CN110700004B - Preparation method of natural-color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp - Google Patents
Preparation method of natural-color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp Download PDFInfo
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- CN110700004B CN110700004B CN201910908572.2A CN201910908572A CN110700004B CN 110700004 B CN110700004 B CN 110700004B CN 201910908572 A CN201910908572 A CN 201910908572A CN 110700004 B CN110700004 B CN 110700004B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
- D21H11/12—Pulp from non-woody plants or crops, e.g. cotton, flax, straw, bagasse
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/06—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
- D21B1/061—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods using cutting devices
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/34—Kneading or mixing; Pulpers
- D21B1/345—Pulpers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
- D21C1/06—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with alkaline reacting compounds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C7/00—Digesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/02—Methods of beating; Beaters of the Hollander type
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/20—Methods of refining
- D21D1/30—Disc mills
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/20—Methods of refining
- D21D1/34—Other mills or refiners
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F13/00—Making discontinuous sheets of paper, pulpboard or cardboard, or of wet web, for fibreboard production
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of pulping and papermaking, and particularly relates to a preparation method of natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing materials by adopting a dry method; 2) conveying the bamboo chips obtained in the step 1) into a squeezer for squeezing; 3) mixing animal waste, bamboo chips, screened bamboo scraps, bamboo pith, knots and other fine impurities in proportion, performing aerobic fermentation and composting, and adding efficient active biological compound bacteria while mixing; 4) after fermentation, screening and dedusting; 5) washing the bamboo chips after screening and dedusting by a material washing machine to remove surface substances and remove redundant water; 6) pre-soaking in alkali liquor; 7) grinding or pulping; 8) and (5) manufacturing the paper with pulp. The method combines biological, chemical and physical methods to produce the natural color bamboo fiber chemimechanical pulp for packaging, simultaneously makes full use of leftover materials in the production process, changes waste into valuable, and realizes full differentiation and high-quality utilization of bamboo raw materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pulping and papermaking, and particularly relates to a natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp for packaging, which is prepared by taking bamboo as a raw material through material preparation cutting → prepressing → mixed fermentation → screening and dedusting → washing → alkali liquor preimpregnation → high-concentration pulping → low-concentration pulping → papermaking, and has high added value, small environmental pollution and better quality; the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp can also be used for manufacturing natural color household paper and other products. In particular to a preparation method of natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp.
Background
In recent years, the paper industry in China is in the transition period of removing capacity and adjusting structures, and packaging paper and paperboard serving as main packaging materials have the characteristics of sustainability, excellent folding property, better elasticity, light weight, good printing performance, better transportation performance, sanitation, no toxicity, no odor, recyclability, environmental protection, cost benefit advantage and the like compared with other packaging materials. With the rapid growth of electronic commerce, the packaging paper and paperboard industry continues to increase in popularity.
Packaging paper plays an important role in the overall paper and paperboard product both in terms of structure and consumer specific gravity of the paper product. At present, the production capacity of paper and paperboard for packaging in China accounts for about 59% of the total production quantity, and the consumption capacity accounts for about 61% of the total consumption quantity. With the continuous development of the domestic packaging industry, paper packaging products will occupy more packaging industry markets, and packaging paper and paperboard will also occupy a larger share in the paper industry.
China is a country with seriously deficient forest resources, protects the forest, maintains ecological balance and forbids cutting the forest. The data that the total amount of waste paper fibers from China and imported waste paper generally accounts for more than 90% of the fiber raw materials required by the production of Chinese packaging paper and paperboard shows that the dependence of the production of Chinese packaging paper and paperboard on the waste paper raw materials is very high. However, the reduction of the imported variety and the quantity of the imported waste paper can greatly reduce the amount of the imported waste paper in China, so that most of enterprises which utilize the waste paper to produce packaging paper and paperboard in China generally face the situation of shortage of imported raw materials, and a huge market gap causes the waste paper to be in the situation of short supply and short demand, so that the waste paper in China becomes the 'rush goods'. The limited import of waste paper leads to a gap in the supply of fiber raw materials for packaging paper and paperboard, and the increased demand of fiber raw materials brought by the new production capacity input in the future, so the raw material problem will be a great challenge for Chinese packaging paper and paperboard manufacturers.
In summary, the raw materials for producing the packaging paper and the paper board at present mainly comprise waste paper fibers, a small amount of wood fibers and the like, and the invention is necessary for the production of the packaging paper and the paper board by using bamboo fibers, which is a relevant report at home and abroad and has little research.
China is at the center of the world bamboo distribution, the bamboo plant resources are very rich, and the area of the bamboo forest in China is about 500 to ten thousand hm2It accounts for 20-25% of the total area of the world bamboo forest, so it has the reputation of bamboo kingdom. The bamboo plant has the characteristics of fast growth, strong adaptability, short cutting period, high yield, biodegradability, one-time cultivation, repeated cutting, good antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties and the like, the bamboo industry plays an important role in rural economy in bamboo production areas in China, and the bamboo industry becomes one of four major sunward industries in forestry in China. The analysis result of the chemical components and the fiber morphology of the bamboo raw material is as follows: the bamboo wood is similar to the needle wood which is a high-quality raw material for pulping and papermaking, in terms of cellulose content of 40% -52% (40% -55% of needle wood), fiber length of 1.5-3.5mm (3-5 mm of needle wood), length-width ratio of 100-200 (about 60-110% of needle wood), and fiber form and content of bamboo, and therefore the bamboo wood is also one of the high-quality raw materials for pulping and papermaking.
