CN110728423A - Comprehensive simulation method and device for water system of Yangtze river basin - Google Patents
Comprehensive simulation method and device for water system of Yangtze river basin Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive simulation method for a water system of a Yangtze river basin, which comprises the following steps: acquiring water ecological water environment data through a sensing terminal and transmitting the water ecological water environment data to a cloud server, wherein the water ecological water environment data are stored in different databases according to data types; analyzing and processing water ecological water environment data, and establishing sub-simulation models, including a cascade reservoir group scheduling model, a watershed distributed hydrological model, an urban group water system model, a river channel ecological model and a lake ecological hydrological model; and operating the sub-simulation model and outputting a result to the river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model. The invention also provides a simulation device applying the method. The method is based on a WebGIS technology and a cloud computing technology, ecological environment data of the Yangtze river basin are collected, data fusion processing is carried out, a hydrologic, ecological and humanistic Yangtze river basin water system simulation platform is constructed, future water system changes of the Yangtze river basin can be predicted, and influences of reservoir, urban crowd development and the like on ecological environments of the Yangtze river trunk flow river and the Yangtze river lake are evaluated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a method and a device for comprehensively simulating a water system of a Yangtze river basin.
Background
The Yangtze river economic zone development is of great importance in social and economic development and is an important step for the deep and coordinated development of the economy in China. The population and GDP of Yangtze river basin both account for about 40% of the whole country, and the grain yield and fresh water resources account for about 1/3 of the whole country. The social and economic development level of the Yangtze river basin is consistent with the pressure distribution of the resource environment, lakes of the Yangtze river basin are widely distributed, and the contradiction between the development of the Yangtze river basin at the upstream and the downstream and the protection is prominent. The method takes ecological priority and green development as core concepts, promotes the development of the Yangtze river economic zone, and is an important link of the relation development global situation.
The development of the technologies of the internet of things, mobile communication and the internet provides a large amount of water ecological water environment data of the whole Yangtze river basin, including remote sensing data, meteorological data, rainfall data, water level data, water flow data, water quality data, pollution load data, supervision data and data generated by various camera terminals and mobile terminals. Through a big data technology, the data are effectively fused, classified and analyzed, and a comprehensive regulation and control strategy for realizing the benign water circulation of the Yangtze river basin is provided.
At present, a cause mechanism analysis and system solution scheme for exploring the ecological water environment problem of the Yangtze river from the view angle of the Yangtze river basin is lacked, and a simulation and regulation platform for a full basin water system needs to be developed urgently to solve the 'neck' problem of green development of the Yangtze river economy.
Therefore, technical personnel in the field are dedicated to develop a comprehensive simulation method and device for a water system of a Yangtze river basin, water ecological water environment data of the Yangtze river basin are collected through the Internet of things, mobile communication and the Internet based on the WebGIS technology and the cloud computing technology, intelligent fusion and data sharing are carried out on the data, and scientific support is provided for green development and ecological civilization construction of the Yangtze river economic zone.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to collect data and perform fusion analysis on the data.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a comprehensive simulation method for a water system of a Yangtze river basin, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring water ecological water environment data through a sensing terminal and transmitting the water ecological water environment data to a cloud server, wherein the water ecological water environment data are stored in different databases according to data types;
analyzing and processing the water ecological water environment data, and establishing a sub-simulation model, wherein the sub-simulation model comprises a cascade reservoir group scheduling model, a watershed distributed hydrological model, an urban group water system model, a river channel ecological model and a lake ecological hydrological model;
and operating the sub-simulation model and outputting a result to the main simulation model, wherein the main simulation model comprises a river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model.
Further, the sensing terminal uploads the water ecological water environment data in a remote communication mode.
Further, the remote communication mode comprises any one or more of the internet, the internet of things and a mobile communication network.
Further, the water ecological water environment data comprises: reservoir scheduling data, GIS data, satellite data, rainfall data, water level data of each branch, water quality data of each branch, video data, pollution load distribution data, city management network data, water quality data and lake data.
Furthermore, the river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model simulates the hydrodynamic force of a main flow single-branch river channel by adopting a finite volume method, and simulates the overflowing characteristic of the flood river channel by adopting an approximate area generation and uniform flow velocity method.
Further, the cascade reservoir group dispatching model simulates the joint dispatching of the reservoir in the area above the three gorges dam in the Yangtze river basin; the distributed hydrological model of the drainage basin adopts a distributed time-varying gain hydrological model, sub drainage basins are divided based on a GIS, and flow and pollution load distribution in the sub drainage basins are simulated; the urban water system model adopts an urban pipe network model with a time-varying gain hydrological model as a kernel, and urban water consumption and pollutant discharge are simulated according to urban water consumption, precipitation, industrial and service industry water consumption conditions; the river channel ecological model simulates the habitat suitability of river channel indicator species; the lake ecological hydrological model simulates the pollution distribution of the lake and the linkage relation between the Yangtze river and the lake through the Yangtze river.
