CN109165253A - A kind of method and apparatus of Basketball Tactical auxiliary - Google Patents

A kind of method and apparatus of Basketball Tactical auxiliary Download PDF

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CN109165253A
CN109165253A CN201810931480.1A CN201810931480A CN109165253A CN 109165253 A CN109165253 A CN 109165253A CN 201810931480 A CN201810931480 A CN 201810931480A CN 109165253 A CN109165253 A CN 109165253A
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team
sportsman
data
auxiliary
analysis
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张鹏
王钧
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Ningxia University
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Ningxia University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to sports tournament data mining technology fields, specifically include machine learning field, computer vision field and data visualization field, more particularly to a kind of method and apparatus of Basketball Tactical auxiliary, it can compete according to sportsman and practice process and assess and judge, it is convenient that pre-games planning and prediction are carried out to team, or the deployment of battle array and crucial moment is arranged in play, coach is facilitated to be managed, analyze and assess sportsman and team, and targetedly drill program is formulated, promote the success rate of match;The following steps are included: carrying out data mining to sportsman's information for the game, and carry out annual data analysis;It is analyzed and predicted according to team's competition data over the years and video;Maintenance data visualization technique indicates sportsman and team over the years and recent racing season data;The training program of sportsman and team's each period are counted and arranged.

Description

A kind of method and apparatus of Basketball Tactical auxiliary
Technical field
The present invention relates to sports tournament data mining technology fields, specifically include machine learning field, computer vision neck Domain and data visualization field, more particularly to a kind of method and apparatus of Basketball Tactical auxiliary.
Background technique
It is well known that stepping up with the athletics sports level of IT application, a large amount of event has accumulated magnanimity Data and video need to watch a large amount of data and video, and a large amount of during training and tactics arrangement on the basketabll team Screening meets the content of team's training in data and video, data content is converted to the actual combat content of team's training, therefore such as Where team's analysis decision ability is improved on the basis of a large amount of data and video, improve the fast-changing decision reaction speed of team Degree, magnanimity and video be converted to knowledge abundant, to assist coach and team to make reasonably decision, this problem at For now by extensive concern the problem of.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of Basketball Tactical auxiliary.It can be according to ball Member's match and practice process are assessed and are judged, convenient to carry out pre-games planning and prediction to team, or arrange in play The deployment of battle array and crucial moment facilitates coach to be managed, analyze and assess sportsman and team, and formulates and targetedly instruct Practice plan, promotes the success rate of match.
A kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Data mining is carried out to sportsman's information for the game, and carries out annual data analysis;
It is analyzed and predicted according to team's competition data over the years and video;
Maintenance data visualization technique indicates sportsman and team over the years and recent racing season data, and is tied according to schedules Fruit prediction;
And arrangement for statistical analysis to the training program of sportsman and team's each period.
A kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, it is described that data mining is carried out to sportsman's information for the game, and carry out Annual data analysis, comprising the following steps:
It is caught every time according to sportsman data, battle array data, team's emolument and court location information, utilizes machine learning side Method establishes analysis model, carries out project ranking assessment to sportsman's technology, and carry out visual analyzing to sportsman's motion profile.
A kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, it is described to be analyzed according to team's competition data over the years and video And prediction, include the following steps;
Maintenance data excavates and machine learning method is analyzed and predicted, for the project sum number of reflection team's ability According to, in conjunction with the information for the game at team scene, machine learning model is established, is analyzed and predicted to obtain score team hot-zone figure, And the technical characterstic of the various formations of team, and battle array is predicted before can playing, and for life match information in match, is done Decision out.
A kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, it is described to indicate sportsman and team over the years and recent racing season number According to including the following steps;
For single sportsman or the game status and technical level of team, by its competition data with scatter plot, histogram, heat Try hard to or rectilinear indicates, when carrying out ability comparison for multiple sportsmen or team, table is carried out with histogram, pie chart or radar map Show.
A kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, the training program to sportsman and team's each period carry out Statistics and arrangement, comprising the following steps:
Using machine learning model, in conjunction with such as attack state of sportsman's competitive state at this stage, defence state and physical fitness To its association analysis, obtain influencing the related training program of sportsman's competitive state based on the analysis results.
A kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, described device include:
Sportsman's module for carrying out data mining to sportsman's information for the game, and carries out annual data analysis;
Team's module, for being analyzed and predicted according to team's competition data over the years and video;
Schedules module, the racing season data over the years and recent for maintenance data visualization technique expression sportsman and team, and It is predicted according to schedules proceeding results;
Drill program module, for the training program to sportsman and team's each period it is for statistical analysis and arrange.
A kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, sportsman's module for data of being caught every time according to sportsman, Battle array data, team's emolument and court location information, establish analysis model using machine learning method, carry out to sportsman's technology Project ranking assessment, and visual analyzing is carried out to sportsman's motion profile.
A kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, team's module is excavated for maintenance data and machine learning Method is analyzed and predicted, and establishes machine in conjunction with the information for the game at team scene for the project and data of reflection team's ability Device learning model, is analyzed and predicted to obtain the technical characterstic of the various formations of score team hot-zone figure and team, and can be with Battle array is predicted before playing, and for life match information in match, is made a policy.
A kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, the schedules module are used for the ratio for single sportsman or team Match state and technical level are indicated its competition data with scatter plot, histogram, thermodynamic chart or rectilinear, for multiple sportsmen Or it when team's progress ability comparison, is indicated with histogram, pie chart or radar map.
A kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, the drill program module are used to utilize machine learning model, In conjunction with such as attack state of sportsman's competitive state at this stage, defence state and physical fitness to its association analysis, based on the analysis results It obtains influencing the related training program of sportsman's competitive state.
Compared with prior art the invention has the benefit that using a kind of Basketball Tactical householder method provided by the invention And device, it has the advantage that
1, scientific technical data can be obtained, is split according to information for the game, effective, accurate analysis knot is obtained Fruit;
2, according to competition data and video data, sportsman's technical characterstic is analyzed, carries out sportsman's judge, supplemental training;
3, it according to team's schedules, is arranged forces in certain formation for different battle arrays, team assessment,
4, it is trained with the various combinations of team, auxiliary in Basketball Match progress crucial moment ball power point according to the characteristics of sportsman Match, battle array arrangement, realize optimal effectiveness, improves team's entirety attack efficiency and winning probability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Frame of Decision Support System structure chart;
Fig. 2 is analysis predicted portions frame diagram;
Fig. 3 is assisting workflows figure;
Fig. 4 is neural network prediction functional diagram;
Fig. 5 is clustering functional diagram;
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.Implement below Example is not intended to limit the scope of the invention for illustrating the present invention.
The device of a kind of Basketball Tactical auxiliary of the invention, mainly by sportsman's module, team's module, schedules module, training Four part of schedule module composition, wherein sportsman and team's module divide it using data mining technology and machine learning method Analysis and prediction, are analyzed result and are presented with visualization technique.Schedules and drill program module are directed to games played over the years According to sportsman's competitive state, carry out data comparison, prediction of result, auxiliary coach formulate special training.
Score that sportsman's module essential record is competed over the years such as backboard, grabs, defends at the basic datas, according to basis over the years Data establish a kind of evaluation index of science, such as true hit rate, efficiency value, triumph contribution margin, utilize data mining and machine Learning method analyzes sportsman's motion profile, hot-zone;Team's module carries out various changes using basic data in further detail Team's high level data is got in return, as attack efficiency, defence efficiency, ball weigh utilization rate, efficiency value, effective field goalds, and benefit With machine learning and data digging method, assessment and visual analyzing are carried out to team's technology, battle array feature, auxiliary coach carries out Crucial moment carries out decision-making treatment;The recent schedules of schedules module real-time update and alliance's schedules, carry out more sportsmen, team's ability and Battle array comparative analysis, and prediction of result analysis is carried out to corresponding schedules, auxiliary coach formulates strategy of game in advance;Drill program mould Block includes attack training program and training program is defended to utilize machine learning according to the recent competition data of team and competitive state Method, association analysis influence the training program of sportsman's competitive state, and optimal training program and frequency are formulated in auxiliary coach's analysis, And its training program intensity is assessed.
In sportsman's module, by the technical data of sportsman, if score, backboard, rebound chance, speed and distance, receiving It throws, the touching master datas such as ball and holding, pass, nut cap store to database, and are subject to area to these data with totality and field Point.It clicks corresponding sportsman and carries out data call, and carry out statistics calculating using master data, such as sportsman score, the equal basket in field The data such as plate, field are assisted, field is grabbed, field covers.And by items such as every game data such as score, backboard, fault, secondary attack Purpose variation tendency is analyzed with Visual Chart and is shown.
In sportsman's module, according to sportsman's master data, such as shoots, assists, grabbing, backboard, penalty shot, receiving and pass several According to establishing a kind of polytechnic evaluation index of reaction sportsman using mathematical analysis method, for example imitate at present using more attack Rate, defence efficiency, ball power utilization rate, true hit rate, sportsman's contribution margin etc., click corresponding sportsman, respective formula are called to carry out Calculation Estimation index value namely sportsman's high level data.And alliance's technical ability ranking, racing season are carried out to the high level data of corresponding sportsman Ranking.High level data is such as indicated using pie chart in the form of data list, cake chart, sector diagram etc. visual analyzing is carried out Every game sportsman's attack efficiency and defence efficiency shared by percentage.
