CN110712562A - Method for improving sampling precision and equalization efficiency during battery equalization - Google Patents
Method for improving sampling precision and equalization efficiency during battery equalization Download PDFInfo
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- CN110712562A CN110712562A CN201910966382.6A CN201910966382A CN110712562A CN 110712562 A CN110712562 A CN 110712562A CN 201910966382 A CN201910966382 A CN 201910966382A CN 110712562 A CN110712562 A CN 110712562A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving sampling precision and equalization efficiency during battery equalization, which comprises the step that a system is formed by connecting a plurality of voltage monitoring units in parallel, wherein each voltage monitoring unit comprises a battery (B1 and B2 … … Bn), a sampling line, an internal resistance (R1 and R2 … … Rn +1) of a fuse, an equalization resistor (Ri1 and Ri2 … … Rin), an equalization switch (Q1 and Q2 … … Qn), a filter resistor (Rc1 and Rc2 … … Rcn +1), a filter capacitor (C1 and C2 … … Cn) and a voltage acquisition chip, the battery equalization efficiency is improved, and the voltage acquisition precision during battery equalization is also greatly improved. The problem that the battery voltage cannot be acquired during balancing or the problem that the acquisition precision error is very large is thoroughly solved. The method is also provided, the voltage acquisition precision is not influenced by the resistance on the acquisition line, and the acquisition line bundle can be longer by the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving a battery, in particular to a method for improving sampling precision and balancing efficiency during battery balancing.
Background
At present, a plurality of electric automobiles, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric special vehicles and the like are available on the market, and rechargeable batteries are used. The voltage of each battery is relatively low, and the batteries are connected in series to form the required voltage for use. The consistency of the batteries is not ideal when the batteries are delivered from a factory, and some batteries have higher voltage and some batteries have lower voltage, so that the residual capacities of the batteries connected in series are different. A battery with a small remaining capacity is discharged faster than a battery with a large remaining capacity during the discharging process, and a battery with a small remaining capacity is fully charged faster than a battery with a large remaining capacity during the charging process. In order to make the remaining capacity of the battery uniform, balancing measures must be taken. Currently, the equalization measures are mainly divided into active equalization and passive equalization.
The battery management system on the market at present has two equalization methods, one is active equalization, the other is passive equalization, the patent is suitable for both active equalization and passive equalization, and the passive equalization is used for explaining the implementation process of the patent. The battery voltage monitoring unit or system can not collect the voltage during balancing regardless of active balancing or passive balancing. Because the equalizing current is generally large, the internal resistance of the battery-to-board lead and the internal resistance of the on-board fuse (such as the internal resistances R1 and R2 … … Rn of the connecting line and the fuse in fig. 1) share a small voltage. If sampling is carried out during battery equalization, the difference between the acquired voltage and the real voltage of the battery is large, and even the voltage of the battery cannot be obtained at all, so the battery cannot be sampled during battery equalization.
There are two methods currently on the market to handle equalization and sampling, and both are equalization at the end of charge, thereby adjusting the remaining capacity of the entire battery system.
The method comprises the following steps: firstly, setting a period t, wherein t1+ t2 is t, closing a switching tube needing to be closed, only carrying out equalization within t1 time, and not collecting the battery voltage. And in the time t2, the switching tube is fully opened, only sampling is carried out, and equalization is not carried out.
The second method comprises the following steps: the equalizing resistance is set to be larger, so that the equalizing current is smaller, the voltage on the internal resistance of the connecting line from the battery to the board and the internal resistance of the fuse in the board cannot be too large, and the equalizing is carried out by sacrificing the voltage acquisition precision of the battery.
The first method has the following disadvantages: the equalization time is reduced, the battery equalization time is limited originally, the equalization is carried out only at the end of the charging process, the equalization time of the battery with large capacity is required to be longer, and therefore the battery management system can take a long time to equalize. This reduces the overall capacity of the battery management system.
The second method has the following defects: the first disadvantage is that the sampling precision is reduced, for example, the equalizing current is several milliamperes, the internal resistance of the connecting line from the battery to the board and the internal resistance of the fuse in the board are several ohms, and thus, the voltage error of several millivolts or even dozens of millivolts is caused. The battery balancing time is limited originally, the battery balancing time is balanced only at the tail end of the charging process, the requirement on the battery balancing time with large capacity is longer, the balancing current is very small, and the battery balancing time cannot be balanced in the life cycle of the battery management system. The overall capacity of the battery management system is also reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the sampling precision and the balancing efficiency during battery balancing, which has the advantages that the influence of the resistance on a collecting line is removed, voltage collection can be carried out during balancing, the voltage collection precision is not influenced by the size of the resistance on the collecting line, the balancing efficiency can be improved, the influence of the resistance on the collecting line is removed, large current balancing can be carried out, and the balancing efficiency can be improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for improving sampling precision and equalization efficiency during battery equalization comprises the following steps:
s1: in a static state when a system is powered on, namely a battery is not charged or discharged, sampling the voltage of each battery to obtain a first group of voltages: v1 and V2 … … Vn have no current in the internal resistance (R1 and R2 … … Rn +1) of the sampling line and the fuse, so V1 and V2 … … Vn are the voltages of the batteries (B1 and B2 … … Bn).
