CN110701903A

CN110701903A - Rotary kiln

Info

Publication number: CN110701903A
Application number: CN201910958282.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋荣辉; 周智民; 张海存; 张立臣; 吴飞; 王派风
Original assignee: SHAANXI BLOWER (GROUP) CO Ltd
Current assignee: SHAANXI BLOWER (GROUP) CO Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-10
Filing date: 2019-10-10
Publication date: 2020-01-17

Abstract

The invention provides a rotary kiln, which comprises a kiln body and a chassis, wherein the upper part of the kiln body is flexibly connected with a top cover, and a feeding hole is fixedly processed on the top cover; the furnace body and the chassis rotate simultaneously under the driving of the driving device, and the top cover is fixed and does not rotate; the side wall of the furnace body is not in complete contact with the chassis to form a discharge port; a discharging blocking rod is arranged outside the chassis and is independent of the chassis and fixed. The material falling from the feed inlet is discharged from the discharge port under the action of gravity and is accumulated on the chassis, and the material accumulated on the periphery of the chassis is scraped from the chassis by the discharge blocking rod to achieve the purpose of discharging. The rotary kiln structure can bear material layers up to several meters on one hand, and can rotate the kiln on the other hand, thereby realizing fixed feeding and fixed discharging, solving the problem of high material layer scenes which cannot be solved by the conventional spiral discharging machine, and improving the heating, cooling and reacting efficiency through rotation.

Description

Rotary kiln

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rotary kiln and a discharging structure, in particular to a rotary kiln.

Background

In the industrial fields of metallurgy, chemical industry, coal, environmental protection and the like, solid furnace materials need to be heated, cooled or reacted in a closed space of a rotary furnace kiln and the like. Such as an annular kiln for drying, a rotary hearth furnace for iron ore reduction or waste treatment, etc. No matter the annular kiln or the rotary hearth furnace, the bottom plate rotates, the side wall and the top of the kiln are fixed, so that feeding is carried out at the top, and the spiral discharging machine is arranged on the lower part of the kiln and the bottom plate, so that fixed feeding and fixed discharging are realized while the bottom plate rotates. The spiral discharging machine can only be used for discharging materials paved in a thin layer, and the performance of the spiral discharging machine cannot meet the requirement for a thick material layer up to one meter or even several meters.

In view of the fact that the rotary kiln cannot discharge materials on a thick material layer, the rotary kiln can only discharge the materials out of the kiln through a discharge port at the bottom of the kiln by means of gravity in a static kiln mode for a scene that a thick material layer must be adopted due to various factors. However, for some application scenes that a thick material layer is required to be adopted and the kiln is expected to rotate to improve the working efficiency, the existing annular kiln, rotary hearth furnace and static kiln can not meet the requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a discharging structure of a rotary kiln, which can enable the kiln to bear a solid material layer up to several meters, can continuously discharge materials in a rotary state of the kiln, realizes continuous feeding and continuous discharging, and solves the technical problems that the efficiency is not high because the kiln cannot rotate although a thick material layer can be processed in the current static kiln, or the kiln can rotate, but the material layer processing can only be limited to thin-layer paved materials.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a rotary kiln comprises a kiln body and a chassis, wherein the upper part of the kiln body is flexibly connected with a top cover, and a feed inlet is fixedly processed on the top cover;

the furnace body and the chassis rotate simultaneously under the driving of the driving device, and the top cover is fixed and does not rotate;

the side wall of the furnace body is not in complete contact with the chassis to form a discharge port;

the material discharging device is characterized in that a material discharging blocking rod is arranged outside the chassis, materials falling from the feeding hole are discharged from the discharging hole under the action of gravity and are stacked on the chassis, and the material discharging blocking rod scrapes the materials stacked on the periphery of the chassis from the chassis to achieve the purpose of discharging the materials.

Further, the kiln body is in a hollow cylindrical or hollow frustum structure, and the hollow part is used for materials to pass through.

Furthermore, the incomplete contact between the side wall of the kiln body and the bottom plate to form the discharge port comprises: a plurality of discharge ports are arranged between the outer side wall of the furnace body and the chassis, and materials are discharged from the discharge ports; or the outer side wall of the furnace body and the chassis are integrally suspended in the circumferential direction for discharging the materials.

Further, the kiln body is annular, the space between the annular outer side wall and the annular inner side wall is hollow, and the hollow part is used for materials to pass through.