In sportsman's module, using sportsman master data (shooting, backboard, penalty shot etc.) and high level data (defence efficiency, into Attack efficiency etc.) data mining is carried out, with the Clustering Model in machine learning method, by screening different sportsmen and data items As the input of the model, the technical characterstic of analysis output sportsman, auxiliary coach or general manager are to the evaluation of sportsman's wages, energy Force estimation.
Machine learning clustering method in sportsman's module, selects several sportsmen to compare and analyze as needed, will be to be evaluated The sportsman's data for estimating analysis are divided into the matrix of n*m, and n is the number for selecting sportsman, and m is the feature vector for representing sportsman, such as ball The master data (score, backboard, penalty shot etc.) of member, the high-level data (attack efficiency, defence efficiency etc.) of sportsman, sportsman's emolument etc. Data.Sample data is randomly divided into k cluster centre, Euclidean distance of the distance d between sample between any two sample, according to Sample data is divided to each cluster centre by nearby principle, belongs to matrix w=n*k using a class, is somebody's turn to do when cluster centre meets When class belongs to matrix error sum of squares minimum standard, do not continuing to classify.If not being inconsistent standardization reclassifies cluster centre k, Until reaching the condition of satisfaction.The classification of each sportsman is exported using scatter plot, coach can check tool according to Clustering Effect The technology strengths and weaknesses of body sportsman, suitable wages range etc..
In sportsman's module, using match video and sportsman's data, with neural network model.The neural network model is by ball Field is divided into zone of dispersion, can identify the object of all movements in match video, distinguishes two teams' ball according to the color of football shirt The basketball of member, court-referee and movement are divided the trace information for moving sportsman by identifying the uniform number of each sportsman Layer establishes motion model by the tagged sportsman's number of input tape and sportsman's essential information, as data on the level Collect recognition training, exports between the thermal map of sportsman and motion profile feature.
In team's module, according to first formation over the years of team and substitute battle array distinguish, by indicate team score, The basic datas such as backboard, secondary attack, penalty shot, touching ball, pass, fault are stored to database, are clicked corresponding team, are called respective counts According to.Calculating analysis in detail is carried out using data mining knowledge and to its master data simultaneously, such as the equal speed in field, field distance, field Touch ball and field break through, three-point shot rate, free throw percentage etc..Can by screen different data project, as attack, defence, Backboard etc. distinguishes the master data and detailed data of output team according to the equal form of totality and field, and by it according to from high to low Sequence successively ranking.
In team's module, different teams are clicked, corresponding data is called, generates the master data list of corresponding team members, Such as field goalds, three-point shot rate, free throw percentage, racing season ranking data, integrally carry out for sportsman's individual and team Ranking indicates.When clicking corresponding sportsman's individual simultaneously, corresponding sportsman profile is called to analyze list, such as personal height, technology The information such as feature, team position.Corresponding team is clicked, to data such as team's entirety hit rate, fault rate, backboard, attack efficiency Data visualization analysis is carried out, such as attack efficiency of the team within certain a period of time is shown using line drawing analysis, uses column Figure indicates difference of team's difference sportsman between a certain technological project.
In team's module, when different battle arrays or assessment sportsman will be selected to be suitble to those positions, using in machine learning Each sportsman is carried out more classification by random forest tree method, including (offensive rebounds defend backboard, is total for the equal score in field, backboard Backboard), secondary attack, nut cap, fault, the data such as triumph contribution (defence contribution, attack contribution).In random forest method training process In, the determination decision tree number to be integrated is T, is followed successively by every one tree and randomly selects a sample set, generally complete or collected works 2/3.According to m feature is randomly selected on each node of tree as character subset, one is finally selected on each node Optimal feature carries out best features branch.By selecting m feature of each node, calculates and export what the sportsman may be suitble to Position, such as power forward, small forward, shooting guard, point guard and centre forward position, auxiliary coach carry out that sportsman is arranged to carry out one The attack and defense in a little regions.
In team's module, for team's battle array, battle array prediction is carried out with neural network model, which divides court At multiple zone of dispersion, and court different zones are assigned with certain position coordinates.Because the position of basketball determines the battle array of team Type position, so one group of neural network of building, by the position of basketball under the match mode of court different zones and history other side's ball The position of member carries out model training, the battle array position that output team is likely to occur as data set.According to selection input team at Member, prediction export the battle array that these sportsmen are likely to occur, i.e., the battle array position in team facilitates coach to make corresponding tactics tune It is whole.