S2: in the quiescent state of system power-up, i.e., the main circuit of the battery is neither charged nor discharged. Closing Q1, immediately reading the collected voltage V1', and then opening Q1; closing Q2, immediately reading the collected voltage V2', and then opening Q2; vn' is read in turn. Since V1 ', V2 ', … … Vn ' are read immediately after the equalization switches Q1, Q2 … … Qn are closed in sequence, the time is extremely short, so the formula can be derived:
in the formula Rq1、Rq2Is the internal resistance corresponding to Q1 and Q2 in fig. 1, and can be derived from equation 1:
the same can be deduced from the internal resistances (R1, R2 … … Rn +1), the balance resistances (Ri1, Ri2 … … Rin) and the balance switch internal resistance (Rq) of all sampling lines and fuses1、Rq2、……Rqn) The proportional relationship between them.
S3: in any state of standing, charging and discharging of the main loop of the battery, when any battery is equalized at any time t, the voltage of the battery is sampled, and the collected voltage V1' is read by taking the 1 st battery B1 as an example. The voltage V of the 1 st battery B1 at time t is calculated by the following formula:
substituting the coefficient k1 into equation 5 yields:
a.. 9.... 6...... 6.. includes a Vb1 ″ -V1 ″ + V1 ″ × k1.
Combining formula 6 with a common factor yields:
.
From equation 7, it follows: when the equalizing switch Q1 is closed, the accuracy of voltage acquisition is irrelevant to the sampling line and the internal resistance (R1, R2) of the fuse, so the battery voltage can be acquired by closing the equalizing switch Q1 at any time in any state of standing, charging and discharging of the main loop of the battery.
Similarly, the other batteries (B1, B2 … … Bn) are also the same, and for the battery Bi to be equalized, the corresponding equalization switch Qi is closed, because of the accuracy of voltage acquisition and the internal resistances (Rin ) of the sampling line and the fuse+1) And the main circuit of the battery is in any state of standing, charging and discharging, and the equalization switch Qi is closed at any time, so that the accurate voltage of the battery Bi can be acquired.
Further, the system is formed by connecting a plurality of voltage monitoring units in parallel, wherein each voltage monitoring unit comprises a battery (B1, B2 … … Bn), a sampling line and internal resistance (R1, R2 … … Rn +1) of a fuse, an equalizing resistor (Ri1, Ri2 … … Rin), an equalizing switch (Q1, Q2 … … Qn), a filter resistor (Rc1, Rc2 … … Rcn +1), a filter capacitor (C1, C2 … … Cn) and a voltage acquisition chip.
Further, the positive electrode of the battery B1 is connected in parallel with the negative electrode of the next battery B2 and the internal resistance R2, and the negative electrode of the battery B1 is connected in series with the internal resistance R1 and is connected with the parallel connection point of the equalizing resistance Ri1 and the filter resistance Rc 1;
the other end of the internal resistance R2 is connected with the parallel connection point of the drain electrode of the equalizing switch Q1, the filter resistor Rc2 and the next equalizing resistor Ri2, and the other end of the filter resistor Rc2 is connected with the end corner C1 of the voltage acquisition chip;
the other end of the resistor Rc1 is connected with the source of an equalizing switch Q1, the other end of the filter resistor Rc1 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected to the corner C0 of the voltage acquisition chip in parallel, and the gate of the equalizing switch Q1 is connected to the corner S1 of the voltage acquisition chip.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for improving the sampling precision and the balancing efficiency during the battery balancing improves the battery balancing efficiency and also greatly improves the voltage acquisition precision during the battery balancing. The problem that the battery voltage cannot be acquired during balancing or the problem that the acquisition precision error is very large is thoroughly solved. The method is also provided, the voltage acquisition precision is not influenced by the resistance on the acquisition line, and the acquisition line bundle can be longer by the method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention will be made clear below by combining the attached drawings in the embodiment of the invention; fully described, it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of some, but not all, embodiments of the invention and that all other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments without inventive faculty, are within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for improving sampling accuracy and equalization efficiency during battery equalization is disclosed, wherein a system is formed by connecting a plurality of voltage monitoring units in parallel, each voltage monitoring unit comprises a battery (B1, B2 … … Bn), internal resistances (R1, R2 … … Rn +1) of a sampling line and a fuse, equalization resistors (Ri1, Ri2 … … Rin), an equalization switch (Q1, Q2 … … Qn), filter resistors (Rc1, Rc2 … … Rcn +1), filter capacitors (C1, C2 … … Cn) and a voltage acquisition chip, the