CN110700775B - Double-gradient drilling experiment bench for air inflation of marine riser in consideration of dynamic effect of drill rod - Google Patents
Double-gradient drilling experiment bench for air inflation of marine riser in consideration of dynamic effect of drill rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN110700775B CN110700775B CN201910969343.1A CN201910969343A CN110700775B CN 110700775 B CN110700775 B CN 110700775B CN 201910969343 A CN201910969343 A CN 201910969343A CN 110700775 B CN110700775 B CN 110700775B
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- drill rod
- pipe
- marine riser
- valve
- gas
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/14—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using liquids and gases, e.g. foams
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
Abstract
The invention discloses a riser inflation double-gradient drilling experiment bench considering dynamic effect of a drill rod, which mainly comprises a riser, a lower drill rod, a flowmeter, a densimeter, a pressure meter, a telescopic joint, an upper drill rod, a transmission assembly, a motor, a flow transmission pipe, a pulsation damper, a back pressure valve, a slurry pump, an electromagnetic valve, a one-way valve, a gas-liquid vibration separator, a water tank, an air compressor, an overflow pump, an emergency cut-off valve, a gas pipe and a balance mechanism, wherein the riser and the transmission assembly are vertically fixed on the bench; the marine riser is provided with a flowmeter, a densimeter and a pressure gauge; a lower drill rod is arranged in the marine riser, an upper drill rod is arranged in the transmission assembly, and the upper drill rod is driven by a motor; the gas transmission pipe is arranged between the air compressor and the water resisting pipe, and is provided with a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a one-way valve and an emergency cut-off valve; a pulsation damper, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a back pressure valve are arranged between the gas-liquid vibration separator and the marine riser; and a telescopic joint is arranged between the lower drill rod and the upper drill rod, so that the lower drill rod can slightly stretch up and down and also can slightly swing transversely.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experiment bench, in particular to a marine riser inflation double-gradient drilling experiment bench aiming at marine oil and gas development and considering drill rod dynamic effect, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering or marine oil and gas engineering.
Background
With the continuous and rapid development of national economy of China, the demand for resources is continuously increased, and the exploration and development of oil and gas resources are continuously developed towards deep strata and deep sea. Ocean oil gas is an important component of oil gas resources in China, but deep sea oil gas development in China starts late and is lack of an independent key technology. Compared with land and shallow sea drilling, deep sea drilling environments are more complex, and technical problems which are difficult to overcome by conventional drilling equipment and methods frequently occur.
In deep water oil and gas drilling, the density between the pore pressure and the fracture pressure of the stratum is very small, and the pressure accumulated in a long well section is easy to crush the stratum at the bottom of the drilling well. In the existing drilling of a seabed loose layer and a leaky production layer, in order to ensure the well bore quality, a mode of arranging a plurality of layers of casings is generally adopted. The well construction period in the prior art is long, the operation efficiency is low, the requirements on equipment such as a drilling platform and a drilling machine are high, and the allowance of a marine riser is large. The density of drilling fluid in the air of a riser ring above the seabed and on a drilling ship is changed by injecting gas to realize dual-gradient drilling, so that the margin between the fracture pressure and the pore pressure is relatively increased, accidents such as well kick, well leakage and the like are reduced, and the time and the cost for processing the drilling accidents are reduced, namely the technology of the riser gas-filled dual-gradient drilling.
