CN110713255A - Device and method for reducing pollution of plate-type ceramic membrane of anaerobic membrane bioreactor - Google Patents
Device and method for reducing pollution of plate-type ceramic membrane of anaerobic membrane bioreactor Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 24
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009285 membrane fouling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/286—Anaerobic digestion processes including two or more steps
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2806—Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2853—Anaerobic digestion processes using anaerobic membrane bioreactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2866—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, wherein the device comprises an anaerobic bioreactor and an anaerobic membrane separation system, and the anaerobic bioreactor is connected with the anaerobic membrane separation system through a water outlet pipe; the anaerobic membrane separation system comprises a water inlet device, an anaerobic membrane separation device, a reflux device and a water outlet device, wherein the water inlet device is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the water outlet device is arranged at the top of the anaerobic membrane separation device; one end of the reflux device is connected with the top end of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the other end of the reflux device is arranged at the bottom end of the anaerobic membrane separation device. The invention combines an anaerobic bioreactor with an anaerobic membrane separation device with a built-in plate-type ceramic membrane component to treat high-concentration organic wastewater, simultaneously utilizes a water distributor and a guide plate in the anaerobic membrane separation device to form rapid circulation hydraulic shearing cleaning between ceramic membrane plates, combines a composite biological carrier machine to scrub the membrane surface, and cooperates with backwashing, thereby effectively reducing membrane pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment equipment, in particular to a device and a method for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor.
Background
A Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) is a novel sewage treatment process combining Membrane separation and traditional sewage biological treatment technology, and is mainly characterized in that a Membrane module is used for filtering to replace a secondary sedimentation tank in a conventional activated sludge method, so that sludge-water separation and sludge concentration are realized. The membrane bioreactor is divided into an aerobic membrane bioreactor and an anaerobic membrane bioreactor according to whether the aerobic membrane is aerobic or not, and is divided into a split type membrane bioreactor and an integrated type membrane bioreactor according to different arrangement positions of membrane components.
Compared with the traditional aerobic process, the anaerobic process has the advantages of less sludge yield, low energy consumption, capability of generating energy source gas methane and the like, and is widely applied to the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater. The split type membrane bioreactor runs relatively stably, and because the reactor and the membrane module are respectively arranged in the two treatment units, the membrane module is easy to clean and replace, and meanwhile, the stable running of an anaerobic system cannot be damaged.
The split Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (rAnMBR) is a novel high-efficiency reactor combining a Membrane separation technology and an Anaerobic biological treatment technology, has the treatment advantages of Anaerobic reaction and the interception effect of a Membrane component to ensure the sludge concentration and realize sludge-water separation, has the characteristics of high sludge concentration, high volume load, high organic matter removal rate, less sludge production and the like, and is widely applied to the field of high-concentration industrial wastewater at present.
At present, the traditional anaerobic membrane bioreactor mainly adopts an imported tubular membrane component, the membrane material is a macromolecular organic matter, and the membrane aperture is about 200 nm. The whole reaction system is in a closed state, sewage/sludge flows in a cross flow manner to scour the surface of the membrane, and transmembrane pressure difference is reduced by matching with water backwashing. However, the organic membrane has poor mechanical strength, so that the membrane surface is easily damaged in the backwashing and scouring process, and the service life of the membrane component is influenced.
As a recently emerging sewage treatment separation material, the ceramic membrane has the advantages of high mechanical strength, strong rigidity, uniform membrane aperture, strong corrosion resistance and the like compared with an organic membrane. The ceramic membrane has good applicability to extreme treatment environment, and is combined with an anaerobic process, so that the feasibility and the operation effect of treating high-concentration organic wastewater are ensured. However, in the actual operation process, the problem of membrane pollution is still a key factor limiting the application and popularization of the anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor.
