CN110714743B - Method for improving coal bed gas recovery ratio and coal mine safety production - Google Patents
Method for improving coal bed gas recovery ratio and coal mine safety production Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 70
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for injecting CO into a coal bed in the coal bed gas exploitation stage2Improving the recovery ratio of coal bed gas and simultaneously controlling the CH of the coal bed4A method for avoiding later coal mining explosion accidents by concentration. The method comprises the following steps: determining coal bed CO for realizing coal mine safety production2Critical implantation concentration; establishing CO for realizing coal mine safety production2A critical injection quantity calculation model; according to CO2Critical injection amount, determining CO for obtaining optimal coal bed gas extraction degree by using numerical simulation method2The injection speed. The invention relies on CO2The replacement effect on the coal bed gas can effectively improve the recovery ratio of the coal bed gas, and the methane which is not exploited is prevented from directly escaping to the atmosphere during coal mining to the maximum extent on the basis of energy conservation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of safety production, in particular to a method for improving the recovery ratio of coal bed gas and realizing safety production of a coal mine.
Background
In order to avoid that a large amount of coal bed gas is dissipated in the air to aggravate the greenhouse effect in the coal mining process, coal bed gas resources are effectively utilized, and the coal bed gas development is needed before coal mining. However, the recovery ratio of the coal bed gas reservoir developed by adopting the conventional drainage and depressurization mode is low: the highest recovery ratio of the Panzhuang block in the Qinhui basin in China is not more than 70 percent, and the recovery ratio of the coal bed gas in the Saint Hu' an basin in the United states is close to 80 percent. When the coal mining operation is carried out in the later period, the gas concentration of the coal seam is high and is within the explosion limit range, and gas explosion accidents are easy to happen.
Aiming at the prevention and control of gas explosion accidents, the current effective gas barrier explosion-proof technologies comprise passive gas barrier explosion-proof technologies (such as rock powder spreading explosion-proof technology, rock powder shed technology, explosion-proof water tank technology, water bag technology, water curtain technology, porous material technology and the like) and automatic gas barrier explosion-proof technologies. However, the investigation result of the students such as Wei and the like shows that the passive flame-proof technology enables the flame-proof material to act through the action of the shock wave, the shock wave is not prejudged, the flame-retardant material of the flame-proof material needs to be replaced regularly, and the restriction of environmental influence factors is large. The automatic explosion-blocking technology is easily influenced by external environment to generate false operation; it only has the function of blocking the explosion flame, and can not reduce the shock wave pressure and reduce the destructive power. The same results were obtained from the research by Cao et al. In addition, the set of technology can take reaction measures after the gas is exploded or combusted, and does not really prevent the explosion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe production method which can maximally prevent unexplored methane from directly escaping into the atmosphere during coal mining on the basis of energy conservation.
The invention provides a method for improving the recovery ratio of coal bed gas and the safety production of a coal mine, which comprises the following steps:
Determining coal bed CO for realizing coal mine safety production2Critical implantation concentration;
establishing CO for realizing coal mine safety production2A critical injection quantity calculation model;
determining CO for obtaining optimal coal bed gas extraction degree2The injection speed.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
determining coal bed CO for realizing coal mine safety production2The critical implant concentration may include,
CO for realizing coal mine safety production is calculated by adopting the following formula2Critical implantation concentration:
in the formula, m is N2/CO2The volume fraction of the system in the mixed gas, wherein n is the volume fraction of air in the mixed gas;
establishing CO for realizing coal mine safety production2The critical injection quantity calculation model includes the model,
by using CO2Critical implantation amount V ofinjcComprises the following steps:
Vres＝Vo-Vp，
in the formula, VoIs the original geological reserve of coal bed gas, VpTo accumulate the volume of CH4 taken at standard conditions, the LEL is the lower explosive limit of the system.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
determining and obtaining CO of the best coal bed gas extraction degree2The implantation rate comprises the following steps,
modeling a coal bed gas block;
on the basis of the production historical data of the blocks, predicting the production dynamics of block development by using a model;
by CH4As a measure of CO2CO determination of optimal coalbed methane production degree by index of optimal injection speed 2The injection speed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1 in the process of CO2When injecting, as long as ensuring CO in the coal bed at the end of the development of the coal bed gas2Concentration of not less than CO2The critical injection concentration can avoid the occurrence of explosion accidents during the later coal mining.
2 the invention proposes to inject CO in the development stage of the coal bed gas reservoir2The method dilutes the methane concentration in the coal bed, controls the methane concentration to be beyond the explosion limit, and reduces the possibility of gas explosion.
