CN110728691B - Multi-temporal water sideline-based coastline automatic judgment method - Google Patents

Multi-temporal water sideline-based coastline automatic judgment method Download PDF

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CN110728691B
CN110728691B CN201910949127.0A CN201910949127A CN110728691B CN 110728691 B CN110728691 B CN 110728691B CN 201910949127 A CN201910949127 A CN 201910949127A CN 110728691 B CN110728691 B CN 110728691B
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water
line
lines
coastline
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CN110728691A (en
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盛辉
张驰
刘善伟
万剑华
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China University of Petroleum East China
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/12—Edge-based segmentation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10032—Satellite or aerial image; Remote sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20112—Image segmentation details
    • G06T2207/20152—Watershed segmentation

Abstract

The invention fully considers the shoreline position determination principle, namely the boundary on the multi-temporal water sideline obtained based on remote sensing images is similar to the average climax line, namely the shoreline, and invents a method for automatically judging the shoreline based on the multi-temporal water sideline, which comprises the following basic steps: preprocessing a remote sensing image and extracting a water line; calculating the coordinates of the intersection point of the two water line lines and segmenting according to the intersection point; calculating a connecting line and a perpendicular line of each section of end point; establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system; comparing the size of the vertical coordinate of the intersection point of the longitudinal axis and the water line, wherein the water line with the large vertical coordinate is an upper boundary; and judging and combining section by section, and circularly realizing the judgment of a plurality of water lines to obtain the coastline. The method provided by the invention is scientific and reasonable and easy to realize, realizes the automatic discrimination of the coastline based on the multi-temporal water line by utilizing the method, and improves the efficiency of the coastline discrimination.

