CN110724117A

CN110724117A - Production method of propylene oxide

Info

Publication number: CN110724117A
Application number: CN201911089749.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘司成; 付纯; 王彩荣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-08
Filing date: 2019-11-08
Publication date: 2020-01-24

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of propylene oxide production, and particularly relates to a production method of propylene oxide; the saponification tower used in the production process of the method comprises a shell, a rotating unit, a first cleaning unit and a controller; the top of the shell is provided with an upper cover and a feed inlet, the bottom of the shell is provided with a discharge outlet, and the shell is supported by a bracket; the rotating unit comprises a forward and reverse rotating motor, a rotating shaft and a sleeve ring; the positive and negative rotation motor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the output end of the positive and negative rotation motor extends into the shell and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the lantern ring is sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating shaft; the first cleaning unit is positioned in the shell and comprises an elastic sheet and sponge; one end of the elastic sheet is fixedly arranged on the lantern ring, and the other end of the elastic sheet is parallel to the inner wall of the shell; the sponge is adhered to the elastic sheet and is positioned on one side close to the inner wall of the shell; the cooperation through casing, rotation unit, clearance unit and controller in time clears up the sediment of attaching to on shells inner wall, has reduced the clearance degree of difficulty in later stage.

Description

Production method of propylene oxide

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of propylene oxide production, and particularly relates to a production method of propylene oxide.

Background

Propylene oxide, also known as propylene oxide, methyl ethylene oxide, is a very important organic compound starting material, second only to polypropylene and acrylonitrile, the third largest propylene derivative; the propylene oxide is mainly used for producing polyether polyol, propylene glycol, various nonionic surfactants and the like, and is an important basic chemical raw material; the propylene oxide can be produced by a chlorohydrin method, the chlorohydrin method has a long production history, the industrialization has been for more than 60 years, and the method has the characteristics of mature production process, large operation load elasticity, good selectivity and low requirement on the purity of the raw material propylene, so that the production safety can be improved, the construction investment is low, and the chlorohydrin method is used for 80 percent of the existing domestic propylene oxide production capacity; the chlorohydrin process has the disadvantages of high water consumption, generation of large amounts of wastewater and precipitates, 40-50 tons of chloride-containing saponified wastewater and 2 tons or more of precipitates per 1 ton of propylene oxide produced.

The precipitates generated in the production process are attached to the inner wall of the saponification tower, the inner wall of the saponification tower is seriously corroded, and the difficulty is increased for later cleaning.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that in the production process of propylene oxide, precipitates generated by reaction are attached to the inner wall of a saponification tower and cannot be cleaned in time, the precipitates corrode the inner wall of the saponification tower, and the cleaning difficulty in the later period is increased, the invention provides a production method of propylene oxide.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the production method of propylene oxide comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing chloropropanol: introducing propylene and chlorine gas and water into a chlorohydrination reactor for reaction at the conditions of normal pressure and 60 ℃ according to the molar ratio of 2:1, wherein a chlorohydrination reaction and a chlorohydrination side reaction exist in the chlorohydrination reactor, and obtaining a hydrochloric acid solution with the chloropropanol mass fraction of 4-5% in the chlorohydrination reactor after the reaction is finished;

s2, saponification: preparing lime milk with the excessive mass fraction of about 10%, mixing hydrochloric acid solution containing chloropropanol S1 with the lime milk, sending the mixture into a saponification tower for saponification reaction to obtain mixed solution containing propylene oxide and calcium chloride, quickly stripping the propylene oxide to obtain crude propylene oxide with the mass fraction of 90-95%, and treating the saponified wastewater obtained by the reaction with sewage;

s3, rectification: by adopting a two-tower rectification technology, the crude propylene oxide in S2 enters a propylene oxide front-end rectification tower firstly, then enters a propylene oxide rectification tower, and is subjected to condensation, distillation and impurity removal to produce high-purity and high-quality propylene oxide;