Furthermore, the incomplete contact between the side wall of the kiln body and the bottom plate to form the discharge port comprises: a plurality of discharge ports are arranged between the outer side wall of the furnace body and the chassis, the inner side wall of the furnace body is fixed with the chassis, and materials are discharged from the discharge ports in the direction far away from the furnace body; or the inner side wall of the furnace body is fixed with the chassis, and the outer side wall and the chassis are integrally suspended in the circumferential direction for discharging the materials in the direction far away from the furnace body; the incomplete contact between the lateral wall of the furnace body and the chassis forms a discharge hole and comprises: a plurality of discharge ports are arranged between the inner side wall of the furnace body and the chassis, the outer side wall of the furnace body is fixed with the chassis, and materials are discharged from the discharge ports towards the direction close to the center of the furnace body; or the outer side wall of the furnace body is fixed with the chassis, and the inner side wall and the chassis are integrally suspended in the circumferential direction for discharging the materials towards the direction close to the center of the furnace body.

Preferably, the discharging blocking rod can be controlled in a hydraulic mode, the furnace kiln body is fixed on the upper portion of the base plate when working normally, and the discharging blocking rod is moved out of the surface of the base plate when the furnace kiln body does not work.

Furthermore, a wear-resistant system is arranged on the surface of the discharging blocking rod, and the wear-resistant system comprises a wear-resistant layer arranged on the surface of the discharging blocking rod or a replaceable wear-resistant sheet arranged on one side of the discharging blocking rod, which is in contact with the material.

Furthermore, the furnace body and the top cover, the side wall and the bottom plate of the furnace body and the side wall of the furnace body are connected through a supporting structure, and the furnace body and the top cover are sealed in a water-tight mode.

Furthermore, the rotating speed of the furnace body and the chassis can be adjusted.

Furthermore, a material distribution device is arranged on the bottom plate of the kiln.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the rotary kiln structure can bear material layers up to several meters on one hand, and can rotate the kiln on the other hand, thereby realizing fixed feeding and fixed discharging, solving the problem of high material layer scenes which cannot be solved by the conventional spiral discharging machine, and improving the heating, cooling and reacting efficiency through rotation. Practice shows that the rotary kiln structure is used for cooling sintered ores, the material handling capacity is hundreds of tons to more than one thousand tons per hour, the cold air utilization rate can be improved to more than 95%, and the waste heat recovery efficiency is more than 80%.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a circular rotary kiln according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the annular rotary kiln of example 1.

The meaning of each reference number in the figures is:

1. the kiln comprises a kiln body, a base plate 2, a top cover 3, a feed inlet 4, a discharge port 5, a discharge blocking rod 6, a support structure 7 and a water seal 8.

1. The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

The flexible connection is compared with rigid connection, namely flexible connection, and means that a furnace kiln body has certain flexibility, and the existing fireproof silica gel cloth high-temperature flexible connection of the furnace kiln has the characteristics of good high-temperature performance, long service life, acid resistance, alkali resistance, oil resistance, corrosion resistance, moisture resistance, light volume and the like, and is used for passing gas, liquid, materials, dust and the like. The top cover has the advantages that the top cover is convenient to replace and install due to light volume, inlets such as gas, liquid, materials, dust and the like can be processed on the top cover due to acid resistance, alkali resistance, oil resistance, corrosion resistance and moisture resistance, the application range is wide, and a certain buffering effect is realized between the top cover and a kiln body due to the telescopic performance. The invention seals between the top cover and the kiln body in a water-tight manner.

Example 1:

according to the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a rotary kiln, which comprises a kiln body 1 and a chassis 2, wherein the upper part of the kiln body 1 is flexibly connected with a top cover 3, and a feeding hole 4 is fixedly processed on the top cover 3; the furnace body 1 and the chassis 2 rotate simultaneously under the driving of the driving device, and the top cover 3 is fixed and does not rotate, so that the fixed feeding is realized; the side wall of the furnace body 1 is not in complete contact with the chassis 2 to form a discharge port 5; the discharging blocking rod 5 is arranged outside the chassis 2, and the discharging blocking rod 5 is independent of the chassis and fixed, so that the materials on the chassis 2 can be scraped through the relative rotation with the chassis 2. The bottom of the outer wall of the kiln is provided with a discharge opening, even the material can be discharged in the circumferential direction, and the discharged and accumulated material is discharged through a fixed material discharging blocking rod similar to a scraper and falls below a bottom plate. The material that falls from feed inlet 4 is let out from discharge opening 5 under the action of gravity, piles up on chassis 2, arranges that material shelves pole 6 will pile up the material of 2 peripheries on chassis and scrape from chassis 2 and reach the row material purpose, realizes fixed row material.

The shape of the furnace body 1 of the present invention is not limited, and in example 1, the shapes of the furnace body 1 (shown in fig. 2) are exemplified as circular, truncated cone, and annular.

As one shape, specifically, the kiln body 1 is in a hollow cylindrical shape or a hollow frustum structure, and a hollow portion allows a material to pass through. The side wall of the furnace body 1 is incompletely contacted with the chassis 2 to form a discharge port 5, as a discharge mode, a plurality of discharge ports 5 are arranged between the outer side wall of the furnace body 1 and the chassis 2, and materials are discharged from the discharge ports 5; as another material discharge mode, or the material is discharged by integrally suspending the outer side wall of the furnace body 1 and the chassis 2 in the circumferential direction.