Description

Multi-temporal water sideline-based coastline automatic judgment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of remote sensing image processing, in particular to the application field of coastline extraction, and specifically relates to a coastline automatic discrimination method based on multi-temporal waterplane lines.
Background
The coastline is a sea-land boundary, which means the sea-land boundary when the average high tide and high tide level is reached for many years in China. Under the influence of natural environment and human development, the coastline is always in a changing state, and the accurate mastering of the coastline position, the transition process and the future change trend has very important significance for guiding activities such as coastline cultivation, sailing transportation and the like.
The traditional shoreline surveying and mapping method mainly comprises a real land measurement method and a photogrammetry method. The coastline scope is wide, the change is fast, the ground feature is broken, has increased coastline investigation's complexity, and traditional detection method intensity of labour is big, working cycle is long, inefficiency, is difficult to realize the dynamic monitoring of coastline, receives the restriction of conditions such as geographical environment moreover, leads to investigation region difficult to reach, and the survey and drawing degree of difficulty is big.
The modern remote sensing technology is a comprehensive application technology for earth observation based on physical means, geological analysis and mathematical methods, has strong data acquisition capacity, has the advantages of large range, high time resolution, multiple spectra, multiple time phases, no limitation of weather and geographic environment conditions and the like, and is an effective technical means for coastline monitoring and extraction.
The existing methods for automatically extracting the coastline based on the remote sensing image are various in types, but most of the results extracted by the automatic extraction methods are instantaneous water lines of the satellite transit time, and the water lines are not necessarily real coastlines, namely average climax and climax lines. The probability that the multi-temporal remote sensing image falls in the time window of the climax is higher, and the boundary of the multi-temporal water borderline obtained based on the remote sensing image can be approximated to the average climax, so that the invention provides the method for automatically judging the boundary of the multi-temporal water borderline, and the automatic judgment of the real coastline is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a coastline automatic discrimination method based on a multi-temporal waterwall, which realizes automatic discrimination of boundaries on the multi-temporal waterwall by fully considering the principle that the multi-temporal waterwall automatically discriminates the coastline.
(II) technical scheme
The invention comprises the following steps:
(1) and carrying out water sideline extraction on the preprocessed remote sensing image to obtain a multi-temporal water sideline.
Preprocessing the remote sensing images of the same area at different periods and respectively extracting the waterside lines, wherein the waterside line corresponding to each image is named as S in sequence1，S2，…，Sn；
(2) And calculating intersection points of the water lines and segmenting. Selecting two water lines S in the water lines extracted in the step (1)1And S2，S1And S2The coordinates of the intersection points are sequentially (x)1,y1)，(x2,y2)，…，(xm+1,ym+1) Will S1，S2Dividing the intersection point into m sections, each section including two water lines S1b，S2bThe connecting line of each section of end point is named as L in sequence1，L2，…，Lm；
(3) And establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system on a connecting line of each section of end point. Calculating LbSlope k ofbAnd the midpoint ZbCoordinate (x)zb,yzb) Find ZbAnd with LbVertical straight line CbWith ZbAs the origin of coordinates, in LbIs the x-axis with LbPerpendicular line CbIs the y-axis, to L1，L2，…，LmEstablishing a plane rectangular coordinate system for each section of the water line;
(4) and (5) judging the upper boundary of the water boundary. Respectively calculate CbAnd S1b，S2bPoint of intersection J1b，J2bCoordinate of (D), comparison J1b，J2bThe water side line with the large ordinate is the upper boundary of the b-th section, and the upper boundaries of all the sections of water side lines are combined into one water side line H1To obtain S1，S2The upper boundary of the waterside line;
(5) and (4) finishing automatic discrimination of the coastline according to the upper boundary of the water sideline obtained in the step (4). H is to be1And S3Judging according to the steps (2) to (4) to obtain the upper boundary H of the water sideline2And repeating the above steps to sequentially judge the n water side lines until H is obtainedn-2And SnWater edge upper boundary Hn-1And realizing automatic discrimination of the coastline.
Further, the preprocessing in the step (1) comprises radiation correction and geometric correction, and an algorithm for extracting the waterside line is a marked watershed algorithm.
Further, in the step (2), m +1 represents S1，S2The number of the intersection points is specified to only take the part between the head and tail intersection points of the two water lines as the water line to be distinguished, and the rest parts are ignored.
Further, in the step (3), LbThe slope is calculated as:
kb＝(yb+1-yb)/(xb+1-xb)
midpoint ZbCoordinate (x)zb,yzb) The calculation formula is as follows:
xzb＝(xb+xb+1)/2
yzb＝(yb+yb+1)/2
Cbthe equation of the straight line is as follows:
y-yzb＝kCb×(x-xzb)
kCb＝-1/kb
wherein k isb，kCbAre respectively Lb，Cb(x) slope of (C)zb,yzb) Is LbAnd (4) a midpoint coordinate.
Further, in the step (4), the method for determining the positive direction of the coordinate system comprises: with L1To LmThe positive direction of (2) is the positive x-axis direction, along the positive x-axis direction, if the land is on the right side of the x-axis, the positive y-axis direction is on the right side of the x-axis, and if the land is on the left side of the x-axis, the positive y-axis direction is on the left side of the x-axis.
(III) advantageous effects
The advantages of the invention are embodied in that:
although the automatic coastline extraction based on the remote sensing image has been greatly developed and the existing methods are various, most of the automatic extraction methods have the extraction results of the instantaneous water line of the satellite transit time, and the water line is not necessarily the real coastline, namely the average climax. Therefore, a shoreline position determination principle is proposed: the nearest neighbor land boundary of the multi-temporal water line obtained based on the remote sensing image is approximate to the average climax line. In consideration of the algorithm, the method realizes the discrimination of the nearest neighbor land boundary of the multi-temporal water sideline by using the algorithm, realizes automatic discrimination, improves the accuracy of the discrimination result of the coastline, and has important significance for the research of the coastline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps performed in the present invention,
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water border line discriminating process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
referring to fig. 1, the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preprocessing the remote sensing images of the same area at different periods and respectively extracting the waterside lines, wherein the waterside line corresponding to each image is named as S in sequence1，S2，…，Sn；
The preprocessing comprises radiation correction and geometric correction, and the algorithm for extracting the water borderline is a marked watershed algorithm.
(2) Referring to fig. 2, two of the edge lines S extracted in step (1) are selected1And S2，S1，S2The coordinates of the intersection points are sequentially (x)1,y1)，(x2,y2)，…，(xm+1,ym+1) Will S1，S2Dividing the intersection point into m sections, each section including two water lines S1b，S2bThe connecting line of each section of end point is marked as L in sequence1，L2，…，Lm；
Wherein m +1 represents S1，S2The number of the intersection points is specified to only take the part between the head intersection point and the tail intersection point of the two water side lines as the water side line to be distinguished, and the rest parts are ignored.
(3) And establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system on a connecting line of each section of end point. Calculating LbSlope k ofbAnd the midpoint ZbCoordinate (x)zb,yzb) Find ZbAnd with LbVertical straight line CbWith ZbIs the origin of coordinates, LbIs the x-axis, LbPerpendicular line CbIs the y-axis, to L1，L2，…，LmEstablishing a plane rectangular coordinate system for each section of the water line;
wherein L isbThe slope is calculated as:
kb＝(yb+1-yb)/(xb+1-xb)
midpoint ZbCoordinate (x)zb,yzb) The calculation formula is as follows:
xzb＝(xb+xb+1)/2
yzb＝(yb+yb+1)/2
Cbthe equation of the straight line is as follows:
y-yzb＝kCb×(x-xzb)
kCb＝-1/kb
wherein k isb，kCbAre respectively Lb，Cb(x) slope of (C)zb,yzb) Is LbAnd (4) a midpoint coordinate.
Wherein L is defined1To LmThe positive direction of (2) is the positive x-axis direction, along the positive x-axis direction, if the land is on the right side of the x-axis, the positive y-axis direction is on the right side of the x-axis, and if the land is on the left side of the x-axis, the positive y-axis direction is on the left side of the x-axis.
(4) And (5) judging the upper boundary of the water boundary. Respectively calculate CbAnd S1b，S2bPoint of intersection J1b，J2bCoordinate of (D), comparison J1b，J2bThe water side line with the large ordinate is the upper boundary of the b-th section, and the upper boundaries of all the sections of water side lines are combined into one water side line H1To obtain S1，S2Is located above the water edge.
(5) And (4) finishing automatic discrimination of the coastline according to the upper boundary of the water sideline obtained in the step (4). H is to be1And S3Judging according to the steps (2) to (4) to obtain the upper boundary H of the water sideline2And repeating the above steps to sequentially judge the n water side lines until H is obtainedn-2And SnWater edge upper boundary Hn-1And realizing automatic discrimination of the coastline.

