CN110711477A - Dry desulfurizing agent for ships, preparation method thereof and dry desulfurizing process for ships - Google Patents
Dry desulfurizing agent for ships, preparation method thereof and dry desulfurizing process for ships Download PDFInfo
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- CN110711477A CN110711477A CN201911187987.1A CN201911187987A CN110711477A CN 110711477 A CN110711477 A CN 110711477A CN 201911187987 A CN201911187987 A CN 201911187987A CN 110711477 A CN110711477 A CN 110711477A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
Abstract
A dry desulfurizing agent for ships, a preparation method thereof and a dry desulfurizing process for ships belong to the technical field of dry desulfurizing for ships; the dry desulfurizing agent for the ship is prepared by mixing the component A and the component B in a certain proportion, adding water accounting for 20-60% of the total amount of the component A and the component B after uniform mixing, carrying out extrusion molding after uniform mixing, activating a molded object at 60-120 ℃ for 2-12 hours, and then drying at 120-200 ℃ for 2-12 hours; and (2) feeding the ship flue gas from the bottom of the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor, desulfurizing the ship flue gas in the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor by using a dry desulfurizing agent, and feeding the desulfurized ship flue gas into a chimney or a heat exchange system from the upper part of the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor to remove heat again. The moving bed process is adopted, a certain dust removal function is achieved, dust generated by heavy oil combustion can be effectively eliminated, the existing flue gas system of the ship is slightly changed, the desulfurization efficiency is high and is more than 90%, the stability is high, and the influence of external factors is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dry desulfurization of ships, and particularly relates to a dry desulfurizing agent for ships, a preparation method thereof and a dry desulfurizing process for ships.
Background
Marine exhaust pollution is primarily derived from fuel oil, from which approximately 90% of the sulfur content is emitted as sulfur dioxide. At present, three measures are mainly adopted for dealing with the sulfur emission of ships: low-sulfur oil is used, LNG fuel is used for replacing fuel oil, and a ship desulfurization system is additionally arranged. The former two are not widely used due to insufficient supply of low-sulfur fuel oil, fuel storage and reconstruction cost, and the like, and the latter measure is usually adopted in all countries in the world at present, and a ship desulfurization system is additionally arranged, so that the ship can normally use heavy oil.
In 7 and 1 months in 2018, GB 3552 & 2018 emission Standard of Ship pollutants is applied in China, and emission of oily sewage, domestic sewage, sewage containing toxic liquid and ship garbage is strictly limited so as to promote the construction of ship pollutant receiving and treating facilities.
In 2018, 11, 30 and China department of transportation, the development of the ship desulfurization market is accelerated by noticing the implementation scheme of the atmospheric pollutant emission control area of the ship.
The International Maritime Organization (IMO), based on the global sea-based ship sulfur limit regulation mepc.259(68) resolution, requires that ships registered by the classification societies of each member country actively fulfill the resolution, and since 1/2020, ocean-going ships sailing in non-sulfur emission control areas must have fuel sulfur contents from less than 3.5% originally specified to less than 0.5% as an indicator to control atmospheric pollution.
The traditional ship tail gas desulfurization technology comprises a seawater washing method and a limestone-gypsum method, and a magnesium method, an ammonia method and the like are derived on the basis of the seawater washing method and the limestone-gypsum method. The methods all take absorption as the leading factor, and realize the desulfurization treatment of the tail gas through air oxidation, and only different absorbents are selected, so the desulfurization effect is also different.
The following is a description of the prior art:
a seawater washing method:
the seawater washing method is to utilize the natural alkalinity of seawater and a buffer system to absorb SO in tail gas2The aim of desulfurization is achieved. The seawater desulfurization process comprises two parts of seawater washing and seawater recovery, wherein the flue gas is washed by seawater to remove SO2 in the flue gas, the seawater for washing the flue gas needs to be mixed with a large amount of seawater, then sulfite in the seawater is oxidized into sulfate through aeration, a part of CO2 is removed, and then the mixture is discharged into the sea. Seawater itself is inexhaustible, but a large amount of seawater needs to be updated in the desulfurization process, and a large amount of compressed air is needed in the seawater recovery process, so that large power consumption is needed, and fuel oil needs to be additionally consumed in the generated power consumption. Seawater desulfurization plantThe process is complex, more operators are needed, and more moving equipment needs to be maintained. In addition, there are possible ecological environmental impacts, limited seawater buffering capacity, poor desulfurization effect on high-concentration flue gas, possible ecological environmental impacts, large equipment floor space, and limited space on ships, thus limiting their development.