the saponification tower of S2 comprises a shell, a rotating unit, a first cleaning unit and a controller; the controller is used for controlling the operation of the saponification tower; the diameter of the upper part of the shell is larger than that of the lower part of the shell, the shell is in an inverted cone shape, the top of the shell is provided with an upper cover and a feeding pipe, the bottom of the shell is symmetrically provided with discharging pipes, and the shell is supported by a bracket; the upper cover is rotatably connected with the shell through a hinge, and the upper cover and the shell are sealed through a sealing ring; the rotating unit is arranged on the shell and comprises a forward and reverse rotating motor, a rotating shaft and a sleeve ring; the positive and negative rotation motor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the output end of the positive and negative rotation motor extends into the shell and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the lantern ring is sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating shaft and is positioned on one side close to the bottom of the shell; the controller drives the rotating shaft and the lantern ring to rotate by controlling the positive and negative rotating motors to work; the first cleaning unit is positioned in the shell and comprises an elastic sheet and sponge; one end of the elastic sheet is fixedly arranged on the lantern ring, and the other end of the elastic sheet is parallel to the inner wall of the shell; the sponge is adhered to the elastic sheet and is positioned on one side close to the inner wall of the shell; the elastic sheet is driven to rotate through the rotation of the lantern ring, so that the inner wall of the shell is cleaned by the sponge; during the use, pack into reaction solution in from the inlet pipe to the casing through the controller after, make the motor circular telegram of just reversing, the corotation or the reversal of the motor of just reversing of controller control, the motor of just reversing drives the pivot and rotates, make the lantern ring take place to rotate under the pivot drives, the lantern ring rotates and drives the shell fragment and take place to rotate, and then drive the sponge and rotate, the sponge is at pivoted in-process wall of the housing, realize the clearance of sponge to wall of the housing, the adhesive force between shell fragment and the sponge is greater than the frictional resistance with wall of the housing when the sponge rotates, the security and the stability of saponification tower have been guaranteed, and the pivot drives the rotation of shell fragment and sponge in the pivoted in-process and accelerates reaction solution's reaction efficiency, improve staff's work efficiency, a large amount of manpower and.

Preferably, gravel is uniformly arranged on the surface of the sponge close to the inner wall of the shell, and the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the shell can be enhanced through the gravel; when the shell is used, the sponge is driven by the elastic pieces to rotate, so that the inner wall of the shell is cleaned, the contact surface between the sponge and the inner wall of the shell is flat, part of sediment is attached to the inner wall of the shell, and the sediment cannot be cleaned thoroughly by means of friction force between the sponge and the inner wall of the shell, so that gravel is uniformly distributed on the surface of the sponge close to the inner wall of the shell, the sediment with strong adhesive force on the inner wall of the shell is cleaned in the rotating process of the sponge, the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the shell can be enhanced by the gravel, and the cleaning difficulty in the later period is reduced; the bonding force between the gravel and the sponge is larger than the friction force between the gravel and the inner wall of the shell, so that the gravel is prevented from falling off during working; the sponge material is softer and have elasticity, and the gravel can be absorbed in the sponge when receiving great perpendicular to shells inner wall surface's power at the during operation, guarantees that the gravel can not damage the inner wall when the clearance inner wall.

Preferably, a hollow cavity is formed in the rotating shaft, and a pneumatic unit is arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft; the pneumatic unit comprises a waterproof cloth cylinder and an air bag; the waterproof cloth cylinder is curved, one end of the waterproof cloth cylinder is fixedly connected with the end part of the rotating shaft, the other end of the waterproof cloth cylinder is connected with the air bag, and the waterproof cloth cylinder is communicated with the hollow cavity; the air bag is fixedly arranged at the top of the shell; the waterproof cloth cylinder is shortened or recovered through forward rotation or reverse rotation of the rotating shaft, the air bag is stretched, so that the air bag absorbs outside air and is conveyed into the hollow cavity through the controller to be stored; when the waterproof cloth barrel is shortened by the forward rotation of the rotating shaft, the waterproof cloth barrel stretches the air bag, so that the air bag absorbs air from the outside and is conveyed to the hollow cavity chamber for storage through the controller; when the rotating shaft rotates reversely, the waterproof cloth cylinder is recovered; the air bag continuously absorbs gas from the outside and compresses the gas in the hollow cavity, so that aerodynamic force can be provided for the saponification tower, and the efficiency of electric energy conversion is improved.

