CN110726808A - Evaluation device and evaluation method for foam system for oil displacement - Google Patents
Evaluation device and evaluation method for foam system for oil displacement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation device and an evaluation method for a foam system for oil displacement, and belongs to the field of oil field development. A foam system evaluation device for oil displacement is provided, wherein a transparent window and a graduated scale are arranged on the cavity wall, a temperature control device is arranged on the periphery of the cavity wall, and a temperature sensor is arranged in the cavity; the top of the cavity is provided with a cavity top cover, the cavity top cover is provided with a second quick connector, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a foam generator and a cavity bottom cover, and the cavity bottom cover is provided with a first quick connector; the gas source is respectively connected with a first four-way valve and a first quick connector through a first three-way valve, and needle valves are arranged on pipelines between the first four-way valve and the first quick connector; the other three joints of the first four-way valve are respectively connected with the second quick connector, the back pressure control system and a first pipeline, the first pipeline is a blow-down pipe, and needle valves are arranged on the pipelines among the above components. The evaluation device for the foam system for oil displacement effectively avoids the generation of foam liquid dead volume and observation blind areas, reduces measurement errors and can evaluate various gases.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield development, and particularly relates to an evaluation device and an evaluation method for a foam system for oil displacement.
Background
Foam flooding is used as an effective yield-increasing technical means and is widely applied to oil fields to improve the recovery ratio of crude oil. The foam used for foam flooding comprises gas (air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon gas and other gases), water and foam, and in foam flooding technical research, foam system screening evaluation is one of the core contents of the foam flooding technical research.
The existing mainstream methods for evaluating the foam system for oil displacement are a Ross-Miles method and a burning blend method, and although the methods can qualitatively evaluate the basic performance of the foam system to a certain extent, the methods cannot simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of an oil reservoir due to the limitation of an evaluation device, and cannot evaluate the performance of the foam system under the conditions. Further, the Ross-Miles method and the burning Blender method cannot block air, and therefore, only air foams, not gas foams such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, etc., can be evaluated.
In recent years, some experimental devices capable of simulating the evaluation of different gas foam performances under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of an oil reservoir appear in succession. For example, patent 201720921713.0 discloses a foam evaluation device, which is foamed by a stirring method, and realizes the visual evaluation of the performance of a foam system under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure of a simulated oil reservoir through a high-pressure resistant glass window. The device is owing to adopt the stirring method foaming, and the internal space of foaming ware stirring rake is not in the observable window scope, consequently can't confirm the foam system solution volume of not foaming inside the stirring rake, leads to the high measuring result error of foam great, can't accurate sign foam system's foaming ability. In addition, the index of the device for evaluating the foam stability performance is the foam half-life period, and the foam and the foaming agent solution have larger density difference, so that the foam has the phenomenon of uneven foam surface height in the defoaming process, the foam liquid level height is difficult to accurately measure, and the measuring result has larger error, so that the device cannot accurately evaluate the stability of a foam system; patent 201110391299.4 discloses a foaming agent evaluation experimental apparatus, which comprises a gas-liquid mixing injection system, a foam generation system, a foam performance measurement system and a defoaming system, and a high-pressure gas output assembly and a foaming liquid output assembly are respectively used for simultaneously outputting gas liquid to a foaming device and foaming. Because the gas-liquid output components are not the same power source, the gas-liquid has larger difference in the aspects of compressibility, conveying property and the like, and the conveying components on two sides can generate serious pressure imbalance when the gas and the liquid are injected simultaneously, so that foaming is difficult to be carried out according to the set gas-liquid ratio in the foaming process, and the test result reproducibility is poor. Except that above-mentioned two kinds of foam evaluation devices, foam system performance evaluation device under current high temperature high pressure condition, the foam system all adopts the design that relies on the pump to enter the foaming device, and there is certain defect in this kind of design: on the one hand, when the pump is input, a conveying pipeline has a large dead volume, and an error exists in the gas-liquid ratio in the testing process. On the other hand, in the practical application process, the screening evaluation of various or even dozens of foam systems may be required to be completed in a short time, and the design of pump delivery for the foam systems can cause frequent problems of pressure relief, cleaning, switching and debugging of intermediate containers, delivery pipelines and the like for containing the foam systems, thereby seriously affecting the working efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of single evaluation gas and large measurement error in the prior art and provides an evaluation device and an evaluation method for a foam system for oil displacement. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a foam system evaluation device for oil displacement comprises an air source, a first three-way valve, a foam evaluation cavity and a first four-way valve;
a transparent window and a graduated scale are arranged on the cavity wall of the foam evaluation cavity, a temperature control device is arranged on the periphery of the cavity wall, and a temperature sensor is arranged in the foam evaluation cavity;
the top of the foam evaluation cavity is provided with a cavity top cover, the cavity top cover is provided with a second quick connector, the bottom of the foam evaluation cavity is provided with a foam generator and a cavity bottom cover, and the cavity bottom cover is provided with a first quick connector;
the gas source is respectively connected with a first four-way valve and a first quick connector through a first three-way valve, and needle valves are arranged on pipelines between the first four-way valve and the first quick connector;
the other three joints of the first four-way valve are respectively connected with the second quick connector, the back pressure control system and a first pipeline, the first pipeline is a blow-down pipe, and needle valves are arranged on the pipelines among the above components.