Other absorption methods:
the limestone-gypsum method is a flue gas desulfurization technology which is widely applied abroad at present and has mature process development, and CaCO is used in the technology3Or CaO is used as absorbent to absorb SO in tail gas2And finally stable calcium sulfate is generated. The method has low cost and the desulfurization rate is more than 90 percent. On the basis, magnesium desulfurization and ammonia desulfurization technologies are gradually derived, the reaction mechanisms are basically similar, and only the used absorbents are different. However, the process is more complex, more operators are needed, more equipment is needed to be maintained, and the occupied area of the equipment is large. In addition, a large amount of waste liquid is generated in the desulfurization process, a large amount of water-containing by-products are generated, and the utilization of the generated by-products has certain problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems in the prior art and provides a preparation method of a desulfurizing agent for ships and a dry desulfurization process for ships.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme: the desulfurizing agent for the ships comprises a component A and an active component B, wherein the component A has a bonding and filling function, the component A is one or more of attapulgite, kaolin, fly ash, diatomite, activated clay and gypsum, the component B is one or more of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and magnesite calcination products, the component A accounts for 10-80%, and the component B accounts for 20-90%.
Preferably, the component A accounts for 30-70%, the component B accounts for 30-70%, and both the component A and the component B are powders with a size larger than 200 meshes.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the component A and the component B according to a proportion, adding water accounting for 20-60% of the total amount of the component A and the component B after uniformly mixing, carrying out extrusion molding after uniformly mixing, activating the molded product for 2-12 hours at 60-120 ℃, and then drying for 2-12 hours at 120-200 ℃ to obtain the dry desulfurizing agent for the ship.
The dry desulfurization process for the ship comprises the following steps: the flue gas generated by the ship is subjected to heat exchange to ensure that the temperature is 150-420 ℃, the flue gas is fed from the bottom of the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor, the flue gas is desulfurized in the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor through the ship dry desulfurizing agent, and the desulfurized flue gas enters a chimney or a heat exchange system from the upper part of the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor to be heated again.
Preferably, when the ship flue gas is desulfurized by the dry desulfurizing agent for the ship, the speed of the gas passing through the desulfurizing agent bed layer is 0.2-1.2m/s, and the space velocity is 200-1000/h.
Preferably, the flue gas generated by the ship is subjected to heat exchange to ensure that the temperature of the flue gas is 180-350 ℃.
Preferably, when the ship flue gas is desulfurized by the dry desulfurizer for the ship, the space velocity of the flue gas passing through the desulfurizer bed layer is 400-800/h.
Preferably, the waste agent desulfurized by the marine dry desulfurizing agent in the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor is used as the component A after being crushed and sieved into particles larger than 200 meshes.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the moving bed process is adopted, a certain dust removal function is achieved, and dust generated by burning of heavy oil can be effectively eliminated;
(2) the process is simple, the change to the existing flue gas system of the ship is small, and the original arrangement principle of the ship is not influenced or is slightly influenced;
(3) the desulfurization efficiency is high, more than 90%, the desulfurization is stable, and the influence of external factors is small;
(4) the occupied area is small, and byproducts can be regenerated or applied in other ways, so that the environment is not influenced;
(5) and dry desulfurization is adopted, so that the temperature reduction is small, and the subsequent waste heat recovery is facilitated.
(6) The water is not used in large quantity, the water drainage is not needed, and the power consumption is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a desulfurization principle of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a moving bed dry desulfurization reactor; 2. ship smoke; 3. a waste desulfurizing agent; 4. desulfurized ship flue gas; 5. a novel desulfurizing agent.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example (b): a desulfurizing agent for ships is shown in figure 1 and comprises a component A and an active component B, wherein the component A has a bonding and filling function, the component A is one or more of attapulgite, kaolin, fly ash, diatomite, activated clay and gypsum, the component B is one or more of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and magnesite calcination products, the component A accounts for 10-80%, and the component B accounts for 20-90%.
