CN110714120A - Beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation - Google Patents
Beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110714120A CN110714120A CN201910943911.0A CN201910943911A CN110714120A CN 110714120 A CN110714120 A CN 110714120A CN 201910943911 A CN201910943911 A CN 201910943911A CN 110714120 A CN110714120 A CN 110714120A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/12—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic alkaline solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 288 to 96 percent of Ca (OH), 0 to 10 percent of NaOH, 0.5 to 2.5 percent of oxidant, 0.5 to 2.5 percent of anti-scaling agent and 0.5 to 2.5 percent of dispersant; the oxidant consists of calcium peroxide and potassium permanganate; the anti-scaling agent consists of sodium tetrapolyphosphate and sodium citrate. The mineral processing aid disclosed by the invention can keep the original function of adjusting the alkalinity of ore pulp, can slow down scaling, improve the dispersibility of a medicament, prolong the service life of activated adsorption carbon, improve the gold selection rate and gold selection efficiency, has the advantages of low toxicity, environmental friendliness, lower cost and the like, and has a wide application prospect in the gold mineral processing industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gold beneficiation, in particular to a beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation.
Background
Gold is a soft, golden, corrosion resistant precious metal, one of the rarest, most precious and most appreciated by people, is chemically stable, has strong corrosion resistance, can be traded as a precious metal, and can also be used in the fields of high-precision equipment, weapon manufacturing and the like. The existing gold ore dressing methods mainly comprise flotation, gravity separation, cyanidation and the like. More than 85% of gold in the world is extracted by a cyanidation method, and the technology is mature. The cyanidation process has the advantages of high gold extracting rate, high ore adaptability, simple process, in-situ gold production, low cost, etc. However, the cyanidation process suffers from the following disadvantages: cyanide is extremely toxic and causes serious harm to the ecological environment, personal safety, agriculture, animal husbandry, fishery and the like; the leaching speed of gold is slow, and the leaching process is easily interfered by impurities such as copper, iron, lead, zinc, arsenic, sulfur and the like.
The heap leaching method is that fine ore particles and protective alkali (lime) are mixed and piled on an impervious ground (leaching pad), the solution of cyanide or non-toxic gold extracting agent is sprinkled on the ore heap, when the solution slowly passes through the ore heap from top to bottom (percolation), gold dissolution occurs, gold-containing solution (pregnant solution) flowing out from the bottom surface is sent to deposit precious metals, and the cyanide solution or non-toxic gold extracting solution (barren solution) after gold removal is returned to the spray ore heap for recycling. The gold piling method has the advantages of simple process, less equipment, less investment, quick effect, low production cost and the like.
In gold beneficiation, in order to adjust the alkalinity of ore pulp and reduce beneficiation cost, CaOH is generally used as a beneficiation auxiliary agent for adjusting the alkalinity of the ore pulp. The non-sodium cyanide gold dressing agent in the current market partially contains carbonate ions, sulfate ions and the like. In the ore dressing process, carbon dioxide in the air is slightly dissolved into ore pulp to form carbonate ions. Since Ca (OH) 2 and carbonate ions, sulfate ions and the like form calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate precipitation scaling, the following adverse effects are caused: firstly, the surface of the pile-drenched raw ore is easy to harden, and the ore dressing agent is prevented from smoothly seeping; secondly, the transfusion or spraying pipeline and the nozzle are easy to be blocked due to scaling deposition; thirdly, the deposition scale is attached to the surface of the ore particles to prevent the contact of the ore dressing agent and the ore particles, so that the ore dressing efficiency is reduced; fourthly, the deposition scale is attached to the surface of the active adsorption carbon to block the active adsorption carbon holes, and the adsorption efficiency and the service life of the active adsorption carbon are reduced.