Further, the cascade reservoir group dispatching model outputs the water outlet quantity of the three gorges dam; converging and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration are generated in the output interval of the watershed distributed hydrological model; the city group water system model outputs the drainage and discharge of the city group to the Yangtze river main stream; the river channel ecological model outputs the water quantity and water quality conditions suitable for the indicator species; and the lake ecological hydrology model outputs the water volume input of the Yangtze river and the lake.
The invention also provides a comprehensive simulation device for the Yangtze river basin water system, which comprises a communication module, a cascade reservoir group scheduling module, a basin distributed hydrology module, an urban group water system module, a river channel ecological module, a lake ecological hydrology module and a river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic module; the communication module is communicated with the cloud server to acquire water ecological water environment data; the cascade reservoir group dispatching module, the watershed distributed hydrology module, the city group water system module, the river channel ecological module and the lake ecological hydrology module are all coupled with the river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic module; the cascade reservoir group dispatching module simulates the combined dispatching of reservoirs in the area above the three gorges dam of the Yangtze river basin; the distributed hydrological module of the drainage basin adopts a distributed time-varying gain hydrological model, divides sub drainage basins based on a GIS, and simulates the flow and pollution load distribution in the sub drainage basins; the urban water system module adopts an urban pipe network model with a time-varying gain hydrological model as a kernel, and simulates urban group water and pollutant discharge according to urban water taking, precipitation, industrial and service industry water conditions; the river channel ecological module simulates the habitat suitability of river channel indicator species; the lake ecological hydrology module simulates the pollution distribution of the lake and the linkage relation between the Yangtze river and the lake; the river channel one-dimensional water quality-water power module simulates the main flow single-branch river channel water power by adopting a finite volume method, and simulates the overflowing characteristic of a flood beach river channel by adopting an approximate area generation and uniform flow rate method.
The cascade reservoir group dispatching module, the watershed distributed hydrology module, the city group water system module, the river channel ecological module, the lake ecological hydrology module and one or more of output results of the river channel one-dimensional water quality-water power module are displayed by the display device according to user instructions.
And the mobile terminal is communicated with the communication module and acquires data according to a user instruction.
The invention has the following technical effects:
1. based on the Internet of things, the Internet, the mobile communication, the WebGIS and the cloud computing technology, acquiring the ecological environment data of the Yangtze river basin, fusing the data, and constructing a comprehensive simulation method and a comprehensive simulation device for the Yangtze river basin water system coupling hydrological, ecological and humanistic processes;
2. simulating the evolution of the ecology and the water environment of the Yangtze river running water and predicting the change of a water system of the Yangtze river basin in the future based on the measured data, the future climate change, the social and economic structure and the policy adjustment situation;
3. evaluating the influence of reservoirs in Yangtze river basin, urban population development and the like on the ecological environment of Yangtze river main stream riverways and river-opening lakes.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for clarity and understanding of the technical contents thereof. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the comprehensive simulation method for the water system of the Yangtze river basin provided by the invention comprises the following steps
Acquiring water ecological water environment data through a sensing terminal, transmitting the water ecological water environment data to a cloud server, and storing the water ecological water environment data in different databases according to data types;
analyzing and processing the water ecological water environment data, and establishing a sub-simulation model which comprises a cascade reservoir group scheduling model, a watershed distributed hydrological model, an urban group water system model, a river channel ecological model and a lake ecological hydrological model;
and operating the model, and outputting an operation result to the river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model.
The method provided by the invention is based on the development of technologies such as Internet of things, Internet, mobile communication and the like, and an omnibearing intelligent application framework is constructed by utilizing big data and 3S technologies to realize data acquisition, data sharing and data fusion.
The sensing terminal uploads the water ecological water environment data in a remote communication mode, the water ecological water environment data comprise ecological environment data collected by technical equipment, supervision department doors and other related equipment or departments related to the ecological environment, and according to the characteristics of the used terminal, any one or more of the internet, the internet of things and a mobile communication network can be selected, so that the communication with the cloud server is realized, and the data are uploaded. Water ecological water environmental data include, but are not limited to: reservoir scheduling data, GIS data, satellite data, rainfall data, water level data of each branch, water quality data of each branch, video data, pollution load distribution data, city management network data, water quality data and lake data. Available sensing terminals include satellites, aviation devices, ground monitoring equipment such as water level, water flow, water quality and the like, and local storage server supervision data of supervision departments and the like.