The anaerobic membrane bioreactor which is industrially applied at present is mainly a tubular organic membrane, and the cleaning mode mainly adopts tangential hydraulic shearing and is matched with online water backwashing, online medicine washing and the like. The water yield of the tangential hydraulic shearing is 8-15 times of the water yield, and the overflowing water cannot contain hard inorganic matters so as to avoid mechanical damage to the surface of the membrane. In the traditional anaerobic bioreactor, a three-phase separator is used for separating gas, liquid and solid phases, the solid-liquid separation effect in actual engineering is not ideal, the phenomena of difficult sludge concentration maintenance, incomplete sludge-water separation and serious sludge loss of an anaerobic system exist, and the anaerobic treatment efficiency is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, thereby solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a device for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor comprises an anaerobic bioreactor and an anaerobic membrane separation system, wherein the anaerobic bioreactor is connected with the anaerobic membrane separation system through a water outlet pipe;
the anaerobic membrane separation system comprises a water inlet device, an anaerobic membrane separation device, a reflux device and a water outlet device, wherein the water inlet device is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the water outlet device is arranged at the top of the anaerobic membrane separation device; one end of the reflux device is connected to the top end of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the other end of the reflux device is arranged at the bottom end of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
Preferably, the anaerobic membrane separation device comprises a composite biological carrier, a flat ceramic module and a flow guide plate, wherein the composite biological carrier is dispersed around the flat ceramic module, and the flow guide plate is arranged at the top end of the anaerobic membrane separation device;
the composite biological carrier is a material with the density of 0.95-0.98 g/cm3, hydrophilic organic or inorganic material and irregular geometric shape.
Preferably, the water inlet device comprises a water inlet distributor, an inclined plate and an interception net, and the water inlet distributor, the inclined plate and the interception net are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the membrane separation device.
Preferably, the water outlet device comprises a membrane module water production pump and a water collection pipe, the water collection pipe is connected with a flat ceramic membrane module in the anaerobic membrane bioreactor, and the membrane module water production pump is arranged on the water collection pipe.
Preferably, the water outlet device further comprises a membrane group water production regulating valve, a membrane group water production flow meter and a vacuum meter, wherein the flow meter, the membrane group water production regulating valve and the vacuum meter are arranged on the water collecting pipe, and the vacuum meter is arranged in front of the membrane group water production pump.
Preferably, a backwashing water pipe is further arranged between the water outlet device vacuum meter and the membrane component water production regulating valve, the backwashing water pipe is connected with the clean water tank, and a backwashing pump and a backwashing valve are arranged on the backwashing water pipe.
Preferably, the reflux device comprises a mixed liquid reflux pump, a reflux pipe and a reflux water distributor, the mixed liquid reflux pump is arranged on the reflux pipe, and the reflux water distributor is connected to one end of the reflux pipe and arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
Preferably, the backflow device further comprises a backflow regulating valve and a backflow flowmeter, and the backflow regulating valve and the backflow flowmeter are sequentially arranged on the backflow pipe.
Preferably, the device for reducing the plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor further comprises a gas collecting pipe, and the gas collecting pipe is respectively connected with the top gas chamber of the anaerobic bioreactor and the top gas chamber of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
Preferably, the device for reducing pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor further comprises a sludge discharge device, the sludge reflux device reflows the sludge generated by the anaerobic membrane separation system to the anaerobic bioreactor, the sludge reflux device comprises a sludge discharge pipe and a sludge discharge reflux pump, the sludge discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the water inlet distributor, and the sludge discharge reflux pump is arranged between the sludge discharge pipe and the anaerobic bioreactor.
Preferably, the device for reducing the pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor further comprises a sludge baffle plate, and the sludge baffle plate is used for guiding the sludge generated by the anaerobic membrane separation device.