3 by CO2The replacement effect on the coal bed gas can effectively improve the recovery ratio of the coal bed gas, and the methane which is not exploited is prevented from directly escaping to the atmosphere during coal mining to the maximum extent on the basis of energy conservation.
4 injecting CO into the coal seam, unlike pure CO2-ECBM2To control CH4Concentration for purposes of using CH4Is carried out with the safe concentration of2Controlling the injection amount, and simultaneously realizing CH based on the control4And (4) improving the recovery ratio.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a prediction result of a model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows different COs according to an embodiment of the present invention2Day at injection speedGas production schematic.
FIG. 3 shows different COs according to an embodiment of the present invention2And (4) a gas production accumulated diagram under the injection speed.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Studies show that CO2As an inert gas, it can reduce the specific heat of combustible gas, so that it can reduce flame temperature and combustion speed during explosion, and has good explosion-suppressing effect, and CO2In CO2And CH4In the mixed system, when the concentration reaches a certain value, CH4The upper and lower explosion limits of (2) coincide. In addition CO2Has quite strong adsorption capacity and can replace CH4Is adsorbed in the coal seam. Based on CO2The invention provides a method for adopting CO injection in the development stage of a coal bed gas reservoir2The method comprises the steps of diluting the methane concentration in the coal bed, controlling the methane concentration to be beyond the explosion limit, and reducing the gas explosion possibility; in addition, rely on CO2The replacement effect on the coal bed gas can effectively improve the recovery ratio of the coal bed gas, and the methane which is not exploited is prevented from directly escaping to the atmosphere during coal mining to the maximum extent on the basis of energy conservation. With pure CO2Different ECBM, CO injection into the coal seam2To control CH4Concentration for purposes of using CH4Is carried out with the safe concentration of2Controlling the injection amount, and simultaneously realizing CH based on the control4And (4) improving the recovery ratio.
Using N of Wang et al2/CO2An explosion limit calculation model of a methane and air mixed system defines and deduces maintaining CH 4CO concentration within a safe range2The critical implant concentration. And according to the gas reservoir engineering theory, the calculation of CO is established2Mathematical modeling of the critical implant volume. Taking a coal bed gas block in China as an example, the CO of the block is calculated2Critical injection amount, extraction degree as evaluation index, and numerical simulation method for optimizing CO2The injection rate of (c). Simultaneously realizes the optimal explosion suppression effect and CH of the coal mine4The highest yield.
Following CO of the invention2The determination of the critical implant concentration is illustrated.
According to N2/CO2/CH4The explosion limit calculation formula of the mixed system is as follows:
in the formula, m is N2/CO2The volume fraction of the system in the mixed gas; phi is ac(CH4) Is the methane critical volume fraction; UEL and LEL are respectively the upper explosion limit and the lower explosion limit of the system.
And phic(CH4) calculation formula:
in the formula, phic(N2) Is the volume ratio of nitrogen to carbon dioxide.
The volume fraction of air in the mixed gas is n percent; the air only contains N2And O2And the ratio of each is 79% and 21%.
Then:
further, the mixed gas includes:
UEL+m+0.21n＝100 (5)
LEL+m+0.21n＝100 (6)
consider the limit case: when air just enters the coal bed, if the methane concentration is not enough to cause no explosion (namely, less than the lower explosion limit), the air continuously flows into the coal bed, the methane concentration is further reduced, and the explosion is avoided. Therefore, the critical situation where air can explode upon entering the coal seam is discussed. Assuming that the methane concentration at this time reaches the lower explosion limit LEL and complete combustion is performed at the time of explosion, the explosion follows the following chemical reaction equation:
CH4+2O2＝CO2+2H2O (7)
According to avogalois' law, gases of the same number of moles have the same volume at a given temperature and pressure. Thus, the volume fraction of air is:
n＝2×LEL/0.21 (8)
by combining the formulas (2), (4), (6) and (8), m, n, LEL and phi can be respectively calculatedc(CH4) The value of (c). Therefore, the explosion is avoided, and the CO produced safely in the coal mine is realized2The critical implant concentration can be calculated from equation (9):
calculated CO at normal temperature and normal pressure2Critical implantation concentration phic(CO2) The content was 7.98%. The calculated result is determined by experiments with other scholars, and CO which prevents the mixed system from exploding2The concentration values are very similar.
In the process of CO2When injecting, as long as ensuring CO in the coal bed at the end of the development of the coal bed gas2Concentration of not less than CO2The critical injection concentration can avoid the occurrence of explosion accidents during the later coal mining.