Research shows that the bamboo material contains more non-cellulose impurity components such as lignin (the content of about 23-33 percent), pentose hemicellulose (the content of about 17-25 percent), organic solvent extract (the content of about 2.0-9.0 percent), ash (the content of about 1.2-3.5 percent) and hybrid cells (the content of about 20-31 percent), and has compact and firm structure (the density of the bamboo material is 0.52-0.68 g/cm)3The bamboo leaf material is 0.4g/cm3About 0.43-0.64g/cm of broadleaf wood3)。
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp. The method can solve the bottleneck problem of raw materials faced by the prior packaging paper and paperboard manufacturers in China, fully utilizes the bamboo with high yield and excellent quality as the raw material, combines biological, chemical and physical methods to produce the natural color bamboo fiber chemi-mechanical pulp for packaging, fully utilizes leftover bits and pieces (namely sundries such as bamboo chips, piths, knots and the like) in the production process, changes waste into valuable, realizes full differentiation and high-quality utilization of the bamboo raw material, and makes the surface of the bamboo piece more porous and the material softened on the one hand through mixed fermentation, thereby relieving the problems of uniformity and unstable quality caused by difficult control of stewing due to compact and firm bamboo tissue structure after soaking; on the other hand, animal manure such as cow manure, sheep manure, horse manure, pig manure and the like becomes biological organic fertilizer with comprehensive nutrition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp comprises the steps of firstly, pre-pressing qualified bamboo chips to enable the bamboo chips to generate fine cracks along the longitudinal direction, so that subsequent liquid medicine can be uniformly soaked conveniently, the cooking uniformity is improved, and the problems that the bamboo chips are difficult to soak and difficult to control the cooking uniformity and unstable quality due to compact structure, the bamboo chips contain a lot of non-cellulose impurities and have weak points are solved from the source; and the bamboo sheet material is softened, so that the subsequent pulp grinding is facilitated, the pulp yield and quality reduction caused by the aggravation of alkaline degradation due to the increase of the dosage can be reduced, meanwhile, the subsequent pulp grinding is facilitated, more complete fibers can be separated, the generation of fragments is reduced, the strength of ground pulp is improved, and the quality and the yield of the natural color pulp board are ensured.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: the material preparation adopts a dry method, namely, the bamboo is cut into bamboo chips with the length of 10-50mm and the width of 5-20mm, the bamboo chips are screened, the screened large chips are cut off, the size of the large chips reaches the size of 10-50mm and the width of 5-20mm, and the qualification rate reaches more than 85 percent. The screened fine impurities such as bamboo bits, bamboo pith, knots and the like are fermented for later use.
(2) Pre-pressing: and (2) sending the bamboo chips obtained in the step (1) into a squeezer for pre-squeezing, wherein the pre-squeezing pressure is 2.5-5.0MPa, the squeezing time is 2-10min, and the temperature is normal temperature.
Pre-pressing purpose: the mechanical extrusion effect of a squeezer is utilized, so that the bamboo chips can generate fine cracks along the longitudinal direction, the subsequent uniform permeation of liquid medicine is facilitated, the cooking uniformity is improved, and the problems of difficulty in controlling the cooking uniformity, unstable quality and the like caused by the fact that bamboo materials are soaked due to compact structures are solved from the source; the pre-pressing can also flatten and crush the bulge of the bamboo joint part, and then the crushed bamboo powder, bamboo joints, bamboo pith and impurities on the surface of bamboo chips are effectively removed through subsequent fermentation and screening dust removal, so that the self weakness of the bamboo containing more non-cellulose impurities is effectively overcome from the source.
The squeezing adopts double-roller squeezing, the upper and lower double rollers are both steel-covered rollers, and the upper and lower rollers are both provided with flat and smooth surfaces. The used squeezer of this patent belongs to the equipment among the paper machine press device, and the squeezer is used in the press dehydration of wet paper page widely, belongs to prior art, therefore its specific construction need not be repeated.
(3) Bamboo chip fermentation: adding water to wet the pre-pressed bamboo chips to ensure that the water content is 45-55%; then animal manure such as cow dung, sheep dung, horse dung, pig dung and the like with the water content of 20-40 percent and bamboo chips wetted by water are mixed and stirred uniformly according to a proportion together with the fine sundries such as the bamboo chips, the bamboo pith, the knots and the like in the step (1), the mixture is piled into long strips with the length of 2-2.5m, the width of 1.5-2m and the height of 0.8-1m after being uniformly mixed, and hemp bags or straw curtains are covered on the strips for aerobic fermentation and piling. Adding highly active biological compound bacteria such as yeast, lactobacillus, rhizopus, enzyme, etc. while mixing. Compared with oven-dried bamboo chips, the amount of the high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria is 2-5%. The mass ratio of animal manure such as cow dung, sheep dung, horse dung, pig dung and the like with the water content of 20-40% to the bamboo chips moistened by water to the sum of the mass of the fine impurities such as bamboo scraps, bamboo pith, knots and the like in the step (1) is 5-3: 5-7; wherein the mass ratio of the bamboo chips wetted by water to the fine impurities in the step (1) such as bamboo chips, bamboo pith, knots and the like is 8-9: 1-2.
In a further optimized scheme, the efficient active biological compound bacteria are prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of saccharomycete, 15% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of rhizopus, 10% of protease, 15% of lipase, 15% of glucoamylase, 10% of xylanase and 10% of pectinase, wherein the total mass percentage of the high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria is 100%.
Animal dung such as cow dung, sheep dung, horse dung, pig dung, etc., bamboo chips and finely-divided sundries of prepared materials are mixed and fermented, the bamboo chips and the sundries of the prepared materials provide required nutrient components for strain fermentation due to the fact that the bamboo chips and the sundries of the prepared materials contain more sugar, moisture, protein, fat and other organic matters, which is beneficial to the massive rapid propagation of microorganisms, simultaneously along with a series of complex biochemical reactions, the reactions can generate a large amount of special green metabolic substances such as enzyme, antibiotic, hormone and other substances, and in the stacking process, the animal dung such as cow dung, sheep dung, horse dung, pig dung, etc., releases heat due to the fermentation, the propagation and biochemical reactions of the microorganisms are promoted, the microbial degradation of the bamboo chips is accelerated, the biodegradation of oligomeric substances in the bamboo chips is facilitated, the intercellular layer and cell wall tissues of the bamboo chips are damaged to different degrees, the surfaces of the bamboo chips are more porous, the materials are softened, and the permeation of subsequent cooking liquid medicines is facilitated, improves the uniformity and the benefit of cooking, and can also reduce the dosage of cooking, thereby reducing the reduction of yield and quality of finished pulp caused by the aggravation of alkaline degradation due to the increase of the dosage. Meanwhile, the bamboo chip material is softened, so that subsequent pulp grinding is facilitated, more complete fibers can be separated, the generation of fragments is reduced, the strength of the ground pulp is improved, and the quality and the yield of the natural-color pulp board are ensured.