Another purpose of the invention is to provide a method for reducing the pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor, which uses a device for reducing the pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor, and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, confirming that sludge for anaerobic reaction exists in the anaerobic bioreactor, and injecting the wastewater to be treated into the anaerobic bioreactor for anaerobic reaction;
s2, enabling the sludge-water mixed liquor generated after the treatment of the anaerobic bioreactor to enter an anaerobic membrane separation device through a reactor water outlet pipe for further reaction, and controlling the water inflow and the backflow of the anaerobic membrane separation device by adjusting at least one valve of a water inlet adjusting valve, a reactor water outlet adjusting valve, a membrane group produced water adjusting valve and a backflow adjusting valve of the anaerobic bioreactor to ensure that the membrane flux and the flow speed between templates are normal;
s3, adjusting the adding proportion of the composite biological carrier in the anaerobic membrane separation device, displaying transmembrane pressure difference through a vacuum meter, and controlling the backwashing frequency of backflow water;
s4, enabling the mixed liquor between the upper membranes to rapidly flow upwards through the membrane gaps under the reflux action of the mixed liquor reflux pump by the mixed liquor reflux pump to form hydraulic scouring on the plate-type ceramic membrane;
s5, discharging water generated in the anaerobic membrane separation device to a clean water tank by using a membrane group water generating pump, and backwashing the membrane from inside to outside by using a backwashing pump during backwashing; alternately switching on and off the membrane module production water pump and the backwashing pump; and the sludge separated in the anaerobic membrane separation device is recycled to the anaerobic bioreactor through a sludge discharge device or a sludge baffle plate.
Preferably, in the step S1, the pH value in the anaerobic bioreactor is 6.8-7.5, the reaction temperature is 35-38 ℃,
preferably, the value range of the membrane flux in the step S2 is 20-60L/(m)2H), the flow velocity between the membrane plates is 0.2-0.5 m/s; the backwashing transmembrane pressure difference is 15-25 KPa.
Preferably, the adding ratio of the composite biological carrier in the step S3 is 10-50%;
preferably, the pumping process of the membrane module production water pump in the step S4 is operated for 8-13 minutes, the backflow pumping process of the mixed liquid backflow pump lasts for 2-3 minutes, and the membrane module shunting device is backwashed.
The invention has the following characteristics in design and structure:
1) the top in the anaerobic membrane separation device is provided with a plurality of groups of guide plates which are matched with the reflux water distribution pipes, so that sewage to be treated can form rapid circulation among membrane plates, and the liquid flowing speed on the surface of the membrane is increased by hydraulic shearing;
2) the anaerobic membrane separation device is internally provided with mixed liquid reflux and a reflux water distribution pipe, under the flow state distribution and strengthening action of the mixed liquid, fluid forms quick circulation hydraulic shear between plates, pollutants on the surface of a flat ceramic membrane are scrubbed by driving a composite biological carrier machine, and the pollution blockage phenomenon of a membrane component in a membrane separation reactor is prevented or delayed by matching with water backwashing;
3) the anaerobic membrane separation device is filled with a material with the density of 0.95-0.98 g/cm3The composite biological carrier with hydrophilic organic or inorganic material and irregular geometric shape can be used as a scrubbing material on the surface of the ceramic membrane, and meanwhile, provides an attachment place for microorganisms in the anaerobic membrane separation device, and improves the sludge concentration; the composite biological carrier flows rapidly between the plates along with water flow at a certain adding ratio, and the attachments on the surface of the membrane are cleaned by cross flow scrubbing with the surface of the ceramic membrane, so that the membrane pollution is effectively reduced, and the anaerobic ceramic membrane is prolongedAnd (5) service life.
4) The top air chamber of the anaerobic bioreactor is communicated with the top air chamber of the membrane separation device through an air duct, which is beneficial to the release and collection of methane in the whole system.
5) The device has the membrane separation function and the biological reaction function, and microorganisms are attached to the surfaces of the composite biological carrier and the ceramic membrane to form a biological membrane to decompose pollutants in water.
6) The microorganisms intercepted by the membrane separation device return to the anaerobic bioreactor in a sludge backflow mode, so that the separation of hydraulic retention time and sludge retention time is realized, the sludge concentration in the anaerobic bioreactor can be improved by 5-10%, and the impact load resistance of the system is improved by 10-15%.
The invention discloses a device and a method for effectively reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, which have the following beneficial effects:
(1) aiming at the phenomena of difficult sludge concentration maintenance, incomplete sludge-water separation and serious sludge loss of an anaerobic system in the anaerobic treatment of organic wastewater, the plate-type ceramic membrane is applied to an anaerobic reaction system to form an anaerobic membrane separation device, and transmembrane pressure difference, membrane pollution and membrane flux maintenance are reduced by combining a water backwashing mode through water backwashing, inter-plate rapid circulation shearing cleaning and mechanical friction cleaning of a composite biological carrier.