As another shape, specifically, the kiln body 1 is annular, and a hollow part is arranged between the outer side wall and the inner side wall of the annular shape, and the hollow part is used for materials to pass through. The side wall of the furnace body 1 is incompletely contacted with the chassis 2 to form a discharge port 5, as a discharge mode, a plurality of discharge ports 5 are arranged between the outer side wall of the furnace body 1 and the chassis 2, the inner side wall of the furnace body is fixed with the chassis 2, and materials are discharged from the discharge ports 5 in the direction far away from the furnace body 1; as another material discharging mode, or the inner side wall of the furnace body 1 is fixed with the chassis 2, and the material is wholly suspended between the outer side wall and the chassis 2 in the circumferential direction and is discharged towards the direction far away from the furnace body 1; as a third material discharging manner, the material discharging port 5 formed by incomplete contact between the side wall of the furnace body 1 and the chassis 2 comprises: a plurality of discharge ports 5 are arranged between the inner side wall of the furnace body 1 and the chassis 2, the outer side wall is fixed with the chassis 2, and materials are discharged from the discharge ports 5 towards the direction close to the center of the furnace body 1; as a fourth discharging mode, or the outer side wall of the furnace body 1 is fixed with the chassis 2, and the inner side wall and the chassis 2 are integrally suspended in the circumferential direction for discharging the material towards the direction close to the center of the furnace body 1.

In this embodiment, the material discharging blocking rod 6 can be controlled by a hydraulic mode, such as a hydraulic cylinder, and can swing, the furnace body 1 is fixed on the upper portion of the chassis 2 when working normally, and the material discharging blocking rod 6 is moved out of the surface of the chassis 2 when the furnace body 1 does not work.

Preferably, in consideration of the friction loss between the discharging blocking rod and the material, a wear-resistant system is arranged on the surface of the discharging blocking rod 6, and the wear-resistant system comprises a wear-resistant layer arranged on the surface of the discharging blocking rod 6 or a replaceable wear-resistant sheet arranged on the side, contacting with the material, of the discharging blocking rod 6 and is replaced periodically.

The furnace body 1 and the top cover 3, the side wall of the furnace body 1 and the side wall of the chassis 2 and the furnace body 1 are connected through a supporting structure 7, the supporting structure 7 plays a supporting role and can be connected by using a supporting frame, and the furnace body 1 and the top cover 3 are sealed in a water-tight sealing 8 mode.

The rotary speed of the furnace body 1 and the chassis 2 is adjustable, and the rotary speed is adjusted according to the feeding and discharging amount, the size of the main structure of the equipment, the discharging temperature, the exhaust temperature and the like, and is generally about 5-10 r/min.

Considering the uniformity of discharging, a material distribution device can be arranged at the bottom of the kiln (above the chassis) to ensure the uniform discharge of materials.

The working principle of the device of the invention is as follows: the existing rotary hearth furnace or annular kiln rotates on a chassis, and a furnace body and the top are fixed and static as a whole; the equipment of the invention is different from a conventional rotary hearth furnace or an annular kiln, the chassis and the kiln body are integrated, the chassis and the kiln body rotate simultaneously under the driving of the driving device, the rotation can improve the uniformity of material distribution and the efficiency (heating, cooling and reaction), the top (equivalent to a cover or a cover) is fixed and static and is fixed by a supporting structure; the top part is flexibly connected with the rotating body and rotates relatively. The top is stationary to achieve a fixed feed. A plurality of discharge ports are arranged between the outer side wall of the furnace body and the chassis, or the whole furnace body is suspended in the circumferential direction for discharging materials. The side wall of the kiln body is fixed with the chassis through other supporting structures. The solid materials in the kiln body are discharged from the discharge port under the action of gravity and are accumulated on the outer circumference of the chassis. The fixed discharging blocking rod is arranged outside the chassis and is equivalent to a scraper, and due to the rotation of the chassis, the discharging blocking rod moves relative to the discharging blocking rod, so that materials accumulated on the periphery of the chassis are hung from the chassis and fall into a discharging chute below the chassis to be conveyed to the next working procedure.

Effect verification:

the rotary kiln of the invention is used for heating materials, and a heating device or a hot air inlet device can be arranged on the base plate and the side wall; if the cooling device is used for cooling materials, a cold air inlet device can be arranged at the bottom. The top of the air conditioner can be provided with an air outlet for discharging hot air or cold air.