Preferably, piston units are uniformly arranged on the outer ring of the rotating shaft; the piston unit is positioned above the lantern ring; the piston unit comprises a piston cylinder, a piston plate, a piston rod and a first spring; the end part of the piston cylinder is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft; the piston plate is positioned in the piston cylinder and divides the piston cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber; the first cavity is communicated with the hollow cavity; one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the piston plate, and the other end of the piston rod is hinged on the elastic sheet; the first spring is positioned in the second cavity and sleeved on the outer ring of the piston rod; gas in the hollow cavity is conveyed to the first cavity through the controller, the piston plate is pushed to move in the piston cylinder, and the distance between the sponge and the inner wall of the shell is adjusted; when the piston is used, when the rotating shaft rotates forwards, the controller transmits gas in the hollow cavity to the first cavity, the gas pushes the piston plate to slide in the direction of the second cavity in the piston cylinder, and the first spring is compressed; when the rotating shaft rotates reversely, the first spring is not stressed and recovers the original shape, so that the piston plate moves towards the first chamber, the piston plate drives the piston rod to move in the moving process, and the piston rod pulls the elastic sheet to bend the elastic sheet; the distance between the sponge and the shell can be adjusted by bending or recovering the elastic sheet pulled by the piston rod, so that the inner wall of the shell can not be damaged when the gravel on the sponge is cleaned.

Preferably, the piston unit further comprises a folded tube; the folding pipe is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder, one end of the folding pipe is communicated with the second chamber of the piston cylinder, and the other end of the folding pipe faces the bottom of the elastic sheet; when the piston plate moves, gas generated in the second chamber is output by the folding pipe, so that sediment at the bottom of the shell is separated from the shell; during the use, the piston board slides to No. two cavity directions in the piston cylinder, and the air in No. two cavities is extruded, and the gaseous utilization folding tube output in No. two cavities for the deposit of casing bottom is in time dredged away the casing from the discharge gate, accomplishes the cleaning work of casing bottom.

Preferably, the side edge of the elastic sheet is provided with a guide sliding groove; a second cleaning unit is arranged at the guide sliding groove; the second cleaning unit comprises a cleaning block, a first rope and a guide ring; the section of the cleaning block is shaped like a U, and the cleaning block slides in the guide sliding groove; the guide ring is welded on one side of the elastic sheet far away from the shell; one end of the first rope is fixedly connected to the cleaning block, and the other end of the first rope penetrates through the guide ring and is connected with the waterproof cloth cylinder; the cleaning block is pulled by the first rope through the shortening or recovery of the waterproof cloth cylinder during rotation, so that the cleaning block can clean the elastic sheet; when the cleaning device is used, the rotating shaft rotates forwards to drive the waterproof cloth cylinder to rotate, the waterproof cloth cylinder rotates to enable the first rope to be wound on the waterproof cloth cylinder, and the first rope penetrates through the guide ring to pull the cleaning block to cling to the surface of the elastic sheet to slide on the guide chute, so that the precipitate on the elastic sheet falls to the bottom of the shell; when the rotating shaft rotates reversely, the waterproof cloth barrel restores the shape, the cleaning block slides downwards along the elastic sheet under the action of gravity, the surface of the elastic sheet is cleaned again, and the rope is pulled to reset; through the clearance piece slide from top to bottom on the spout that leads, realize the clearance of clearance piece to the shell fragment, reduced the clearance degree of difficulty of later stage to the shell fragment, improved work efficiency.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the production method of the propylene oxide, the elastic sheet and the sponge are driven to rotate through rotation of the rotating shaft, the reaction efficiency of the reaction solution is improved, the sponge is in contact with the inner wall of the shell to clean precipitates attached to the inner wall of the shell, the later cleaning difficulty is reduced, gravel is uniformly distributed on the surface of the sponge close to the inner wall of the shell, the cleaning effect is enhanced, and the inner wall is prevented from being damaged when the gravel is used for cleaning the inner wall.