(2) The anaerobic membrane separation device in the device has higher sludge concentration, and the sludge flows back into the anaerobic bioreactor from the anaerobic membrane separation device, so that the sludge concentration of the anaerobic bioreactor is improved, and the device has better treatment effect compared with the external circulation of the traditional anaerobic bioreactor, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the anaerobic bioreactor and improving the quality of effluent.
(3) Under the flow state distribution and strengthening action of the reflux water distribution pipe and the guide plate, the fluid in the anaerobic membrane separation device forms quick circulation hydraulic shear between plates, and the pollution blocking phenomenon of a membrane component in the membrane separation reactor is prevented or delayed by driving the composite biological carrier to mechanically scrub pollutants on the surface of the flat ceramic membrane and matching with water backwashing.
(4) According to the invention, the anaerobic bioreactor and the membrane component are separately operated, so that the adsorption and deposition of sludge on the membrane surface in the anaerobic bioreactor can be effectively reduced, the membrane pollution is effectively relieved, and the treatment efficiency and effluent quality of the anaerobic bioreactor are improved.
(5) The anaerobic membrane separation device is filled with a material with the density of 0.95-0.98 g/cm3The composite biological carrier with hydrophilic organic or inorganic material and irregular geometric shape can be used as a scrubbing material on the surface of the ceramic membrane, and provides an attachment place for microorganisms in the anaerobic membrane separation device to improve the sludge concentration. The composite biological carrier flows rapidly between the plates along with water flow at a certain adding ratio, and the attachments on the surface of the membrane are cleaned by cross flow scrubbing with the surface of the ceramic membrane, so that the membrane pollution is effectively reduced, and the service life of the anaerobic ceramic membrane is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane fouling in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane fouling in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor in example 2;
1-anaerobic bioreactor water inlet pump; 2-anaerobic bioreactor water distributor; 3-anaerobic bioreactor effluent regulating valve; 4-a flowmeter of a water outlet pipe of the anaerobic bioreactor; 5-water inlet distributor of anaerobic membrane separation device; 6-sloping plate; 7-a retention net; 8-anaerobic membrane separation device; 9-flat ceramic membrane group; 10-a complex biological carrier; 11-a flow guide plate; 12-vacuum gauge; 13-membrane group water pump; 14-membrane group produced water regulating valve; 15-a water production flow meter; 16-mixed liquor reflux pump; 17-a reflux regulating valve; 18-a reflux flow meter; 19-reflux water distributor; 20-a sludge discharge pipe; 21-sludge discharge reflux pump; 22-sludge reflux adjusting valve; 23-a flow meter; 24-pressure gauge; 25-a thermometer; 26-a pH meter; 27-an exhaust pipe; 28-sludge baffle; 29-clean water pool; 30-a backwash pump; 31-backwash regulating valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a device for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, which comprises an anaerobic bioreactor and an anaerobic membrane separation system which are separated from each other, wherein the anaerobic bioreactor is connected with the anaerobic membrane separation system through a water outlet pipe; the water outlet pipe is provided with an anaerobic bioreactor water outlet regulating valve and an anaerobic bioreactor water outlet flow meter; the water inflow of the anaerobic bioreactor entering the anaerobic membrane separation system can be adjusted.
The anaerobic membrane separation system comprises a water inlet device, an anaerobic membrane separation device, a reflux device and a water outlet device, wherein the water inlet device is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the water outlet device is arranged at the top of the anaerobic membrane separation device; one end of the reflux device is connected to the top end of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the other end of the reflux device is arranged at the bottom end of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
The outer wall of the anaerobic membrane separation device is provided with a heat insulation material, and the operating temperature of the anaerobic ceramic membrane separation device is controlled to be 35-38 ℃.