The animal waste turns from black to yellow through fermentation, and gives off alcohol taste, so that the biological organic fertilizer with comprehensive nutrition is formed. The microorganism is rapidly propagated in large quantities, and simultaneously, along with a series of complex biochemical reactions, the reactions can generate a large quantity of special green metabolic substances, such as enzymes, antibiotics, hormones and the like, which are generated by the natural shrinkage of organisms, are not external chemical antibiotics and hormones, are beneficial and harmless, wherein the antibiotics can obviously inhibit the propagation of soil-borne germs and improve the disease resistance and the stress resistance of crops; the hormone can stimulate the crop to grow and develop rapidly.
The stacking time is 72-120h, and the moisture of the fermented bamboo chips is 14-22%.
(4) Screening and dedusting: and after the fermentation is finished, screening and dedusting treatment is carried out, so that the fermented bamboo chips with qualified sizes are separated from fermented animal manure such as cow manure, sheep manure, horse manure, pig manure and the like and fine and broken impurities of the prepared materials.
Preferably, the screening and dust removing equipment adopts a high-frequency vibration type flat screen. The screening is that the bamboo chips and the fermented animal wastes are different in size and shape, the sieve plate with holes or slits is used, the fermented animal wastes pass through the sieve plate under certain pressure, and the bamboo chips are intercepted on the feeding side, so that the fermented bamboo chips are separated from the fermented animal wastes such as cow wastes, sheep wastes, horse wastes, pig wastes and the like.
The high-frequency vibration type flat screen is widely applied to screening of paper pulp, and the screening principle is that under the pressure difference of two sides of a screen plate and the vibration action of the screen plate, fibers pass through screen holes, and impurities with large geometric sizes are intercepted on a pulp inlet side. The high-frequency vibration type flat screen belongs to the prior art, so the specific structure of the flat screen is not described in detail.
The organic matter content of the separated animal dung such as cow dung, sheep dung, horse dung, pig dung and the like and the prepared fine sundries reaches more than 50 percent, and different nutrient elements are matched in a targeted manner, so that the series special fertilizer for various crops such as vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, grains, cotton and the like is formed.
The stay time of the fermented bamboo chips on a high-frequency vibration type flat screen is 20-40 min.
(5) And (4) a washing section, namely washing the bamboo chips screened and dedusted in the step (4) by a material washer to remove substances such as animal wastes and the like on the surface and remove excessive water. The water content of the bamboo chips after washing and dehydration is 30-45 percent.
The washing machine adopts a hydraulic breaker. The treatment conditions are as follows: bamboo chips for 20-40 min. The ratio of the mass of oven-dried bamboo chips in the washing machine to the total liquid amount (the mass of oven-dried bamboo chips plus the mass of liquid) in the washing machine is 3-6%.
The hydraulic disintegrator is widely applied to the wet preparation of grass raw materials, the appearance of the hydraulic disintegrator is spherical, the bottom of the hydraulic disintegrator is provided with an impeller and a sieve plate, substances such as animal excrement and urine on the surface of the fermented bamboo chips are scattered and washed out under the action of a bottom knife and vortex of the disintegrator, the substances are discharged through sieve holes on the sieve plate of the disintegrator, the bamboo chips are intercepted on the sieve plate and are continuously discharged by the discharger to be sent to a spiral dehydrator for dehydration. Both the hydraulic disintegrator and the screw dehydrator belong to the prior art, and therefore the detailed construction thereof is not described again.
(6) Pre-soaking in alkali liquor: and (4) feeding the washed bamboo chips into a cooking container, and adding alkaline substances to carry out alkali liquor preimpregnation. Relative to the absolute dry raw material, the alkaline material is pre-impregnated with alkaline solution at a temperature of 80-100 deg.C for 40-120min at a liquid ratio of 1: 3-6 under 0.15-0.3MPa (under nitrogen pressure). The alkaline substance is sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide and/or sodium sulfite. The liquid ratio refers to the ratio of the mass g of the oven-dried bamboo chips in the cooking container to the total volume ml of the liquid in the cooking container.
The lye preimpregnation was pressurized with nitrogen for the purpose of: the boiling point of the cooking liquid is improved, the generation of steam bubbles which hinder the permeation and the transmission of the sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide and/or sodium sulfite solution is prevented or reduced at the interface between liquid and solid phases (namely, the solution and the fiber raw material), the transmission coefficient can be maintained at a higher level, on the other hand, the pressure is increased, the mass transfer process of the sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide and/or sodium sulfite entering the fiber raw material from the solution can be improved, the effective degradation of the sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide is facilitated to occur more in the fiber, the removal of alkali-soluble inorganic substances and organic substances in bamboo chips by the sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide is facilitated to be improved, the number of air gaps on cell walls is increased, the irreversible and permanent softening of the bamboo chips is facilitated, the complete fiber is separated for the subsequent grinding, and the long fiber component is increased, the method lays a foundation for reducing fiber cutting, is favorable for reducing pulping energy consumption and improving pulp strength, and the chemical inertia of nitrogen can prevent raw material fibers from being oxidized and degraded by excessive alkalinity, thereby ensuring the yield and quality of the pulp after cooking.
(7) Refining (or beating): and (4) grinding the pulp obtained after the alkali liquor in the step (6) is pre-soaked.
Two-stage pulping is adopted for the impregnated bamboo fiber, wherein the first stage adopts medium or high concentration pulping, and the second stage adopts low concentration pulping. The pulping concentration below 10% is called low-consistency pulping, the pulping concentration 10-20% is called medium-consistency pulping, and the pulping concentration above 20% is called high-consistency pulping. The combined purpose of medium or high consistency refining and low consistency refining is: during medium or high concentration pulping, the fibers are easy to twist and wind, and once discharged and cooled, the fibers are fixed and the strength development of pulp paper is influenced. Therefore, low-consistency beating is adopted after medium-consistency beating or high-consistency beating, on one hand, fibers can be further divided, broomed and homogenized on the premise that the fibers are not cut off, and on the other hand, the fibers twisted and wound during medium-consistency beating can be stretched again through the low-consistency beating, so that the pulp quality is stabilized, and the quality requirement of packaging paper on the physical strength of finished paper is met. The beating degree of the bamboo fiber pulp after the two-stage beating is 26-36 DEG SR.