Furthermore, a flushing nozzle is arranged at the communication position of the cavity top cover and the second quick connector, and the flushing nozzle faces the interior of the foam evaluation cavity.
Furthermore, the back pressure control system comprises a back pressure valve, a piston type intermediate container and a flat flow pump which are connected in sequence;
the air inlet end of the back pressure valve is connected with the first four-way valve, the control end of the back pressure valve is connected with the piston type intermediate container, and the back pressure valve is connected with a pressure relief pipeline.
Furthermore, a dryer, a pressure regulator and a gas flow controller are arranged between the gas source and the first three-way valve.
Further, the foam generator is a porous medium and is connected with the bottom cover of the cavity through a threaded screw cap;
when the cavity bottom cover with the foam generator is arranged at the bottom of the foam evaluation cavity, the foam generator is in seamless butt joint with the inner space of the foam evaluation cavity, and the upper end surface of the foam generator is flush with the zero scale mark of the scale.
Furthermore, the porous medium is a quartz sintered plate or an oil reservoir core simulating the pore characteristics of the oil reservoir.
Furthermore, the other end of the first pipeline is connected with a second four-way valve, and the other three joints of the second four-way valve are respectively connected with a cleaning pipeline, a first pressure meter and a vent pipeline.
The evaluation method based on the oil displacement foam system evaluation device comprises the following steps:
1) pouring foam liquid with a preset volume from the top of the foam evaluation cavity, and recording the height of the foam liquid;
2) adjusting the temperature control device to a preset temperature, and adjusting the control pressure of the back pressure control system to be a preset pressure;
gas in the gas source enters the foam evaluation cavity through the cavity top cover until the cavity pressure is a preset pressure;
3) gas in the gas source enters the foam evaluation cavity through the cavity bottom cover and the foam generator, foam liquid is foamed until a preset gas amount is input, and foaming is finished;
and reading the height of the foamed foam and the liquid separation half-life period of the foamed foam through a transparent window and a graduated scale.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the oil displacement foam system evaluation device disclosed by the invention adopts a back pressure valve for pressure control, is provided with a temperature control system, has good safety performance, can simulate the screening and evaluation of various gas foam systems such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon gas and the like under different oil reservoir temperature and pressure conditions, and has the advantages that the horizontal plane of the foaming device is flush with the scale of an observation window, so that the dead volume of foam liquid and the observation blind area are effectively avoided, and the measurement error is reduced; furthermore, the washing spray head is convenient for cleaning the cavity; furthermore, an oil reservoir core or a porous medium simulating oil reservoir pore characteristics is used as a foam generator, so that the foaming characteristics of a foam system under the oil reservoir condition can be reflected more truly; the device is suitable for screening, evaluating and researching a foam system which takes various gases such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon gas and the like as foaming media in the process of improving the recovery ratio of the oil field.