The anaerobic membrane separation device comprises a composite biological carrier, a flat ceramic module and a guide plate, wherein the composite biological carrier is arranged around the flat ceramic module, and the guide plate is arranged at the top end of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
The bio-carrier in the embodiment is a bio-carrier with a density of 0.95-0.98 g/cm3The composite biological carrier is made of hydrophilic organic or inorganic materials and has an irregular geometric shape, and can be used as a scrubbing material on the surface of the ceramic membrane, an attachment place is provided for microorganisms in the anaerobic membrane separation device, the sludge concentration is improved, the composite biological carrier rapidly flows between plates along with water flow under a certain adding rate, and attachments on the surface of the membrane are scrubbed and removed through cross flow with the surface of the ceramic membrane, so that the membrane pollution is effectively reduced, and the service life of the anaerobic ceramic membrane is prolonged.
The water inlet device comprises a water inlet distributor, an inclined plate and an interception net, and the water inlet distributor, the inclined plate and the interception net are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
The water outlet device comprises a membrane group water production regulating valve, a water production flow meter, a vacuum meter, a membrane group water production pump and a water collecting pipe, wherein the water collecting pipe is connected with a flat ceramic membrane group in the anaerobic membrane bioreactor, and the membrane group water production pump is arranged on the water collecting pipe. The flow meter, the membrane group water production regulating valve and the vacuum meter are all arranged on the water collecting pipe, and the vacuum meter is arranged in front of the membrane group water production pump.
In order to clean the membrane group in the anaerobic membrane separation device, the upper end of the flat ceramic membrane group is connected with a backwashing device, the backwashing device comprises a backwashing water pipe, a backwashing pump and a backwashing regulating valve, one end of the backwashing water pipe is connected between a vacuum meter of the water collecting pipe and the reactor water outlet regulating valve, and the other end of the backwashing water pipe is connected with a clean water tank.
The reflux unit comprises a mixed liquid reflux pump, a reflux regulating valve, a reflux flowmeter, a reflux pipe and a reflux water distributor, wherein the mixed liquid reflux pump is arranged on the reflux pipe, the reflux water distributor is connected with one end of the reflux pipe and arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the reflux regulating valve and the reflux flowmeter are sequentially arranged on the reflux pipe.
In this embodiment, the device for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor further comprises a gas collecting pipe, and the gas collecting pipe is respectively connected with the top gas chamber of the anaerobic bioreactor and the top gas chamber of the membrane separation device.
Reduce the device that anaerobic membrane bioreactor plate-type ceramic membrane pollutes in this embodiment still includes sludge discharging equipment, sludge reflux unit flows back the mud that anaerobic membrane separation system produced extremely anaerobic bioreactor, sludge reflux unit includes sludge discharge pipe and row's mud backwash pump, sludge discharge pipe sets up the lower extreme at the water distributor of intaking, row's mud backwash pump sets up sludge discharge pipe with between the anaerobic bioreactor, the mud that the suction of row's mud backwash pump will intake water distributor below is by suction pump sending to anaerobic reactor, forms the backward flow of anaerobic sludge.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a device for reducing pollution of a plate-type ceramic membrane of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, which comprises an integrated anaerobic bioreactor and an anaerobic membrane separation system, as shown in figure 2. The anaerobic bioreactor is connected with the anaerobic membrane separation system through a water outlet pipe; the water outlet pipe is arranged in the anaerobic bioreactor, and the water outlet pipe is not provided with an adjusting valve and a flowmeter, so that the water inlet quantity entering the anaerobic membrane separation system cannot be adjusted, and only water can be continuously fed.
The anaerobic membrane separation system has the same structure as that in the embodiment 1, and comprises a water inlet device, an anaerobic membrane separation device, a reflux device and a water outlet device, wherein the water inlet device is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the water outlet device is arranged at the top of the anaerobic membrane separation device; one end of the reflux device is connected to the top end of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the other end of the reflux device is arranged at the bottom end of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
The outer wall of the anaerobic membrane separation device is provided with a heat insulation material, and the operating temperature of the anaerobic ceramic membrane separation device is controlled to be 35-38 ℃.
The anaerobic membrane separation device comprises a composite biological carrier, a flat ceramic module and a guide plate, wherein the composite biological carrier is arranged around the flat ceramic module, and the guide plate is arranged at the top end of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
The bio-carrier in the embodiment is a bio-carrier with a density of 0.95-0.98 g/cm3The composite biological carrier is made of hydrophilic organic or inorganic materials and has an irregular geometric shape, and can be used as a scrubbing material on the surface of the ceramic membrane, an attachment place is provided for microorganisms in the anaerobic membrane separation device, the sludge concentration is improved, the composite biological carrier rapidly flows between plates along with water flow under a certain adding rate, and attachments on the surface of the membrane are scrubbed and removed through cross flow with the surface of the ceramic membrane, so that the membrane pollution is effectively reduced, and the service life of the anaerobic ceramic membrane is prolonged.
