CN110715980A - Material acoustic evaluation device and method - Google Patents
Material acoustic evaluation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110715980A CN110715980A CN201911112499.4A CN201911112499A CN110715980A CN 110715980 A CN110715980 A CN 110715980A CN 201911112499 A CN201911112499 A CN 201911112499A CN 110715980 A CN110715980 A CN 110715980A
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
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- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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Abstract
The invention relates to a material acoustics evaluation device which comprises an upper test box with an opening at the bottom, a lower test box with an opening at the top, a sample supporting plate for placing a sample to be tested, a mobile terminal for storing test noise and a data storage and reading terminal. The evaluation of the sound absorption and sound insulation of the material is realized through a set of device; the device has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, small occupied area, portability, convenient movement and carrying and good portability; the required size of the test sample is small, and small test samples are easy to flatten; the testing method is simple, and the testing evaluation can be completed by the measuring personnel only through simple training.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material acoustic evaluation, in particular to a material acoustic evaluation device and method.
Background
The noise in the automobile is a key performance index of the automobile, the noise level is influenced by the active noise control of an engine of the whole automobile and the airtightness of the whole automobile, and a key control technology is to utilize the sound absorption and insulation characteristics of an acoustic part in the automobile to achieve the isolation of the noise at the bottom of the automobile and the absorption of the noise in the automobile, so that the noise in the automobile is reduced, and the riding experience of a user is improved.
Therefore, the sound absorption and insulation characteristics of the acoustic component in the vehicle are particularly important, and the sound absorption and insulation characteristics of the acoustic component in the vehicle are mainly influenced by the material of the acoustic component, so that the sound absorption and insulation characteristics of the material for manufacturing the acoustic component in the vehicle need to be tested and judged.
Generally speaking, requirements for acoustic properties of materials are divided into sound absorption and sound insulation, two different systems are required to be used for testing respectively, and quality judgment is performed according to each performance index of the systems. Such as the sound absorption rate at normal incidence, the sound absorption rate at the upper test box, the transmission loss, the insertion loss and other performance indexes. Although the test result is accurate and credible, the following problems exist: 1. sound absorption and sound insulation properties need different equipment to be correspondingly tested and are difficult to prepare; 2. the corresponding test analysis equipment has large investment, large floor area, heavy weight and poor mobility and portability; 3. the testing process is complicated and lengthy, and the requirement on professional quality of a measuring staff is high; 4. the test sample is required to be large in size and good in flatness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art, and provides a material acoustic evaluation device and a material acoustic evaluation method.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a material acoustics evaluation device, includes bottom open-ended test box, open-top's lower test box, is used for placing the sample layer board and the data storage reading terminal of the sample that awaits measuring, test box, sample layer board, last test box stack from up in proper order down, just the sample layer board will go up test box and test box down separate into two inclosed cavitys, and the sound propagation environment in two cavitys is unanimous, upward install the excitation source in the test box, install down the excitation source in the test box down, go up the top of test box and install wireless sound collector. And the wireless sound collector transmits data to the data storage and reading terminal through signal communication.
Furthermore, the inner walls of the upper test box and the lower test box are uniformly distributed with sound reflection material layers or sound attenuation material layers.
Furthermore, a clamping groove is formed in the bottom of the upper test box, and the sample supporting plate is clamped in the clamping groove.
Further, the upper excitation source and the lower excitation source are bluetooth speakers.
Preferably, the wireless sound collector is a bluetooth microphone.
Preferably, the upper and lower test boxes are rectangular.
Preferably, the outer walls of the lower test chamber and the lower test chamber are coated with an acoustic felt.
