CN110727826B

CN110727826B - Visual analysis method for tactical excavation of table tennis

Info

Publication number: CN110727826B
Application number: CN201910940224.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 巫英才; 吴江
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date: 2019-09-30
Filing date: 2019-09-30
Publication date: 2022-03-25
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-30
Also published as: CN110727826A

Abstract

The invention discloses a visual analysis method for tactical excavation of table tennis, which comprises the following steps: (1) importing table tennis game information; (2) carrying out statistical analysis on the table tennis match information, screening to obtain tactical sequences, and clustering the tactical sequences according to certain screening conditions to obtain tactical classes; (3) visualizing tactical information in a list form by adopting an overview view; (4) visualizing the selected turn information in the tactical class by adopting a detailed view; (5) the video is played continuously based on the race turn selected by the analyst. The visual analysis method for the table tennis tactical excavation is convenient for an analyst to quickly find out a winning strategy and effective tactics.

Description

Visual analysis method for tactical excavation of table tennis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of data mining and data visualization analysis, in particular to a visual analysis method for table tennis tactical mining.

Background

The table tennis ball is one of the most popular sports in the world, and is popular among people of all ages in daily life because of low entrance threshold and strong competitive interest. In a professional table tennis match, the participating players take sensitive response, quick attack, accurate control and firm defense to bring a countercheck of the intense stimulation which is observed as the witness for the audience. Although seemingly, table tennis and other sports are similar, physical qualities of athletes are mainly tested, such as eye-brain-hand synchronization, stability and flexibility of lower disc, strength burst of wrist and the like. However, unlike other sports, the table tennis sport is more challenging to the use of the skills and tactics of the players, i.e., under different conditions, what kind of technique is used to return the ball to what position, and the advantages are more easily obtained.

Previously, many ping-pong teams have analyzed the use of repeated video viewing to investigate what tactics should be used in each case with respect to the ball. However, this method has two major drawbacks: first, it is time and labor consuming, and if a game takes 90 minutes, the analysis after the game may take several hours, even a day; the second is the lack of universality, and their tactics discussed with respect to ball-theoretic balls tend to be applicable only to a small number of similar situations, but are not associated with more ubiquitous situations, and finding similar tactical videos can take multiple times.

Therefore, in recent years, more and more specialized table tennis teams begin to introduce a method for analyzing data by a computer to assist in the research of tactics. Common methods include statistical analysis, mathematical modeling, and the like. However, the common tool is Excel table, and some functions existing in Excel table software are used for analysis. However, there are three major disadvantages to doing so: firstly, when an analyst wants to obtain certain data, the analyst may need to go through complex operations for many times, and after a match is changed, the analyst needs to repeat the operation again, so that the process is troublesome; secondly, only some existing and meeting functions can be used, but some functions cannot be customized according to the needs of the users, so that data can be obtained; thirdly, the Excel table has no abundant images, and the characters and numbers in the list form can make it difficult for people to find the key points of the data and understand the characteristics of the data. Thus, there are many detents using Excel tables, although the efficiency of the analysis can be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a visual analysis method for table tennis tactical excavation, which finds out a tactical sequence of continuous three beats by using a data excavation technology, counts the utilization rate and the victory rate of the tactical sequence, provides an overview view and a detail view at the same time, and is convenient for analysts to quickly find out a dominant strategy and effective tactics.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a visual analysis method for table tennis tactical excavation comprises the following steps:

(1) importing table tennis game information;

(2) carrying out statistical analysis on the table tennis match information, screening to obtain tactical sequences, and clustering the tactical sequences according to certain screening conditions to obtain tactical classes;

(3) visualizing tactical information in a list form by adopting an overview view;

(4) visualizing the selected turn information in the tactical class by adopting a detailed view;

(5) the video is played continuously based on the race turn selected by the analyst.

And (1) leading-in game information which can be video and game data of a single table tennis game or video and game data of a plurality of table tennis games. Wherein the game video needs to contain the complete game process and have sufficient intelligibility. The match data is a data file of a specific format, needs to contain the starting and ending time points of each round in a match and match with the match video, and also needs to contain six hitting indexes for each shot.

Preferably, the step (2) comprises the steps of:

(2-1) constructing a tactical sequence by each continuous triple beat according to the table tennis match data to form an alternative tactical sequence set;

(2-2) screening the alternative tactical sequence set according to the tactical sequence screening condition to obtain a tactical sequence which accords with the tactical sequence screening condition, and forming a tactical sequence set;

(2-3) clustering tactical sequences in the tactical sequence set into different tactical classes according to the batting index items to form an alternative tactical class set;

(2-4) screening the alternative tactical class set according to the tactical class screening condition to obtain the tactical class meeting the tactical class screening condition to form a tactical class set;

and (2-5) ordering the tactical classes in the tactical class set according to an ordering condition.