Following CO of the invention2The determination of the critical implantation amount will be explained.
In coal mining, the explosive gas in the coal seam is CO2/CH4Mixed system of/air, CO2The safe concentration of (A) is to the residual CH in the coal bed at the last stage of the development of the coal bed gas4In other words. Thus, CO2The injection amount of the coal bed gas reservoir and the residual geological reserve and CO at the end of the development of the coal bed gas reservoir2Is concerned with the implant concentration.
Suppose that the original geological reserve of coal bed gas is V during the development of a coal bed gas reservoir oAt the end of the development of coal bed gas, CH is cumulatively produced4Volume under standard conditions is Vp. Then CH4The remaining geological reserves of (a):
Vres＝Vo-Vp (9)
if according to CO2Is injected at a critical concentration of CO2Critical implantation amount V ofinjcComprises the following steps:
it is necessary to point out CO2The critical injection amount of (A) is CO under standard conditions2The volume is injected. To achieve safe production, CH must be allowed4The concentration is kept within a safe concentration range, namely, the CO injection is satisfied2Quantity:
Vinj≥Vinjc (11)
carrying out CO2Control of the amount of injection, i.e. ensuring CH4The concentration is less than LEL, so that the gas explosion accident is prevented.
In actual coal bed gas reservoir development, original address reserves V of coal bed gasoIs a known quantity that is substantially deterministic. And VpRelated to the production life. A certain production life span, VpNamely, the determination can be carried out by methods such as numerical reservoir simulation and the like. LEL, m and n are related to factors such as pressure and temperature of mixed gas, and can be obtained by inquiring NIST chemical tool books according to conditions such as temperature and pressure of an actual coal mine.
The method for determining the optimum injection rate according to the present invention will be described below.
In the development stage of the coal bed gas reservoir, factors such as replacement efficiency, economic benefit and the like are considered, and CO is required to be treated2The injection rate was investigated. CO per unit time2Is injected with CO in an amount of2Injection velocity, which determines CH 4The speed of the gas stripping from the surface of the matrix and the change into free gas is determined, thereby determining the gas production speed of the coal seam. CO 22Excessive injection speed will cause reservoir pressure to rise, and is not beneficial to residual CH on the surface of the substrate4Desorbing;too low an injection rate will result in insufficient displacement, which affects the extent of coal bed methane production. The optimal CO can be preferably selected by using the extraction degree of the coal bed gas as an evaluation standard and adopting a numerical simulation method2The injection speed.
The following is a description of the specific implementation and advantageous effects of the present invention by a specific example.
Taking a coal bed methane block in China as an example, the area of the block is 39.444km2And a No. 3 stopable coal seam is arranged, the average buried depth of the bottom plate of the 3 good coal seams in the block is 321m, and the average thickness is about 6.24 m. The geological reserve of the block coal bed gas is 36.12 multiplied by 108m3Abundance of reserves 0.92X 108m3·km-2. The block begins coalbed methane production at 6 months 2010. In order to obtain the accumulated gas production of the block, a numerical simulation method is adopted to model the block, and the model parameters are as follows:
TABLE 1 model parameter Table
And predicting the production dynamics of the block until 2021 year by using a model based on the production history data of the block. The prediction results of the model are shown in fig. 1:
The coal bed gas reservoir is developed for about 10 years and enters a coal mining stage. According to the prediction result of the model, the gas production amount V is accumulated when the block is developed for 10 yearspUp to 10.46X 108m3. Then the remaining geological reserve VresIs 25.66X 108m3. Considering the conditions under normal temperature and normal pressure, LEL, m and n are calculated as follows: 8.74, 73.77, 83.28, calculating the CO of the block according to the formula (10)2The critical implantation amount is: 23.43X 108m3。
Using numerical simulation method to treat CO2The injection rate was investigated. In the study block, a model of 800m × 800m × 6m is cut out centered on a certain production well. Adopting a five-point method well pattern with the well spacing of 300m multiplied by 300m to carry out CO2Study of injection velocityThe implantation speed is 2000m3D to 20000m3Five injection schemes of/d:
TABLE 2 different CO2Injection rate comparison scheme
The curves of daily gas production and cumulative gas production within 16 years are predicted and calculated by using the model and are shown in figures 2 and 3.