The material acoustic evaluation method using the material acoustic evaluation device comprises the following steps
Step S10, device connection preparation: taking a data storage and reading terminal, connecting the wireless sound collector with the data storage and reading terminal through Bluetooth communication, and respectively connecting the mobile terminal with an excitation source through Bluetooth communication;
step S21, sound absorption test of the first sample to be tested: the method comprises the steps that a first sample to be tested is flatly laid on a sample supporting plate, an upper excitation source located in an upper test box is opened, the lower test box, the sample supporting plate and the upper test box are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, white noise stored in a mobile terminal is played in a clicking mode, the upper excitation source is opened to emit the white noise, and sound pressure data SPL1 of the first sample to be tested are obtained through a data storage reading terminal;
step S22, sound absorption testing of a second sample to be tested: spreading the second sample to be detected on the sample supporting plate, repeating the step S21, and obtaining sound pressure data SPL2 of the second sample to be detected through a data storage reading terminal;
step S23, comparing the sound pressure data of the first sample to be tested with the sound pressure data of the second sample to be tested, if SPL1 is greater than SPL2, the sound absorption of the first sample to be tested is lower than that of the second sample to be tested, if SPL1= SPL2, the sound absorption of the first sample to be tested is the same as that of the second sample to be tested, and if SPL1 is less than SPL2, the sound absorption of the first sample to be tested is better than that of the second sample to be tested;
step S31, sound insulation test of the first sample to be tested: directly paving a first sample to be tested on a sample supporting plate, opening a lower excitation source positioned in a lower testing box, sequentially stacking the lower testing box, the sample supporting plate and an upper testing box from bottom to top, playing 1/3 frequency doubling or full-band white noise stored on a mobile terminal, enabling the lower excitation source to emit 1/3 frequency doubling or full-band white noise, and obtaining sound pressure data SPL3 of the first sample to be tested through a data storage reading terminal;
step S32, sound insulation test of the second sample to be tested: directly paving the second sample to be detected on the sample supporting plate, repeating the step S21, and obtaining the sound pressure data SPL4 of the second sample to be detected through the data storage reading terminal;
and S33, comparing the sound pressure data of the first sample to be tested with the sound pressure data of the second sample to be tested, if SPL3 is larger than SPL4, the sound insulation of the first sample to be tested is lower than that of the second sample to be tested, if SPL3= SPL4, the sound insulation of the first sample to be tested is the same as that of the second sample to be tested, and if SPL3 is smaller than SPL4, the sound insulation of the first sample to be tested is good as that of the second sample to be tested.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the evaluation of the sound absorption and sound insulation of the material is realized through a set of device; the device has simple structure, small volume, small occupied area, portability, convenient movement and transportation and good portability; the required size of the test sample is small, and small test samples are easy to flatten; the testing method is simple, and the testing evaluation can be completed by the measuring personnel only through simple training.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an acoustic evaluation apparatus for materials in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an upper test chamber in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lower test chamber in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample pallet in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "opening," "upper," "lower," "thickness," "top," "middle," "length," "inner," "peripheral," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced component or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a material acoustic evaluation device includes an upper test box 1 with an opening at the bottom, a lower test box 3 with an opening at the top, and a sample supporting plate 2, wherein the lower test box 3, the sample supporting plate 2, and the upper test box 1 are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, the sample supporting plate 2 separates the upper test box 1 and the lower test box 3 into two closed areas, an upper excitation source 4 and a wireless sound collector 6 are arranged in the upper test box 1, a lower excitation source 3 is arranged in the lower test box, and sound propagation environments in the upper test box 1 and the lower test box 3 are consistent.
Go up test box 1 and include the first cavity 12 of bottom open-ended cuboid box-type, fixedly mounted has sound-proof felt 11 on each lateral surface of sound reflection material layer 13 first cavity 12 on each inside wall of first cavity 12.
As another preferred embodiment, a sound damping material layer can be fixedly mounted on each inner side wall of the first cavity 12, since the device adopts a comparative evaluation, and the sound absorption comparative evaluation can also be carried out in a sound damping environment.
The bottom of the upper test box 1 is provided with a clamping groove 14, and the sample supporting plate 2 is clamped in the clamping groove 14, so that the sample supporting plate is aligned with the upper test box 1 and the lower test box 3 conveniently.
The upper excitation source 4 and the lower excitation source 5 are both Bluetooth sound devices so as to realize Bluetooth communication connection with the mobile terminal with the stored test noise. The wireless sound collector 6 is a Bluetooth microphone to realize Bluetooth communication connection with a data storage and reading terminal with a Bluetooth communication module, wherein sound pressure level monitoring software is preset in the data storage and reading terminal, so that sound pressure data collected by the wireless sound collector can be read out visually.
