CN110722110B - Preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welding seam - Google Patents
Preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welding seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN110722110B CN110722110B CN201910940353.2A CN201910940353A CN110722110B CN 110722110 B CN110722110 B CN 110722110B CN 201910940353 A CN201910940353 A CN 201910940353A CN 110722110 B CN110722110 B CN 110722110B
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- isostatic pressing
- wax
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- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welding seams, which is specifically carried out according to the following steps: step 1, designing and manufacturing a sheath casting wax mold according to the structural characteristics of a sheath, and uniformly coating a ceramic layer on the surface of the wax mold; step 2, after the ceramic layer is hardened, the wax mould is placed into hot water to be melted and removed, and a ceramic mould is obtained; step 3, casting the molten metal into a ceramic die cavity, and performing casting molding to obtain a sheath containing the ceramic die; step 4, removing the ceramic pattern die on the surface of the sheath to obtain a casting sheath; and 5, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the casting sheath to obtain a finished sheath. The invention can effectively reduce the welding seams of the finished sheath, greatly improve the manufacturing yield of the hot isostatic pressing sheath, ensure the reliability of the hot isostatic pressing process and improve the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hot isostatic pressing, and relates to a preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welds.
Background
The hot isostatic pressing technology is a process technology for forming metal powder or a finished piece by utilizing a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, when the hot isostatic pressing is carried out on the metal powder, the hot isostatic pressing process can be carried out only by filling the metal powder into a sheath, and the airtightness of the sheath is strictly required in the hot isostatic pressing process.
Therefore, the hot isostatic pressing sheath is the most important link in the hot isostatic pressing process, most of the manufacturing of the hot isostatic pressing sheath is finished by adopting a mechanical processing and welding mode at present, the labor intensity is high, the requirement on the welding quality is high, and for the more complex sheath, the method has more welding lines, difficult processing and lower manufacturing yield. And the weld joint is easy to tear under the high-pressure environment of hot isostatic pressing, so that leakage is generated, more weld joints can influence hot isostatic pressing, and finally the hot isostatic pressing process fails.
Therefore, the key for ensuring the success of the hot isostatic pressing process is to reduce welding seams and the possibility of sheath leakage, and meanwhile, the hot isostatic pressing part manufacturing process has more processes, so that the production efficiency and the yield of the hot isostatic pressing sheath are improved, and the production efficiency of the hot isostatic pressing part is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welding seams, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a plurality of sheath welding seams are generated, and leakage is easy to generate.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the preparation method of the hot isostatic pressing reduction sheath weld joint is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
step 1, designing and manufacturing a sheath casting wax mold according to the structural characteristics of a sheath, putting the manufactured wax mold into ceramic slurry to enable the ceramic slurry to cover the surface of the wax mold, taking out the wax mold, air-drying, and repeating for multiple times until the surface of the wax mold is uniformly coated with a ceramic layer;
step 2, after the ceramic layer is hardened, putting the wax mould with the ceramic layer into hot water, and pouring out liquid wax after the wax mould is melted to obtain a ceramic mould;
step 3, casting molten metal into a ceramic die cavity, and then casting and molding after the ceramic die cavity is filled with the molten metal, so that the metal is cooled and crystallized into a solid state, and a sheath containing the ceramic die is obtained;
step 4, placing the sheath containing the ceramic pattern die into an alkaline solution, dissolving the ceramic pattern die in the alkaline solution, and enabling the ceramic pattern die on the surface of the sheath to fall off to obtain a casting sheath;
and 5, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the casting sheath to obtain a finished sheath.
In the step 1, the ceramic layer is an aluminum-based or silicon-based ceramic layer, the thickness of the ceramic layer is 1.5-3.5 mm, and the thickness of the wax mould is 8-10 mm.
In the step 2, the temperature of the hot water is 80-100 ℃.
In the step 3, the metal is any one of low-carbon steel and stainless steel.
In step 4, the alkaline solution is a potassium hydroxide solution.
Step 5 specifically comprises the steps of heating the casting sheath to 1000-1500 ℃, boosting the temperature to 90-135 MPa, then preserving heat and pressure for 1-2 hours, finally cooling to 25 ℃, and reducing the pressure to normal pressure.