The water inlet device comprises a water inlet distributor, an inclined plate and an intercepting net, wherein the water inlet distributor, the inclined plate and the intercepting net are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic bioreactor.
The water outlet device comprises a reactor water outlet regulating valve, a water production flow meter, a vacuum meter, a membrane group water production pump and a water collection pipe, wherein the water collection pipe is connected with a flat ceramic membrane group in the anaerobic membrane bioreactor, and the membrane group water production pump is arranged on the water collection pipe. The flow meter, the reactor water outlet regulating valve and the vacuum meter are all arranged on the water collecting pipe, and the vacuum meter is arranged in front of the membrane group water producing pump.
The reflux unit comprises a mixed liquid reflux pump, a reflux regulating valve, a reflux flowmeter, a reflux pipe and a reflux water distributor, wherein the mixed liquid reflux pump is arranged on the reflux pipe, the reflux water distributor is connected with one end of the reflux pipe and arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the reflux regulating valve and the reflux flowmeter are sequentially arranged on the reflux pipe.
In this embodiment, the device for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor further comprises a gas collecting pipe, and the gas collecting pipe is respectively connected with the top gas chamber of the anaerobic bioreactor and the top gas chamber of the membrane separation device.
Different from the structure in the embodiment 1, the device provided in the embodiment has no sludge discharge device because of being an integrated device, and the principle of sludge discharge is specifically as follows:
the anaerobic sludge-water mixed liquor enters the lower part of an inclined plate through a water inlet distributor of an anaerobic membrane separation device for water distribution, the mixed liquor passes through the inclined plate from bottom to top through an inclined plate sedimentation area for solid-liquid separation through static pressure, the separated solid-phase sludge falls into the bottom of the inclined plate from top to bottom and enters an anaerobic bioreactor through a gap between the anaerobic bioreactor and the anaerobic membrane separation device, and in order to prevent the disturbance of upward flowing fluid in the anaerobic bioreactor to the falling sludge, a sludge baffle is arranged below the gap between the anaerobic bioreactor and the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the sludge baffle guides the falling sludge so that the downward flowing sludge flows along the wall of the anaerobic bioreactor in a laminar flow state to prevent the disturbance of the upward flowing fluid.
Example 3
This example provides a method of wastewater treatment using the apparatus of example 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, confirming that sludge for anaerobic reaction exists in the anaerobic bioreactor, and injecting the wastewater to be treated into the anaerobic bioreactor for anaerobic reaction;
s2, enabling the sludge-water mixed liquor generated after the treatment of the anaerobic bioreactor to enter an anaerobic membrane separation device through a reactor water outlet pipe for further reaction, and controlling the water inflow and the backflow of the anaerobic membrane separation device by adjusting at least one valve of a water inlet adjusting valve, a reactor water outlet adjusting valve, a membrane group produced water adjusting valve and a backflow adjusting valve of the anaerobic bioreactor to ensure that the membrane flux and the flow speed between templates are normal;
s3, adjusting the adding proportion of the composite biological carrier in the anaerobic membrane separation device, displaying transmembrane pressure difference through a vacuum meter, and controlling the backwashing frequency of backflow water;
s4, enabling the mixed liquor between the upper membranes to rapidly flow upwards through the membrane gaps under the reflux action of the mixed liquor reflux pump by the mixed liquor reflux pump to form hydraulic scouring on the plate-type ceramic membrane;