The upper test box 1 and the lower test box 2 are cuboid, and each side length is less than 40 cm.
A material acoustic evaluation method using the material acoustic evaluation device comprises the following steps:
step S10, device connection preparation: a data storage reading terminal with a Bluetooth communication module and a mobile terminal with test noise are installed, the wireless sound collector 6 is connected with the data storage reading terminal through Bluetooth communication, and the mobile terminal is respectively connected with the upper excitation source 4 and the lower excitation source 5 through Bluetooth communication;
step S21, sound absorption test of the first sample to be tested: the method comprises the steps that a first sample to be tested is flatly laid on a sample supporting plate, an upper excitation source located in an upper test box is opened, the lower test box, the sample supporting plate and the upper test box are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, white noise stored on a mobile terminal is played in a clicking mode, the upper excitation source emits the white noise, and sound pressure data SPL1 of the first sample to be tested is obtained through analysis of a data storage reading terminal;
step S22, sound absorption testing of a second sample to be tested: the second sample to be tested is flatly laid on the sample supporting plate, an upper excitation source in an upper test box is opened, the lower test box, the sample supporting plate and the upper test box are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, white noise stored on the mobile terminal is played in a clicking mode, the upper excitation source emits the white noise, and sound pressure data SPL2 of the second sample to be tested is obtained through analysis of a data storage reading terminal;
step S23, comparing the sound pressure data of the first sample to be tested with the sound pressure data of the second sample to be tested, if SPL1 is greater than SPL2, the sound absorption of the first sample to be tested is lower than that of the second sample to be tested, if SPL1= SPL2, the sound absorption of the first sample to be tested is the same as that of the second sample to be tested, and if SPL1 is less than SPL2, the sound absorption of the first sample to be tested is better than that of the second sample to be tested;
step S31, sound insulation test of the first sample to be tested: directly paving a first sample to be tested on a sample supporting plate, opening a lower excitation source positioned in a lower testing box, sequentially stacking the lower testing box, the sample supporting plate and an upper testing box from bottom to top, clicking 1/3 frequency doubling or full-band white noise stored on a playing mobile terminal to enable the lower excitation source to emit 1/3 frequency doubling or full-band white noise, and analyzing by using a data storage reading terminal to obtain sound pressure data SPL3 of the first sample to be tested;
step S32, sound insulation test of the second sample to be tested: directly paving a second sample to be tested on a sample supporting plate, opening a lower excitation source positioned in a lower testing box, sequentially stacking the lower testing box, the sample supporting plate and an upper testing box from bottom to top, clicking 1/3 frequency doubling or full-band white noise stored on a playing mobile terminal to enable the lower excitation source to emit 1/3 frequency doubling or full-band white noise, and analyzing by using a data storage reading terminal to obtain sound pressure data SPL4 of the second sample to be tested;
and S33, comparing the sound pressure data of the first sample to be tested with the sound pressure data of the second sample to be tested, if SPL3 is larger than SPL4, the sound insulation of the first sample to be tested is lower than that of the second sample to be tested, if SPL3= SPL4, the sound insulation of the first sample to be tested is the same as that of the second sample to be tested, and if SPL3 is smaller than SPL4, the sound insulation of the first sample to be tested is good as that of the second sample to be tested.
In the above embodiment, the test box can be simulated into an environment in an automobile, such as a reverberation chamber, each test box can be selectively placed with a plurality of excitation sources according to actual conditions, so as to test the sound absorption characteristics and the sound insulation characteristics of acoustic components in the automobile, but analysis of different properties of the same set of sample can be realized only by technical means of arranging two sets of sound production systems in two spaces, corresponding test analysis equipment has small investment, required resources are easy to obtain, the floor area of the test equipment is small, desktop placement can be realized, staff can complete test evaluation after simple training by optimizing the design and test flow of the test equipment, the sample installation is convenient, the test is simple and quick, the whole test can be completed within 2 minutes, the conclusion of the noise reduction effect of the material can be directly obtained by the test, and different materials have different noise reduction effects, the numerical values can be directly compared and judged, and the device is light, detachable, combined and good in mobility.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. A material acoustic evaluation apparatus characterized by: including bottom open-ended last test box, open-top's lower test box, be used for placing the sample layer board of the sample that awaits measuring, the mobile terminal and the data storage reading terminal that the storage has the test noise, test box, sample layer board, last test box stack from up in proper order down, just the sample layer board will last test box separates into two inclosed cavitys with lower test box, and the sound propagation environment in two cavitys is unanimous, install the excitation source in going up the test box, install down the excitation source in the test box down, go up the top of test box and install wireless sound collector, wireless sound collector passes through signal communication transmission data extremely data storage reading terminal, mobile terminal respectively with go up excitation source and excitation source signal communication hookup down.