2. According to the production method of the propylene oxide, the waterproof cloth barrel and the air bag are arranged above the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft rotates the waterproof cloth barrel to rotate, the waterproof cloth barrel rotates to stretch the air bag to compress and store gas in the hollow cavity, the compressed gas can provide aerodynamic force for the saponification tower, and the efficiency of electric energy conversion is improved.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a production process in the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a saponification column in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a saponification column in the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 2 at A;

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 2 at B;

in the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, an upper cover 11, a feeding pipe 12, a discharging pipe 13, a support 14, a hinge 15, a rotating unit 2, a forward and reverse rotating motor 21, a rotating shaft 22, a hollow cavity 221, a lantern ring 23, a first cleaning unit 3, an elastic sheet 31, a guide chute 311, sponge 32, gravel 33, a controller 4, a pneumatic unit 5, a waterproof cloth cylinder 51, an air bag 52, a piston unit 6, a piston cylinder 61, a first cavity 611, a second cavity 612, a piston plate 62, a piston rod 63, a first spring 64, a folding pipe 65, a second cleaning unit 7, a cleaning block 71, a first rope 72 and a guide ring 73.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the method for producing propylene oxide according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

the saponification tower of S2 comprises a shell 1, a rotating unit 2, a first cleaning unit 3 and a controller 4; the controller 4 is used for controlling the operation of the saponification tower; the diameter of the upper part of the shell 1 is larger than that of the lower part of the shell, the shell 1 is in an inverted cone shape, an upper cover 11 and a feeding pipe 12 are arranged at the top of the shell 1, discharging pipes 13 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, and the shell 1 is supported by a support 14; the upper cover 11 is rotatably connected with the shell 1 through a hinge 15, and the upper cover 11 and the shell 1 are sealed through a sealing ring; the rotating unit 2 is arranged on the shell 1, and the rotating unit 2 comprises a forward and reverse rotating motor 21, a rotating shaft 22 and a lantern ring 23; the forward and reverse rotation motor 21 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, and the output end of the forward and reverse rotation motor 21 extends into the shell 1 and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 22; the lantern ring 23 is sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating shaft 22, and the lantern ring 23 is positioned at one side close to the bottom of the shell 1; the controller 4 drives the rotating shaft 22 and the lantern ring 23 to rotate by controlling the positive and negative rotation motor 21 to work; the first cleaning unit 3 is positioned inside the shell 1, and the first cleaning unit 3 comprises an elastic sheet 31 and a sponge 32; one end of the elastic sheet 31 is fixedly arranged on the lantern ring 23, and the other end of the elastic sheet is parallel to the inner wall of the shell 1; the sponge 32 is adhered to the elastic sheet 31, and the sponge 32 is positioned at one side close to the inner wall of the shell 1; the elastic sheet 31 is driven to rotate through the rotation of the lantern ring 23, so that the inner wall of the shell 1 is cleaned by the sponge 32; during the use, after reaction solution is filled into the casing 1 from the inlet pipe 12 through the controller 4, make the motor 21 circular telegram of just reversing, the corotation or the reversal of motor 21 are just reversing in controller 4 control, the motor 21 that just reverses drives pivot 22 and rotates, make lantern ring 23 rotate under the drive of pivot 22, lantern ring 23 rotates and drives shell fragment 31 and take place to rotate, and then drive sponge 32 and rotate, sponge 32 is pasting casing 1 inner wall at the pivoted in-process, realize the clearance of sponge 32 to casing 1 inner wall, the adhesive force between shell fragment 31 and the sponge 32 is greater than the frictional resistance with casing 1 inner wall when sponge 32 rotates, the security and the stability of saponification tower have been guaranteed, and pivot 22 drives shell fragment 31 and sponge 32's rotation in the pivoted in-process and accelerates reaction solution's reaction efficiency, staff's work efficiency is improved, a large amount of manpower and materials have been saved.