Pulping equipment: the medium or high consistency beating adopts a medium or high consistency disc grinder, and the medium or high consistency beating is particularly suitable for medium and short fiber pulp. Adopts medium or high consistency beating, mainly aims to improve the beating quality and reduce the beating energy consumption, and has the following reasons: during medium or high concentration pulping, the pulp fiber forms a fiber cushion layer on the tooth edge and the tooth surface, so that the friction among the fibers is increased, the fibers generate heat by friction, the fibers absorb the heat and become soft and plastic, the cutting effect of the tooth edge on the fibers is reduced, and the fibrillation of the fibers is increased; the reduction of pulping energy consumption is mainly because the friction between fibers is increased when medium and high concentration pulping, and the possibility of contact friction between the millstones is reduced, thereby reducing the pulping energy consumption.
In addition to a medium or high concentration disc mill, a double-screw extrusion thread rolling machine and other equipment can be adopted during medium or high concentration pulping. The double-screw extrusion thread rolling machine adopts a non-cutter type pulp grinding element, utilizes a dynamic extrusion principle, when pulp is ground and separated, two screws which are mutually parallel are used for forcedly extruding and conveying the pulp along the axial direction of the fiber like a high-efficiency screw pump, and the pulp is subjected to larger extrusion force and kneading action in the axial direction of the fiber in an extrusion and grinding area, so that the axial direction of the fiber is favorable for generating cracks, the functions of liquid medicine permeation and fiber separation are strengthened, and the pulp grinding function is completed. Extruding and thread rolling for 20-60min at room temperature, wherein the inlet pulp is concentrated by 18-30% and the outlet pulp is concentrated by 35-55%.
The double-screw extrusion thread rolling machine used in the application is a double-screw extruder used in the plastic and food industries, is clean mechanical pulping equipment which is developed by utilizing a plastic extrusion engineering principle and a modern papermaking pulping theory and has high yield, multiple functions and energy saving, belongs to the prior art, and therefore the specific structure of the equipment is not repeated.
A cylindrical refiner is adopted during low-consistency pulping. This application adopts cylinder refiner to carry out low concentration making beating, and the blade of rotor and stator adopts the stone sword, its leading cause is that the sword sheet has very big influence to the making beating efficiency and the paper pulp quality of this equipment, the surface of stone sword has many gas pockets, the diameter of gas pocket is great, the total length of downthehole and gas pocket total area are great in the unit area, divide the silk to the fibre for this, brooming effect is great, fibre water retention can improve, and cut off the damage effect little, thereby ensure the quality and the output of finished paper. The cylindrical refiner completely separates the refining process and the pulp pumping because the centrifugal force direction is 90 degrees to the pulp flow direction, and makes the flow speed of the pulp and the linear speed of the blade consistent on the whole cylindrical surface, namely the refining condition is consistent, the whole process has the same effective edge angle load (SEL), and the refining result is easier to control. Due to the action of centrifugal force, water is removed from pulp and thrown into the grooves of the outer stator blades in the time period from the pulp entering the refining area to the pulp leaving the refining area, and the concentrated pulp layer is just on the surface of the refining area, so that more energy is applied to fibers, and the purpose of refining fibers is achieved with less energy consumption.
Beating temperature of the bamboo fiber pulp: the medium or high concentration pulping temperature is room temperature, and the low concentration pulping temperature is 30-50 ℃; pulping time: the pulping time of medium or high concentration is 80-120min, and the pulping time of low concentration is 40-60 min.
(8) Manufacturing paper: and (7) pulping the natural color bamboo fiber pulp subjected to pulp refining in the step (7) to make pulp board by using a board machine which is well known by paper makers. The paper board machine used in the scheme belongs to paper making equipment of paper machine paper boards, belongs to the prior art, and therefore the specific structure of the paper board machine is not described any more.
The physical performance indexes of the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp prepared by the method are as follows: the yield is 65-75%, the average length of the fiber is 1.3-1.9mm, the average width of the fiber is 15.0-22.5 mu m, and the tightness is 0.68-0.75g/m3Longitudinal rupture length of 2.86-3.79km, transverse ring crush strength index of 5.4-7.1 N.m/g, and longitudinal tear index of 9.71-11.36 mN.m2(iv) g, burst index 2.83-3.21kPa · m2G, whiteness of 18.2-38.5% ISO, basis weight of 80-130g/m2. Wherein the yield is the pulp yield before two-stage pulping after the alkali liquor is preimpregnated, and for oven-dried raw materials (the same as above); the remaining performance indexes are the performance indexes of the slurry after two-stage pulping (same as above).
The method can adopt bamboo as raw material, and can also adopt non-wood plant fiber raw materials such as corn stalk, sorghum stalk, rice straw stalk, pennisetum hydridum, honeysuckle and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention (I) utilizes the high-quality and low-price bamboo wood in China to replace waste paper or wood to produce the biomass fiber material for the natural-color environment-friendly paper-based packaging with high added value, develops a manufacturing process of the biomass material for the natural-color environment-friendly paper-based packaging, adds a new sustainable and renewable new raw material in the production field of the biomass material for the natural-color environment-friendly paper-based packaging, greatly reduces the production cost, makes the product more economic, better meets the requirements of price-sensitive consumers, and relieves the raw material cost pressure of related industries in China.
In the whole process, no bleaching agent, fluorescent powder and other harmful chemical reagents are used, the generation of persistent organic pollutants (such as trichloromethane, chlorinated phenolic compounds, chlorinated dioxin, furan and other toxic chlorinated organic compounds) which are harmful to the environment and the health of organisms is fundamentally avoided, the pure and natural essential characteristics of the product are kept, the ecological, healthy and environment-friendly requirements of modern people are met, and the sustainable development of the natural bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp production and the environmental protection coordination can be realized.