In the invention, the tactical sequence screening conditions can comprise the position of the tactical sequence in the round, whether a party using the tactical sequence wins or not, the match, the game, the round and the like of the tactical sequence; the tactical screening conditions can comprise index items which need to be consistent for tactical categories, values of specific index items of special beats in the tactical categories, utilization rate and winning rate of the tactical categories and the like; the ranking condition may include ranking by usage rate and ranking by win rate. In practical applications, tactical sequence screening conditions, tactical class screening conditions, and ranking conditions are manually selected by an analyst at the time of actual analysis.

The total number of the hitting index items is six, namely hitting drop point, hitting position, hitting technology, hitting posture, hitting effect and hitting rotation. The index value corresponding to each hitting index item is as follows:

hitting and dropping point: the number of the counter-hand serving, the positive-hand serving, the counter-hand long ball, the counter-hand half long ball, the counter-hand short ball, the middle-way long ball, the middle-way half long ball, the middle-way short ball, the positive-hand long ball, the positive-hand half long ball, the positive-hand short ball and the special ball (wiping the net and wiping the edge) is 12.

Hitting the ball body: the number of the kicking areas is 6, namely the kicking areas, the side positions and the kicking areas.

The hitting technology comprises the following steps: the service techniques (pendulum service, hack service, reverse spin forward), the offensive techniques (arc ball, fast attack, kill, pick, twist), the defensive techniques (ball blocking, high ball, cut), the controlling techniques (ball rubbing, pendulum shortening, skimming), and other techniques (particle glue technique, other techniques) are 16.

The hitting posture: the total of 6 types of the traditional Chinese medicine are serve, reception, hold, attack, defense and control.

The hitting effect is as follows: the number of the first-level effect (direct scoring), the second-level effect (enabling the user to obtain a better attack opportunity), the third-level effect (enabling both parties to be in equilibrium), the fourth-level effect (enabling the other party to obtain a better attack opportunity) and the fifth-level effect (direct scoring) are 5.

And (3) hitting and rotating: strong upward rotation, middle upward rotation, non-rotation, middle downward rotation, strong downward rotation, sinking and no ball contact are 7 types.

For each bat, six batting index items exist, for a tactical sequence formed by three continuous beats, the tactical sequence can be divided according to one batting index item or the combination of a plurality of batting index items to form a plurality of tactical classes, namely, each tactical class is described by using the batting index item, and the tactical sequence is divided into the tactical classes according to the batting index items, so that each tactical class comprises at least one tactical sequence, and each tactical sequence comprises three continuous beats.

The invention is visualized in the form of a list through an overview view for tactical information. Preferably, each tactical class information comprises the usage rate of the tactical class, the winning rate after the usage, the same index value of the tactical class and the tactical sequence contained in the tactical class, and forms a tactical class list for visualization.

The usage rate of the tactical class, the post-use win rate are a percentage type of information, and preferably, the usage rate of the tactical class, the post-use win rate are visualized through a usage rate pie chart and a win rate pie chart in a tactical class list.

Specifically, the utilization rate pie chart is a circular ring, the center of the circular ring contains the number of tactical sequences contained in the tactical class and the utilization rate of the tactical class, and the circular ring presents a corresponding radian according to the utilization rate of the tactical class. Because the tactical utilization rate is generally low, the average value is about 5%, the upper limit of the utilization rate pie chart is adjusted to 10%, the pie chart is displayed as a full ring when the utilization rate is over 10%, and if the utilization rate is lower than 10%, the radian of the ring is linearly determined according to the standard of 10% of the full ring.

The winning rate pie chart is a pie chart comprising winning rate and failing rate displayed by color difference, and frequency of winning and failing are displayed on each color area.

In the tactical category list, the same index values of the tactical categories are displayed through characters, one index item is used in each action, the head of the action is a batting index item, and the back of the head of the action is an index value corresponding to three beats.

In the tactical series list, the tactical series contained in the tactical series are displayed through a tactical series table, each line in the tactical series table is a tactical series, each column is item information in the tactical series, and the item information comprises a match, a game and a round to which the tactical series belongs, three beats contained in the tactical series and players using the tactical series.