Preferably, the component A accounts for 30-70%, the component B accounts for 30-70%, and both the component A and the component B are powders with a size larger than 200 meshes.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the component A and the component B according to a proportion, adding water accounting for 20-60% of the total amount of the component A and the component B after uniformly mixing, carrying out extrusion molding after uniformly mixing, activating the molded product for 2-12 hours at 60-120 ℃, and then drying for 2-12 hours at 120-200 ℃ to obtain the dry desulfurizing agent for the ship.
The dry desulfurization process for the ship comprises the following steps: the flue gas generated by the ship is subjected to heat exchange to ensure that the temperature is 150-420 ℃, the flue gas is fed from the bottom of the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor, the flue gas is desulfurized in the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor through the ship dry desulfurizing agent, and the desulfurized flue gas enters a chimney or a heat exchange system from the upper part of the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor to be heated again.
Preferably, when the ship flue gas is desulfurized by the dry desulfurizing agent for the ship, the speed of the gas passing through the desulfurizing agent bed layer is 0.2-1.2m/s, and the space velocity is 200-1000/h.
Preferably, the flue gas generated by the ship is subjected to heat exchange to ensure that the temperature of the flue gas is 180-350 ℃.
Preferably, when the ship flue gas is desulfurized by the dry desulfurizer for the ship, the space velocity of the flue gas passing through the desulfurizer bed layer is 400-800/h.
Preferably, the waste agent desulfurized by the ship dry desulfurizing agent in the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor is used as the component A by crushing and screening particles larger than 200 meshes, so that the recycling is realized.
Example 1 preparation and evaluation of desulfurizing agent for Dry desulfurization Process
30g of activated clay larger than 200 meshes and 70g of calcium hydroxide are mixed, after uniform mixing, 50g of water is added, then mixing is carried out, after uniform mixing, extrusion molding is carried out, the molded object is activated for 4 hours at 90 ℃, and then dried for 12 hours at 120 ℃ to obtain the dry desulfurizing agent for ships.
At the temperature of 180 ℃ of the flue gas and the concentration of SOx of 500ppm, the desulfurization efficiency is 92.5 percent under the condition of airspeed of 800/h by adopting the desulfurizing agent.
Example 2 preparation and evaluation of desulfurizing agent for Dry desulfurization Process
30g of active clay larger than 200 meshes, 10g of attapulgite, 50g of calcium oxide and 10g of magnesium hydroxide are mixed, 60g of water is added after uniform mixing, then mixing is carried out, extrusion molding is carried out after uniform mixing, the molded product is activated for 4 hours at 90 ℃, and then dried for 10 hours at 120 ℃ to obtain the dry desulfurizing agent for ships.
At the temperature of 200 ℃ of the flue gas, the concentration of SOx is 700ppm, and by adopting the desulfurizing agent, the desulfurizing efficiency is 93.4% under the condition of the space velocity of 600/h.
Example 3 preparation and evaluation of desulfurizing agent for Dry desulfurization Process
20g of kaolin which is larger than 200 meshes, 20g of gypsum and 60g of magnesium hydroxide are mixed, after uniform mixing, 40g of water is added, then mixing is carried out, after uniform mixing, extrusion molding is carried out, the molded product is activated for 4 hours at 100 ℃, and then dried for 8 hours at 120 ℃ to obtain the dry desulfurizer for ships.
At the temperature of 220 ℃ of flue gas and the concentration of SOx of 1000ppm, the desulfurization efficiency is 91.3% by adopting the desulfurizing agent under the condition of airspeed of 800/h.
Example 4 preparation and evaluation of desulfurizing agent for Dry desulfurization Process
20g of fly ash with the particle size of more than 200 meshes, 20g of gypsum and 60g of magnesite calcination product are mixed, 60g of water is added after uniform mixing, then the mixture is mixed, extrusion molding is carried out after uniform mixing, the molding is activated for 4 hours at 90 ℃, and then the molding is dried for 12 hours at 150 ℃ to obtain the dry desulfurizer for ships.
At the temperature of 320 ℃ of the flue gas, the concentration of SOx is 500ppm, and by adopting the desulfurizing agent, the desulfurizing efficiency is 93.7 percent under the condition of the space velocity of 800/h.
EXAMPLE 5 preparation and evaluation of desulfurizing agent for Dry desulfurization Process
20g of attapulgite with the particle size of more than 200 meshes, 20g of gypsum and 60g of calcium hydroxide are mixed, after uniform mixing, 50g of water is added, then mixing is carried out, after uniform mixing, extrusion molding is carried out, the molded object is activated for 4 hours at 85 ℃, and then dried for 6 hours at 180 ℃ to obtain the dry desulfurizing agent for ships.