According to the evaluation method of the foam system for oil displacement, disclosed by the invention, the foaming method of a single-path gas source is adopted, so that the pressure fluctuation generated at two ends of gas-liquid supply when gas and liquid are injected simultaneously is avoided, and the repeatability and reliability of performance evaluation data of the foam system are ensured; the foam liquid is placed from the top, so that the foam liquid supply flow is simplified, the problems of frequent pressure relief, cleaning, switching and debugging of an intermediate container for containing the foam liquid and a conveying pipeline, which are faced by a conventional evaluation device during working, are effectively solved, the working efficiency is greatly improved, and powerful support is provided for scientific and efficient screening and evaluation of a foam system under the condition of simulating high temperature and high pressure of an oil reservoir.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an evaluation device for a foam system for oil displacement according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-gas source; 2-a dryer; 3-a pressure regulator; 4-a gas flow controller; 5-a first three-way valve; 6-a first one-way valve; 7-a second one-way valve; 8-a first quick connector; 9-a foam generator; 10-a cavity bottom cover; 11-a transparent window; 12-a housing; 13-foam evaluation chamber; 14-a graduated scale; 15-bracket connection head; 16-a washing spray head; 17-a cavity top cover; 18-a temperature sensor; 19-a second quick-coupling head; 20-a first four-way valve; 21-cleaning the pipeline; 22-a second four-way valve; 23-a first pressure gauge; 24-a venting pipeline; 25-a back pressure valve pressure relief pipeline; 26-a back pressure valve; 27-a scaffold; 28-a second pressure gauge; 29-piston type intermediate vessel; 30-advection pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an evaluation device of a foam system for oil displacement according to the present invention, which includes a gas input and metering system, a foam generation and evaluation system, an emptying and cleaning system, a back pressure control system, and a gas input and metering system; wherein, the gas input and metering system is respectively connected with the first four-way valve 20 at the top of the foam generation and evaluation system and the first quick connector 8 at the bottom through the first three-way valve 5 and the pipeline, the middle part of the foam evaluation cavity 13 of the foam generation and evaluation system is connected on the bracket connector 15 and can be controllably rotated, the emptying and cleaning system is connected with the first four-way valve 20 at the top of the foam generation and evaluation system through the second four-way valve 22, and the back pressure control system is connected with the first four-way valve 20 at the top of the foam generation and evaluation system through the pipeline.
The gas input and metering system is composed of a gas source 1, a needle valve, a dryer 2, a pressure regulator 3, a needle valve, a gas flow controller 4, a first three-way valve 5, a needle valve connected through the first three-way valve 5, a second one-way valve 7 and a first one-way valve 6, wherein the gas source 1 is a high-pressure natural gas bottle, the needle valve connected through the high-pressure pipeline is connected with the first one-way valve 7 through the first three-way valve 5 in two ways, the first one-way valve 6 connected through the high-pressure pipeline is connected with a first four-way valve 20 at the top of the foam generation and evaluation system, and the needle valve is arranged between the first one-way valve 6 and the first four-way valve 20.
The foam generation and evaluation system comprises a foam evaluation cavity 13, a wall body 12, a cavity bottom cover 10, a foam generator 9, a cavity top cover 17 and a support 27, wherein the foam evaluation cavity 13 is a cylindrical container (the inner diameter is 3.569cm, the height is 100cm) made of stainless steel, a plurality of transparent windows 11 made of high-pressure-resistant transparent organic glass are alternately arranged on two symmetrical surfaces of the foam evaluation cavity 13 from top to bottom, scale scales 14 with the length of 100cm and the minimum scale of 1mm are arranged on two sides of each transparent window 11, the height and the property of foam and foam liquid in the foam evaluation cavity 13 can be observed and measured through the transparent windows 11, the wall body 12 with a temperature control device is arranged outside the foam evaluation cavity 13, the wall body 12 is arranged in the support 27 through a support connector 15, and controllable rotation of the wall body 12 can be realized; the cavity bottom cover 10 is connected with the bottom of the foam evaluation cavity 13, the bottom of the cavity bottom cover is provided with a quick connection joint 8, and a detachable foam foaming device 9 is arranged in the cavity bottom cover 10. The foam generator 9 is a porous quartz sintered plate with the average pore diameter of 2 mu m, the foam generator 9 is connected with the cavity bottom cover 10 through a threaded screw cap, and after the cavity bottom cover 10 provided with the foam generator 9 is arranged at the bottom of the foam evaluation cavity 13, the foam generator 9 is in seamless butt joint with the inner space of the foam evaluation cavity 13 and is kept flush with the zero scale mark of the cavity bottom graduated scale 14; the cavity top cover 17 is connected with the top of the foam evaluation cavity 13, and a washing spray head 16 is arranged inside the cavity top cover 17. A temperature sensor 18 is arranged in the top cover 17 of the cavity, and the temperature of the inner space of the cavity 13 can be monitored in real time. The outside of the cavity top cover 17 is provided with a quick connector 19, one end of the quick connector 19 is provided with a first four-way valve 20, and the outlet of the first four-way valve is respectively connected with a back pressure control system, an air source pipeline and a second four-way valve 22 in the emptying and cleaning system.