Riser gas-filled dual gradient drilling is a very potential drilling technology, and structural reports on the technology are rarely seen at present. Because gas injection quantity, gas injection pressure and drilling fluid parameters have important influence on riser annular pressure control, the development of the riser gas-filled dual-gradient drilling experiment bench considering the dynamic effect of the drill rod has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to achieve the aim, and particularly provides a marine riser inflation double-gradient drilling experiment bench considering the dynamic effect of a drill rod, which is beneficial to promoting the development of the marine oil and gas development technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the utility model provides a consider that double gradient drilling experiment rack is aerifyd to marine riser of drilling rod dynamic effect mainly comprises marine riser, lower drilling rod, flowmeter, densimeter, pressure gauge, telescopic joint, goes up drilling rod, transmission assembly, motor, defeated flow tube, pulsation damper, back pressure valve, slush pump, solenoid valve, check valve, gas-liquid vibration separator, water tank, air compressor, overflow pump, urgent trip valve, gas-supply pipe and balance mechanism, its characterized in that: the marine riser and the transmission assembly are vertically fixed on the rack; the marine riser is provided with a flowmeter, a densimeter and a pressure gauge; a lower drill rod is arranged in the marine riser, an upper drill rod is arranged in the transmission assembly, and the upper drill rod is driven by a motor; flow pipes are arranged between the transmission assembly and the slurry pump, between the slurry pump and the water tank, between the water tank and the gas-liquid vibration separator, between the gas-liquid vibration separator and the water-stop pipe, between the water tank and the overflow pump, and between the overflow pump and the water-stop pipe; the gas transmission pipe is arranged between the air compressor and the water resisting pipe, and is provided with a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a one-way valve and an emergency cut-off valve; a pulsation damper, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a back pressure valve are arranged between the gas-liquid vibration separator and the marine riser; an expansion joint is arranged between the lower drill rod and the upper drill rod; the transmission assembly comprises a three-way pipe, a lower centering pipe, an upper centering pipe, a lower cover plate, an upper cover plate, a support cover, a power cover, a gear disc, a liquid injection pipe, a lead screw, a thrust bearing, a spring end seat, a spring, a sleeve, a transmission rod, a radial bearing and a sealing ring; the three-way pipe and the riser, the three-way pipe and the lower centering pipe, the lower centering pipe and the upper centering pipe, the upper centering pipe and the lower cover plate, the upper cover plate and the support cover, and the support cover and the power cover are all connected by bolts; the transmission rod is connected with the upper drill rod through a bolt, the transmission rod is fixedly connected with a gear disc, the gear disc is meshed with a lead screw, and the lead screw is driven by a motor; the upper end and the lower end of the sleeve are respectively connected with the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate through splines; the gear disc acts on the upper end of the support cover through a thrust bearing; springs are arranged outside the transmission rod and outside the upper drill rod, and spring end seats are arranged at two ends of each spring; and sealing rings are arranged between the upper drill rod and the spring end seat and between the liquid injection pipe and the transmission rod.
The marine riser inflatable dual-gradient drilling experiment bench considering the dynamic effect of the drill rod is characterized in that the motor drives the screw rod to rotate and drives the gear disc to rotate, the gear disc and the transmission rod are in interference fit, so that the transmission rod is driven to rotate when the gear disc rotates, the transmission rod is connected with the upper drill rod through a bolt, and the transmission rod further drives the upper drill rod to rotate; the liquid injection pipe is positioned in the transmission rod, and the liquid injection pipe and the transmission rod are sealed by a sealing ring; the drilling fluid in the water tank is injected into the transmission rod through the flow transmission pipe and the liquid injection pipe by a slurry pump, and then reaches the bottom drill bit through the upper drill rod and the lower drill rod to be rotationally ejected; in the drilling fluid circulation process, the air compressor injects gas into the riser through the gas transmission pipe, the drilling fluid at the bottom of the riser returns upwards and enters the gas-liquid vibration separator, and the separated liquid phase returns to the water tank; the balance mechanism on the drill bit is used for controlling the transverse swing of the drill rod; the overflow pump functions to simulate overflow and downhole accidents.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention can simulate the working principle of the riser inflation dual-gradient drilling; (2) the method can be used for researching the influence of drilling fluid parameters, inflation parameters and the like on the annular pressure characteristic of the riser; (3) the invention can simulate various working conditions such as normal drilling, overflow, underground accidents and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a riser gas-filled dual-gradient drilling experiment bench of the present invention with consideration of the dynamic effect of a drill rod;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission assembly of a riser gas-filled dual-gradient drilling experiment bench considering the dynamic effect of a drill rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view D-D of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom of the lower drill pipe at the location of the drill bit attached thereto;
fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view F-F of fig. 8.