At the temperature of 300 ℃ of the flue gas, the concentration of SOx is 500ppm, and the desulfurization efficiency is 92.5 percent under the condition of airspeed 800/h by adopting the desulfurizing agent.
EXAMPLE 6 preparation and evaluation of desulfurizing agent for Dry desulfurization Process
The desulfurization waste agent produced in the example 4 is crushed to below 200 meshes, 30g of the desulfurization waste agent produced in the example 4 with the grain size larger than 200 meshes, 10g of fly ash, 10g of gypsum and 50g of magnesite calcination product are mixed, after uniform mixing, 50g of water is added, then mixing is carried out, after uniform mixing, extrusion molding is carried out, the molding product is activated for 4 hours at 80 ℃, and then dried for 12 hours at 150 ℃ to obtain the marine dry desulfurizing agent.
At the temperature of 320 ℃ of the flue gas, the concentration of SOx is 500ppm, and the desulfurization efficiency is 92.3 percent under the condition of space velocity of 800/h by adopting the desulfurizing agent.
EXAMPLE 7 preparation and evaluation of desulfurizing agent for Dry desulfurization Process
20g of diatomite larger than 200 meshes, 20g of gypsum and 60g of magnesium oxide are mixed, 60g of water is added after uniform mixing, then the mixture is mixed, extrusion molding is carried out after uniform mixing, the molded product is activated for 12 hours at 100 ℃, and then the molded product is dried for 6 hours at 180 ℃ to obtain the dry desulfurizing agent for the ship.
At the temperature of 320 ℃ of the flue gas, the concentration of SOx is 600ppm, and by adopting the desulfurizing agent, the desulfurizing efficiency is 94.3 percent under the condition of the space velocity of 500/h.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but that many variations are possible. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The desulfurizing agent for the ships is characterized by comprising a component A and an active component B, wherein the component A has a bonding and filling function, the component A is one or more of attapulgite, kaolin, fly ash, diatomite, activated clay and gypsum, the component B is one or more of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and magnesite calcination products, the component A accounts for 10-80%, and the component B accounts for 20-90%.
2. The desulfurizing agent for ships according to claim 1, wherein said component A is 30-70% and said component B is 30-70%, and both of said component A and said component B are powders of more than 200 mesh.
3. The preparation method of the dry desulfurizing agent for the ship according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing the component A and the component B according to a proportion, adding water accounting for 20-60% of the total amount of the component A and the component B after uniformly mixing, carrying out extrusion molding after uniformly mixing, activating the molded product for 2-12 hours at 60-120 ℃, and then drying for 2-12 hours at 120-200 ℃ to obtain the dry desulfurizing agent for the ship.
4. A ship dry desulfurization process using the ship dry desulfurization agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ship dry desulfurization process comprises: the flue gas generated by the ship is subjected to heat exchange to ensure that the temperature is 150-420 ℃, the flue gas is fed from the bottom of the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor, the flue gas is desulfurized in the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor through the ship dry desulfurizing agent, and the desulfurized flue gas enters a chimney or a heat exchange system from the upper part of the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor to be heated again.
5. The dry desulfurization process as claimed in claim 3, wherein the velocity of the gas passing through the desulfurizer bed is 0.2-1.2m/s, and the space velocity is 200-1000/h.
6. The dry desulfurization process according to claim 3, wherein the flue gas generated by the vessel is subjected to heat exchange to make the temperature of the flue gas be 180-350 ℃.
7. The dry desulfurization process according to claim 5, wherein the space velocity of the flue gas passing through the desulfurizer bed is 400-800/h.
8. The ship dry desulfurization process according to claim 3, characterized in that the spent agent after desulfurization with the dry desulfurization agent for ships in the moving bed dry desulfurization reactor is used as component A by crushing and screening particles larger than 200 mesh.
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| CN111701437A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-25 | 太原市晶磊科技有限公司 | Flue gas desulfurizing agent |
| CN115945058A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-04-11 | 山东中科纯净环保科技有限公司 | Calcium hydroxide strip-shaped desulfurizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115945058B (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-05-12 | 山东中科纯净环保科技有限公司 | Calcium hydroxide strip desulfurizing agent and preparation method thereof |
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