In order to illustrate the superiority of the equipment, a cold air inlet device is arranged at the bottom of the equipment, an air outlet is arranged at the top of the equipment, hot air or cold air is discharged, and the equipment is used for cooling sintered ore, and the result shows that the high-temperature sintered ore at 500-700 ℃ can be cooled to 100 ℃, the utilization rate of the cold air is improved to more than 95%, the waste heat recovery efficiency reaches more than 80%, meanwhile, the treatment capacity is hundreds of tons per hour to more than one thousand tons per hour, the material layer thickness can reach 5-6 m, the cold air quantity can be reduced to 800Nm3 per ton of ore, the temperature of the discharged hot air can reach 400-500 ℃, and the heat exchange efficiency is very high. Meanwhile, the power consumption of the equipment can be reduced to 7-10 KWh/ton ore, and the cost is low.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary kiln comprises a kiln body (1) and a chassis (2) positioned below the kiln body (1), and is characterized in that the upper part of the kiln body (1) is flexibly connected with a top cover (3), and a feed inlet (4) is processed on the top cover (3);

the furnace body (1) and the chassis (2) are driven by the driving device to rotate simultaneously, and the top cover (3) is fixed and does not rotate;

the side wall of the furnace body (1) is not in complete contact with the chassis (2) to form a discharge port (5);

the material discharging device is characterized in that a material discharging blocking rod (5) is arranged outside the chassis (2), materials falling from the feeding hole (4) are discharged from the material discharging hole (5) under the action of gravity and are stacked on the chassis (2), and the material stacked on the periphery of the chassis (2) is scraped from the chassis (2) by the material discharging blocking rod (6) to achieve the purpose of discharging the materials.

2. The rotary kiln according to claim 1, wherein the kiln body (1) is shaped as a hollow cylinder or a hollow frustum structure, the hollow portion being for the passage of material.

3. The rotary kiln according to claim 2, characterized in that the incomplete contact between the lateral walls of the body (1) and the bottom plate (2) to form the discharge opening (5) comprises: the side wall comprises an outer side wall and an inner side wall, a plurality of discharge ports (5) are formed between the outer side wall of the furnace body (1) and the chassis (2), and materials are discharged from the discharge ports (5); or the outer side wall of the furnace body (1) and the chassis (2) are integrally suspended in the circumferential direction for discharging the materials.

4. The rotary kiln according to claim 1, wherein the body (1) is annular in shape, and the annular outer and inner walls are hollow, the hollow portion being adapted to allow the passage of material.

5. The rotary kiln according to claim 4, characterized in that the incomplete contact between the lateral walls of the body (1) and the bottom plate (2) to form the discharge opening (5) comprises: a plurality of discharge ports (5) are formed between the bottom of the outer side wall of the furnace body (1) and the chassis (2), the inner side wall is fixed with the chassis (2), and materials are discharged from the discharge ports (5) in the direction far away from the furnace body (1); or the bottom of the inner side wall of the furnace body (1) is fixed with the chassis (2), and the outer side wall and the chassis (2) are integrally suspended in the circumferential direction for discharging materials in the direction far away from the furnace body (1);

the incomplete contact between the lateral wall of the furnace body (1) and the chassis (2) forms a discharge opening (5) and comprises: a plurality of discharge ports (5) are formed between the bottom of the inner side wall of the furnace body (1) and the chassis (2), the outer side wall of the furnace body is fixed with the chassis (2), and materials are discharged from the discharge ports (5) towards the direction close to the center of the furnace body (1); or the outer side wall of the furnace body (1) is fixed with the chassis (2), and the material is wholly suspended between the inner side wall and the chassis (2) in the circumferential direction and is discharged towards the direction close to the center of the furnace body (1).

6. The rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge bar (6) is hydraulically controlled, the kiln body (1) being fixed to the upper part of the chassis (2) during normal operation, and the discharge bar (6) being moved out of the surface of the chassis (2) during non-operation of the kiln body (1).

7. The rotary kiln according to claim 6, characterized in that the discharge bar (6) is provided with a wear system on its surface, said wear system comprising a wear layer on the surface of the discharge bar (6) or replaceable wear pads on the side of the discharge bar (6) that is in contact with the material.

8. The rotary kiln according to claim 1 or 3 or 5 or 6, characterized in that the kiln body (1) and the top cover (3), the side walls of the kiln body (1) and the bottom plate (2) and the side walls of the kiln body (1) are connected by a support structure (7), and the kiln body (1) and the top cover (3) are sealed by a water seal (8);

the driving device comprises a motor or a motor, and the connection mode of the furnace body (1), the chassis (2) and the driving device comprises a gear pin shaft, a gear ring or friction.

9. A rotary kiln according to claim 1 or 3 or 5 or 6, characterized in that the speed of rotation of the kiln body (1) and the chassis (2) is adjustable.

10. A rotary kiln according to claim 1 or 3 or 5 or 6, characterized in that a distribution device is arranged on the bottom plate (2) of the kiln body (1).