The emptying and cleaning system comprises a second four-way valve 22, a first pressure gauge 23, an emptying pipeline 24 and a cleaning pipeline 21, one end of the second four-way valve 22 is connected with a first four-way valve 20 at the position of a foam evaluation cavity top cover 19, other three ends of the second four-way valve are respectively connected with the pressure gauge 22, the cleaning pipeline 21 and the emptying pipeline 24, one end of the cleaning pipeline 24 is connected with tap water, the emptying pipeline 24 is connected with outdoor emptying, and a needle valve is arranged between the upper pipelines
The back pressure control system comprises a constant flow pump 30, a needle valve, a piston type intermediate container 29, a pressure gauge 28 and a back pressure valve 26 which are sequentially connected through a high pressure resistant pipeline, and the outlet end of the back pressure control system is connected with a first four-way valve 20 at the top cover 17 of the foam evaluation cavity. The back pressure valve 26 is provided with a pressure relief pipeline 25, and the pressure relief pipeline 25 is connected with outdoor air relief.
Example 1
Reservoir conditions in the first region of Wuliwan in the Changqing oil field are as follows: the method for evaluating the performance of the foam system with the foaming agent sodium alcohol ether sulphate and the foaming gas medium being nitrogen at the reservoir temperature of 54 ℃ and the formation pressure of 14.7MPa comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of the experiment
200mL of a fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate foaming agent solution with the mass concentration of 0.4% is prepared by injecting water into a first Wuli bay area, a nitrogen cylinder with the pressure of 18MPa and the capacity of 8L is selected as an air source, and a quartz sintering plate with the diameter of 3cm and the pore diameter of 2 mu m is selected as a foaming device. The flow of the connection apparatus shown in example 1 was followed, in which the back-pressure valve pressure-releasing line 25 and the vent line 24 were connected to the outside. And starting pressure test and checking the air tightness of the device.
2) Foam concentrate filling
The foam evaluation cavity 13 is depressurized to atmospheric pressure by using an emptying pipeline 24; and opening the top cover 17 of the cavity, pouring 50mL of the prepared 0.4% sodium alcohol ether sulfate solution from the upper part of the foam evaluation cavity 13, tightly covering the top cover 17 of the cavity, reading the height of the foam liquid poured into the cavity through the scale 14 outside the foam evaluation cavity 13, and recording.
3) Temperature and back pressure settings
The temperature control device is turned on, the experimental temperature is set to 54 ℃, and the temperature is started to be 54 ℃. Meanwhile, a back pressure control system is opened, and a back pressure control pressure value is set to be 14.7 MPa.
4) Pressurization of the chamber
Opening the gas source 1, starting the pressure regulator 3 and the gas flow controller 4, and filling gas of the gas source into the foam evaluation cavity 13 until the cavity pressure is stabilized at 14.7 MPa;
5) foam generation and evaluation
Setting the mass flow of gas to be 100mL/min, injecting 1L of nitrogen into the foam evaluation cavity 13 at the speed of 100mL/min, and closing the gas input and metering system; the height of the foam produced was read by the foam evaluation chamber external scale 14 and the time at which half of the foam concentrate was precipitated was recorded.
6) Examination of reproducibility of evaluation results of the device of the present invention
And (3) developing the foaming volume and half-life period of the 0.4% fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate foaming agent solution prepared in the first step under the same condition, after 1-time test is completed and data is obtained, firstly utilizing a vent pipeline at the top cover of the cavity to perform foam evaluation on the pressure relief of the cavity, and then repeating the second step to the fifth step. This was repeated 2 times and the results were recorded.
7) System cleaning
After the experiment is finished, the back pressure of the back pressure valve 26 is gradually reduced by taking 1MPa as a step until the set pressure is zero, and the pressure relief of the back pressure control system and the foam evaluation cavity 13 is finished; after the pressure relief is finished, opening a bottom cover 10 of the foam evaluation cavity, and connecting waste liquid flowing out of the bottom of the foam evaluation cavity with a waste liquid barrel; meanwhile, a tap water switch connected with the tail end of the cleaning pipeline 21 starts to flush the foam evaluation cavity 13 until the foam evaluation cavity is flushed completely; and opening the foam generator 9, taking out the quartz sintering plate of the foam generator, and washing the quartz sintering plate clean.
The data obtained by the above experiments are shown in table 1, and from the evaluation results of 3 times in table 1, the device for evaluating the performance of the foam system for oil displacement and the foam system evaluation performed by using the device provided by the invention have the advantages that under the same conditions, the experimental data obtained by different experiments have good consistency, and the requirements of screening, evaluating and applying the foam system for oil displacement are met.