Through mixed fermentation, on one hand, the surfaces of the bamboo chips are more porous, the materials are softened, and the problems of tight and firm tissue structure of bamboo wood, difficulty in controlling the uniformity and instable quality of cooking due to difficult soaking are solved; meanwhile, the bamboo chip material is softened, so that the subsequent pulp grinding is facilitated, more complete fibers can be separated, the generation of fragments is reduced, and the strength of the ground pulp is improved; on the other hand, animal manure such as cow manure, sheep manure, horse manure, pig manure and the like becomes biological organic fertilizer with comprehensive nutrition.
The natural color bamboo fiber slurry for packaging, which has high added value, small environmental pollution and good quality, is prepared by material preparation, cutting, pre-pressing, mixed fermentation, screening, dust removal, washing, alkali liquor pre-impregnation, high-concentration pulping, low-concentration pulping and papermaking, not only can improve enterprise profits, but also can pull the development of the bamboo industry, and provides a new way for adjusting the structure of the agricultural industry, widening the income increasing channel of farmers, driving vast poverty-lacking masses to participate in planting bamboo, realizing accurate poverty removal and continuous and stable income increasing and enriching, forming ' bamboo wood substitute ' pulping and papermaking by using bamboo to substitute waste (paper) ' and providing a new way for the benign development of interaction among grass, pulp and paper.
And fifthly, the invention combines medium or high concentration beating with low concentration beating, on one hand, the fibers can be further devillished, broomed and homogenized on the premise of not being cut off as much as possible, and on the other hand, the fibers twisted and wound during the medium or high concentration beating can be stretched again through the low concentration beating, thereby ensuring the quality of the finished pulp.
The invention uses nitrogen to pressurize when the alkali liquor is preimpregnated, the purpose is to increase boiling point of the cooking liquid, prevent or reduce the generation of steam bubbles which obstruct the permeation and transmission of the liquid medicine at the interface between the liquid and the solid phases (namely the solution and the fiber raw material), and maintain the transmission coefficient at a higher level.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
The high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria adopted in the application are prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of saccharomycete, 15% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of rhizopus, 10% of protease, 15% of lipase, 15% of glucoamylase, 10% of xylanase and 10% of pectinase, wherein the total mass percentage of the high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria is 100%.
Unless otherwise specified,% "as used herein means the mass percent, i.e., wt%.
Example 1:
a preparation method of natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp comprises the following steps:
(1) the material preparation adopts a dry method, and the raw material bamboo is cut into bamboo chips with the length of 10-50mm and the width of 5-20 mm; after screening treatment, the screened large pieces are cut off again to reach the size of 10-50mm long and 5-20mm wide, and the qualification rate reaches more than 85%. The screened fine bamboo scraps, bamboo pith, knots and other fine impurities are used when the bamboo chips are fermented.
(2) And (3) sending the screened qualified bamboo chips into a squeezer for pre-squeezing, wherein the pre-squeezing pressure is 2.5MPa, the squeezing time is 10min, and the temperature is normal temperature.
(3) Bamboo chip fermentation: wetting the pre-pressed bamboo chips with water to ensure that the water content is 45-55%; mixing the bamboo chips moistened with water together with the fine sundries such as scraps, pith, knots and the like screened from the prepared materials and animal wastes such as cow manure, sheep manure, horse manure, pig manure and the like with the water content of 20-40 percent according to the mass ratio of 5: 5, uniformly mixing and stirring, piling into strips with the length of 2.5m, the width of 2m and the height of 1m after uniform mixing, and covering gunny bags or straw curtains on the strips for aerobic fermentation and piling. Adding high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria accounting for 5% of the oven-dried bamboo chips by mass while mixing, fermenting for 72h, and making the water content of the fermented bamboo chips about 22%.
The mass ratio of the bamboo chips wetted by water to the fine and broken impurities such as scraps, pith, knots and the like screened from the prepared materials is 9: 1.
(4) Screening and dedusting sections: and after the fermentation is finished, screening and dedusting treatment is carried out, so that the fermented bamboo chips with qualified sizes are separated from fermented animal manure such as cow manure, sheep manure, horse manure, pig manure and the like and fine and broken impurities of the prepared materials. The stay time of the fermented bamboo chips on a high-frequency vibration type flat screen is 20 min.
(5) Washing: and (4) washing the bamboo chips screened and dedusted in the step (4) by a material washing machine to remove substances such as animal wastes on the surface and remove excessive water. The ratio of the mass of oven-dried bamboo chips in the washing machine to the total liquid amount (mass of oven-dried bamboo chips + mass of liquid) in the washing machine is 4%, and the treatment time of the detergent is 35 min. The water content of the bamboo chips after washing and dehydration is 40 percent.
(6) Alkali liquor pre-impregnation: and adding an alkaline substance into the washed bamboo chips for alkali liquor preimpregnation, wherein the alkaline substance is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfite. Relative to the mass of the absolutely dry raw material, the using amount of sodium hydroxide is 2 percent, and the using amount of sodium sulfite is 1 percent. Preimpregnation with alkali liquor for 120min at 80 deg.C under 0.15MPa (nitrogen pressure) and at a liquid ratio of 1: 3;
(7) refining (or beating): and (3) pulping the impregnated middle bamboo fiber by two sections, wherein the first section adopts medium or high concentration pulping, and the second section adopts low concentration pulping.
Pulping equipment: when in medium or high concentration beating, a medium or high concentration disc mill is adopted, and the medium or high concentration beating is particularly suitable for medium and short fiber pulp; a cylindrical refiner is adopted in low-concentration pulping.
Pulping bamboo fiber pre-impregnated with alkali liquor at room temperature for 80min at medium or high concentration; pulping at low concentration for 50min at 30 deg.C. The beating degree of the bamboo fiber pulp after the two-stage beating is 26.4 DEG SR.
(8) Manufacturing paper: and (7) pulping the natural color bamboo fiber pulp subjected to pulp refining in the step (7) to make pulp board by using a board machine which is well known by paper makers. The manufacturing of paper belongs to the prior art and is not described in detail.