positive electrode of the battery B1 is connected in parallel with the negative electrode of the next battery B2 and the internal resistance R2, and the negative electrode of the battery B1 is connected with the internal resistance R1 in series connection with the parallel connection points of the equalization resistor Ri1 and the filter resistor Rc 1; the other end of the internal resistance R2 is connected with the parallel connection point of the drain electrode of the equalizing switch Q1, the filter resistor Rc2 and the next equalizing resistor Ri2, and the other end of the filter resistor Rc2 is connected with the end corner C1 of the voltage acquisition chip; the other end of the resistor Rc1 is connected with the source of an equalizing switch Q1, the other end of the filter resistor Rc1 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected in parallel at the end corner C0 of the voltage acquisition chip, the grid of the equalizing switch Q1 is connected at the end corner S1 of the voltage acquisition chip, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: in a static state when a system is powered on, namely a battery is not charged or discharged, sampling the voltage of each battery to obtain a first group of voltages: v1 and V2 … … Vn have no current in the internal resistance (R1 and R2 … … Rn +1) of the sampling line and the fuse, so V1 and V2 … … Vn are the voltages of the batteries (B1 and B2 … … Bn).
Step two: in the quiescent state of system power-up, i.e., the main circuit of the battery is neither charged nor discharged. Closing Q1, immediately reading the collected voltage V1', and then opening Q1; closing Q2, immediately reading the collected voltage V2', and then opening Q2; vn' is read in turn. Since V1 ', V2 ', … … Vn ' are read immediately after the equalization switches Q1, Q2 … … Qn are closed in sequence, the time is extremely short, so the formula can be derived:
in the formula Rq1、Rq2Is the internal resistance corresponding to Q1 and Q2 in fig. 1, and can be derived from equation 1:
the same can be deduced from the internal resistances (R1, R2 … … Rn +1), the balance resistances (Ri1, Ri2 … … Rin) and the balance switch internal resistance (Rq) of all sampling lines and fuses1、Rq2、……Rqn) The proportional relationship between them.
Step three: in any state of the main loop of the battery, such as standing, charging and discharging, at any time t, when any battery is equalized, the voltage of the battery is sampled, here, taking the 1 st battery B1 as an example, the collected voltage V ″ is read, and the voltage V of the 1 st battery B1 at the time t is calculated by the following formula:
substituting the coefficient k1 into equation 5 yields:
a.. 9.... 6...... 6.. includes a Vb1 ″ -V1 ″ + V1 ″ × k1.
Combining formula 6 with a common factor yields:
.
From equation 7, it follows: when the equalizing switch Q1 is closed, the accuracy of voltage acquisition is irrelevant to the sampling line and the internal resistance (R1, R2) of the fuse, so the battery voltage can be acquired by closing the equalizing switch Q1 at any time in any state of standing, charging and discharging of the main loop of the battery.
Similarly, the other batteries (B1, B2 … … Bn) are also the same, and for the battery Bi to be equalized, the corresponding equalization switch Qi is closed, because of the accuracy of voltage acquisition and the internal resistances (Rin ) of the sampling line and the fuse+1) And the main circuit of the battery is in any state of standing, charging and discharging, and the equalization switch Qi is closed at any time, so that the accurate voltage of the battery Bi can be acquired.
The influence of the resistance on the acquisition line is removed, voltage acquisition can be carried out during equalization, the voltage acquisition precision is not influenced by the size of the resistance on the acquisition line, the equalization efficiency can be improved, the influence of the resistance on the acquisition line is removed, large current equalization can be carried out, and the equalization efficiency can be improved.
In summary, the method for improving the sampling precision and the balancing efficiency during the battery balancing improves the battery balancing efficiency and also greatly improves the voltage acquisition precision during the battery balancing. The problem that the battery voltage cannot be acquired during balancing or the problem that the acquisition precision error is very large is thoroughly solved. The method is also provided, the voltage acquisition precision is not influenced by the resistance on the acquisition line, and the acquisition line bundle can be longer by the method.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for improving sampling precision and equalization efficiency during battery equalization is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: in a static state when a system is powered on, namely a battery is not charged or discharged, sampling the voltage of each battery to obtain a first group of voltages: v1 and V2 … … Vn have no current in the internal resistance (R1 and R2 … … Rn +1) of the sampling line and the fuse, so V1 and V2 … … Vn are the voltages of the batteries (B1 and B2 … … Bn).