In order to better observe the use situation and the effect of the tactical sequences, the method preferably allows an analyst to select a plurality of tactical sequences in the overview view and observe the tactical sequences and the turn information of the turns of the tactical sequences through the detail view. The round information comprises a game name, a game sequence number, a round sequence number, a match player name and a game score of the tactical sequence, a round score, a winning player, a position of the tactical sequence in the round and each batting index value of each beat in the round.

Specifically, in the detail view, the tactical sequences and the turn information of the turns of the tactical sequences are visually presented in a list mode. Each tactical sequence is a row and comprises turn basic information, a batting drop point visual table diagram, a batting index diagram and a batting attribute information sequence diagram.

The turn basic information comprises a game name, a game sequence number, a turn sequence number, names of players in the game, a game score, a turn score and winning players of the tactical sequence.

The drop point visual table diagram is a simulated diagram for each drop point on the simulated table and is presented by the overlooking visual angle of the table tennis table, each hitting drop point is represented as a round point on the table tennis table, and the round points corresponding to the hitting drop points of two adjacent hitting are connected by a straight line. Further preferably, if a hitting drop point appears multiple times in a round, the color of the dot corresponding to the hitting drop point is gradually deepened according to the appearance times.

The batting index map is a chart showing batting positions, batting technologies, batting trends, batting effects and batting rotations in a list.

The batting attribute information sequence diagram is a sequence formed by the attribute information diagrams of all the batting in the turn, and the positions of the tactical sequences in the turn are represented in highlight colors in the batting attribute information sequence diagram, namely the attribute information diagrams corresponding to the batting included in the tactical sequences are represented in highlight colors in a highlighted mode so as to display the positions of the tactical sequences in the turn.

The attribute information graph corresponding to the bat is a large square grid, the serial number of the bat and the name of a batting player are recorded in the large square grid, other batting index items are presented in the form of small square grid sequences along the diagonal line of the square grid in the large square grid, each small square grid represents one batting index item, in order to simplify an interface and reduce redundant visual interference, and the small square grids contain digital codes for representing different batting index values.

Besides, the table tennis tactical excavation visualization analysis method further comprises the step of carrying out visualization interaction on the visualization graph. When an analyst hovers a mouse to a certain large square grid, the number of falling points on the table is reduced, only the shots represented by the large square grid and the hitting and falling points adjacent to the shots are displayed, and shot serial numbers are marked in a circle of the hitting and falling points. When the analyst hovers the mouse over the small square, the index item is displayed as the original index value in the whole detail view, and no digital code is used. Highlighting with highlighting in order to provide intra-round consistency and inter-round contrast.

In order to look like the analysis result, going back to the actual game situation from the abstract index, the method preferably also provides the function of continuously playing all tactical sequence videos in the detail view. The analyst may view the game video via a play button in the detail view. The method can finish jumping clips among videos according to the starting/ending time points of each turn in the data, and continuously play the videos of all turns in the detail view.

In the invention, an analyst refers to a person who has a certain professional knowledge in the field of table tennis and a certain data analysis capability.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the table tennis match information is subjected to statistical analysis by combining data mining and data visualization means to obtain tactics and tactical sequences, and the tactics information and the tactical sequences are visualized through an overview view which is convenient for understanding the overall data characteristics and a detail view which is convenient for viewing the local detail characteristics, so that analysts can quickly find out the winning strategy and the effective tactics.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a table tennis tactical mining visual analysis method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an overview view of the table tennis tactical mining visualization analysis method of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a left screening panel in an overview view;

fig. 4 is a diagram of a right tactical class list in an overview view;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tactical sequence table;

FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the table tennis tactical excavation visualization analysis method of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a detailed view after a single item property is selected.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the visual analysis method for table tennis tactical excavation provided by this embodiment includes the following steps:

s101, importing table tennis match information;

s102, carrying out statistical analysis on the table tennis match information, screening to obtain a tactical sequence, and clustering the tactical sequence according to a certain screening condition to obtain a tactical class. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1021, aiming at table tennis match data, constructing a tactical sequence by each continuous triple beat to form an alternative tactical sequence set;

s1022, screening the alternative tactical sequence set according to the tactical sequence screening condition to obtain a tactical sequence which accords with the tactical sequence screening condition, and forming a tactical sequence set; for example, the score status and the office sequence number are used as tactical sequence screening conditions, and the tactical sequences are screened to form a tactical sequence set.