Claims (1)

1. A coastline automatic discrimination method based on a multi-temporal waterside line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out waterside extraction on the preprocessed remote sensing image to obtain a multi-temporal waterside;
preprocessing the remote sensing images of the same area at different periods and respectively extracting the waterside lines, wherein the waterside line corresponding to each image is named as S in sequence1，S2，…，Sn；
(2) Calculating intersection points of the water lines, segmenting, and selecting two water lines S in the water lines extracted in the step (1)1And S2，S1And S2The coordinates of the intersection points are sequentially (x)1，y1)，(x2，y2)，…，(xm+1，ym+1) Will S1，S2Dividing the intersection point into m sections, each section including two water lines S1b，S2bThe connecting line of each section of end point is named as L in sequence1，L2，…，Lm；
Wherein m +1 represents S1，S2The number of the intersection points is specified to only take the part between the head and tail intersection points of the two water side lines as the water side line to be distinguished, and the rest parts are ignored;
(3) establishing a rectangular plane coordinate system on the connection line of each section of end point, and calculating LbSlope k ofbAnd the midpoint ZbCoordinate (x)zb，yzb) Find ZbAnd with LbVertical straight line CbWith ZbIs the origin of coordinates, LbIs the x-axis, LbPerpendicular line CbIs the y-axis, to L1，L2，…，LmEstablishing a plane rectangular coordinate system for each section of the water line;
wherein the positive direction of the x-axis is defined as L1To LmIf the land is on the right side of the positive x-axis direction, the positive y-axis direction is defined as the right side of the x-axis, and if the land is on the left side of the positive x-axis direction, the positive y-axis direction is defined as the left side of the x-axis;
(4) judging the upper boundary of the water edge line; respectively calculate CbAnd S1b，S2bPoint of intersection J1b，J2bCoordinate of (D), comparison J1b，J2bThe water side line with the large ordinate is the upper boundary of the b-th section, and the upper boundaries of all the sections of water side lines are combined into one water side line H1To obtain S1，S2The upper boundary of the waterside line;
(5) finishing automatic discrimination of the coastline according to the upper boundary of the water sideline obtained in the step (4), and converting H into H1And S3Judging according to the steps (2) to (4) to obtain the upper boundary H of the water sideline2And repeating the above steps to sequentially judge the n water side lines until H is obtainedn-2And SnWater edge upper boundary Hn-1And realizing automatic discrimination of the coastline.
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