The cascade reservoir group dispatching model, the basin distributed hydrological model, the city group water system model, the river channel water ecological model and the lake ecological hydrological model are in coupling connection through a river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model, wherein:
the cascade reservoir group dispatching model is used for simulating the combined dispatching of 40 main reservoirs in the area above the three-gorge dam in the Yangtze river basin, the simulation result is the water yield of the three-gorge dam, and the simulation result is used as one of the boundary conditions of the one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model of the river channel. The cascade reservoir group scheduling model can be written in the fortran language, and is based on a Microsoft Visual Studio2008 platform and uses an intel fortran compiler. The cascade reservoir group dispatching model can be used for researching the influence and the effect of a reservoir group at the upstream of the Yangtze river, can predict the future outlet water and sand process of the three gorges reservoir, can provide inlet water and sand conditions for other related simulations at the middle and the downstream of the Yangtze river, and can be used for building and displaying different dispatching functions, dispatching effects and the like of the three gorges reservoir.
The distributed river basin hydrological model adopts a distributed time-varying gain hydrological model (DTVGM), sub-river basins can be divided by the distributed river basin hydrological model based on a GIS platform according to the terrain of the river basin, the flow and pollution load distribution in the sub-river basins are simulated, the output result is interval production convergence and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, the output result is used as one of boundary conditions of the one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model of the river channel, and water quantity and water quality input is provided for the one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model of the river channel.
The urban water system model adopts an urban pipe network model with a time-varying gain hydrological model as an inner core, the model simulates urban water consumption and pollutant discharge according to urban water consumption, precipitation, industrial and agricultural and service water consumption conditions, the output result is the water discharge and the sewage discharge of urban groups to Yangtze river main flow, the output result is one of boundary conditions of a river one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model, and water quantity and water quality input is provided for the river one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model.
The riverway water ecological model is used for simulating the habitat suitability of riverway indicator species, such as the requirements of four Chinese carps on water quantity and water quality, the output result is the water quantity and water quality condition suitable for the indicator species, the output result is used as one of the boundary conditions of the riverway one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model, and the limitation of the water quantity and the water quality is provided for the riverway one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model.
The lake ecological hydrological model is used for simulating pollution distribution of main lakes and linkage relation between the Yangtze river and the main lakes leading to the river, the output result is water quantity input of the Yangtze river and the main lakes, and the output result is used as one of boundary conditions of the river one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model and provides water quantity and water quality limitation for the river one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model.
The river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model adopts a NewChan model based on a finite volume method model, aiming at the hydrodynamic simulation of a single river channel of main flow of middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river, the conservation of mass and momentum can be ensured based on the finite volume method; the river one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model can better simulate the overflowing characteristics of the flood river by adopting an approximate area method and a uniform flow velocity method, and the roughness is calibrated by adopting a singular matrix decomposition method to improve the simulation precision.
The invention provides a comprehensive simulation device for a water system of a Yangtze river basin, which comprises a communication module, a cascade reservoir group scheduling module, a basin distributed hydrology module, an urban group water system module, a river channel ecological module, a lake ecological hydrology module and a river channel one-dimensional water quality-water power module.
The communication module is communicated with the cloud server to acquire water ecological water environment data, so that the simulation device provided by the invention is not limited by regions.
The cascade reservoir group dispatching module, the watershed distributed hydrology module, the urban group water system module, the river channel ecological module and the lake ecological hydrology module are all coupled with the river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic module, and the outputs of the cascade reservoir group dispatching module, the watershed distributed hydrology module, the urban group water system module, the river channel ecological module and the lake ecological hydrology module are input as boundary conditions of the river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic module.
The cascade reservoir group dispatching module simulates reservoir group combined dispatching of an area above a three gorges dam in a Yangtze river basin; the distributed hydrological module of the drainage basin adopts a distributed time-varying gain hydrological model, divides sub drainage basins based on a GIS, and simulates flow and pollution load distribution in the sub drainage basins; the urban water system module adopts an urban pipe network model taking a time-varying gain hydrological model as a kernel, and simulates urban group water and pollutant discharge according to urban water taking, precipitation, industrial and service water conditions; the river channel ecological module simulates the habitat suitability of river channel indicator species; the lake ecological hydrology module simulates the pollution distribution of the lake and the linkage relation between the Yangtze river and the lake; the river channel one-dimensional water quality-water power module simulates the main flow single-branch river channel water power by adopting a finite volume method, and simulates the overflowing characteristic of a flood river channel by adopting an approximate area generation and uniform flow rate method.
The simulation device provided by the invention also comprises a display device, which can display the output result of each module according to the instruction of a user, can display the output result of one module, and can also display the output results of a plurality of modules simultaneously so as to carry out reference decision.