In the step 5, the temperature and pressure rise time is 2-3 h, the temperature rise rate is 500 ℃/h, and the pressure rise rate is 45 MPa/h.
In the step 5, the time for cooling and reducing the pressure is 2-3 h, the cooling rate is 500 ℃/h, and the pressure reducing rate is 45 MPa/h.
The wall thickness of the finished sheath is 5.5-7.5 mm.
The invention has the advantages that the welding seams of the finished sheath can be effectively reduced, the manufacturing yield of the hot isostatic pressing sheath is greatly improved, the reliability of the hot isostatic pressing process is ensured, the production efficiency is improved, the gas leakage of the sheath in the hot isostatic pressing process is effectively prevented, and the greater loss is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a reduced hot isostatic pressing capsule weld of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A method for preparing a hot isostatic pressing reduction capsule weld joint is shown in figure 1 and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing and manufacturing a sheath casting wax mold according to the structural characteristics of a sheath, putting the manufactured wax mold into ceramic slurry to enable the ceramic slurry to cover the surface of the wax mold, taking out the wax mold, air-drying, and repeating for multiple times until the surface of the wax mold is uniformly coated with a ceramic layer;
step 2, after the ceramic layer is hardened, putting the wax mould with the ceramic layer into hot water, and pouring out liquid wax after the wax mould is melted to obtain a ceramic mould;
step 3, casting molten metal into a ceramic die cavity, and then casting and molding after the ceramic die cavity is filled with the molten metal, so that the metal is cooled and crystallized into a solid state, and a sheath containing the ceramic die is obtained;
step 4, placing the sheath containing the ceramic pattern die into an alkaline solution, dissolving the ceramic pattern die in the alkaline solution, and enabling the ceramic pattern die on the surface of the sheath to fall off to obtain a casting sheath;
and 5, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the casting sheath to obtain a finished sheath.
In the step 1, the ceramic layer is an aluminum-based or silicon-based ceramic layer, the thickness of the ceramic layer is 1.5-2.5 mm, and the thickness of the wax mould is 6-8 mm.
In the step 2, the temperature of the hot water is 80-100 ℃.
In the step 3, the metal is any one of low-carbon steel and stainless steel, and other castable metals can be selected.
In step 4, the alkaline solution is a potassium hydroxide solution.
Step 5 specifically comprises the steps of heating the casting sheath to 1000-1500 ℃, boosting the temperature to 90-135 MPa, then preserving heat and pressure for 1-2 hours, finally cooling to 25 ℃, and reducing the pressure to normal pressure.
In the step 5, the temperature and pressure rise time is 2-3 h, the temperature rise rate is 500 ℃/h, and the pressure rise rate is 45 MPa/h.
In the step 5, the time for cooling and reducing the pressure is 2-3 h, the cooling rate is 500 ℃/h, and the pressure reducing rate is 45 MPa/h.
The wall thickness of the finished sheath is 5.5-7.5 mm.
Example 1
A preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welding seams comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing and manufacturing a sheath casting wax mold according to the structural characteristics of the sheath, wherein the thickness of the wax mold is 8mm, putting the manufactured wax mold into ceramic slurry, covering the ceramic slurry on the surface of the wax mold, taking out the wax mold, air-drying, and repeating for multiple times until the surface of the wax mold is uniformly coated with a ceramic layer, wherein the thickness of the ceramic layer is 1.5 mm;
step 2, after the ceramic layer is hardened, putting the wax mould with the ceramic layer into hot water of 100 ℃, and pouring out liquid wax after the wax mould is melted to obtain a ceramic mould;
step 3, casting molten metal into a ceramic die cavity, and then casting and molding after the ceramic die cavity is filled with the molten metal, so that the metal is cooled and crystallized into a solid state, and a sheath containing the ceramic die is obtained;
step 4, placing the sheath containing the ceramic pattern die into an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide, dissolving the ceramic pattern die in the alkaline solution, and enabling the ceramic pattern die on the surface of the sheath to fall off to obtain a casting sheath;
and 5, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the casting sheath, namely heating the casting sheath to 1000 ℃, boosting the temperature to 90MPa, heating and boosting the temperature for 2h, heating the temperature at a rate of 500 ℃/h and boosting the pressure at a rate of 45MPa/h, then keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1h, finally cooling the temperature to 25 ℃, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, cooling the pressure for 2h, cooling the temperature at a rate of 500 ℃/h and reducing the pressure at a rate of 45MPa/h to obtain a finished sheath with the wall thickness of 7.5 mm.
