CN110731339A - 一种调节植物生长的农药组合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种调节植物生长的农药组合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN110731339A
CN110731339A CN201911000811.0A CN201911000811A CN110731339A CN 110731339 A CN110731339 A CN 110731339A CN 201911000811 A CN201911000811 A CN 201911000811A CN 110731339 A CN110731339 A CN 110731339A
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李志江
林建海
楚娟娟
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Jiangxi Xinbang Biochemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种调节植物生长的农药组合物及其应用,包括活性成分和增效安全剂,所述活性成分由如下重量份的组分组成:芸苔素内酯0.001~1份、赤霉素0.3~20份和胺鲜酯1~10份,所述增效安全剂由如下重量份的组分组成:甘油磷酸钙1~3份、黄柏提取物1~5份。本发明对人体和环境无害,并可作为果树破眠剂,对果树渗透性强、附着力好、能够缩短果树的休眠期、加快果树打破休眠的速度,优于市售产品。本发明各组分混合后使用,各组分的功能得到了互补和协调,可提高果树的发芽率、提高果树生物学活性,缩短果树休眠期,提高了果树的产量。

Description

一种调节植物生长的农药组合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于植物生长调节剂技术领域,具体地涉及一种调节植物生长的农药组合物及其应用。
背景技术
植物芽休眠是植物生长发育过程中的一个暂停现象,是一种有益的生物学特性,是植物经过长期演化而获得的一种对环境条件及季节性变化的生物学适应性。在热带和亚热带、暖冬地区和保护地果树栽培中,常因低温需冷量不能满足果树的需要,而造成萌芽开花不整齐,芽子脱落,果树生长发育不良。尽管在选育低需冷量品种方面已取得许多进展,但仍需人工措施来弥补自然低温量之不足,并成为许多国家果树管理中的常规技术。在果树的保护地栽培中需要通过有效的解除休眠的技术实施,才能实现果树的提前生长和果实的提前成熟。所以,研究果树的休眠对指导果树生产有重要意义。
解决休眠严重不足的有效措施是进行破眠处理,促进萌芽,改善胚珠、胚囊的发育,提高坐果率和经济产量,而破眠技术的关键即是破眠剂的选择和施用技术。生产生活用于打破休眠的技术有利用化学药剂处理和物理措施破眠两种。归纳起来,用于打破休眠的药剂一般分为两类,一类是二硝基化合物、KNO3、NH4NO3、氢氰胺、石灰氮等无机化学药剂,但无机化学药剂存在对环境和人体的伤害;另一类是以赤霉酸、细胞分裂素等生长激素为主的药剂,但激素的残留,又导致了新的问题。而如加温、变温等物理措施的成本又太高,或者在实际操作中不具有可行性,难以推广。因此,寻找一种安全、破眠效果好的果树破眠剂是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明目的在于克服现有技术不足,研制一种安全、破眠效果好的调节植物生长的农药组合物。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,包括活性成分和增效安全剂,所述活性成分由如下重量份的组分组成:芸苔素内酯0.001~1份、赤霉素0.3~20份和胺鲜酯1~10份,所述增效安全剂由如下重量份的组分组成:甘油磷酸钙1~3份、黄柏提取物1~5份。
优选地,所述芸苔素内酯选自22,23,24-表芸苔素内酯、24-表芸苔素内酯、28-表高芸苔素内酯、28-高芸苔素内酯、丙酰芸苔素内酯或14-羟基芸苔素甾醇中的一种。
优选地,所述赤霉素选自GA3、GA4、GA7或GA4+7中的一种。
本发明的另一个目的在于保护上述调节植物生长的农药组合物在打破果树休眠中的应用,所述果树为葡萄、樱桃、桃子、核桃或石榴中的任意一种。
优选地,喷布或者涂抹所述农药组合物制成的浓度为100~1000mg/L的生长调节剂于休眠芽。
较佳地,所述果树为葡萄树。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点和积极效果如下:
(1)各组分均对人体和环境无害,无复杂的化学成分,也不会造成激素的残留,不会带来安全问题,对果树不会产生药害,对环境友好,对果树高度安全。
(2)可以作为果树破眠剂,对果树渗透性强、附着力好、能够缩短果树的休眠期、加快果树打破休眠的速度,优于市售产品。
(3)本发明各组分混合后使用,各组分的功能得到了互补和协调,可提高果树的发芽率、提高果树生物学活性,缩短了果树树休眠期,提高了果树的产量。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施例做详细说明。
实施例1
一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,由如下重量份的组分组成:28-高芸苔素内酯0.01份、赤霉素3(GA3)10.2份、胺鲜酯5份、甘油磷酸钙1~3份和黄柏提取物1~5份,按照常规方法用水配制成浓度为350mg/L的生长调节剂。
实施例2
一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,由如下重量份的组分组成:22,23,24-表芸苔素内酯0.1份、赤霉素4(GA4)15.3份、胺鲜酯8.5份、甘油磷酸钙2.1份和黄柏提取物3.5份,按照常规方法用水配制成浓度为500mg/L的生长调节剂。
实施例3
一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,由如下重量份的组分组成:24-表芸苔素内酯1份、赤霉素7(GA7)20份、胺鲜酯10份、甘油磷酸钙3份和黄柏提取物5份,按照常规方法用水配制成浓度为1000mg/L的生长调节剂。