In order to further expand the application range of the simulation device provided by the invention, a mobile terminal can be arranged to interact with the communication module in a mobile communication network, the internet and other modes, and the data of each module can be acquired according to the user instruction.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive simulation method for a water system of a Yangtze river basin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring water ecological water environment data through a sensing terminal and transmitting the water ecological water environment data to a cloud server, wherein the water ecological water environment data are stored in different databases according to data types;
analyzing and processing the water ecological water environment data, and establishing a sub-simulation model, wherein the sub-simulation model comprises a cascade reservoir group scheduling model, a watershed distributed hydrological model, an urban group water system model, a river channel ecological model and a lake ecological hydrological model;
and operating the sub-simulation model and outputting a result to the main simulation model, wherein the main simulation model comprises a river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model.
2. The comprehensive simulation method of a water system in a Yangtze river basin according to claim 1, wherein the sensing terminal uploads the water ecological water environment data in a remote communication mode.
3. The comprehensive simulation method of a water system in a Yangtze river basin according to claim 2, wherein the remote communication mode comprises any one or more of the Internet, the Internet of things and a mobile communication network.
4. The comprehensive simulation method of a water system in a Yangtze river basin according to claim 1, wherein the water ecological water environment data comprises: reservoir scheduling data, GIS data, satellite data, rainfall data, water level data of each branch, water quality data of each branch, video data, pollution load distribution data, city management network data, water quality data and lake data.
5. The comprehensive simulation method of a water system in a Yangtze river basin of claim 1, wherein the one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic model of the river channel simulates the hydrodynamic force of a main stream single branch river channel by using a finite volume method, and simulates the overflowing characteristics of an overflowing beach river channel by using an approximate area generation and uniform flow velocity method.
6. The comprehensive simulation method of a water system in a Yangtze river basin according to claim 1, wherein the cascade reservoir group dispatching model simulates reservoir group joint dispatching in an area above a three gorges dam in the Yangtze river basin; the distributed hydrological model of the drainage basin adopts a distributed time-varying gain hydrological model, sub drainage basins are divided based on a GIS, and flow and pollution load distribution in the sub drainage basins are simulated; the urban water system model adopts an urban pipe network model with a time-varying gain hydrological model as a kernel, and urban water consumption and pollutant discharge are simulated according to urban water consumption, precipitation, industrial and service industry water consumption conditions; the river channel ecological model simulates the habitat suitability of river channel indicator species; the lake ecological hydrology model simulates the pollution distribution of the lake and the linkage relation between the Yangtze river and the lake.
7. The comprehensive simulation method for a water system in a Yangtze river basin according to claim 1, wherein the cascade reservoir group dispatching model outputs the water yield of the three gorges dam; converging and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration are generated in the output interval of the watershed distributed hydrological model; the city group water system model outputs the drainage and discharge of the city group to the Yangtze river main stream; the river channel ecological model outputs the water quantity and water quality conditions suitable for the indicator species; and the lake ecological hydrology model outputs the water volume input of the Yangtze river and the lake.
8. A Yangtze river basin water system comprehensive simulation device is characterized by comprising a communication module, a cascade reservoir group scheduling module, a basin distributed hydrology module, an urban group water system module, a river channel ecological module, a lake ecological hydrology module and a river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic module; the communication module is communicated with the cloud server to acquire water ecological water environment data; the cascade reservoir group dispatching module, the watershed distributed hydrology module, the city group water system module, the river channel ecological module and the lake ecological hydrology module are all coupled with the river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic module; the cascade reservoir group dispatching module simulates reservoir group combined dispatching of an area above a three gorges dam in a Yangtze river basin; the distributed hydrological module of the drainage basin adopts a distributed time-varying gain hydrological model, divides sub drainage basins based on a GIS, and simulates the flow and pollution load distribution in the sub drainage basins; the urban water system module adopts an urban pipe network model with a time-varying gain hydrological model as a kernel, and simulates urban group water and pollutant discharge according to urban water taking, precipitation, industrial and service industry water conditions; the river channel ecological module simulates the habitat suitability of river channel indicator species; the lake ecological hydrology module simulates the pollution distribution of the lake and the linkage relation between the Yangtze river and the lake through the Yangtze river; the river channel one-dimensional water quality-water power module simulates the main flow single-branch river channel water power by adopting a finite volume method, and simulates the overflowing characteristics of the flood beach river channel by adopting an approximate area method and a uniform flow velocity method.
9. The integrated Yangtze river basin water system simulation device according to claim 8, further comprising a display device for displaying one or more output results of the cascade reservoir group scheduling module, the basin distributed hydrology module, the city group water system module, the river channel ecology module, the lake ecology hydrology module and the river channel one-dimensional water quality-hydrodynamic module according to a user instruction.
10. The integrated simulation device of a water system in a Yangtze river basin of claim 8, further comprising a mobile terminal, wherein the mobile terminal is in communication with the communication module and acquires data according to a user instruction.
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