Processing in team's module, when match, which falls into the deadlocked or time, to remain little, for some key balls It is machine key of winning the game.By the battle array information of live team and player information as input, with neural network model, Prediction output crucial moment passing position and ball power distribution Dynamic Graph, auxiliary coach's Analysis of Policy Making.
The neural network model used in team's module is classified first first with the master data of quarters player Training, analysis obtain the fundamental type of sportsman, then use match video over the years, will compete video division according to time series approach For multiple periods, facilitate the input for distinguishing crucial moment match video as neural network.The neural network model automatic identification Mobile sportsman will distinguish the sportsman of different formations using the number in uniform number, by being trained autonomous learning Sportsman, assessment calculate the movement position of output basketball, i.e. Athletess track.Help train crucial moment decision and deployment into The best route attacked or defended and defence member, and according to every kind of strategy output deployment strategy Dynamic Graph and its successful probability. If how defender should respond, attacker how combinational techniques opponent, passer how to select pass ball position, connect How team person selects route to avoid blocking.
In schedules module, including recent our team's schedules and the following schedules, history schedules and alliance's schedules, click corresponding schedules List carries out corresponding data and calls inquiry, such as to handball team, fixture, result of the match.Different teams can also be screened, are carried out Team's detailed data comparison, such as both sides team racing season data, sportsman's competition data.Using data visualization technique by both sides team The data such as the equal score in the field of racing season, field assist, the equal backboard in field, field is lost points, field is made mistakes carry out graphic analyses, such as according to double Square team's score, backboard, secondary attack, penalty shot, the data items such as three points generate the comparison histogram of the ability in certain time.
In schedules module, in the following schedules list, using the logistic regression method in machine learning, count every in conventional competition Branch team triumph number of fields and failure number of fields and every team master data and integrated data, as ranking, score, defence, into Attack, penalty shot, three-point shot rate, fault rate, average age etc. as the feature vector of reflection team are trained calculating, according to The following schedules list output prediction may triumphantly be promoted to team, and corresponding drill program is formulated in auxiliary coach defence planning in advance.
In schedules module, Logic Regression Models in machine learning method utilize team over the years, sportsman, schedules basic number According to as feature vector, be converted into 4 overall targets: team's comprehensive strength, the strength of team lead man, chief coach are held Row ability, team's home-away strengths and weaknesses.According to 4 overall targets as independent variable, output ratio is predicted with logistic regression method The team's list for matching triumph, when dependent variable Y value 1, then it represents that team is promoted, and value -1 indicates that team is eliminated.
In drill program list, team and sportsman's training program are counted.For newest schedules plan arrangement, sportsman is tracked Nearly trimestral every training target, such as score, assist, grab, backboard, penalty shot data, and to sportsman's items training target The plan of progress arrangement, such as attack project (mobile, biography receives, dribbles, shooting), defence project (rob and interrupt, cover, robbing by movement Backboard and body-defence etc.).
In drill program list, according to the difference of sportsman's individual, as body of sportsmen situation, injured situation, speciality, technology are excellent The indexs such as disadvantage, using relation analysis model in machine learning, analysis obtains influencing the key factor of sportsman or team's achievement.Religion Practice the influence factor obtained according to analysis, adjust the project of team or sportsman's training, such as paces pass and receive, lay up, dribbling, and throw Projects such as basket, and carry out strength assessment to some projects, click and select corresponding sportsman, simultaneous display training program, period and strong Degree.
The relation analysis model in machine learning in drill program, selection represent the project of sportsman's drill program as research Object.The tables of data D of Basketball Match affairs is created, wherein D={ A, B, C, D, E, F, G... }, respectively represents height, weight, helps It attacks, three-point shot, the data such as penalty shot, breaks through, grabs, using parameter support, confidence level, whether training of judgement item association rule For strong rule.Assuming that minimum support be 40% and its more than, min confidence 50%, scanning sportsman compete all numbers of affairs According to table, candidate 1 item collection and frequent 1 item collection are generated, determines the support of each.It is started the cycle over from 2 item collections, by frequent K-1 item collection Frequent K item collection is generated, whether its subset, which is that frequency collects, is detected to each item collection in K item collection, deletes subset not in the item collection of frequency collection.It sweeps Database table is retouched, the support of filtered K item collection is recalculated, discards the item collection that support is less than minimum support, it is raw At frequent K item collection, if circulation terminates when only one item collection in current K item collection.Finally verify whether its frequent item set meets not Less than min confidence.