and S5, discharging water generated in the anaerobic membrane separation device to a clean water tank by using a membrane group water generating pump, and backwashing the membrane by using the backwashing pump to backwash the clean water in the clean water tank from inside to outside during backwashing. And the membrane group production water pump and the backwashing pump are alternately switched on and off, and the sludge separated in the anaerobic membrane separation device is recycled to the anaerobic bioreactor through a sludge discharge device.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, which is implemented by aiming at potato starch wastewater, and comprises the steps of injecting inoculated sludge into the anaerobic bioreactor for sludge culture, confirming that the sludge quantity is enough for anaerobic reaction, injecting potato starch wastewater to be treated into the anaerobic bioreactor, continuously feeding water into the anaerobic bioreactor, and controlling the temperature of the anaerobic bioreactor to be 35-38 ℃ as shown in raw water quality indexes in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water in and out indices of anaerobic ceramic Membrane bioreactor
The water inlet amount, the membrane flux and the reflux amount of the membrane group separator are controlled by adjusting a water inlet adjusting valve, a reactor water outlet adjusting valve, a membrane group produced water adjusting valve and a reflux adjusting valve of the whole device. Adjusting the adding ratio of the composite biological carrier; the transmembrane pressure difference is displayed by a vacuum gauge to control the backwashing frequency. The operation indexes of the anaerobic membrane separation device are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 operating index of anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor
Meanwhile, the method is compared with a conventional anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor under the condition that other conditions are consistent, when the effluent quality is lower than the effluent quality standard, the reactor device is cleaned, the chemical cleaning periods are respectively recorded, the data in the last row of the table 2 are shown, the chemical cleaning period of the conventional anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor is 180-210 days, but the cleaning period of the anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor is 230-250 days. The result shows that the membrane pollution period can be prolonged and the membrane pollution can be effectively relieved by controlling the flow velocity between the ceramic membrane plates, filling a certain amount of composite biological carriers and matching with proper backwashing under the action of the water distribution device and the guide plate. Finally, compared with the conventional anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor, the average chemical cleaning period is prolonged by 20-30%.
By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained:
(1) aiming at the phenomena of difficult sludge concentration maintenance, incomplete sludge-water separation and serious sludge loss of an anaerobic system in the anaerobic treatment of organic wastewater, the plate-type ceramic membrane is applied to an anaerobic reaction system to form an anaerobic membrane separation device, and transmembrane pressure difference, membrane pollution and membrane flux maintenance are reduced by combining a water backwashing mode through water backwashing, inter-plate rapid circulation shearing cleaning and mechanical friction cleaning of a composite biological carrier.
(2) The anaerobic membrane separation device in the device has higher sludge concentration, and the sludge flows back into the anaerobic bioreactor from the anaerobic membrane separation device, so that the sludge concentration of the anaerobic bioreactor is improved, and the device has better treatment effect compared with the external circulation of the traditional anaerobic bioreactor, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the anaerobic bioreactor and improving the quality of effluent.
(3) Under the flow state distribution and strengthening action of the reflux water distribution pipe and the guide plate, the fluid in the anaerobic membrane separation device forms quick circulation hydraulic shear between plates, and the pollution blocking phenomenon of a membrane component in the membrane separation reactor is prevented or delayed by driving the composite biological carrier to mechanically scrub pollutants on the surface of the flat ceramic membrane and matching with water backwashing.
(4) According to the invention, the anaerobic bioreactor and the membrane component are separately operated, so that the adsorption and deposition of sludge on the membrane surface in the anaerobic bioreactor can be effectively reduced, the membrane pollution is effectively relieved, and the treatment efficiency and effluent quality of the anaerobic bioreactor are improved.