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the sponge 32 close to the inner wall of the housing 1 is uniformly provided with the gravels 33, and the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the housing 1 can be enhanced by the gravels 33; when the cleaning device is used, the sponge 32 is driven by the elastic sheet 31 to rotate, so that the inner wall of the shell 1 is cleaned, the contact surface between the sponge 32 and the inner wall of the shell 1 is flat, part of precipitates are attached to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the precipitates cannot be cleaned thoroughly by means of friction force between the sponge 32 and the inner wall of the shell 1, so that the surface of the sponge 32 close to the inner wall of the shell 1 is uniformly provided with the gravels 33, the precipitates with strong adhesive force on the inner wall of the shell 1 are cleaned in the rotating process of the sponge 32, the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the shell 1 can be enhanced by the gravels 33, and the cleaning difficulty in the later period is reduced; the bonding force between the gravel 33 and the sponge 32 is larger than the friction force between the gravel 33 and the inner wall of the shell 1, so that the gravel 33 cannot fall off during work; sponge 32 material is softer and have elasticity, and gravel 33 can be absorbed in sponge 32 when receiving the power of great perpendicular to casing 1 inner wall surface at the during operation, guarantees that gravel 33 can not harm the inner wall when the clearance inner wall.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a hollow chamber 221 is opened in the rotating shaft 22, and the end of the rotating shaft 22 is provided with a pneumatic unit 5; the pneumatic unit 5 includes a waterproof cloth tube 51 and an air bag 52; the waterproof cloth tube 51 is curved, one end of the waterproof cloth tube 51 is fixedly connected with the end part of the rotating shaft 22, the other end of the waterproof cloth tube 51 is connected with the air bag 52, and the waterproof cloth tube 51 is communicated with the hollow chamber 221; the air bag 52 is fixedly arranged on the top of the shell 1; the waterproof cloth tube 51 is shortened or recovered by the forward rotation or the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 22, and the air bag 52 is stretched, so that the air bag 52 absorbs outside air and is conveyed to the hollow chamber 221 through the controller 4 for storage; when the waterproof cloth cylinder 51 is shortened by the forward rotation of the rotating shaft 22, the waterproof cloth cylinder 51 stretches the air bag 52, so that the air bag 52 absorbs air from the outside and is conveyed to the hollow chamber 221 through the controller 4 for storage; when the rotating shaft 22 rotates reversely, the waterproof cloth tube 51 is recovered; the air bag 52 continuously absorbs air from the outside and compresses the air in the hollow chamber 221, so that aerodynamic force can be provided for the saponification tower, and the efficiency of electric energy conversion is improved.