Example 2
A preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welding seams comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing and manufacturing a sheath casting wax mold according to the structural characteristics of a sheath, wherein the thickness of the wax mold is 7.5mm, putting the manufactured wax mold into ceramic slurry, covering the ceramic slurry on the surface of the wax mold, taking out the wax mold, air-drying, and repeating for multiple times until the surface of the wax mold is uniformly coated with a ceramic layer, wherein the thickness of the ceramic layer is 2 mm;
step 2, after the ceramic layer is hardened, putting the wax mould with the ceramic layer into hot water of 80 ℃, and pouring out liquid wax after the wax mould is melted to obtain a ceramic mould;
step 3, casting molten metal into a ceramic die cavity, and then casting and molding after the ceramic die cavity is filled with the molten metal, so that the metal is cooled and crystallized into a solid state, and a sheath containing the ceramic die is obtained;
step 4, placing the sheath containing the ceramic pattern die into an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide, dissolving the ceramic pattern die in the alkaline solution, and enabling the ceramic pattern die on the surface of the sheath to fall off to obtain a casting sheath;
and 5, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the casting sheath, namely heating the casting sheath to 1500 ℃, boosting the temperature to 135MPa, heating and boosting the temperature for 3h, heating the temperature at a rate of 500 ℃/h and boosting the pressure at a rate of 45MPa/h, then keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1.5h, finally cooling the temperature to 25 ℃, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, cooling and reducing the pressure for 3h, cooling the temperature at a rate of 500 ℃/h and reducing the pressure at a rate of 45MPa/h to obtain a finished sheath with the wall thickness of 7 mm.
Example 3
A preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welding seams comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing and manufacturing a sheath casting wax mold according to the structural characteristics of a sheath, wherein the thickness of the wax mold is 7mm, putting the manufactured wax mold into ceramic slurry, covering the ceramic slurry on the surface of the wax mold, taking out the wax mold, air-drying, and repeating for multiple times until the surface of the wax mold is uniformly coated with a ceramic layer, wherein the thickness of the ceramic layer is 2.5 mm;
step 2, after the ceramic layer is hardened, putting the wax mould with the ceramic layer into hot water of 80 ℃, and pouring out liquid wax after the wax mould is melted to obtain a ceramic mould;
step 3, casting molten metal into a ceramic die cavity, and then casting and molding after the ceramic die cavity is filled with the molten metal, so that the metal is cooled and crystallized into a solid state, and a sheath containing the ceramic die is obtained;
step 4, placing the sheath containing the ceramic pattern die into an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide, dissolving the ceramic pattern die in the alkaline solution, and enabling the ceramic pattern die on the surface of the sheath to fall off to obtain a casting sheath;
and 5, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the casting sheath, namely heating the casting sheath to 1200 ℃, boosting the temperature to 108MPa, wherein the heating and boosting time is 2.4h, the heating rate is 500 ℃/h, the boosting rate is 45MPa/h, then keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1h, finally cooling to 25 ℃, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, wherein the cooling and reducing time is 2.4h, the cooling rate is 500 ℃/h, and the reducing rate is 45MPa/h, so as to obtain a finished sheath with the wall thickness of 6.5 mm.