S1023, clustering tactical sequences in the tactical sequence set into different tactical classes according to the batting index items to form an alternative tactical class set; for example, if the three shots of the two tactical sequences are the same in the shot index specified by the analyst and the players corresponding to each shot are the same, the two tactical sequences are considered to belong to the same tactical class;

s1024, screening the alternative tactical class set according to the tactical class screening condition to obtain the tactical class meeting the tactical class screening condition, and forming a tactical class set; for example, using the usage rate, the victory rate and the like of the tactical categories as tactical category screening conditions, screening and obtaining the tactical categories meeting the tactical category screening conditions from the candidate tactical category set to form a tactical category set;

s1025, ordering the tactical classes in the tactical class set according to ordering conditions; for example, a usage-first ordering, or a win-first ordering, respectively, may be used;

s103, visualizing the tactical information in a list form by adopting an overview view;

s104, visualizing the selected turn information in the tactical class by adopting a detailed view;

and S105, continuously playing the video based on the competition rounds selected by the analysts.

In the table tennis tactical excavation visual analysis method of the embodiment, a software tool manufactured based on the method is provided, as shown in fig. 2. And a function module dividing and switching function bar is arranged above the software tool, and the switching of the overview attempt and the detail view is provided. The left side is the screening panel, provides the interface of screening for the analyst, can screen out some not interesting data. The middle is a visual listing of tactics. After switching to the detail view, as shown in fig. 6, turn specific information for each tactical occurrence is shown.

Assuming the analyst, importing data for several games, the method will first complete the tactical mining work. The tool analyzes the match data, extracts the information of each beat, combines the information according to the hierarchical structure of the match, the game, the turn and the beat, and finally forms a tactical sequence by each three beats.

Next, the analyst needs to set the conditions for tactical sequence screening using the screening panel, as shown in fig. 3. The method performs the operation of S1022 to select a tactical sequence that meets the tactical sequence screening criteria.

The analyst then needs to check the indicators of interest through the screening panel, as shown in fig. 4. The method performs S1023 to classify and merge the tactical sequences to form a tactical class. As shown in fig. 4, after the analyst simultaneously picks the hitting point and the hitting position, the condition that the two tactical sequences fall into one category becomes that the three beats of the two tactical sequences have the same hitting point, hitting position and hitter.

The analyst may then use the screening function for tactical classes through a screening panel, as shown in fig. 3. The method executes the operation of S1024 to select a tactical class that meets the tactical class screening condition.

Finally, the analyst may set the sorting mode through the screening panel, as shown in fig. 3, and the method performs S105.

For the convenience of interaction, the analysts set the screening conditions without such distinct boundaries, but rather synchronously. After each time the analyst adds a screening condition for a step, the method will be executed again from the affected step until the last step to complete the tactical excavation.

After the tactical mining work is finished, the method displays the tactical class by using a data visualization technology. As shown in fig. 4, each tactical class would appear as a row. The head of each row is two pie charts. The open pie chart on the left shows the usage rate of the tactical class, i.e., the percentage of the number of tactical sequences to the total number of tactical sequences. In the center of the pie chart, the numbers above are the number of tactical sequences and the percentages below are the usage. If the utilization rate of the outer-layer circular rings reaches more than 10%, the outer-layer circular rings are full rings; if the usage rate is less than 10%, the radian of the circular ring is linearly determined according to the standard of 10% of the full ring. The reason for this is that in a game, one tactic with a high analysis value has a usage rate of about 5%. The right pie chart shows the success rate of the tactical application. The red portion is wined, the green portion is failed, and the numbers shown on the respective portions are the frequency and frequency of wins/failures, respectively. The right of the two pie charts shows the basis of the tactical classification, i.e., what three-beat index is satisfied in the tactical classification.

Each tactical class may be clicked open to display specific turn information, as shown in fig. 5. And expanding the displayed tactical sequence table, wherein each behavior is the information of one tactical sequence in the tactical class. Each column is a piece of information for a tactical sequence. Such as where the tactical order is presented, which round, which turn, what beat is the first, who the winner is after use, what beat is after use, and so on. And a checkbox is arranged at the rightmost side of each row, and after selection, the detail information of the turn can be seen in the detail view, so that a more detailed visual view is given, and a more detailed analysis result can be conveniently obtained.

When the analyst colludes on the rounds of the tactical sequences, the analyst may switch to the detail view, as shown in fig. 6, with one selected tactical sequence for each action. From left to right, each row sequentially comprises turn basic information, a drop point visual table diagram, other index sequence diagrams and a deletion/playing video button area.