The physical performance indexes of the natural color bamboo fiber slurry are as follows: the yield is 75 percent, the average length of the fiber is 1.46mm, the average width of the fiber is 22.5 mu m, and the tightness is 0.68g/m3Longitudinal rupture length of 2.86km, transverse ring crush strength index of 5.4 N.m/g, longitudinal tear index of 9.71 mN.m2(iv)/g, burst index 2.83kPa · m2G, whiteness 36.4% ISO, basis weight 84.6g/m2。
Comparative example 1: the step (2) is eliminated only by eliminating the bamboo chip fermentation section, and the rest processes and the flow are the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 2: only the nitrogen pressurization in the lye preimpregnation section is cancelled, the pressure is changed into normal pressure, and the rest of the process and the flow are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 3: the nitrogen pressurization in the bamboo chip fermentation section and the alkali liquor preimpregnation section is cancelled, the pressure is normal pressure, and the rest processes and the flow are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4: in the bamboo chip fermentation section, the high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria are prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of saccharomycete, 15% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of rhizopus, 10% of protease, 15% of lipase, 15% of glucoamylase, 10% of xylanase and 10% of pectinase, wherein the efficient active biological compound bacteria are prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of saccharomycete, 10% of protease, 15% of lipase, 15% of glucoamylase, 10% of xylanase and 10% of pectinase; namely, 15% of lactic acid bacteria and 10% of rhizopus are eliminated, the yeast is changed from 15% to 40%, and the rest processes and procedures are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 5: in the bamboo chip fermentation section, the high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria are prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of saccharomycete, 15% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of rhizopus, 10% of protease, 15% of lipase, 15% of glucoamylase, 10% of xylanase and 10% of pectinase, wherein the efficient active biological compound bacteria are prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of saccharomycete, 15% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of rhizopus, 10% of protease, 25% of lipase, 15% of glucoamylase and 10% of pectinase; namely, 10% of xylanase is eliminated, the lipase is changed from 15% to 25%, and the rest processes and procedures are the same as those in example 1.
Comparative example 6: the low-consistency beating after the medium-consistency beating or the high-consistency beating is cancelled, and the rest of the process and the flow are the same as the process and the flow of the example 1.
Example 2:
a preparation method of natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp comprises the following steps:
(1) the material preparation adopts a dry method, and the bamboo is cut into the bamboo with the length of 10-50mm and the width of 5-20 mm; after screening treatment, the screened large pieces are cut off again to reach the size of 10-50mm long and 5-20mm wide, and the qualification rate reaches more than 85%. The screened fine bamboo scraps, bamboo pith, knots and other fine impurities are used for later fermentation.
(2) And (3) conveying the screened qualified bamboo chips into a squeezer to be squeezed, wherein the pre-squeezing pressure is 5.0MPa, the squeezing time is 2min, and the temperature is normal temperature.
(3) Bamboo chip fermentation: wetting the pre-pressed bamboo chips with water to ensure that the water content is 45-55%; the bamboo chips after being wetted by water and the fine debris such as scraps, marrow, knots and the like screened by the prepared materials are mixed with animal manure such as cow manure, sheep manure, horse manure, pig manure and the like according to the mass ratio of 7: 3, uniformly mixing and stirring, piling into strips with the length of 2-2.5m, the width of 1.5-2m and the height of 0.8-1m after uniform mixing, and covering gunny bags on the strips for aerobic fermentation and piling. Adding high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria accounting for 3.5 percent of the weight of the oven-dried bamboo chips while mixing, fermenting for 120 hours, wherein the water content of the fermented bamboo chips is about 14 percent.
The mass ratio of the bamboo chips wetted by water to the fine and broken impurities such as scraps, pith, knots and the like screened from the prepared materials is 8: 2.
(4) Screening and dedusting sections: the stay time of the fermented bamboo chips on a high-frequency vibration type flat screen is 40 min.
(5) Washing: and (4) washing the bamboo chips screened and dedusted in the step (4) by a material washing machine to remove substances such as animal wastes on the surface and remove excessive water. The water content of the bamboo chips after washing and dehydration is 35 percent.
(6) Pre-soaking in alkali liquor: adding alkaline substance into the washed bamboo chips for pre-soaking in alkaline solution at 95 deg.C for 4% relative to the mass of the absolute dry material, at a liquid ratio of 1: 6 and a pressure of 0.2MPa (under nitrogen pressure);
(7) refining (or beating): the bamboo fiber after impregnation is pulped in two sections, wherein the first section adopts medium or high concentration pulping, and the second section adopts low concentration pulping.
Pulping the impregnated bamboo fiber at medium or high concentration for 120min at room temperature by using a disc grinder; pulping at low concentration for 40min at 50 deg.C. The beating degree of the bamboo fiber pulp after the two-stage beating is 32.8 degrees SR.
(8) Manufacturing paper: and (7) pulping the natural color bamboo fiber pulp subjected to pulp refining in the step (7) to make pulp board by using a board machine which is well known by paper makers. The manufacturing of paper belongs to the prior art and is not described in detail.
The physical performance indexes of the natural color bamboo fiber slurry are as follows: the yield is 64.8 percent, the average length of the fiber is 1.83mm, the average width of the fiber is 17.5 mu m, and the tightness is 0.71g/m3Longitudinal rupture length of 3.24km, transverse ring crush strength index of 6.04 N.m/g, longitudinal tear index of 10.82 mN.m2(ii)/g, burst index 3.01kPa · m2G, whiteness 18.2% ISO, basis weight 100.2g/m2。
Example 3:
a preparation method of natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting bamboo into 10-50mm long and 5-20mm wide, screening, squeezing qualified bamboo slices in a squeezer under a pre-squeezing pressure of 3.5MPa for 6min at normal temperature.
(2) Bamboo chip fermentation: the pre-pressed bamboo chips and the fine debris such as scraps, marrow, knots and the like screened from the prepared materials are mixed with animal excrement such as cow dung, sheep dung, horse dung, pig dung and the like according to the proportion of 6: 4, mixing and stirring uniformly, piling into strips with the length of 2-2.5m, the width of 1.5-2m and the height of 0.8-1m after mixing uniformly, covering gunny bags on the strips, and carrying out aerobic fermentation and piling. Adding high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria accounting for 2% of the oven-dried bamboo chips by mass while mixing, and fermenting for 96h until the water content of the fermented bamboo chips is about 17%.