S2: in the quiescent state of system power-up, i.e., the main circuit of the battery is neither charged nor discharged. Closing Q1, immediately reading the collected voltage V1', and then opening Q1; closing Q2, immediately reading the collected voltage V2', and then opening Q2; vn' is read in turn. Since V1 ', V2 ', … … Vn ' are read immediately after the equalization switches Q1, Q2 … … Qn are closed in sequence, the time is extremely short, so the formula can be derived:
in the formula Rq1、Rq2Is the internal resistance corresponding to Q1 and Q2 in fig. 1, and can be derived from equation 1:
the same can be deduced from the internal resistances (R1, R2 … … Rn +1), the balance resistances (Ri1, Ri2 … … Rin) and the balance switch internal resistance (Rq) of all sampling lines and fuses1、Rq2、……Rqn) The proportional relationship between them.
S3: in any state of standing, charging and discharging of the main loop of the battery, when any battery is equalized at any time t, the voltage of the battery is sampled, and the collected voltage V1' is read by taking the 1 st battery B1 as an example. The voltage V of the 1 st battery B1 at time t is calculated by the following formula:
substituting the coefficient k1 into equation 5 yields:
a.. 9.... 6...... 6.. includes a Vb1 ″ -V1 ″ + V1 ″ × k1.
Combining formula 6 with a common factor yields:
.
From equation 7, it follows: when the equalizing switch Q1 is closed, the accuracy of voltage acquisition is irrelevant to the sampling line and the internal resistance (R1, R2) of the fuse, so the battery voltage can be acquired by closing the equalizing switch Q1 at any time in any state of standing, charging and discharging of the main loop of the battery.
Similarly, the other batteries (B1, B2 … … Bn) are also the same, and for the battery Bi to be equalized, the corresponding equalization switch Qi is closed, because of the accuracy of voltage acquisition and the internal resistances (Rin ) of the sampling line and the fuse+1) And the main circuit of the battery is in any state of standing, charging and discharging, and the equalization switch Qi is closed at any time, so that the accurate voltage of the battery Bi can be acquired.
2. The method for improving the sampling precision and the equalization efficiency during the equalization of the battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the system is composed of a plurality of voltage monitoring units connected in parallel, the voltage monitoring units comprise batteries (B1, B2 … … Bn), sampling lines and fuse internal resistances (R1, R2 … … Rn +1), equalization resistors (Ri1, Ri2 … … Rin), equalization switches (Q1, Q2 … … Qn), filter resistors (Rc1, Rc2 … … Rcn +1), filter capacitors (C1, C2 … … Cn) and a voltage acquisition chip.
3. The method for improving the sampling precision and the equalizing efficiency during the equalizing of the batteries according to claim 2, wherein the positive electrode of the battery B1 is connected in parallel with the negative electrode of the next battery B2 and the internal resistance R2, and the negative electrode of the battery B1 is connected in series with the internal resistance R1 and is connected with the parallel point of the equalizing resistance Ri1 and the filter resistance Rc 1;
the other end of the internal resistance R2 is connected with the parallel connection point of the drain electrode of the equalizing switch Q1, the filter resistor Rc2 and the next equalizing resistor Ri2, and the other end of the filter resistor Rc2 is connected with the end corner C1 of the voltage acquisition chip;
the other end of the resistor Rc1 is connected with the source of an equalizing switch Q1, the other end of the filter resistor Rc1 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected to the corner C0 of the voltage acquisition chip in parallel, and the gate of the equalizing switch Q1 is connected to the corner S1 of the voltage acquisition chip.
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| CN111289904A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-16 | 上海电气国轩新能源科技有限公司 | Battery voltage monitoring system |
| CN111289904B (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2022-04-01 | 上海电气国轩新能源科技有限公司 | Battery voltage monitoring system |
| CN113632289A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-11-09 | 东莞新能安科技有限公司 | Battery system, sampling method thereof, electronic device and readable storage medium |
| WO2022016427A1 (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-27 | 东莞新能安科技有限公司 | Battery system and sampling method therefor, electronic device, and readable storage medium |
| CN113632289B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-07-12 | 东莞新能安科技有限公司 | Battery system, sampling method thereof, electronic device and readable storage medium |
| CN113188582A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-30 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | System and method for testing data acquisition precision of battery management system |
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