TABLE 1 Experimental data obtained for example 1
| Experimental groups | Foaming volume/mL | Half life of the solution/s |
| 1 st time | 655 | 960 |
| 2 nd time | 653 | 955 |
| 3 rd time | 656 | 958 |
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A device for evaluating a foam system for oil displacement is characterized by comprising an air source (1), a first three-way valve (5), a foam evaluation cavity (13) and a first four-way valve (20);
a transparent window (11) and a graduated scale (14) are arranged on the cavity wall of the foam evaluation cavity (13), a temperature control device is arranged on the periphery of the cavity wall, and a temperature sensor (18) is arranged in the foam evaluation cavity (13);
a cavity top cover (17) is arranged at the top of the foam evaluation cavity (13), a second quick connector (19) is arranged on the cavity top cover (17), a foam generator (9) and a cavity bottom cover (10) are arranged at the bottom of the foam evaluation cavity (13), and a first quick connector (8) is arranged on the cavity bottom cover (10);
an air source (1) is respectively connected with a first four-way valve (20) and a first quick connector (8) through a first three-way valve (5), and needle valves are arranged on pipelines between the first four-way valve and the first quick connector;
the other three joints of the first four-way valve (20) are respectively connected with a second quick connector (19), a back pressure control system and a first pipeline, the first pipeline is a blow-down pipe, and needle valves are arranged on the pipelines between the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve.
2. The oil displacement foam system evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein a flushing nozzle (16) is arranged at the communication position of the cavity top cover (17) and the second quick connector (19), and the flushing nozzle (16) faces the interior of the foam evaluation cavity (13).
3. The oil displacement foam system evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the back pressure control system comprises a back pressure valve (26), a piston type intermediate container (29) and a advection pump (30) which are connected in sequence;
the air inlet end of the back pressure valve (26) is connected with the first four-way valve (20), the control end of the back pressure valve is connected with the piston type intermediate container (29), and the back pressure valve (26) is connected with a pressure relief pipeline (25).
4. The foam system evaluation device for oil displacement according to claim 1, wherein a dryer (2), a pressure regulator (3) and a gas flow controller (4) are further arranged between the gas source (1) and the first three-way valve (5).
5. The evaluation device of the foam system for oil displacement according to claim 1, wherein the foam generator (9) is a porous medium and is connected with the cavity bottom cover (10) through a threaded screw cap;
when the cavity bottom cover (10) with the foam generator (9) is arranged at the bottom of the foam evaluation cavity (13), the foam generator (9) is in seamless butt joint with the inner space of the foam evaluation cavity (13), and the upper end surface of the foam generator is level with the zero scale mark of the scale (14).
6. The evaluation device of the foam system for flooding according to claim 5, wherein the porous medium is a quartz sintered plate or a reservoir core simulating reservoir pore characteristics.
7. The oil displacement foam system evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the first pipeline is connected with a second four-way valve (22), and the other three joints of the second four-way valve (22) are respectively connected with a cleaning pipeline (21), a first pressure gauge (23) and a vent pipeline (24).
8. An evaluation method based on the evaluation device for the foam system for flooding according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) pouring foam liquid with a preset volume from the top of the foam evaluation cavity (13), and recording the height of the foam liquid;
2) adjusting the temperature control device to a preset temperature, and adjusting the control pressure of the back pressure control system to be a preset pressure;
gas in the gas source (1) enters the foam evaluation cavity (13) through the cavity top cover (17) until the cavity pressure is a preset pressure;
3) gas in the gas source (1) enters a foam evaluation cavity (13) through a cavity bottom cover (10) and a foam generator (9), and foam liquid foams until a preset gas amount is input, so that foaming is finished;
the height of the foam after foaming and the liquid half-life period of the foam are read through a transparent window (11) and a graduated scale (14).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112098602A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | High-temperature and high-pressure foam evaluation device and evaluation method |
| CN112782045A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-05-11 | 西南石油大学 | Device for measuring permeability of high-temperature and high-pressure foam liquid film and using method thereof |
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2019
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112098602A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | High-temperature and high-pressure foam evaluation device and evaluation method |
| CN112098602B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2023-02-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | High-temperature and high-pressure foam evaluation device and evaluation method |
| CN112782045A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-05-11 | 西南石油大学 | Device for measuring permeability of high-temperature and high-pressure foam liquid film and using method thereof |
| CN112782045B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-04-12 | 西南石油大学 | Device for measuring permeability of high-temperature and high-pressure foam liquid film and using method thereof |
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