Training program is directed in training program list, such as: paces, biography receive, lay up, dribbling, and shooting etc. can using data Depending on change technology, team and sportsman's entirety training program are analyzed, the throwing of sportsman in certain time is such as indicated using line chart The Long-term change trend of basket hit rate, according to the variation before histogram graph representation sportsman training with basketball technique project after training.Auxiliary religion Practice progress, frequency, the intensity for observing every kind of project of training, so as to timely adjusting training status data.
This example is predicted and is analyzed data by using artificial intelligence model, and assessment, prediction and decision are trained in help, The validity of whole system operation is improved, and the accuracy of these model predictions can be improved by the competition data of continuous renewal; The present invention can under different scenes data and video effectively detected, the multiple teams of trace analysis and sportsman, by can Depending on changing sportsman of the technology-mapped in court Anywhere, and it is tracked in the sportsman track of different zones, detailed hot-zone figure.Benefit It analyzed with these data, assess the performance of sportsman, team in play, auxiliary coach formulates corresponding plan in play Slightly.According to team's state, special training plan is formulated, improves training effect.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications can also be made Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary, which comprises the following steps:
Data mining is carried out to sportsman's information for the game, and carries out annual data analysis;
It is analyzed and predicted according to team's competition data over the years and video;
Maintenance data visualization technique indicates sportsman and team over the years and recent racing season data, and it is pre- according to schedules to carry out result It surveys;
And arrangement for statistical analysis to the training program of sportsman and team's each period.
2. a kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described to sportsman's information for the game into Row data mining, and carry out annual data analysis, comprising the following steps:
It is caught according to sportsman data, battle array data, team's emolument and court location information, is built using machine learning method every time Vertical analysis model carries out project ranking assessment to sportsman's technology, and carries out visual analyzing to sportsman's motion profile.
3. a kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to be competed over the years according to team Data and video are analyzed and predicted, and are included the following steps;
Maintenance data excavates and machine learning method is analyzed and predicted, for the project and data of reflection team's ability, knot The information for the game for closing team scene, establishes machine learning model, is analyzed and predicted to obtain score team hot-zone figure, Yi Jiqiu The technical characterstic of the various formations of team, and battle array is predicted before can playing, and for life match information in match, is made certainly Plan.
4. a kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the expression sportsman and team are gone through Year and recent racing season data, include the following steps;
For single sportsman or the game status and technical level of team, by its competition data with scatter plot, histogram, hot-zone figure Or rectilinear indicates, when carrying out ability comparison for multiple sportsmen or team, is indicated with histogram, pie chart or radar map.
5. a kind of method of Basketball Tactical auxiliary as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described each to sportsman and team The training program of period is counted and is arranged, comprising the following steps:
Using machine learning model, in conjunction with such as attack state of sportsman's competitive state at this stage, defence state and physical fitness to it Association analysis obtains influencing the related training program of sportsman's competitive state based on the analysis results.
6. a kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary, which is characterized in that described device includes:
Sportsman's module for carrying out data mining to sportsman's information for the game, and carries out annual data analysis;
Team's module, for being analyzed and predicted according to team's competition data over the years and video;
Schedules module, the racing season data over the years and recent for maintenance data visualization technique expression sportsman and team, and according to Recent schedules carry out prediction of result;
Drill program module, for the training program to sportsman and team's each period it is for statistical analysis and arrange.
7. a kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that sportsman's module is used for basis Sportsman catches data, battle array data, team's emolument and court location information every time, and machine learning method is utilized to establish analysis mould Type carries out project ranking assessment to sportsman's technology, and carries out visual analyzing to sportsman's motion profile.
8. a kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that team's module is for using Data mining and machine learning method are analyzed and predicted, existing in conjunction with team for the project and data of reflection team's ability The information for the game of field, establishes machine learning model, is analyzed and predicted to obtain the various battle arrays of score team hot-zone figure and team The technical characterstic of type, and battle array is predicted before can playing, and for life match information in match, is made a policy.
9. a kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the schedules module is for being directed to The game status and technical level of single sportsman or team, by its competition data with scatter plot, histogram, hot-zone figure or rectilinear It indicates, when carrying out ability comparison for multiple sportsmen or team, is indicated with histogram, pie chart or radar map.
10. a kind of device of Basketball Tactical auxiliary as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the drill program module is used In utilizing machine learning model, it is closed in conjunction with sportsman's competitive state at this stage such as attack state, defence state and physical fitness Connection analysis obtains influencing the related training program of sportsman's competitive state based on the analysis results.
CN201810931480.1A 2018-08-15 2018-08-15 A kind of method and apparatus of Basketball Tactical auxiliary Pending CN109165253A (en)

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