2. The material acoustic evaluation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: and sound reflection material layers or sound attenuation material layers are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the upper test box and the lower test box.
3. The material acoustic evaluation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of going up the test box is provided with the draw-in groove, the sample layer board card is in the draw-in groove.
4. The material acoustic evaluation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper excitation source and the lower excitation source are Bluetooth sound devices.
5. The material acoustic evaluation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wireless sound collector is a Bluetooth microphone.
6. The material acoustic evaluation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper test box and the lower test box are cuboid.
7. The material acoustic evaluation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer walls of the lower test box and the lower test box are coated with sound insulation felts.
8. A material acoustic evaluation method using the material acoustic evaluation apparatus according to claim 1 ~ 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step S10, device connection preparation: taking a data storage and reading terminal, connecting the wireless sound collector with the data storage and reading terminal through Bluetooth communication, and respectively connecting the mobile terminal with an excitation source through Bluetooth communication;
step S21, sound absorption test of the first sample to be tested: the method comprises the steps that a first sample to be tested is flatly laid on a sample supporting plate, an upper excitation source located in an upper test box is opened, the lower test box, the sample supporting plate and the upper test box are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, white noise stored in a mobile terminal is played in a clicking mode, the upper excitation source is opened to emit the white noise, and sound pressure data SPL1 of the first sample to be tested are obtained through a data storage reading terminal;
step S22, sound absorption testing of a second sample to be tested: spreading the second sample to be detected on the sample supporting plate, repeating the step S21, and obtaining sound pressure data SPL2 of the second sample to be detected through a data storage reading terminal;
step S23, comparing the sound pressure data of the first sample to be tested with the sound pressure data of the second sample to be tested, if SPL1 is greater than SPL2, the sound absorption of the first sample to be tested is lower than that of the second sample to be tested, if SPL1= SPL2, the sound absorption of the first sample to be tested is the same as that of the second sample to be tested, and if SPL1 is less than SPL2, the sound absorption of the first sample to be tested is better than that of the second sample to be tested;
step S31, sound insulation test of the first sample to be tested: directly paving a first sample to be tested on a sample supporting plate, opening a lower excitation source positioned in a lower testing box, sequentially stacking the lower testing box, the sample supporting plate and an upper testing box from bottom to top, playing 1/3 frequency doubling or full-band white noise stored on a mobile terminal, enabling the lower excitation source to emit 1/3 frequency doubling or full-band white noise, and obtaining sound pressure data SPL3 of the first sample to be tested through a data storage reading terminal;
step S32, sound insulation test of the second sample to be tested: directly paving the second sample to be detected on the sample supporting plate, repeating the step S21, and obtaining the sound pressure data SPL4 of the second sample to be detected through the data storage reading terminal;
and S33, comparing the sound pressure data of the first sample to be tested with the sound pressure data of the second sample to be tested, if SPL3 is larger than SPL4, the sound insulation of the first sample to be tested is lower than that of the second sample to be tested, if SPL3= SPL4, the sound insulation of the first sample to be tested is the same as that of the second sample to be tested, and if SPL3 is smaller than SPL4, the sound insulation of the first sample to be tested is good as that of the second sample to be tested.
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| CN111983033A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-24 | 无锡吉兴汽车声学部件科技有限公司 | Acoustic material high-frequency noise reduction performance testing equipment and evaluation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111983033A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-24 | 无锡吉兴汽车声学部件科技有限公司 | Acoustic material high-frequency noise reduction performance testing equipment and evaluation method |
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