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation. The auxiliary agent keeps the original function of adjusting the alkalinity of ore pulp, can slow down scaling, improve the dispersibility of a medicament, prolong the service life of active adsorption carbon and improve the ore dressing efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 288 to 96 percent of Ca (OH), 0 to 10 percent of NaOH, 0.5 to 2.5 percent of oxidant, 0.5 to 2.5 percent of anti-scaling agent and 0.5 to 2.5 percent of dispersant; the oxidant consists of calcium peroxide CaO2 and potassium permanganate KMnO 4; the anti-scaling agent is composed of sodium tetrapolyphosphate Na6P4O13And sodium citrate Na3C6H5O7And (4) forming. Sodium lignosulfonate C as dispersant20H24Na2O10S2。
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium tetrapolyphosphate to the sodium citrate in the anti-scaling agent is 1: 1-4.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the calcium peroxide to the potassium permanganate in the oxidant is 2-4: 1.
The application of the beneficiation auxiliary agent of the invention is as follows: the beneficiation auxiliary agent can be used in combination with a sodium cyanide beneficiation agent or a beneficiation agent consisting of carbonized sodium cyanurate and sodium carbonate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the beneficiation auxiliary agent provided by the invention takes Ca (OH) 2 as a main raw material, and NaOH, an anti-scaling agent, a dispersing agent and an oxidizing agent are added for compounding, so that the original function of adjusting the alkalinity of ore pulp can be maintained, scaling can be slowed down, the dispersibility of a medicament can be improved, the service life of active adsorption carbon can be prolonged, the gold selection rate and the gold selection efficiency can be improved, and the beneficiation auxiliary agent has the advantages of low toxicity, environmental protection, lower cost and the like, and has a wide application prospect in the gold beneficiation industry.
2. The anti-scaling agent consisting of sodium tetrapolyphosphate and sodium citrate is added into the mineral processing auxiliary agent, can be complexed with Ca, Mg and Fe ions, can solve or relieve the scaling problem commonly existing on the surface of an ore heap in the heap leaching process, and improves the permeability of the mineral processing agent in the ore during the mineral processing process, thereby indirectly improving the gold extraction rate and the gold extraction efficiency.
3. The sodium lignosulfonate dispersant is added into the auxiliary agent of the mineral processing agent, so that the permeability of the mineral processing agent is improved, the dispersibility of impurity ions in a leaching solution of the anti-scaling agent in an anti-scaling process is enhanced, the scaling is further prevented, the contact chance of a gold leaching agent and gold is enhanced, and the capability of further improving the leaching rate is achieved.
4. The invention adds the oxidant composed of calcium peroxide and potassium permanganate into the mineral processing auxiliary agent, which can play a role of reducing some of the refractory ores possibly in the leaching liquid, and reduces the gold dissolved in the solution to low-valent ions in the ore heap again for oxidation, thereby achieving the effect of improving the leaching rate of the refractory gold ores.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
Example 1
The beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ca (OH)289.5%、NaOH5%、KMnO41%、CaO21.5%、Na6P4O131%、Na3C6H5O71% and C20H24Na2O10S21%。
Example 2
The beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ca (OH)291.5%、NaOH3%、KMnO40.5%、CaO21.5%、Na6P4O130.5%、Na3C6H5O71.5% and C20H24Na2O10S21.5%。
Example 3
The beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ca (OH)294.5%、NaOH4%、KMnO40.25%、CaO21%、Na6P4O130.25%、Na3C6H5O70.5% and C20H24Na2O10S20.5%。
Example 4
The beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ca (OH)290.5%、NaOH3.5%、KMnO41%、CaO21.5%、Na6P4O131%、Na3C6H5O71.5% and C20H24Na2O10S21%。
Example 5
The beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ca (OH)290%、NaOH 7%、KMnO40.5%、CaO20.5%、Na6P4O130.5%、Na3C6H5O71% and C20H24Na2O10S20.5%。
Example 6
The beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ca (OH)295%、NaOH 2%、KMnO40.25%、CaO20.25%、Na6P4O130.5%、Na3C6H5O71% and C20H24Na2O10S21%。
Comparison test of gold dressing rate and gold dressing efficiency
The beneficiation auxiliary obtained in the above example 1 is combined with a gold beneficiation agent A to carry out a gold beneficiation efficiency comparison test. Wherein the beneficiation agent is: 65% of carbonized sodium cyanurate and 35% of sodium carbonate.