In the figure: 1. the hydraulic control system comprises a marine riser, 2. a lower drill pipe, 3. a flowmeter, 4. a densimeter, 5. a pressure gauge, 6. an expansion joint, 7. an upper drill pipe, 8. a transmission assembly, 9. a motor, 10. a flow pipe, 11. a pulsation damper, 12. a back pressure valve, 13. a mud pump, 14. an electromagnetic valve, 15. a one-way valve, 16. a gas-liquid vibration separator, 17. a water tank, 18. an air compressor, 19. an overflow pump, 20. an emergency cut-off valve, 21. a gas pipe, 22. a balance mechanism, 801. a three-way pipe, 802. a lower centering pipe, 803. an upper centering pipe, 804. a lower cover plate, 805. an upper cover plate, 806 support cover, 807. a power cover, 808. a gear disc, 809. a liquid injection pipe, 810. a screw rod, 811. a thrust bearing, 812. a spring end seat, 813. a spring, 814. a sleeve, 815. a transmission rod, 816. a radial bearing, 817. a sealing ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-9, a riser inflation dual-gradient drilling experiment bench considering the dynamic effect of a drill rod mainly comprises a riser 1, a lower drill rod 2, a flowmeter 3, a densimeter 4, a pressure gauge 5, an expansion joint 6, an upper drill rod 7, a transmission assembly 8, a motor 9, a flow pipe 10, a pulsation damper 11, a backpressure valve 12, a slurry pump 13, an electromagnetic valve 14, a one-way valve 15, a gas-liquid vibration separator 16, a water tank 17, an air compressor 18, an overflow pump 19, an emergency cut-off valve 20, a gas pipe 21 and a balance mechanism 22, and is characterized in that: the marine riser 1 and the transmission assembly 8 are vertically fixed on the rack; the marine riser 1 is provided with a flowmeter 3, a densimeter 4 and a pressure gauge 5; a lower drill rod 2 is arranged in the marine riser 1, an upper drill rod 7 is arranged in a transmission assembly 8, and the upper drill rod 7 is driven by a motor 9; flow pipes 10 are arranged between the transmission assembly 8 and the mud pump 13, between the mud pump 13 and the water tank 17, between the water tank 17 and the gas-liquid vibration separator 16, between the gas-liquid vibration separator 16 and the marine riser 1, between the water tank 17 and the overflow pump 19, and between the overflow pump 19 and the marine riser 1; the air delivery pipe 21 is arranged between the air compressor 18 and the marine riser 1, and the air delivery pipe 21 is provided with a flow meter 3, a pressure gauge 5, a one-way valve 15 and an emergency cut-off valve 20; a pulsation damper 11, a flowmeter 3, a pressure gauge 5 and a back pressure valve 12 are arranged between the gas-liquid vibration separator 16 and the marine riser 1; an expansion joint 6 is arranged between the lower drill rod 2 and the upper drill rod 7, so that the lower drill rod 2 can expand up and down slightly and can also swing transversely slightly; the transmission assembly 8 comprises a three-way pipe 801, a lower righting pipe 802, an upper righting pipe 803, a lower cover plate 804, an upper cover plate 805, a support cover 806, a power cover 807, a gear disc 808, a liquid injection pipe 809, a screw 810, a thrust bearing 811, a spring end seat 812, a spring 813, a sleeve 814, a transmission rod 815, a radial bearing 816 and a sealing ring 817; the three-way pipe 801 and the riser 1, the three-way pipe 801 and the lower righting pipe 802, the lower righting pipe 802 and the upper righting pipe 803, the upper righting pipe 803 and the lower cover plate 804, the upper cover plate 805 and the support cover 806, and the support cover 806 and the power cover 807 are all connected by bolts; the transmission rod 815 is connected with the upper drill rod 7 through a bolt, the transmission rod 815 is fixedly connected with a gear disc 808, the gear disc 808 is meshed with a lead screw 810, and the lead screw 810 is driven by a motor 9; the upper end and the lower end of the sleeve 814 are respectively connected with the upper cover plate 805 and the lower cover plate 804 through splines; the gear plate 808 acts on the upper end of the support cover 806 by means of a thrust bearing 811; springs 813 are arranged outside the transmission rod 815 and outside the upper drill rod 7, and spring end seats 812 are arranged at two ends of each spring 813; and sealing rings 817 are arranged between the upper drill rod 7 and the spring end seat 812 and between the liquid injection pipe 809 and the transmission rod 815.