The round basic information displays the name of the game in which the round is located, the current game score, the round score and the names of the two parties of the battle. Where the winner is marked with red. Provides a channel for analysts to know the background information of the turns.

The table diagram and other index sequence diagrams with visualized drop points mainly show the indexes of each beat in the current round, as shown in fig. 7. On the table on the left side, each falling point is represented by a circle, and the circles of two adjacent beats are connected by a line. The right side is a sequence diagram of other indexes, the other indexes of each bat are drawn into a large square lattice exclusive in a column, the upper left corner is marked with a bat serial number, the lower right corner is the name of a batting person, a column of small squares is arranged from the bottom left to the upper right, each small square represents an index, the numbers represent different index contents, and the index items correspond to the list of the left side one by one. The dark color of the large square marks the beats within the turn at which the tactical sequence is located.

In addition, when an analyst hovers a mouse over a small square, all corresponding indexes of the detail page display concrete index contents in different colors without abstract numbers. When an analyst hovers a mouse on a certain large square grid, the display range of the falling points is narrowed on the ball table on the left side, the falling points of one adjacent beat which is hovered are only displayed, and the serial numbers of the beats are marked in the circle.

In addition, the detail view also has its own adjustment panel. The analyst can adjust the small squares to show which indices. After three indexes of the hitting technology, the hitting position and the hitting rotation are selected, in other index sequence charts, only three corresponding small squares are arranged in each large square, and an analyst can conveniently focus on key indexes.

If the analyst needs to observe the videos of all the tactical sequences and clicks the video playing button on the right side of the tactical sequence, the system automatically plays the corresponding video and completes seamless jumping between the two sections of videos according to the turn starting/ending time points recorded in the data.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions, equivalents, etc. made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual analysis method for table tennis tactical excavation comprises the following steps:

(1) importing table tennis game information;

(5) continuously playing the video based on the competition rounds selected by the analysts;

the step (2) comprises the following steps:

2. The visual analysis method for the tactical mining of table tennis as described in claim 1, wherein each tactical information includes the usage rate of tactical, the winning rate after usage, the same index value of tactical and the tactical sequence included in tactical, and forms a tactical list for visualization.

3. The visual analysis method for table tennis tactical mining of claim 1, wherein in the tactical class list, the usage rate of the tactical class, the win rate after use are visualized by a usage rate pie chart and a win rate pie chart, wherein,

the utilization rate pie chart is a circular ring, the center of the circular ring contains the number of tactical sequences contained in tactical classes and the utilization rate of the tactical classes, and the circular ring presents a corresponding radian according to the utilization rate of the tactical classes;

4. The visual analysis method for the tactical excavation of the table tennis as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the tactical list, the same index values of the tactical are displayed by characters, one index item is used for each action, the head of the action is a batting index item, and the back of the head of the action is an index value corresponding to three beats.

5. The visual analysis method for the tactical mining of table tennis as described in claim 2, wherein in the tactical category list, the tactical sequences contained in said tactical category are shown by a tactical sequences table, each tactical sequence table has one tactical sequence for each action, each column is the item information in the tactical sequence, said item information includes the match, the bureau, the round to which the tactical sequence belongs, the triple beat contained in the tactical sequence, and the player using the tactical sequence.

6. The visual analysis method for table tennis tactical mining of claim 1, wherein in the detail view, tactical sequences and turn information of turns in which the tactical sequences are located are visually presented in a list manner; each tactical sequence is a row and comprises turn basic information, a batting drop point visual table diagram, a batting index diagram and a batting attribute information sequence diagram;

7. The visual analysis method for the tactical excavation of table tennis as claimed in claim 6, wherein said drop point visual table diagram is a simulated diagram simulating each drop point on the table tennis table, which is presented from the top view of the table tennis table, each drop point is represented as a dot on the table tennis table, the dots corresponding to the drop points of two adjacent shots are connected by straight lines, and if a drop point occurs in a round for a plurality of times, the color of the dot corresponding to the drop point of the shot will be gradually deepened according to the occurrence number.

8. The visual analysis method for the tactical mining of table tennis as claimed in claim 6, wherein said batting attribute information sequence chart is a sequence formed by the attribute information charts of all the bat in the round, and the position of the tactical sequence in the round is represented in highlight color in said batting attribute information sequence chart, that is, the attribute information chart corresponding to the bat included in the tactical sequence is represented in highlight color, so as to display the position of the tactical sequence in the round;

9. The visual analysis method for table tennis tactical mining of claim 1, wherein said visual analysis method for table tennis tactical mining further comprises visually interacting with a visualization graph.