(3) Screening and dedusting sections: the stay time of the fermented bamboo chips on a high-frequency vibration type flat screen is 20 min.
(4) Pre-soaking in alkali liquor: adding alkaline substance into the bamboo chips after being screened, dedusted and washed to carry out alkali liquor preimpregnation, wherein the amount of sodium hydroxide in the preimpregnation is 7% relative to the mass of the absolute dry material, the time is 40min, the temperature is 100 ℃, the liquid ratio is 1: 5, and the pressure is 0.3MPa (nitrogen pressurization);
(5) refining (or beating): the impregnated bamboo fiber is pulped in two stages, the first stage adopts a double-screw extrusion thread rolling machine to grind, the extrusion thread rolling time is 60min, the temperature is room temperature, the inlet pulp is concentrated by 18 percent, and the outlet pulp is concentrated by 35 percent. And in the second stage, a cylindrical refiner is adopted for low-concentration pulping.
Pulping at low concentration for 60min at 40 deg.C. The beating degree of the bamboo fiber pulp after the two-stage beating is 36.2 DEG SR.
The physical performance indexes of the natural color bamboo fiber slurry are as follows: the yield is 65.2 percent, the average length of the fiber is 1.30mm, the average width of the fiber is 15.0 mu m, and the tightness is 0.75g/m3Longitudinal rupture length of 3.79km, transverse ring crush strength index of 7.07 N.m/g, longitudinal tear index of 11.36 mN.m2(iv)/g, burst index 3.21kPa · m2G, whiteness 38.5% ISO, basis weight 128.6g/m2。
The results of the bio-chemical mechanical pulp of the natural color bamboo fiber obtained in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and the results of comparative examples 1 to 3 were compared as follows, and the comparison results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, comparative example 1 (only the bamboo chip fermentation stage is removed, and the rest of the processes and flow paths are the same as those of example 1), comparative example 2 (only the nitrogen pressurization in the alkali liquor preimpregnation stage is removed, and the pressure is normal pressure, and the rest of the processes and flow paths are the same as those of example 1), comparative example 3 (the nitrogen pressurization in the bamboo chip fermentation stage and the alkali liquor preimpregnation stage is removed, and the rest of the processes and flow paths are the same as those of example 1), and compared with examples 1, 2 and 3, the pulp yield of the comparative example is increased, especially the yield of comparative example 3 reaches 78.4%, but the physical properties of the pulp of the comparative example (including longitudinal fracture length, transverse ring crush index, longitudinal tear index, burst index, and the like) are reduced, especially the physical properties of the pulp of comparative example 3 are the lowest. It can also be seen from the table that the comparative example pulps were all low in freeness and all lower than example 1 (freeness 26.4 ° SR).
The analysis reason is as follows: the elimination of the bamboo chip fermentation section means that the fermentation can cause the biodegradation of oligomeric substances in the bamboo chips, the intercellular layer and the cell wall tissues are damaged in different degrees, the surfaces of the bamboo chips are more porous, the materials are softened, the subsequent permeation of cooking liquid medicine is facilitated, the cooking uniformity and the cooking benefit are improved, and the cooking dosage can be reduced. Meanwhile, the bamboo chip material is softened, so that subsequent pulp grinding is facilitated, more complete fibers can be separated, the generation of fragments is reduced, the strength of the ground pulp is improved, and the like.
The nitrogen pressurization in the alkali liquor preimpregnation section is only cancelled, and the operation is changed into the normal pressure operation, which means that the purpose of pressurizing by using nitrogen when the alkali liquor is preimpregnated is not available (the purpose is to increase the boiling point of the cooking liquid, prevent or reduce the generation of steam bubbles which obstruct the permeation and transmission of the liquid medicine and can maintain the transmission coefficient at a higher level, on the other hand, increase the pressure, improve the mass transfer process of the liquid medicine entering the fiber raw material, facilitate the dissolution of alkali-soluble inorganic substances and organic substances in bamboo chips, increase the number of gaps on cell walls, facilitate the irreversible and permanent softening of the bamboo chips, lay the foundation for the subsequent grinding, and ensure the yield and quality of the pulp after cooking) by using the chemical inertia of nitrogen. Therefore, substances such as low-clustering substances in the pulp pre-impregnated by the alkaline method are less dissolved out, the pulp is coarse and hard, the pulp is not sufficiently softened, the yield is high, the pulp is not beneficial to water absorption swelling and fine fibrosis of the fiber under the same pulping condition, the specific surface area of the fiber is small, the pulping degree is difficult to improve, and the physical strength is difficult to improve.
The results of the biochemical and mechanical pulp of natural color bamboo fiber obtained in example 1 of the present invention and those obtained in comparative examples 4 to 6 were compared as follows, and the comparison results are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
As shown in table 2, in comparative example 4 (only 15% of lactic acid bacteria and 10% of rhizopus in the bamboo chip fermentation section are removed, yeast is changed from 15% to 40%, and the rest processes and procedures are the same as in example 1), comparative example 5 (only 10% of xylanase is removed, lipase is changed from 15% to 25%, and the rest processes and procedures are the same as in example 1), and comparative example 6 (low-concentration pulping after medium-concentration or high-concentration pulping is removed, and the rest processes and procedures are the same as in example 1), compared with example 1, the pulp yield of comparative examples 4 and 5 is increased by 0.5% to 1.1%, but the physical properties of the pulp in comparative example (including longitudinal rupture length, transverse ring crush index, longitudinal rupture index, burst index, and the same below) are all decreased, and particularly the physical properties of the pulp in comparative example 6 are the lowest. It can also be seen from the table that the comparative example pulps were all low in freeness and all lower than example 1 (freeness 26.4 ° SR).
The reason for the analysis is that the elimination of lactic acid bacteria and rhizopus or xylanase in the bamboo chip fermentation stage means that the action of lactic acid bacteria (acting on fermentable carbohydrates) and rhizopus or xylan is not present.