As shown in fig. 2, the riser gas-filled dual-gradient drilling experiment bench considering the dynamic effect of the drill rod is characterized in that the motor 9 drives the screw rod 801 to rotate and drives the gear disc 808 to rotate, the gear disc 808 and the transmission rod 815 are in interference fit, so that the transmission rod 815 is driven to rotate when the gear disc 808 rotates, the transmission rod 815 is connected with the upper drill rod 7 through a bolt, and the transmission rod 815 further drives the upper drill rod 7 to rotate; the liquid injection pipe 809 is positioned inside the transmission rod 815, and the liquid injection pipe 809 and the transmission rod 815 are sealed by two layers of sealing rings 817; the drilling fluid in the water tank 17 is injected into the transmission rod 815 through the flow transmission pipe 10 and the injection pipe 809 by a mud pump 13, and then reaches the bottom drill bit through the upper drill rod 7 and the lower drill rod 2 to be rotationally ejected; in the drilling fluid circulation process, the air compressor 18 injects gas into the marine riser 1 through the gas pipe 21, the drilling fluid at the bottom of the marine riser 1 returns upwards and enters the gas-liquid vibration separator 16, and the separated liquid phase returns to the water tank 17; a balancing mechanism 22 on the drill bit for controlling the lateral oscillation of the drill rod; the purpose of the overflow pump 19 is to simulate overflow and downhole accidents.
As shown in fig. 1, when the riser gas-filled dual-gradient drilling experiment bench considering the dynamic effect of the drill pipe is in normal operation, the overflow pump 19 is in a stop state; when the underground overflow working condition is simulated, the overflow pump 19 is started, the drilling fluid from the water tank 17 injects redundant drilling fluid into the marine riser 1 through the overflow pump 19, the electromagnetic valve 14 and the one-way valve 15, and the flow of the drilling fluid discharged through the overflow pump 19 is controlled by the electromagnetic valve 14 on a pipeline; when the bottom pressure of the riser 1 is increased, the pressure gauge 5 on the riser 1 detects overflow, at the moment, the air compressor 18 increases the gas injection amount, the mud pump 13 reduces the injection amount of drilling fluid, the phenomenon of bottom pressure sudden increase caused by inputting the drilling fluid by the overflow pump 19 is quickly balanced, and the bottom pressure is effectively controlled to be at a safe value. When a blowout accident occurs, the overflow pump 19 and the electromagnetic valve 14 on the pipeline are in a full-open state, when the pressure gauge 5 on the marine riser 1 monitors abnormal parameters, the emergency cut-off valve 20 immediately cuts off the gas pipe 21 to prevent the pipeline from being damaged, then the slurry pump 13 is stopped, and the back pressure valve 12 is fully opened, so that the simulation process of the blowout accident emergency response is completed; then, the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve 14 on the pipeline of the overflow pump 19 is gradually reduced, the drilling fluid is discharged through the outlet of the three-way pipe 801 (the backpressure valve 12 is in a fully open state), and after the drilling fluid in the marine riser 1 reaches a normal pressure value, the overflow pump 19 and the electromagnetic valve 14 are closed, and simulation of other working conditions can be started.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present system.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a consider double gradient drilling experiment bench is aerifyd to marine riser of drilling rod dynamic effect, mainly by marine riser (1), drilling rod (2) down, flowmeter (3), densimeter (4), pressure gauge (5), telescopic joint (6), go up drilling rod (7), transmission assembly (8), motor (9), flow transmission pipe (10), pulsation damper (11), back pressure valve (12), slush pump (13), solenoid valve (14), check valve (15), gas-liquid vibration separator (16), water tank (17), air compressor (18), overflow pump (19), emergency cut-off valve (20), gas-supply pipe (21) and balance mechanism (22) are constituteed, its characterized in that: the marine riser (1) and the transmission assembly (8) are vertically fixed on the rack; a flowmeter (3), a densimeter (4) and a pressure gauge (5) are arranged on the marine riser (1); a lower drill rod (2) is arranged in the marine riser (1), an upper drill rod (7) is arranged in the transmission assembly (8), and the upper drill