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the outer ring of the rotating shaft 22 is uniformly provided with piston units 6; the piston unit 6 is located above the collar 23; the piston unit 6 comprises a piston cylinder 61, a piston plate 62, a piston rod 63 and a first spring 64; the end part of the piston cylinder 61 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 22; the piston plate 62 is positioned in the piston cylinder 61 and divides the piston cylinder 61 into a first chamber 611 and a second chamber 612; the first chamber 611 is communicated with the hollow chamber 221; one end of the piston rod 63 is fixedly connected with the piston plate 62, and the other end of the piston rod is hinged on the elastic sheet 31; the first spring 64 is positioned in the second chamber 612 and sleeved on the outer ring of the piston rod 63; the controller 4 transmits the gas in the hollow chamber 221 to the first chamber 611 and pushes the piston plate 62 to move in the piston cylinder 61, so as to adjust the distance between the sponge 32 and the inner wall of the shell 1; in use, when the rotating shaft 22 rotates forward, the controller 4 transmits the gas in the hollow chamber 221 to the first chamber 611, the gas pushes the piston plate 62 to slide in the piston cylinder 61 in the direction of the second chamber 612, and the first spring 64 is compressed; when the rotating shaft 22 rotates reversely, the first spring 64 is not pressed and returns to the original state, so that the piston plate 62 moves towards the first chamber 611, the piston plate 62 drives the piston rod 63 to move in the moving process, and the piston rod 63 pulls the elastic sheet 31 to bend the elastic sheet 31; the distance between the sponge 32 and the shell 1 can be adjusted by pulling the elastic sheet 31 to bend or recover through the piston rod 63, so that the gravel 33 on the sponge 32 can be cleaned without damaging the inner wall of the shell 1.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the piston unit 6 further includes a folded tube 65; the folding tube 65 is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder 61, one end of the folding tube 65 is communicated with the second chamber 612 of the piston cylinder 61, and the other end faces the bottom of the elastic sheet 31; when the piston plate 62 moves, the gas generated in the second chamber 612 is output by the folding pipe 65, so that the sediment at the bottom of the shell 1 is separated from the shell 1; when the device is used, the piston plate 62 slides towards the second chamber 612 in the piston cylinder 61, air in the second chamber 612 is extruded, and air in the second chamber 612 is output by the folding pipe 65, so that sediment at the bottom of the shell 1 is timely separated from the shell 1 through the discharge hole, and the cleaning work at the bottom of the shell 1 is completed.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a sliding guide slot 311 is disposed on a side of the elastic sheet 31; a second cleaning unit 7 is arranged at the guide chute 311; the second cleaning unit 7 comprises a cleaning block 71, a first rope 72 and a guide ring 73; the section of the cleaning block 71 is U-shaped, and the cleaning block 71 slides in the guide sliding groove 311; the guide ring 73 is welded on one side of the elastic sheet 31 far away from the shell 1; one end of the first rope 72 is fixedly connected to the cleaning block 71, and the other end of the first rope penetrates through the guide ring 73 and is connected with the waterproof cloth cylinder 51; through the shortening or recovery of the waterproof cloth tube 51 during rotation, the cleaning block 71 is pulled by the first rope 72, so that the cleaning block 71 can clean the elastic sheet 31; when the cleaning device is used, the rotating shaft 22 rotates forwards to drive the waterproof cloth cylinder 51 to rotate, the waterproof cloth cylinder 51 rotates to enable the first rope 72 to be wound on the waterproof cloth cylinder 51, and then the first rope 72 passes through the guide ring 73 to pull the cleaning block 71 to cling to the surface of the elastic sheet 31 to slide on the guide sliding groove 311, so that the sediment on the elastic sheet 31 falls to the bottom of the shell 1; when the rotating shaft 22 rotates reversely, the waterproof cloth tube 51 recovers the shape, the cleaning block 71 slides downwards along the elastic sheet 31 under the action of gravity, the surface of the elastic sheet 31 is cleaned again, and the rope is pulled to reset; the cleaning block 71 slides up and down on the guide chute 311, so that the elastic sheet 31 is cleaned by the cleaning block 71, the difficulty in cleaning the elastic sheet 31 in the later period is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