Mineral separation aidThe agent is divided into three groups for comparison, wherein the number 0 is as follows: example 1 adjuvant; no. 1 is: ca (OH)296.5% 、CaO22.5% and C20H24Na2O10S21 percent; number 2 Ca (OH)2。
The test method comprises the following steps: taking 200g of gold oxide raw ore containing 2.33g/t gold respectively, adding 300ml of water, 0.4g of beneficiation reagent, 4g of No. 0, 1 and 2 beneficiation auxiliary agents respectively, soaking for 24 hours, filtering out liquid, and detecting the gold content in tailings respectively after drying. The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: results of comparison test of gold dressing rate and gold dressing efficiency of mineral dressing auxiliary agent
| Sample number | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| The tailings contain gold (g/t) | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.18 |
| Leaching rate of slag meter | 96.6 | 94.2 | 92.3 |
From the test results, compared with Ca (OH) 2 beneficiation auxiliary agent used in the market, the beneficiation auxiliary agent provided by the invention can improve the gold dressing rate and the gold dressing efficiency, and has better effect after being added with the anti-scaling agent.
The difference between the test method and the above method is that: the gold beneficiation agent B is sodium cyanide with the mass concentration of 40%.
The test method comprises the following steps: taking 200g of gold oxide raw ore containing 2.33g/t gold respectively, adding 300ml of water, 1g of beneficiation reagent, 4g of No. 0, No. 1 and No. 2 beneficiation auxiliary agents respectively, soaking for 24 hours, filtering out liquid, drying, and detecting the gold content in tailings respectively, wherein the test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: results of comparison test of gold dressing rate and gold dressing efficiency of mineral dressing auxiliary agent
| Sample number | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| The tailings contain gold (g/t) | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.19 |
| Leaching rate of slag meter | 96.2 | 95.4 | 92.1 |
From the test results, compared with Ca (OH) 2 beneficiation agent used in the market, the beneficiation auxiliary agent provided by the invention is combined with sodium cyanide beneficiation agent, so that the gold dressing rate and the gold dressing efficiency can be improved, and the effect is better after the anti-scaling agent is added.
Comparative test for anti-scaling performance
The experiment selects gold beneficiation agent A, and beneficiation aids are No. 0, No. 1 and No. 2. The anti-scaling performance of the No. 0, the No. 1 and the No. 2 mineral processing aids is compared under the same condition.
The test adopts a self-made anti-scaling test device, and in order to accelerate the formation of scaling, the test device adopts the following measures: firstly, a water bath is additionally arranged outside the test liquid medicine groove to reduce the temperature of the test liquid medicine, and air is introduced into the test liquid medicine groove to increase the dissolving amount of carbon dioxide in the test liquid medicine; secondly, the spraying is changed into dripping, a pressure pump is not needed, and the liquid medicine flows out only by utilizing the height difference between the test liquid medicine tank and the pile spraying tank, so that the flow velocity of the liquid medicine in a conveying pipeline and a dripping nozzle is greatly reduced, and the scaling probability is increased; and thirdly, the pipe diameter of the liquid medicine conveying pipeline and the aperture of the drip nozzle are reduced, and the blocking speed after scaling is accelerated.
Preparing a test liquid medicine: 100l of water, 1.5kg of beneficiation auxiliary agents 0, 1 and 2 and 200g of beneficiation reagent A are respectively added into 3 dissolving tanks, stirred for 1 hour, then kept stand for clarification, and the clarified liquid is poured into a test liquid medicine tank.
Water and ice blocks are added into the water bath tank, so that the temperature of the test liquid medicine is controlled at 10-12 ℃.
The heap leaching tank is filled with gold ore raw ore with two thirds of the volume, and the leachate is returned to the test liquid medicine tank for recycling after being clarified.
The time consumed by blocking a dripping system of the device is measured, and the anti-scaling performance of different beneficiation agents is judged according to the time: the longer the time is, the better the anti-scaling performance of the beneficiation agent is; conversely, the poorer the anti-scaling performance of the beneficiation agent. The test results are shown in table 3.