rod (7) is driven by a motor (9); flow conveying pipes (10) are arranged between the transmission assembly (8) and the mud pump (13), between the mud pump (13) and the water tank (17), between the water tank (17) and the gas-liquid vibration separator (16), between the gas-liquid vibration separator (16) and the marine riser (1), between the water tank (17) and the overflow pump (19), and between the overflow pump (19) and the marine riser (1); the air delivery pipe (21) is arranged between the air compressor (18) and the marine riser (1), and the air delivery pipe (21) is provided with a flow meter (3), a pressure gauge (5), a one-way valve (15) and an emergency cut-off valve (20); a pulsation damper (11), a flowmeter (3), a pressure gauge (5) and a back pressure valve (12) are arranged between the gas-liquid vibration separator (16) and the marine riser (1); an expansion joint (6) is arranged between the lower drill rod (2) and the upper drill rod (7), so that the lower drill rod (2) can expand up and down slightly and can also swing transversely slightly; the transmission assembly (8) comprises a three-way pipe (801), a lower centering pipe (802), an upper centering pipe (803), a lower cover plate (804), an upper cover plate (805), a supporting cover (806), a power cover (807), a gear disc (808), a liquid injection pipe (809), a lead screw (810), a thrust bearing (811), a spring end seat (812), a spring (813), a sleeve (814), a transmission rod (815), a radial bearing (816) and a sealing ring (817); the three-way pipe (801) is connected with the marine riser (1), the three-way pipe (801) is connected with the lower centering pipe (802), the lower centering pipe (802) is connected with the upper centering pipe (803), the upper centering pipe (803) is connected with the lower cover plate (804), the upper cover plate (805) is connected with the support cover (806), and the support cover (806) is connected with the power cover (807) by bolts; the transmission rod (815) is connected with the upper drill rod (7) through a bolt, the transmission rod (815) is fixedly connected with a gear disc (808), the gear disc (808) is meshed with a lead screw (810), and the lead screw (810) is driven by a motor (9); the upper end and the lower end of the sleeve (814) are respectively connected with the upper cover plate (805) and the lower cover plate (804) through splines; the gear plate (808) acts on the upper end of the support cover (806) through a thrust bearing (811); springs (813) are arranged on the outer portion of the transmission rod (815) and the outer portion of the upper drill rod (7), and spring end seats (812) are arranged at two ends of each spring (813); and sealing rings (817) are arranged between the upper drill rod (7) and the spring end seat (812) and between the liquid injection pipe (809) and the transmission rod (815).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910969343.1A CN110700775B (en) | 2019-10-12 | 2019-10-12 | Double-gradient drilling experiment bench for air inflation of marine riser in consideration of dynamic effect of drill rod |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910969343.1A CN110700775B (en) | 2019-10-12 | 2019-10-12 | Double-gradient drilling experiment bench for air inflation of marine riser in consideration of dynamic effect of drill rod |
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| CN110700775A CN110700775A (en) | 2020-01-17 |
| CN110700775B true CN110700775B (en) | 2021-11-02 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110617052B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2022-05-13 | 西南石油大学 | Device for controlling pressure of double-gradient drilling through air inflation of marine riser |
| CN113982504B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-08-18 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Unidirectional buffer expansion joint device of deepwater well workover riser and application method thereof |
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| CA2803812C (en) * | 2001-09-10 | 2015-11-17 | Ocean Riser Systems As | Arrangement and method for regulating bottom hole pressures when drilling deepwater offshore wells |
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| CN102575502A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2012-07-11 | 控制压力营运私人有限公司 | Method of drilling a subterranean borehole |
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| CN103531076A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-22 | 西南石油大学 | Drilling condition simulation system and workflow thereof |
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