formula in a certain place.
As shown in FIG. 4, the magnesium ion contents of 20 water samples are sorted from less to more in order of Nanyang 2 < Geranium 2 < Nanyang 1 < Geranium 1 < Yuntai mountain < Song village < New dense < Huang river beach 2 < Janesian yang 2 < Anyang 3 < Maozhuang < Huang river beach 1 < Janesian yang 1 < Anyang 2 < Anyang 1 < Ziyang 1 < base 1 < Large section village < sui county 1 < sui county 2, wherein the difference between the magnesium ion contents of the Geranium 2 and Nanyang 2, between the base 1 and Anyang 1, between the Anyang 3 and Maozhuang water samples is not significant, and the difference between the magnesium ion contents of other water samples reaches significant levels, so that the magnesium ion contents of different water sources are different and have relationship with the EC value of the water source, and therefore, when a certain formula is used in a certain place, the problem of considering the EC value of the magnesium ion contents of the selected water sources and calcium ion contents must be considered.
7. Conclusion of the experiment
The test researches the water quality conditions of different water sources through NFT cultivation tests and water sample detection of demonstration points of different spring stubbles of solar greenhouses and plastic greenhouses in 2019 of original flavor agriculture science and technology Limited company in Henan, and test results show that:
(1) the detected water samples are alkaline, the pH values and EC values of different water sources are different, and the pH values and EC values of the water sources need to be considered when designing the formula of the nutrient solution;
(2) the content of calcium ions and magnesium ions in water is a key factor for determining the EC value of the water, and the content of the calcium ions and the magnesium ions of the water must be considered when designing a nutrient solution formula or using a certain formula nutrient solution at a certain place while considering the pH value and the EC value of a selected water source.
Performance test of the same formula in different water sources
1. Purpose of the experiment
The test dissolves the nutrient solution formula with the same components into different water sources, researches different performances of different water quality on the same nutrient solution formula, and aims to provide technical reference and theoretical basis for development and application of the nutrient solution of the water measuring formula.
2. Test materials
The formula in the embodiment 1-3 of the invention is adopted to research the different performances of different water sources on the same nutrient solution formula, the water sources are taken from NFT cultivation tests and demonstration of the original flavor agriculture science and technology Limited company in Henan, two points of Anyang and capillary, and the water quality condition is shown in figure 7 in detail; the fertilizers in the formula are purchased from agricultural materials of new friends; the reagents and instrumentation used for the assay were provided by the gardening institute 122 laboratory of the university of agriculture, Henan.
3. Time and place of experiment
The preparation of nutrient solutions with different formulas and different water sources and the detection of related indexes are carried out in a laboratory of horticulture academy of agriculture university in Henan, 6.11-6.12.2019.
4. Test method
The method comprises the steps of preparing formulas according to different water source conditions to form 1 time of working solution, wherein 4 water sources in the nutrient solution detected this time are provided, the number of the water sources from Anyang is four, the number of the water sources from Maozhuang is , the water sources are numbered as 1, 2, 3 and 4, the numbers of the nutrient solutions prepared by sequentially combining the formulas in examples 1-3 are A1, A2, A3 and A4, 500ml is treatments, and the nutrient solution of each formula of each water source is repeated for 3 times.
5. Measurement item and measurement method
The measurement items are as follows: pH value, EC value, calcium ion content and magnesium ion content.
The measurement method is as follows: measuring the PH value by using a thunder magnetic PHB-4 portable pH meter; measuring EC value (unit: ms/cm) by using a thunder magnetic DBB-303A portable conductivity meter; the contents (unit: mg/L) of calcium and magnesium ions in the water source are measured by an atomic absorption method.
All experimental data were analyzed for variance using SPSS17.0 software, data statistics and mapping were performed using wpsoff 2016 software, and multiple comparisons for significance differences (P <0.05) were performed using LSD test.
6. Test results
As can be seen from FIG. 7, the pH values and the calcium ion contents of the water samples 1 and 2 are similar, the pH values of the water samples 3 and 4 are similar, but the calcium ion content difference is large, and from FIG. 5, the calcium ion content difference of the same nutrient solution formula in the four water qualities reaches a significant level, which shows that the effective utilization rates of the calcium ions in different water qualities are different, the performances of the same formula in different water qualities are also different, and it is very necessary to select the soilless culture nutrient solution formula according to the local water quality conditions.