When the saponification tower is used, firstly, after reaction solution is filled into the shell 1 from the feeding pipe 12 through the controller 4, the forward and reverse rotation motor 21 is powered on, the forward and reverse rotation motor 21 is controlled by the controller 4 to rotate forward or reversely, the forward and reverse rotation motor 21 drives the rotating shaft 22 to rotate, the lantern ring 23 is driven by the rotating shaft 22 to rotate, the lantern ring 23 rotates to drive the elastic sheet 31 to rotate, and further the sponge 32 is driven to rotate, the sponge 32 is attached to the inner wall of the shell 1 in the rotating process, the inner wall of the shell 1 is cleaned by the sponge 32, the adhesive force between the elastic sheet 31 and the sponge 32 is larger than the friction resistance between the sponge 32 and the inner wall of the shell 1 in the rotating process, and the safety and the; the surface of the sponge 32 close to the inner wall of the shell 1 is uniformly provided with gravels 33, and precipitates with strong adhesive force on the inner wall of the shell 1 are cleaned in the rotating process of the sponge 32; the bonding force between the gravel 33 and the sponge 32 is larger than the friction force between the gravel 33 and the inner wall of the shell 1, so that the gravel 33 cannot fall off during work; the sponge 32 is soft and elastic, and the gravel 33 can sink into the sponge 32 when being subjected to a large force vertical to the surface of the inner wall of the shell 1 during working, so that the gravel 33 can not damage the inner wall while cleaning the inner wall; the rotating shaft 22 rotates forward or backward under the driving of the forward and backward rotating motor 21, the rotating shaft 22 rotates to drive the waterproof cloth cylinder 51 to rotate, so that the waterproof cloth cylinder 51 is shortened or recovered, when the rotating shaft 22 rotates forward to shorten the waterproof cloth cylinder 51, the waterproof cloth cylinder 51 stretches the air bag 52, so that the air bag 52 absorbs air from the outside and is conveyed to the hollow chamber 221 through the controller 4 for storage; when the rotating shaft 22 rotates reversely, the waterproof cloth tube 51 is recovered; the air bag 52 continuously absorbs air from the outside and compresses the air in the hollow chamber 221, so that aerodynamic force can be provided for the saponification tower, and the efficiency of electric energy conversion is improved; when the rotating shaft 22 rotates forward, the controller 4 transmits the gas in the hollow chamber 221 to the first chamber 611, the gas pushes the piston plate 62 to slide in the piston cylinder 61 in the direction of the second chamber 612, and the first spring 64 is compressed; when the rotating shaft 22 rotates reversely, the first spring 64 is not pressed and returns to the original state, so that the piston plate 62 moves towards the first chamber 611, the piston plate 62 drives the piston rod 63 to move in the moving process, and the piston rod 63 pulls the elastic sheet 31 to bend the elastic sheet 31; the distance between the sponge 32 and the shell 1 can be adjusted by pulling the elastic sheet 31 to bend or recover through the piston rod 63, so that the gravel 33 on the sponge 32 can be cleaned without damaging the inner wall of the shell 1; the piston plate 62 slides in the direction of the second chamber 612 in the piston cylinder 61, the air in the second chamber 612 is extruded, and the air in the second chamber 612 is output by the folding pipe 65, so that the sediment at the bottom of the shell 1 is timely separated from the shell 1 from the discharge hole, and the cleaning work at the bottom of the shell 1 is completed; the waterproof cloth cylinder 51 rotates to enable the first rope 72 to be wound on the waterproof cloth cylinder 51, and then the first rope 72 penetrates through the guide ring 73 to pull the cleaning block 71 to cling to the surface of the elastic sheet 31 to slide on the guide sliding groove 311, so that the precipitate on the elastic sheet 31 falls to the bottom of the shell 1; when the rotating shaft 22 rotates reversely, the waterproof cloth tube 51 recovers the shape, the cleaning block 71 slides downwards along the elastic sheet 31 under the action of gravity, the surface of the elastic sheet 31 is cleaned again, and the rope is pulled to reset; the cleaning block 71 slides up and down on the guide chute 311, so that the cleaning block 71 can clean the elastic sheet 31.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A method for producing propylene oxide, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the saponification tower of S2 comprises a shell (1), a rotating unit (2), a first cleaning unit (3) and a controller (4); the controller (4) is used for controlling the operation of the saponification tower; the diameter of the upper part of the shell (1) is larger than that of the lower part of the shell, the shell (1) is in an inverted cone shape, an upper cover (11) and a feeding pipe (12) are arranged at the top of the shell (1), discharging pipes (13) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the shell (1), and the shell (1) is supported by a support (14); the upper cover (11) is rotatably connected with the shell (1) through a hinge (15), and the upper cover (11) and the shell (1) are sealed through a sealing ring; the rotating unit (2) is arranged on the shell (1), and the rotating unit (2) comprises a forward and reverse rotating motor (21), a rotating shaft (22) and a sleeve ring (23); the forward and reverse rotation motor (21) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell (1), and the output end of the forward and reverse rotation motor (21) extends into the shell (1) and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (22); the lantern ring (23) is sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating shaft (22), and the lantern ring (23) is positioned on one side close to the bottom of the shell (1); the controller (4) drives the rotating shaft (22) and the lantern ring (23) to rotate by controlling the positive and negative rotating motor (21) to work; the first cleaning unit (3) is positioned inside the shell (1), and the first cleaning unit (3) comprises an elastic sheet (31) and a sponge (32); one end of the elastic sheet (31) is fixedly arranged on the lantern ring (23), and the other end of the elastic sheet is parallel to the inner wall of the shell (1); the sponge (32) is bonded with the elastic sheet (31), and the sponge (32) is positioned on one side close to the inner wall of the shell (1); the elastic sheet (31) is driven to rotate through the rotation of the lantern ring (23), and the cleaning of the inner wall of the shell (1) by the sponge (32) is achieved.