Example 4
A preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welding seams comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing and manufacturing a sheath casting wax mold according to the structural characteristics of a sheath, wherein the thickness of the wax mold is 6mm, putting the manufactured wax mold into ceramic slurry, covering the ceramic slurry on the surface of the wax mold, taking out the wax mold, air-drying, and repeating for multiple times until the surface of the wax mold is uniformly coated with a ceramic layer, wherein the thickness of the ceramic layer is 2 mm;
step 2, after the ceramic layer is hardened, putting the wax mould with the ceramic layer into hot water of 90 ℃, and pouring out liquid wax after the wax mould is melted to obtain a ceramic pattern mould;
step 3, casting molten metal into a ceramic die cavity, and then casting and molding after the ceramic die cavity is filled with the molten metal, so that the metal is cooled and crystallized into a solid state, and a sheath containing the ceramic die is obtained;
step 4, placing the sheath containing the ceramic pattern die into an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide, dissolving the ceramic pattern die in the alkaline solution, and enabling the ceramic pattern die on the surface of the sheath to fall off to obtain a casting sheath;
and 5, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the casting sheath, namely heating the casting sheath to 1400 ℃, boosting the temperature to 126MPa, wherein the heating and boosting time is 2.8h, the heating rate is 500 ℃/h, the boosting rate is 45MPa/h, then preserving the heat and the pressure for 2h, finally cooling to 25 ℃, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, wherein the cooling and reducing time is 2.8h, the cooling rate is 500 ℃/h, and the reducing rate is 45MPa/h, so as to obtain a finished sheath with the wall thickness of 5.5 mm.
The finished sheath prepared by the method has high density, the relative density can reach more than 99.995%, the wall thickness of the sheath is 5.5-7.5 mm, the gas tightness of the sheath is excellent, and the leak rate can reach 2x10-9Pa·m3The product can be produced in batch with high yield.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the hot isostatic pressing reduction sheath weld joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, designing and manufacturing a sheath casting wax mold according to the structural characteristics of a sheath, putting the manufactured wax mold into ceramic slurry to enable the ceramic slurry to cover the surface of the wax mold, taking out the wax mold, air-drying, and repeating for multiple times until the surface of the wax mold is uniformly coated with a ceramic layer;
step 2, after the ceramic layer is hardened, putting the wax mould with the ceramic layer into hot water, and pouring out liquid wax after the wax mould is melted to obtain a ceramic mould;
step 3, casting molten metal into a ceramic die cavity, and then casting and molding after the ceramic die cavity is filled with the molten metal, so that the metal is cooled and crystallized into a solid state, and a sheath containing the ceramic die is obtained;
step 4, placing the sheath containing the ceramic pattern die into an alkaline solution, dissolving the ceramic pattern die in the alkaline solution, and enabling the ceramic pattern die on the surface of the sheath to fall off to obtain a casting sheath;
step 5, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the casting sheath to obtain a finished sheath;
in the step 1, the ceramic layer is an aluminum-based or silicon-based ceramic layer, the thickness of the ceramic layer is 1.5-2.5 mm, and the thickness of the wax mould is 6-8 mm;
in the step 2, the temperature of hot water is 80-100 ℃;
in the step 3, the metal is any one of low-carbon steel and stainless steel;
in the step 4, the alkaline solution is a potassium hydroxide solution;
step 5 specifically comprises the steps of heating the casting sheath to 1000-1500 ℃, boosting the temperature to 90-135 MPa, then preserving the heat and maintaining the pressure for 1-2 hours, finally cooling to 25 ℃, and reducing the pressure to normal pressure;
in the step 5, the temperature and pressure rise time is 2-3 h, the temperature rise rate is 500 ℃/h, and the pressure rise rate is 45 MPa/h;
in the step 5, the cooling and pressure reducing time is 2-3 h, the cooling rate is 500 ℃/h, and the pressure reducing rate is 45 MPa/h.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the wall thickness of the finished capsule is 5.5-7.5 mm.
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| CN201910940353.2A CN110722110B (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Preparation method for reducing hot isostatic pressing sheath welding seam |
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| JPS60121202A (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1985-06-28 | Kuroki Kogyosho:Kk | Production of mold for continuous casting |
| CN103586468B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-04-15 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | TiAl alloy powder near-net-shaping method |
| CN105458265B (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2018-07-31 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of hot isostatic pressing use control pattern core, its manufacturing method and its application of recyclable reuse |
| CN106636740B (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2018-04-03 | 太原理工大学 | The method that TiAl alloy sheet material is prepared without jacket |
| CN106513685B (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2019-09-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of nearly molten state hot isostatic pressing net-shape method of powder |
| CN109249025A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy thin wall pieces hot isostatic pressing manufacturing process |
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