Table 3: results of anti-scaling performance test of the beneficiation auxiliary agent
| Sample number | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Time consuming of scale blockage | 35 hours | 23 hours | 17 hours |
From the test results, the anti-scaling performance of the auxiliary agent provided by the invention is superior to that of a single Ca (OH) 2 beneficiation auxiliary agent on the market, and the No. 0 added with the anti-scaling agent provided by the invention is obviously superior to the No. 1 without the anti-scaling agent.
Comparison of service life of gold adsorption activated carbon
The experiment selects gold beneficiation agent A, and beneficiation auxiliary agents are No. 0 and No. 2. The influence of the two beneficiation auxiliary agents on the service life of the gold adsorption activated carbon is compared under the same condition.
The test evaluation basis is as follows: the effective use times of the experimental gold adsorption activated carbon are taken as judgment basis, and the test results are shown in table 4:
table 4: the influence of the beneficiation auxiliary agent on the service life of the gold adsorption activated carbon
| Sample number | 0 | 2 |
| Number of times of use of adsorbent charcoal | 8 times (by volume) | 5 times (twice) |
The results show that: compared with the single Ca (OH) 2 beneficiation auxiliary agent No. 2 on the market, the beneficiation auxiliary agent of the invention has the advantage that the service life of the gold adsorption activated carbon is obviously prolonged.
The beneficiation auxiliary products provided by the embodiments 1 to 5 of the invention are subjected to gold dressing rate and gold dressing efficiency tests, wherein the beneficiation agent is a gold beneficiation agent A, and the test method is as described above. The measurement results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5: results of gold dressing rate and gold dressing efficiency test of mineral dressing auxiliary agent in embodiment of the invention
| Sample number | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 |
| The tailings contain gold (g/t) | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.12 |
| Leaching rate of slag meter | 96.6 | 96.2 | 94.9 | 95.7 | 95.4 | 94.9 |
From the test results, the gold dressing rate and the gold dressing rate of the beneficiation auxiliary product provided by the embodiment of the invention are obviously superior to those of the single Ca (OH) 2 beneficiation auxiliary on the market.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such substitutions and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The mineral separation auxiliary agent for gold mineral separation is characterized in that: the beneficiation auxiliary agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ca (OH)288-96 percent of NaOH, 0-10 percent of oxidant, 0.5-2.5 percent of anti-scaling agent and 0.5-2.5 percent of dispersant; the oxidant consists of calcium peroxide and potassium permanganate; the anti-scaling agent consists of sodium tetrapolyphosphate and sodium citrate.
2. The beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation according to claim 1, wherein: the dispersant is sodium lignosulfonate.
3. The beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the sodium tetrapolyphosphate to the sodium citrate in the anti-scaling agent is 1: 1-4.
4. The beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the calcium peroxide to the potassium permanganate in the oxidant is 2-4: 1.
5. The application of the beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation according to claim 1, wherein: the beneficiation auxiliary agent is applied to a sodium cyanide beneficiation agent.
6. The application of the beneficiation auxiliary agent for gold beneficiation according to claim 1, wherein: the beneficiation auxiliary agent is applied to a beneficiation agent consisting of carbonized sodium cyanurate and sodium carbonate.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220170133A1 (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-02 | S. A. Lhoist Recherche Et Developpement | Process for Gold and/or Platinum Group Metals Heap Leaching with Lime |
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| CN107217153A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-09-29 | 宋惠斌 | A kind of inexpensive gold mine leaching agent |
| CN108179279A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-06-19 | 沈阳有色金属研究院有限公司 | A kind of gold cyaniding leaching agent and its application in cyanide gold-leaching technique |
| CN109439923A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-08 | 广西森合高新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of extraction auxiliary agent can be improved gold solution rate |
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2019
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5100631A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1992-03-31 | Nalco Chemical Company | Heap leaching ores containing gold and silver |
| US20160298209A1 (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2016-10-13 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Leach aid for metal recovery |
| CN105463203A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-06 | 广西森合高新科技股份有限公司 | Gold ore low-toxicity efficient mineral separation addition agent and preparing method thereof |
| CN107217153A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-09-29 | 宋惠斌 | A kind of inexpensive gold mine leaching agent |
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| US20220170133A1 (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-02 | S. A. Lhoist Recherche Et Developpement | Process for Gold and/or Platinum Group Metals Heap Leaching with Lime |
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