As can be seen from the graph 7, the pH values and the magnesium ion contents of the water samples 1 and 2 and the water samples 3 and 4 are similar, and from the graph 6, the difference between the magnesium ion contents of the water samples 1 and 2 and the difference between the magnesium ion contents of the water samples 3 and 4 are not obvious in the same nutrient solution formula but reach a significant level, which shows that the effective utilization rates of the magnesium ions in different water qualities are similar, the performance of the same formula in different water qualities is different, the influence of the magnesium ion contents in the basic water quality on the final magnesium ion contents in the nutrient solution is large, and it is necessary to select the soilless culture nutrient solution formula according to the local water quality condition.
7. Conclusion of the experiment
In the test, the nutrient solution formula with the same components is dissolved in different water sources, the different performances of different water quality on the same nutrient solution formula are researched, and the test result shows that:
1. the effective utilization rates of calcium ions in different water qualities are different, but the effective utilization rates of magnesium ions in different water qualities are similar;
2. the content of calcium and magnesium ions in the basic water has great influence on the content of calcium and magnesium ions in the final nutrient solution;
3. the formula of the soilless culture nutrient solution is very necessary to be selected according to the local water quality condition;
from the above analysis, it can be known that the water quality of different water sources is different, the performance of the same nutrient solution formula in different water qualities is also different, the physicochemical property of the final nutrient solution is influenced by the EC value of the basic water quality, and the content of calcium and magnesium ions in the basic water quality, and the water formula can be determined or a proper formula can be selected according to the water quality to be necessary in water culture by combining the field application effect.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (4)
1, tomato water culture nutrient solution formula corresponding to water quality calcium and magnesium concentration gradient, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials:
calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, urea, phosphoric acid, AR-grade nitric acid, sodium ferric ethylene diamine tetracetate, boric acid, -water manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and the balance of clear water.
2. The tomato water culture nutrient solution formula corresponding to water quality calcium-magnesium concentration gradient, according to claim 1, wherein when the water quality parameters are calcium ion content less than or equal to 45mg/L and magnesium ion content less than or equal to 30mg/L, PH value is 7-8, the raw material content in the nutrient solution formula is as follows:
450-660 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 659mg/L of potassium nitrate, 246-369 mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 20-30 mg/L of urea, 10-20ul/L of 250ul/L, AR-grade nitric acid, 20mg/L of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate iron salt, 3mg/L of boric acid, 2mg/L of manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08mg/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.522mg/L of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and the balance of clear water.
3. The tomato water culture nutrient solution formula corresponding to water quality calcium-magnesium concentration gradient, according to claim 1, wherein when the water quality parameter is 45 mg/L-calcium ion content is less than or equal to 90mg/L, 15 mg/L-magnesium ion content is less than or equal to 45mg/L, PH value is 7-8, the raw material content in the nutrient solution formula is:
270-550 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 659mg/L of potassium nitrate, 123-246 mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 20-40 mg/L of urea, 10-20ul/L of 250ul/L, AR-grade nitric acid with phosphoric acid, 20mg/L of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate iron salt, 3mg/L of boric acid, 2mg/L of manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08mg/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.522mg/L of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and the balance of clear water.
4. The tomato water culture nutrient solution formula corresponding to water quality calcium-magnesium concentration gradient, according to claim 1, wherein when the water quality parameter is 75 mg/L-calcium ion content is 120mg/L, 36 mg/L-magnesium ion content is 80mg/L, PH value is 7-8, the raw material content in the nutrient solution formula is:
100-380 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 659mg/L of potassium nitrate, 0mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0-72.5 mg/L of potassium sulfate, 20-50 mg/L of urea, 10-20ul/L of phosphoric acid 200-grade and L, AR-grade nitric acid, 20mg/L of sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetracetate, 3mg/L of boric acid, 2mg/L of -grade manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.08mg/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.522mg/L of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate, and the balance of clear water.
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| CN104591834A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-05-06 | 广东利泰农业开发有限公司 | Tomato water-culture nutrient solution and application method thereof |
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| CN103387435A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-13 | 王瑞明 | Soilless culture nutrient solution for tomatoes |
| CN103626558A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-12 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Tomato water culture nutrient solution |
| CN104591834A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-05-06 | 广东利泰农业开发有限公司 | Tomato water-culture nutrient solution and application method thereof |
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