The curves show that CO is injected2The gas production is obviously higher than that of the non-injected CO2Gas production in time, indicating CO2After injection into the coal bed, adsorption of CH on the surface of the substrate4Is replaced to reduce the CH of the coal bed4Concentration, increase CH4The effect of the recovery factor. The daily gas production and the accumulated gas production increase with the increase of the injection speed, and when the injection speed is 14000m 3When the injection speed is increased, the daily gas production reaches a peak value, and then, the daily gas production is reduced along with the increase of the injection speed. When the injection speed reaches 14000m3Before/d, CH as the injection rate increases4Is continuously replaced, and the injection speed reaches 14000m3The substitution efficiency is highest at/d. Thereafter, as the injection rate increases, a small amount of CH4Although it will also be displaced, the reservoir pressure rises for CH4The negative influence caused by the separation from the surface of the matrix is larger than the pushing effect caused by the replacement process, and the gas production rate does not rise or fall reversely. By CH4As a measure of CO2An indication of the optimal implant rate. In this region, CO is injected2The numerical simulation results of the mining degree after 10 years of development are as follows:
TABLE 3 different CO2Extent of extraction of injection velocity
Because the geological condition of the block is poor, the water content is large, and the formation water is active, the drainage and depressurization time is long, and the block growsAfter 10 th of birth, the extraction degree is low. This is also the reason why the recovery ratio is lower in the coal bed gas blocks in our country compared with the coal bed gas reservoirs such as saint-huan basin in the united states. Thus, in the example, 14000m3The injection rate of/d is the optimum injection rate.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of the examples, but is capable of achieving the purpose of avoiding the direct escape of unexplored methane into the atmosphere during the coal mining process, on the basis of the invention, and it is apparent that modifications and improvements can be made on the basis of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations as fall within the true spirit of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for injecting carbon dioxide and simultaneously realizing the improvement of the recovery ratio of coal bed gas and the safe production of a coal mine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining coal bed CO for realizing coal mine safety production2Critical implantation concentration;
establishing CO for realizing coal mine safety production2A critical injection quantity calculation model;
determining CO for obtaining optimal coal bed gas extraction degree2The injection speed;
determining coal bed CO for realizing coal mine safety production2The critical implant concentration may include,
CO for realizing coal mine safety production is calculated by adopting the following formula2Critical implantation concentration:
in the formula, m is N2/CO2The volume fraction of the system in the mixed gas, wherein n is the volume fraction of air in the assumed mixed gas;
establishing CO for realizing coal mine safety production2The critical injection quantity calculation model includes the model,
by using CO2Critical implantation of VinjcThe amount is:
Vres＝Vo-Vp，
in the formula, VoIs the original geological reserve of coal bed gas, VpFor cumulatively extracting CH4Volume under standard conditions, LEL is the lower explosive limit of the system;
in the formula, m is N2/CO2The volume fraction of the system in the mixed gas; phi is ac(CH4) Is the methane critical volume fraction; UEL and LEL are respectively the upper explosion limit and the lower explosion limit of the system;
setting the volume fraction of air in the mixed gas as n percent; the air only contains N 2And O2And the ratio of each is 79 percent and 21 percent;
then:
further, the mixed gas includes:
UEL+m+0.21n＝100
LEL+m+0.21n＝100
the volume fraction of air is:
n＝2×LEL/0.21
respectively calculate m, n, LEL, phic(CH4) The value of (c).
2. The method for injecting carbon dioxide while achieving enhanced coal bed methane recovery and coal mine safety production as claimed in claim 1,
determining and obtaining CO of the best coal bed gas extraction degree2The implantation rate comprises the following steps,
modeling a coal bed gas block;
on the basis of the production historical data of the blocks, predicting the production dynamics of block development by using a model;
by CH4As a measure of CO2CO determination of optimal coalbed methane production degree by index of optimal injection speed2The injection speed.
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| CN102937016A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-20 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for enhancing recovery ratio of coal-bed gas by injecting hot carbon dioxide into coal bed |
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| US5388642A (en) * | 1993-11-03 | 1995-02-14 | Amoco Corporation | Coalbed methane recovery using membrane separation of oxygen from air |
| US20080115933A1 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-22 | Frank Robert Wilson | Method and apparatus for maintaining or restoring a decreasing production from a hydrocarbon or gas well |
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| CN102937016A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-20 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for enhancing recovery ratio of coal-bed gas by injecting hot carbon dioxide into coal bed |
| CN103148888A (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2013-06-12 | 西南石油大学 | High temperature and high pressure drainage dynamic evaluation system for coal bed and gas reservoir double-layer commingled production |
| CN108661603A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-16 | 西南石油大学 | Nitrogen injection induces coal seam and improves Methane Recovery Recovery method from transformation |
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