Lactic acid bacteria are generic terms of a class of spore-free, gram-positive bacteria in which the main product of the fermentation sugars is lactic acid, and are generic terms of a class of bacteria capable of producing a large amount of lactic acid by using fermentable carbohydrates; the rhizopus generates amylase under proper conditions to promote starch to be converted into glucose, and meanwhile, both the lactic acid bacteria and the rhizopus can improve a weak acid environment (pH is about 4-6), so that the lactic acid bacteria and the rhizopus can enable starch and other oligomeric substances in bamboo to be biodegraded, intercellular layers and cell wall tissues are damaged in different degrees, the surfaces of bamboo chips are more porous, the materials are softened, the subsequent permeation of cooking liquor is facilitated, the cooking uniformity and the cooking benefit are improved, and the cooking dosage can be reduced. Meanwhile, the bamboo chip material is softened, so that subsequent pulp grinding is facilitated, more complete fibers can be separated, the generation of fragments is reduced, and the strength of the ground pulp is improved. In addition, the hemicellulose in the bamboo fiber is mainly xylan hemicellulose, so the xylan hemicellulose can be enzymolyzed by utilizing the catalysis and high specificity of xylanase, small gaps are formed on the surfaces of cell walls and intercellular layers, the material is softened, and the subsequent cooking and pulping are facilitated.
Therefore, the pulp of the comparative examples 4 and 5 has less dissolution of substances such as starch, low clustering and the like, is coarse and hard after being pre-soaked in alkali liquor, is not fully softened, has higher yield, is not beneficial to the water absorption swelling and the fine fibrosis of the fiber under the same pulping condition, has small specific surface area of the fiber, is difficult to improve the beating degree, and is difficult to improve the physical strength.
And moreover, the low-consistency beating is arranged after the medium-consistency beating or the high-consistency beating, so that the fibers twisted and wound during the medium-consistency beating or the high-consistency beating can be stretched again through the low-consistency beating, the pulp quality is stabilized, and the quality requirement of the packaging paper on the physical strength of the finished paper is met. And the low-concentration beating can further carry out external fibrosis and internal fibrillation on fiber bundles and single fibers generated by high-concentration beating, so that the water retention performance of the fibers is improved, the cutting damage effect is not large, and the strength of the finished paper is ensured. When low-consistency beating is cancelled, the beating degree of the pulp is reduced, and the strength of the finished paper is reduced.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the patent, but the scope of protection of the patent is not limited thereto. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of this patent, several improvements and modifications can be made according to the patent solution and its patent idea, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of this patent.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of natural color bamboo fiber biochemical mechanical pulp is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing materials: the material preparation adopts a dry method, namely, the bamboo is cut into bamboo chips with the length of 10-50mm and the width of 5-20mm, and the qualification rate reaches more than 85 percent for standby; fermenting the screened bamboo sawdust, bamboo pith and joints for later use;
2) pre-pressing: sending the bamboo chips obtained in the step 1) into a squeezer for pre-squeezing, wherein the pre-squeezing pressure is 2.5-5.0MPa, the squeezing time is 2-10min, and the temperature is normal temperature;
3) bamboo chip fermentation: wetting the pre-pressed bamboo chips with water to ensure that the water content is 45-55%; then uniformly mixing animal wastes with the water content of 20-40% and the moistened bamboo chips with the fine sundries such as bamboo scraps, bamboo pithes, knots and the like screened in the step 1) according to a proportion, piling the mixture into long strips, covering gunny bags or straw curtains on the long strips for aerobic fermentation and piling, and adding efficient active biological compound bacteria while mixing; the using amount of the high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria is 2-5% by the mass of the oven-dried bamboo chips; the high-efficiency active biological compound bacteria are prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of saccharomycete, 15% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of rhizopus, 10% of protease, 15% of lipase, 15% of glucoamylase, 10% of xylanase and 10% of pectinase, wherein the total mass percentage content is 100%;
4) screening and dedusting: after fermentation, screening and dedusting treatment is carried out, so that the bamboo chips with qualified sizes after fermentation are separated from other substances after fermentation; the stay time of the fermented bamboo chips on a high-frequency vibration type flat screen is 20-40 min;
5) washing: washing the bamboo chips subjected to dust removal in the step 4) by using a washing machine to remove surface substances and remove excessive water, wherein the water content of the bamboo chips subjected to washing and dehydration is 30-45%;
6) pre-soaking in alkali liquor: feeding the washed bamboo chips into a cooking container, adding alkaline substances for pre-soaking in alkali liquor at 80-100 deg.C for 40-120min under the pressure of 0.15-0.3MPa and the liquid ratio of 1: 3-6;
7) and (3) grinding or pulping: grinding the material pre-soaked by the alkali liquor in the step (6) into pulp;
8) manufacturing paper: and 7) pulping the natural color bamboo fiber pulp to obtain the natural color bamboo fiber pulp.
2. The method for preparing the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical and mechanical pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 2) performing pre-pressing by adopting double rollers, wherein the upper roller and the lower roller are both steel wrapping rollers, and the upper roller and the lower roller are both provided with flat and smooth surfaces.
3. The method for preparing the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical and mechanical pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the dimension of the piled long strip in the step 3) is 2-2.5m in length, 1.5-2m in width and 0.8-1m in height; the stacking time of the long strips is 72-120h, and the moisture of the fermented bamboo chips is 14-22%.
4. The method for preparing the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical and mechanical pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the equipment adopted for screening and dedusting in the step 4) is a high-frequency vibration type flat screen.
5. The method for preparing the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical and mechanical pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 5) adopting a hydraulic breaker as the material washing machine, wherein the treatment time is 20-40 min.
6. The method for preparing the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical and mechanical pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 6), the dosage of alkaline substances in the alkali liquor preimpregnation is 3-7% relative to the mass of the oven-dried raw materials.
7. The method for preparing the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical and mechanical pulp as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the alkaline substance is any one or mixture of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and sodium sulfite.
8. The method for preparing the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical and mechanical pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 8), two-stage pulping is adopted for pulping, wherein the first stage adopts medium or high consistency pulping, and the second stage adopts low consistency pulping; the beating degree of the bamboo fiber pulp after the two-stage beating is 26-36 DEG SR.
9. The method for preparing the natural color bamboo fiber biochemical and mechanical pulp as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the medium or high concentration pulping temperature is room temperature, and the pulping time is 80-120 min; the low-concentration pulping temperature is 30-50 ℃; pulping for 40-60 min.
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