(5) The anaerobic membrane separation device is filled with a material with the density of 0.95-0.98 g/cm3The composite biological carrier with hydrophilic organic or inorganic material and irregular geometric shape can be used as a scrubbing material on the surface of the ceramic membrane, and provides an attachment place for microorganisms in the anaerobic membrane separation device to improve the sludge concentration. The composite biological carrier flows rapidly between the plates along with water flow at a certain adding ratio, and the attachments on the surface of the membrane are cleaned by cross flow scrubbing with the surface of the ceramic membrane, so that the membrane pollution is effectively reduced, and the service life of the anaerobic ceramic membrane is prolonged.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The device for reducing the pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor is characterized by comprising an anaerobic bioreactor and an anaerobic membrane separation system, wherein the anaerobic bioreactor is connected with the anaerobic membrane separation system through a water outlet pipe;
the anaerobic membrane separation system comprises a water inlet device, an anaerobic membrane separation device, a reflux device and a water outlet device, wherein the water inlet device is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the water outlet device is arranged at the top of the anaerobic membrane separation device; one end of the reflux device is connected to the top end of the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the other end of the reflux device is arranged at the bottom end of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
2. The device for reducing the plate ceramic membrane fouling of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic membrane separation device comprises composite bio-carriers, a flat plate ceramic module and a deflector plate, wherein the composite bio-carriers are dispersed around the flat plate ceramic module, and the deflector plate is arranged at the top end of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
3. The device for reducing the pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet device comprises a water inlet distributor, an inclined plate and a retention net, and the water inlet distributor, the inclined plate and the retention net are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
4. The device for reducing the pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the water outlet device comprises a membrane module water production pump and a water collection pipe, the water collection pipe is connected with the plate-type ceramic membrane module in the anaerobic membrane separation device, and the membrane module water production pump is arranged on the water collection pipe.
5. The device for reducing pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor according to claim 4, wherein the water outlet device further comprises a membrane group produced water regulating valve, a membrane group produced water flow meter and a vacuum meter, wherein the flow meter, the membrane group produced water regulating valve and the vacuum meter are all arranged on the water collecting pipe, and the vacuum meter is arranged in front of the membrane group produced water pump.
6. The device for reducing the plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the reflux device comprises a mixed liquid reflux pump, a reflux pipe and a reflux water distributor, the mixed liquid reflux pump is arranged on the reflux pipe, and the reflux water distributor is connected to one end of the reflux pipe and arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
7. The device for reducing the plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor of claim 1, further comprising a gas collecting pipe, wherein the gas collecting pipe is respectively connected with the top gas chamber of the anaerobic bioreactor and the top gas chamber of the anaerobic membrane separation device.
8. The device for reducing pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a sludge discharge device, wherein the sludge reflux device refluxes the sludge generated by the anaerobic membrane separation system to the anaerobic bioreactor, the sludge reflux device comprises a sludge discharge pipe and a sludge discharge reflux pump, the sludge discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the water inlet distributor, and the sludge discharge reflux pump is arranged between the sludge discharge pipe and the anaerobic bioreactor.
9. The device for reducing the pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the device for reducing the pollution of the plate-type ceramic membrane of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor further comprises a sludge baffle plate, and the sludge baffle plate is used for guiding the sludge generated by the anaerobic membrane separation device.
10. A method for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, which is characterized by using the device for reducing plate-type ceramic membrane pollution of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, confirming that sludge for anaerobic reaction exists in the anaerobic bioreactor, and injecting the wastewater to be treated into the anaerobic bioreactor for anaerobic reaction;
s2, enabling the sludge-water mixed liquor generated after the treatment of the anaerobic bioreactor to enter an anaerobic membrane separation device through a reactor water outlet pipe for further reaction, and controlling the water inflow and the backflow of the anaerobic membrane separation device by adjusting at least one valve of a water inlet adjusting valve, a reactor water outlet adjusting valve, a membrane group produced water adjusting valve and a backflow adjusting valve of the anaerobic bioreactor to ensure that the membrane flux and the flow speed between templates are normal;
s3, adjusting the adding proportion of the composite biological carrier in the anaerobic membrane separation device, displaying transmembrane pressure difference through a vacuum meter, and controlling the backwashing frequency of backflow water;
s4, enabling the mixed liquor between the upper membranes to rapidly flow upwards through the membrane gaps under the reflux action of the mixed liquor reflux pump by the mixed liquor reflux pump to form hydraulic scouring on the plate-type ceramic membrane;
s5, discharging water generated in the anaerobic membrane separation device to a clean water tank outside by using a membrane group water generating pump, pumping clean water in the clean water tank to the anaerobic membrane separation device by using a backwashing pump during backwashing, and backwashing the ceramic membrane from inside to outside; and the membrane group production water pump and the backwashing pump are alternately switched on and off, and the sludge separated in the anaerobic membrane separation device is recycled to the anaerobic bioreactor through a sludge discharge device.
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