2. The process for producing propylene oxide according to claim 1, wherein: gravel (33) is uniformly arranged on the surface of the sponge (32) close to the inner wall of the shell (1), and the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the shell (1) can be enhanced through the gravel (33).

3. The process for producing propylene oxide according to claim 1, wherein: a hollow cavity (221) is formed in the rotating shaft (22), and a pneumatic unit (5) is arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft (22); the pneumatic unit (5) comprises a waterproof cloth tube (51) and an air bag (52); the waterproof cloth cylinder (51) is curved, one end of the waterproof cloth cylinder (51) is fixedly connected with the end part of the rotating shaft (22), the other end of the waterproof cloth cylinder is connected with the air bag (52), and the waterproof cloth cylinder (51) is communicated with the hollow chamber (221); the air bag (52) is fixedly arranged at the top of the shell (1); the waterproof cloth tube (51) is shortened or recovered by forward rotation or reverse rotation of the rotating shaft (22), the air bag (52) is stretched, and the air bag (52) absorbs outside air and is conveyed into the hollow chamber (221) through the controller (4) to be stored.

4. The process for producing propylene oxide according to claim 1, wherein: piston units (6) are uniformly arranged on the outer ring of the rotating shaft (22); the piston unit (6) is positioned above the lantern ring (23); the piston unit (6) comprises a piston cylinder (61), a piston plate (62), a piston rod (63) and a first spring (64); the end part of the piston cylinder (61) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (22); the piston plate (62) is positioned in the piston cylinder (61) and divides the piston cylinder (61) into a first chamber (611) and a second chamber (612); the first chamber (611) is communicated with the hollow chamber (221); one end of the piston rod (63) is fixedly connected with the piston plate (62), and the other end of the piston rod is hinged to the elastic sheet (31); the first spring (64) is positioned in the second chamber (612) and sleeved on the outer ring of the piston rod (63); the controller (4) transmits the gas in the hollow chamber (221) to the first chamber (611) and pushes the piston plate (62) to move in the piston cylinder (61), so that the distance between the sponge (32) and the inner wall of the shell (1) is adjusted.

5. The method for producing propylene oxide according to claim 4, wherein: the piston unit (6) further comprises a folded tube (65); the folding pipe (65) is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder (61), one end of the folding pipe (65) is communicated with the second chamber (612) of the piston cylinder (61), and the other end faces the bottom of the elastic sheet (31); when the piston plate (62) moves, gas generated in the second chamber (612) is output by the folding pipe (65), so that sediment at the bottom of the shell (1) is separated from the shell (1).

6. The process for producing propylene oxide according to claim 1, wherein: a guide sliding groove (311) is formed in the side edge of the elastic sheet (31); a second cleaning unit (7) is arranged at the guide chute (311); the second cleaning unit (7) comprises a cleaning block (71), a first rope (72) and a guide ring (73); the section of the cleaning block (71) is U-shaped, and the cleaning block (71) slides in the guide-slide groove (311); the guide ring (73) is welded on one side of the elastic sheet (31) far away from the shell (1); one end of the first rope (72) is fixedly connected to the cleaning block (71), and the other end of the first rope penetrates through the guide ring (73) and is connected with the waterproof cloth barrel (51); through shortening or recovering of a waterproof cloth barrel (51) when rotating, and utilize a rope (72) to pull clearance piece (71), realize clearance piece (71) and clear up shell fragment (31).