实施例4
一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,由如下重量份的组分组成:28-表高芸苔素内酯0.25份、赤霉素4+7(GA4+7)2.5份、胺鲜酯3.5份、甘油磷酸钙2份和黄柏提取物3份,按照常规方法用水配制成浓度为800mg/L的生长调节剂。
实施例5
一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,由如下重量份的组分组成:丙酰芸苔素内酯1份、赤霉素7(GA7)1份、胺鲜酯3.5份、甘油磷酸钙1.2份和黄柏提取物2.4份,按照常规方法用水配制成浓度为100mg/L的生长调节剂。
实施例6
一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,由如下重量份的组分组成:14-羟基芸苔素甾醇0.01份、赤霉素3(GA3)0.3份、胺鲜酯1份、甘油磷酸钙1份和黄柏提取物1份,按照常规方法用水配制成浓度为200mg/L的生长调节剂。
上述实施例1~6的(GA3、GA4、GA7和GA4+7)赤霉素、胺鲜酯和甘油磷酸钙,购自于陕西昊辰生物科技有限公司;
黄柏提取物购自于朗宏生物科技有限公司;
28-高芸苔素内酯、22,23,24-表芸苔素内酯、24-表芸苔素内酯、28-表高芸苔素内酯、丙酰芸苔素内酯和14-羟基芸苔素甾醇,由江西鑫邦科技有限责任公司生产。
田间药效试验
1材料和方法
1.1试验材料
供试作物:巨峰葡萄100个二年生果枝,每枝上2~3个芽体;
1.2供试药剂
实验组:实施例1制备的生长调节剂;
对照组1:10%GA3;
对照组2:0.01%28-高芸苔素内酯+10%GA3;
CK0:清水对照。
1.3施药时间
在四川省成都市蒲江县大塘镇采集葡萄枝,取回后进行去污处理,然后进行施药,施药方法为用毛笔蘸取药剂,涂抹于休眠芽。
2试验设计
2.1药剂处理组别如下表1所示:
表1:
Figure BDA0002241254230000041
*注:至第四天调察时,所有处理中均有若干葡萄芽浸没水中,最后导致凡浸没到水中的葡萄芽均未发芽(此芽数即括号中数值),所以后期计算发芽率时未将此种芽计算在内。
2.2小区设计
本试验设4个处理,3个其它药剂对照,1个清水对照,共8个小区。各小区随机排列。
2.3试验方法
2.3.1葡萄枝采集
采集葡萄枝均为二年生以上母枝,葡萄品种为巨峰品种,共采集100个母枝,每枝上均有2~3个芽体,芽体总鲜质量>3g,带回后,取饱满冬芽用去离子水洗净后,吸水纸吸干,用于实验。
2.3.2药剂及控温处理
用毛笔蘸取表2中的各组药剂,按表2中的设计对每小区的葡萄枝芽进行涂抹,本实施例中所有处理均于室温进行。
3试验结果与分析
3.1试验结果
第一天处理后至第四天,各组葡萄没有什么变化,第26天与第30天调察的结果分别如下表2和表3所示:
表2第26天时各处理葡萄发芽情况
Figure BDA0002241254230000042
Figure BDA0002241254230000051
表3第30天时各处理葡萄发芽情况
Figure BDA0002241254230000052
3.2结果分析
从表2中数据可看出:实施例1制备的生长调节剂对葡萄破眠效果相较对照药剂(10%GA3赤霉素、0.01%28-高芸苔素内酯+10%GA3赤霉素)效果更好。
4试验结论
在打破葡萄芽休眠室内生测试验中的所有处理中实施例1制备的生长调节剂对葡萄破眠效果相较于对照药剂(10%GA3赤霉素、0.01%28-高芸苔素内酯+10%GA3赤霉素)效果更好,并且对葡萄生长无不良影响。
本发明人还考察了本发明实施例2~6制备的生长调节剂对其他果树包括有樱桃、桃子、核桃或石榴等进行了药效试验,最终得到的试验结论与葡萄的试验结论基本相似,均能够缩短果树的休眠期、加快果树打破休眠的速度,提高果树的发芽率、生物学活性,并提高果树的产量,对果树不会产生药害,对环境友好,对果树高度安全。
上述实施例仅是本发明的较优实施方式,凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修饰、修改及替代变化,均属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,其特征在于,包括活性成分和增效安全剂,所述活性成分由如下重量份的组分组成:芸苔素内酯0.001~1份、赤霉素0.3~20份和胺鲜酯1~10份,所述增效安全剂由如下重量份的组分组成:甘油磷酸钙1~3份、黄柏提取物1~5份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,其特征在于,所述芸苔素内酯选自22,23,24-表芸苔素内酯、24-表芸苔素内酯、28-表高芸苔素内酯、28-高芸苔素内酯、丙酰芸苔素内酯或14-羟基芸苔素甾醇中的一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种调节植物生长的农药组合物,其特征在于,所述赤霉素选自GA3、GA4、GA7或GA4+7中的一种。
4.权利要求1~3任意一项所述的一种调节植物生长的农药组合物在打破果树休眠中的应用,所述果树为葡萄、樱桃、桃子、核桃或石榴中的任意一种。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种调节植物生长的农药组合物在打破果树休眠中的应用,其特征在于,喷布或涂抹所述农药组合物制成的浓度为100~1000mg/L的生长调节剂于休眠芽。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种调节植物生长的农药组合物在打破果树休眠中的应用,其特征在于,所述果树为葡萄树。
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WO2021162864A1 (en) * 2020-02-14 2021-08-19 Suntton Company Limited Plant regulator compositions
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